Ly thuyet va bai tap unit 13 Anh 8

UNIT 13 FESTIVALS
Grammar:
1. COMPOUND WORDS WITH noun – V-ing
Hãy nhận xét cách thành lập tính từ ghép trong ví dụ sau:
- The people who love peace => The peace-loving people
- The story that breaks our heart => The heart-breaking story.
Hãy nhận xét cách thành lập danh từ ghép trong ví dụ sau:
- Stamp collecting
- Window shopping
Danh từ ghép có thể được thành lập bởi sự kết hợp giữa một danh từ với một danh động từ.
Noun + gerund = compound noun
Ex:
Noun
rice
water
fire
lorry
clothes
Gerund
cooking
fetching
making
driving
washing
Compound noun
rice-cooking
water-fetching
fire-making
lorry-driving
clothes washing
2. Causative form (Thể sai khiến)

Subject + have + Object (person) + bare -infinitive
Nhờ ai / bảo ai làm gì
Ex: I had my father repair my bicycle yesterday.
She will have her son take her to the airport.
3. REPORTED SPEECH
*Direct – reported speech: (Câu trực tiếp- Câu gián tiếp)
+Câu trực tiếp: là câu nói được thuật lại đúng nguyên văn lời của người nói.
VD:Tom said, “I like reading books”.
Note: câu trực tiếp được viết trong ngoặc kép, và ngăn cách với mệnh đề tường thuật bởi dấu
phẩy.
+Câu gián tiếp: là lời nói được thuật lại với ý và từ của người thuật nhưng vẫn giữ nguyên ý.
VD: Tom said he liked reading books.
Note: Câu gián tiếp không bị ngăn cách bởi dấu phẩy, dấu ngoặc kép và luôn tận cùng bằng dấu
chấm.
*Câu trực tiếp và câu gián tiếp bao giờ cũng gồm hai phần:
-Câu tường thuật/ mệnh đề tường thuật.
-Câu trực tiếp hay câu gián tiếp.

Tom said, “I like reading books”.
MĐ tường thuật câu trực tiếp

Tom said he liked reading books.
MĐ tường thuật câu gián tiếp
1
*Những thay đổi khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp :
-Đổi ngôi, đổi thì, từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn theo quy tắc.
1-Đổi ngôi:
-Ngôi thứ nhất: I, me, my, mine, myself, we, us, our, ours, ourselves được đổi theo ngôi của chủ
ngữ ở mệnh đề tường thuật.
Tom said, “I like reading books”.

> Tom said he liked reading books.
-Ngôi thứ 2: you, yours, your, yourself, yourselves được đổi theo ngôi của tân ngữ của mệnh đề
tường thuật.
He said to me, “You can take my book”.
> He said to me (that) I could take his book”.
Ngôi thứ 2 được đổi thành ngôi thứ 3 nếu mệnh đề tường thuật không có tân ngữ.
He said, “You can take my book”.
> He said she could take his book”.
-Ngôi thứ ba: he, him, his, himself, they, them, their, theirs, themselves giữ nguyên
VD: Mai said, “They can’t finish their homework”.
> Mai said they couldn’t finish their homework”.
2-Đổi thì:
Khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp ta phải lùi 1 thì :
Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
+Hiện tại đơn
+Hiện tại tiếp diễn
+Quá khứ đơn
+Hiện tại hoàn thành
+Quá khứ tiếp diễn
+Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn.
+Tương lai thường: Will/ shall
+Tương lai hoàn thành
+Qúa khứ hoàn thành
+Các câu điều kiện
+ Is/am/are going to do
+ Can/may/must do
>Quá khứ đơn
>Quá khứ tiếp diễn
>Quá khứ hoàn thành
>Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn

>Tương lai trong quá khứ : Would/ should
>would/ could + have + V-pII…
> không đổi
> không đổi
- Was/were going to do
- Could/might/had to do
Hãy xem những ví dụ sau đây:
He does
He is doing
He has done
He has been doing
He did
He did
He was doing
He has done
He had been doing
He had done
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He was doing
He had done
He will do
He will be doing
He will have done
He may do
He may be doing
He can do
He can have done
He must do/have to do
He had been doing
He had done

