REPORTED SPEECH LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP

REPORTED SPEECH

- Trong câu trực tiếp thông tin đi từ người thứ nhất đến thẳng người thứ
hai (người thứ nhất nói trực tiếp với người thứ hai).

Ex1: He said "I bought a new motorbike for myself yesterday"
thì QKĐ đại từ trạng từ
- Trong câu gián tiếp thông tin đi từ người thứ nhất qua người thứ hai
đến với người thứ ba. Khi đó câu có biến đổi về mặt ngữ pháp.

=> He said he had bought a new motorbike for himself the day
before.
thì QKHT
 Để biến đổi một câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp cần:
1. Đổi thì trong câu trực tiếp, tất cả các câu trực tiếp đổi qua
câu gián tiếp đều lùi về một thì.
2. Đổi Chủ từ và đại từ trong câu trực tiếp.
3. Đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn trong câu trực tiếp.
Changes in tenses ( Đổi thì)
Direct ( câu trực tiếp) Indirect( câu gián tiếp)
1. HTĐ
2. HTTD
3. HTHT
4. HTHTTD
5. QKĐ
6. QKHT
7. TLĐ
( will/ shall + V
0
)
 Can/ may

 Must
 ought to/ should
 could/ would/ might
 used to/ had better
- QKĐ
- QKTD
- QKHT
- QKHTTD
- QKHT
- QKHT
- Tương lai trong quá khứ.
( would / should + V
0
)
- could/ might
- had to
- không đổi
- không đổi
- không đổi
 Note: - Các trường hợp không thay đổi về thì khi chuyển sang câu
gián tiếp.
1. §éng tõ ë mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh ë c¸c th× hiÖn t¹i vµ t¬ng lai ®¬n.
Ex1: The farmer says: " I hope it will rain "
=> The farmer says he hopes it will rain.
2. C©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i 2 vµ lo¹i 3:
Ex2: He said," If I were you, I would marry her."
=> He said if he were me, he would marry her.
3. Lêi nãi trùc tiÕp diÔn t¶ mét ch©n lý.
Ex3: My teacher said, " The sun rises in the East"
 My teacher said that the sun rises in the East.

Change of Pronoun ( Đổi đại từ)
Direct ( câu trực tiếp) Indirect( câu gián tiếp)
 Ngôi thứ nhất:
- I
- Me
- My
- Myself
- We
- Us
- Our
- ourself
 Ngôi thứ 2
- you
- your
 Ngôi thứ 3
- he, him, his,
- she, her, it(s),
- they, them, their
o He /she
o Him / her
o His / her
o Himself / herself
o They
o Them
o Their
o Themselves
o Me / I
o My
- không đổi
 Note: Nhất => chủ, Nhị => túc, tam => nguyên

Change of adverbs ( Đổi trạng từ)
Direct ( câu trực tiếp) Indirect( câu gián tiếp)
1. today/ tonight
2. yesterday
3. tonight
4. tomorrow
5. this moth
6. last month
7. next month
8. here
9. now
10.ago
11.this
12.these
1. that day/ that night
2. the day before/ the previous day
3. that night
4. the following day/ the next day
5. that month
6. the moth before / the previous month
7. the month after / the following month
8. there
9. then
10.before
11.that
12.those
A. Kinds of reported speech:
1. Statements: ( câu phát biểu)
Ex1: They said to us, “These are snakes.”
=> They told us (that) those were snakes.

Ex2: “I came at 8 o’clock,” he said.
=> He said (that) he had come at 8 o’clock.
 Note: said to + O => told + O
2. Questions:
a. Yes/ No_ questions:

Ex1: “ Did you see him?” she said to me.
= > She asked me if / whether I had seen him.
asked + (O)
S + wanted to know
wondered
+ IF / WHETHER S + V
b. Wh_ / How_questions:

Ex2: The stranger said, “ Where is Tra Vinh town school?”
=> The stranger asked where Tra Vinh town school
was.
Ex3: The teacher sai, “ How old are you?”
=> The teacher asked me how old I was
asked + (O)
S + wanted to know
wondered
+ WH_ / How S + V
3. Comands/ requests ( câu mệnh lệnh/ yêu cầu).
a. Infinitive ( động từ nguyên mẫu)
Ex1: “Please give this book to him tomorrow”. I said to Lan
=> I told Lan to give that book to him the following day.
Ex2: The teacher said “Nam, don’t put your leg on the chair.”
=> The teacher asked Nam not to put his leg on the chair.
S + said + that + S + V

