Module 6: Present Perfect & Past Simple

Present Perfect
for & since
Present Perfect vs. Simple
Past

The boy was 1m10 tall one year ago.
Now he is 1m11 tall.
 He
has grown
one millimeter in
one year.
Tom is looking for his key. He can’t find it.
 He
has lost
his key.
(=He lost it and he still hasn’t got it)
(+) S + have/has + past participle (PP)
Ex: Tom
has lost
his key.
(-) S + have/has + not + PP
Ex: Tom
has not lost
his key.
(?) Have/Has + S + PP?
Ex:
Has
Tom
lost
his key?


Affirmative

Negative
Long form Short form
I, you, we, they
I
have done
I, you, we, them
I
’ve done
He, she, it
He
has done
He, she, it
He
’s

done
Long form Short form
I, you, we, them
I
have not done
I, you, we, them
I
haven’t done
He, she, it
He
has not done
He, she, it
He

hasn’t done
.

An action or situation that started in
the past and continues in the
present.
Ex:
He
has played
football since he was a
child.

An action when the time is not important,
it is expressed as an experience.
Ex:
We
have
never
traveled
by train.

An action was completed in the very
recent
past, expressed by
'just'
and
'recently'
.
Ex:
She

has just broken
her leg.

Action is repeated in an unspecified
period between the past and now.
Ex:
I
have seen
that movie three times.
just
(not) yet
already
ever
never
so far
up to now
recently
since
for
EXERCISES
1. Emma _________ this film on TV (not/to see)
2. When ______ she ______ the office ? (to phone)
3. I ___________ a new laptop. (to buy)
4. ______ you ever _______ to New York? (to be)
5. Andy ____________ his sister’s bike. (not/to
repair)
6. The students __________ their homework.
(not/to forget)
7. What _______ you _______ in the kitchen? (to
drop)

hasn’t seen
has
phoned
have bought
Have
been
hasn’t repaired
haven’t forgot
have dropped
She ______________asleep.
They _______________ out.
has just been have just
gone
What have they just done?
He ______________ lottery. They _____________ married.
has just
won
have just
got
for
is used with a period of time:
for
six days, for a long time
…
Ex: I
have lived
here for ten years.
since
is used with a point in time and
means

“from that point to the time of
speaking”
.
Ex: She
has been
here since six o’clock.
Use
for
for
or
since
since
to complete the sentences below
1. Sarah has lived in London ______ 1985.
2. _______ Christmas, the weather has been quite
good.
3. The house is very dirty. We haven’t cleaned it _____
ages.
4. They’ve known each other _______ they were at
school.
5. I haven’t had a holiday _____ ten years.
since
Since
for
since
fo
r
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE PAST
- Just, already, not yet
Ex: She

has just arrived
in
Tokyo.
- Certain time in the past.
Ex: She
phoned
him 2 minutes
ago
- Whether/How often till now
Ex:
Have
you ever
been
to
Rome?
I
have been
to Rome twice.
- Certain event in the past
Ex: He
went
to Rome in 1990.
- Emphasis on result
Ex: I
have bought
a new bike.
(I actually want to express that I have
a new bike now.)

- Emphasis on action

Ex: I
bought
a new bike.
(just telling what I did in the past.)

just, already, up to now, until now,
till now, ever, (not) yet, so far,
lately, recently…
yesterday, ago, in 1990, the other
day, last …
1. I __________ (have) these shoes since my 18
th
birthday.
2. I ________ (tidy) my desk, but now it’s in a mess
again.
3. The last time I ______ (go) to Brighton was in August.
4. I’d like to meet a ghost, but I _________________
(never/see) one.
5. I’ve finished my homework. I ______(do) it before tea.
have had
tidied
wen
t
have never
seen
di
d
Exercise 1: Use the correct tense to complete
these sentences.
1. I’ve lost my key. I can’t find it anywhere.

 RIGHT
2. Have you seen the news on television last night?
 WRONG: Did you see the news on television last night?
3. I’ve bought a new car last week.
 WRONG: I bought a new car last week.
4. I’m very hungry. I haven’t eaten anything today.
 RIGHT
5. When has this book been published?
 WRONG: When was this book published?
Exercise 2: Are the underlined parts of
these sentences right or wrong? Correct
the wrong ones.