He would do
He would be doing
He would have done
He might do
He might be doing
He could do
He could have done
He had to do
Các thay đổi khác:
Các đại từ nhân xưng và đại sở hữu khi chuyển từ lời nóitr ực tiếp sang lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi
như bảng sau:
ĐẠI TỪ CHỨC NĂNGTRỰC TIẾPGIÁN TIẾP
Đại từ
nhân xưng
Chủ ngữ I he, she
we they
you they
Tân ngữ me him, her
us them
you them
Đại từ
sở hữu
Phẩm định my his, her
our their
your their
Định danh mine his, her
ours theirs
yours theirs
3-Đổi từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn:
Trực tiếp Gián tiếp

This
These
Here
Now
Ago
Today
Tonight
Tomorrow
Yesterday
Last night/ week/ month/ year
Next week/ month/ year
So far / up to now
That
Those
There
Then/ at one/ immediately.
Before
That day
That night
The next/ following day.
The day before/ the previous day
The night/ week/ month/ year before hoặc the previous
night…
The following week/ month/ year.
-> Up to then
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*Các dạng câu trực tiếp chuyển sang câu gián tiếp:
1-Dạng câu trực tiếp là câu phát biểu:
*Cách chuyển:
-Lặp lại từ said/ say.

-Bỏ ngoặc kép, bỏ dấu phẩy thay bằng that.
-Thay đổi thì, từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn, ngôi cho phù hợp với nghĩa của câu (nếu có)
*Công thức:
Trực tiếp: S + said, “ Clause”
>Gián tiếp: S + said + (that) Clause (lùi thì)
VD: Lan said: “I am a student”.
>Lan said (that) she was a student.
2-Dạng câu trực tiếp là câu cầu khiến, câu mệnh lệnh:
*Cách chuyển:
-Đổi động từ say >tell, said >told, sau đó thêm tân ngữ vào sau nó.
-Bỏ dấu phẩy, dấu ngoặc kép, dấu chấm than, từ please (nếu có).
-Đổi đại từ nhân xưng, tính từ sở hữu, trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn (nếu cần thiết)
*Công thức:
+Khẳng định: Trực tiếp: S + say/ said, “V…”
>Gián tiếp: S + tell/ told + O + to + V…….
VD: She said, “Close the books, please!”
>She told the students to close the books.
+Phủ định: Trực tiếp: S + say/ said, “Don’t + V…”
>Gián tiếp: S + tell/ told + O + not + to + V…….
VD: She said, “Don’t sit down!”
>She told me not to sit down
II-practice:
I. Matching
Nấu cơm
Nhóm lửa
Lấy nước
Leo núi
Xây nhà
Cắm hoa
arranging- flowers

water- fetching
house - building
rice - cooking
fire - making
mountain - climbing
II. Match the following setences in column A and the use the words in the box to fill in the
suitable blanks in column B.
A B
1. Thank to the invention of the it is a
2. Don’t come near that animal because would you like to go on a with me to Da
Lat?
3. I want to make my shirt quickly women have to more free time to enjoy
themselves.
4. If you have enough free time, is very strong
5. Thailand Can I borrow your ?
III. Do the following crossword. Look at the clues to help you.
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Across:
a. An something we use to control the temperature and humidity of the air
in the room.
b. A machine: this machine hepls us to make our clothes.
Down:
c. A machine: we use it to wash clothes.
d. A teacher: a person whose job is to teach how to dance.
e. A tiger is a animal.
f. A tour: a tour on which people visit beautiful places and admire the
landscape.
g. A contest: people cook rice in this contest.
IV. Chon đáp án đúng:
1) He said to her, “Give up smoking!”