S + told + (O ) + that + S + V
told
asked
begged to V
0
warned
S + required + O +
requested
advised not to V
0
invited
ordered

Ex3: “Can I help you?”
=> She offered to help me.
Ex4: “I can’t help you do the exercises”, he said.
=> He refused to help me do the exercises.

offered
S + promised + to V
0
refused
threatened
b.Gerunds: ( danh động từ)
Ex1: “Shall we cook dinner tonight?”she suggested.
=> She suggested cooking dinner that night.
suggested
S + admitted + (not) + V_ing
denied
Ex2: “ Sorry I’m late.” The student said to teacher.

=> The student apologized teacher for being late.
thanked + O + for
accused + O + of
congratulated + O + on
S + dreamed of + V_ing
apologized + O + for
insisted on
complained about
 Note:
1. Invitations: ( lời mời)
- Would you like … / to V ?
- Do you like/ do you want to V ?
- You had better + V.
- If I were you, I would
- Are you free to V
Ex1: " Do you want to go home with me?"
=> She invited me to go home.
2. Advice: ( lời khuyên)

- S + should + V
- S + had better + V
Ex2: “You had better come to see a doctor.”
=> She advised me to come to see a doctor.
3. Suggestions.( đề nghị)
- Let's do
-Shall we… ?
-Do you feel like……?
-Why don't we ?
-Why don't you……?
-What/ How about ?

Ex3: “Let’s go swimming.”
=> He suggested going swimming.
 EXERCISE:
I. Statements
Put the following sentences into Reported Speech
1. She said, "I went to the cinema
yesterday."_______________________________________
2. He said, "I am writing a test
tomorrow."_________________________________________
3. You said, "I will do this for him."
______________________________________________
4. She said, "I am not hungry
now."_______________________________________________
5. They said, "We have never been here
before."_____________________________________
6. They said, "We were in London last
week."_______________________________________
7. He said, "I will have finished this paper by
tomorrow."______________________________
8. “I will apply for my visa tomorrow,” She
said._____________________________________
9. “ I worked for a bank in KG” He
said.___________________________________________
10. She said, “ Jenny is leaving
now.”_____________________________________________
11. “ I was watching TV at 8.00 last night.” She said
_________________________________
12. “My mother died of cancer in 1985”, Tom said to
me______________________________

13. “ I will come back tomorrow” he
said___________________________________________
14. “ I spoke to her yesterday.” He
said,____________________________________________
15. She said to me, “ I like your
dress.’_____________________________________________
16. “ I am here for a short holiday.” She
said________________________________________
17. “ I am going to New York tomorrow.” She
said___________________________________
18. “ I had written the statement of purpose before.” Peter
said__________________________
19. John said, “ I have finished studying my
lesson.”__________________________________
20. They said, “ we want to assist us
today.”________________________________________
II. Questions:
1. Wh-…/ H-… questions
Put the following sentences into Reported Speech
1. “What’s the weather like?” She asked
me________________________________________
2. “How can I solve the problem?” I wanted to know
________________________________
3. “ What did you think of the performance yesterday?” She asked
me____________________
4. "Where is my umbrella?" she
asked_____________________________________________
5. "How are you?" Martin asked
us________________________________________________
6. He asked, "Do I have to do

it?"_________________________________________________
7. "Where have you been?" the mother asked her
daughter._____________________________
8. "What are they doing?" she
asked.______________________________________________
9. "Which dress do you like best?" she asked her
boyfriend.____________________________
10. "How do you know that?" she asked
me.________________________________________
11. “ where did you go yesterday?” she asked
me____________________________________
12. They asked, “ How can you repair this machine,
John?”____________________________
13. “ Why did the dog bark violently last night?”, John asked
Peter______________________
14. He asked me, “ How long does it take to get to
London?”___________________________
15. They asked, “ where is your
school?”___________________________________________
16. He asked me, “ why did you come to class
yesterday?”_____________________________
17. He said to me, “ What time is
it?”______________________________________________
18. Peter said, “ How old are you
now?”___________________________________________
19. The police asked him, “ Where were you last
month?”_____________________________
20. “ when did you come here?” she asked
me.______________________________________
2. Yes – no questions:

Put the following sentences into Reported Speech
1. “Is your school near here?”, she said.
____________________________________________
2. Tom asked his friend: “ Do you go to school by
bus?”______________________________
3. I asked Mary: “ Can you use a
computer?”_______________________________________
4. Mr Ba said: “ Does your father live
here?”_______________________________________
5. “ Have you ever seen a tiger?”, Ha asked
me._____________________________________
6. “ Are you learning your lessons?”, the girl asked her
brother.________________________
7. “ Did he live with his grandfather?”, she asked me
.________________________________
8. “ Will you visit Dalat?”, she
said.______________________________________________
9. “ Have you learnt French for 6 years?”, she asked me
._____________________________
10.“ Did you come to the treather?”, she
said._______________________________________
11. “Will Ted and Alice be at the party?” She asked us
________________________________
12. “Did you study hard for the exam?” She asked
___________________________________
13. He asked me, “Do you like these
trousers?”______________________________________
14. Marry aske me, “ will you go to schoolnext
week?”________________________________
15. “ Have you seen this film before?” he asked

me___________________________________
16. “ Did you phone me yesterday?” Tom asked
Marry________________________________
17. “ Did you pass the exam, John?” The teacher
asked._______________________________
18. He said to me, “ Do you understand it
now?”_____________________________________
19. “ Are you hungry now?” she said to
me_________________________________________
III. Commands:
Put the following sentences into Reported Speech
1. John said to me: “ Bring me a
book.”____________________________________________
2. Mary said to him :“ Give me your
book.”_________________________________________
3. The boys said to his mother :“ Close the door for
me.”______________________________
4. He said to her: “ Come to dinner with
me.”______________________________________
5. The workers said : “Cook it in
butter.”__________________________________________
6. The man said to me: “ Pull as hard as you
can.”____________________________________
7. My father said: “ Do your homework,
dear.”______________________________________
8. They said to us: “ Wait there until we
come.”______________________________________
9. “ Don’t enter this area.” The police
ordered.______________________________________
10. Mai said: “ Wash these

dishes”________________________________________________
12. John said to me: “ Don’t open your
book.”_______________________________________
13. Mary said to him :“ Don’t play
games.”_________________________________________
14. His mother said to him:“ Don’t leave your hat on my
bed.”__________________________
15. The man said : “Don’t make him
angry.”_______________________________________
16. The workers said : “Don’t touch this
one.”______________________________________
17. The man said to me: “ Don’t make noise
here.”___________________________________
18. Mai said: “ Don’t use my
car”_______________________________________________
19. “ Don’t be a baby.”, Nam said to
her.___________________________________________
20. "Don't be late," he advised
us_________________________________________________
21. "Don't be angry with me," he
said._____________________________________________
22. “Leave me alone," she
said.___________________________________________________
23. "Don't drink and drive," she warned
us._________________________________________
24. "Meet me at the cinema." he
said.______________________________________________
25. The doctor said to me, “You should lose weight.”
The doctor advised me
______________________________________________________

26. Mary said, “Let’s go to a movie.”
Mary suggested
____________________________________________________________
27. “I didn’t break the windows”, Bill said.
Bill denied
_____________________________________________________________
__.
28. “You told a lie, Tom”, she said.
She accused Tom
__________________________________________________________
29. “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening, Jack”, said Mary.
Mary apologized
for________________________________________________________
30. Joe said, “Please come to my party.”
Joe
invited_______________________________________________________
________
31. “Are you the new manager, Daisy? Congratulations!” said Billy.
Bill congratulated
_________________________________________________________
32. “Please give me some more money, Mum,” Daisy said.
Daisy insisted her mother
___________________________________________________.
CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWERS
1. “ Don’t be late again!” she said.
A. She promised me not to be late again. B. She said me not to be
late agai
C. She asked me not to be late again. D. She agreed not to be
late again.
2. “ Remember to lock the door!” my mother said.

A. My mother reminded me remembering to lock the door.
B. My mother reminded me to remember to lock the door.
C. My mother reminded me locking the door.
D. My mother reminded me to lock the door.
3. “ If I were you, I would help him,” he said.
A. He said me to help him. C. He wanted to help
him
B. He advised me to help him. D. He promised to help
him
4. “ Let me open the door for you, “ she said to me.
A. She offered to open the door for me. B. She offered to open
the door for you.
C. She invited to open the door for me. D. She invited to open
the door for you.
5. She said “I’m sorry I didn’t reply to the letter.”
A. She apologized for didn’t reply to the letter.
B. She apologized for not to reply to the letter.
C. She apologized for not to replying to the letter.
D. She apologized for not replying to the letter.
6. “ I bought these books last week”.
A. He said he bought these books last week.
B. He said he had bought these books last week.
C. He said he had bought these books the week before.
D. He said he bought these books the week before.
7. “ Did they tell you when they left?” she said to me.
A. She asked me if they told me when they left.
B. She asked me if they told me when they had left.
C. She asked me if they had told me when they left.
D. She asked me if they had told me when they had left.
8. Rosa asked Jose, "Have you been studying English very long?"

A. Rosa asked Jose when do you study English
B. Rosa asked Jose if he had studied English.
C. Rosa asked Jose if he had been studying English very long.
D. Rosa asked Jose if he was studying English very long.
9. The teacher said, "Study chapters 1-4 for the final test!"
A. The teacher told us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test.
B. The teacher asked us if we studied chapters 1-4 for the final test.
C. The teacher said us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test.
D. The teacher asked to us to study chapters 1-4 for the final test.
10. “Whose composition haven’t we heard yet?”
The teacher asked us to tell her
a. whose composition we haven’t heard yet. b. whose composition we
hadn’t heard yet.
c. whose composition hadn’t we heard yet. d. whose composition we
hadn’t heard yet?
11. “You look beautiful in this dress.”
Last night she told me
a. you look beautiful in that dress. b. you looked beautiful in that
dress.
c. I’ll look beautiful in this dress. d. I looked beautiful in that dress.
12. “Hi, Bob. Did you take the job?”
Bob’s friend asked him
a. did he take the job b. whether you took the job.
c. if he had taken the job d. had he taken the job.
13. “How many people are there in your family?”
The interview asked me
a. how many people there were in your family.
b. how many people were there in your family.
c. how many people were there in my family.
d. how many people there were in my family.

14. “Don’t stay up late. You should go to bed early,” Peter told me.
a. Peter told me not to stay up late and promised to go to bed early.
b. Peter promised not to stay up late and told me to go to bed early.
c. Peter told me do not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early.
d. Peter told me not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early.
15. “I will bring you some food.” He said to me
a. He invited me to eat some food b. he offered to bring me some
food
c. He told me to bring some food d. he advise me to bring some
food
16. She asked me where …………………
A. do you live B. I lived C. do I live
D. did you live
17. My friend asked me ………… .
A. whether did I like B. I liked or not C. do you like
D. if I liked
18. He said to me, “Are you tired ?”
A. He told me if I was tired. B. He asked me if I was tired.
C. He asked me if I am tired. D. He asked me if I had been tired.
19. She asked me what ________ then.
A. I am doing B. I have been doing C. I was doing
D. I were doing
20. He told me he _______ very ill since the day before.
A. had been B.was C. would be
D. has been
21. Jack asked me _____.
A.where do you come from? B.where I came from
C.where I am from D.where did I come
from?
22. I wanted to know_____ return home.

A.when would she B. when will she C. when she will D. when
she would
23. Yesterday, Laura ______ him to put some shelves up.
A. asked B. is asking C. ask D. was
asked
24. I told you ______ to switch off the computer, didn’t I ?
A. don’t B. not C. not to D. to
not
25. “Where did you go last night, Nam?”, said Hoa
A. Hoa said to Nam where had he gone the night before.
B. Hoa said to Nam where he had gone the night before.
C. Hoa told Nam where he had gone last night.
D. Hoa asked Nam where he had gone the night before.
26. My father asked me _____ of the film.
A. what do you think B. what I think C. what did you think D.
what I thought
27. He begged them _____________.
A. help him B. should help him C. to help him D.
help to him
28. She said that she there the year before.
A. went B. had gone C. would go D.
goes
29. Peter asked Jane why the film on T.V the previous night.
A. didn’t she watch B. hadn’t she watched

C. she doesn’t watch D. she hadn’t watched
30. He advised them in class.
A. to not talk B. not to talk C. to talk not D.
don’t talk
31. Tom said that New York _______ more lively than London.

A. is B. be C. was D.
were
•
Find the mistakes and correct.
1. The secretary said me that I would receive the letter from him.
A B C D
2. They asked him washing the glassware carefully in the laboratory
A B C D
3. Her doctor advised her stay out of crowds .
A B C D
4. They said that they had a lift but very often it doesn’t work .
A B C D
5. He asked them what time did the plane arrived.
A B C D
6. They said that they went to the supermarket before coming home.
A B C D
7. My little sister suggested to go to the beach for a change.
A B C D
8. Her father prevented her not to use his car.
A B C D