A. He told her to give up smoking. B. He told her not to give up smoking.
C. He told her if she gave up smoking. D. He told her to giving up smoke.
2) He told them, “Don't tell me such a nonsense!”
A. He told them not to tell him such a nonsense. B. He told them to tell him such a
nonsense.
C. He told them not to tell them such a nonsense. D. He told them to tell them such a nonsense.
3) Will and Tim said, “ We were very happy about the present.”
 Will and Tim said they ____ very happy about the present.
A. had been B. been C. were D. were
being
4) Sarah said, “ My Mom takes me to school every day.”
A. Sarah said her Mom took her to school every day.
B. Sarah said her Mom takes her to school every day.
C. Sarah said my Mom took her to school every day.
D. Sarah said her Mom takes me to school every day.
5) Helen said, “ I’m watching the late night show.”
Helen said ____ the late night show.
A. they were watching B. you watched C. she was watching D. Helen is watching
V. Imperatives : Mệnh lệnh
Direct speech Indirect speech
Affirmative
Imperative
khẳng định
V
1
+ ……
Mike said to Henry, “Give me my
book back, please.”
S+ told / asked B + to + V
1

+ ……
Mike told Mary to give him his book back.
Negative
Imperative
phủ định
Don’t + V
1
+ ……
"Don't play on the grass, boys,"
she said.
S+ told / asked B + not + to + V
1
+ ……
She asks the boys not to play on the grass.
B. Practice:
I. Change into reported speech: (Affirmative Imperatives: )
He said to me:” Let’s go to the zoo.”
→ ………………………… …………………………………………………
She said to the passer-by:” go straight ahead for two blocks and turn left.”
→ ………………………… …………………………
She said to her classmate:” Be quiet, please!”
→ …………………………
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The teacher said to his student:” Write these sentences.”
→ ………………………… ……………………………
She said to me:” behave to your parents as your friend tells you.”
→ ………………………… …
He said to us, "Run more quickly."
→ He ………………………… …………………
The mother said to her son, “ move here, please.”

→ The mother ………………………… ………………
My sister said to me, “ Open the window.”
→ My sister ………………………… ………
II. Change into reported speech: Negative Imperatives:
1. He said to me:” Don’t make a noise.”
→ ………………………… ………………………………………………
She said to the passer-by:” Don’t turn left at the two blocks ahead.”
→ ………………………… …………………………
She said to her classmate:” Don’t talk in class.”
→ ………………………… …………………………………
The teacher said to his student:” Don’t touch that new board.”
→ ………………………… …………………………………
She said to me:” Don’t believe everything your friend tells you.”
→ ………………………… ……………
He said to us, "Don't go too far."
→ He ………………………… ……
The mother said to her son, “ Don’t put off your coat, please.”
→ The mother ………………………… …………
My sister said to me, “Don’t open the window.”
→ My sister ………………………… …
VI. Questions in indirect speech
Direct speech Indirect speech
1. Yes / No questions
1. “Do you know My Son, Nga?” Nhi
asked.
2. “Is My Son far from Hanoi? Nhi asked.
3. He said, “Will you be here tomorrow?”
4. “Is there a post office near here?” she
asked me.
1. S+ asked B + if / whether + S + V

2
+ ……
= Nhi asked Nga if/ whether she knew My Son.
= Nhi asked Nga if/ whether My Son was far from Hanoi.
= He asked if/ whether she would be there the next day.
= She asked me if/ whether there was a post office near
there.
2. Wh_questions
1. He said, “Where is she going?”
2. He said, “Where does she live?”
3. “Who lives next door?”
2. S+ asked B + Wh- / How + S + V
2
+ ……
= He asked where she was going.
= He asked where she lived.
= He asked who lived next door.
B. Practice:
I. Change into reported speech: (Wh- / How questions: )
1. “Where are you going?” Lan asked.
 Lan asked me………………………… ……
2. “How far is it from HCM to Vung Tau?” A tourist asked.
 A tourist asked me………………………… ………
3. “How many people are there in your family?”
 She asked Hoa………………………… …
4. “How do you go to the airport?”
 His friend asked him………………………… ……………
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5. “Where do you learn English?”
 She asked Lan…………………………

6. “What aspect of learning English do the students find most difficult?”
 The teacher asked me………………………… ………
7. “What time do schools begin?”
 He asked………………………… …………………
8. “How long will you stay in England?”
 Tam’s friend asked him…………………………
9. “What do you think about language learning?”
 Ba asked his sister………………………… ……
10. “Why is she crying?”
 Thu asked Hoa………………………… …
II. Change into reported speech: (Yes / No questions: )
1. “Do you like sports?”
 Hoa asked Lan………………………… ………
2. “Does Hoa play soccer?”
 Lan asked Thu…………………………
3. “Will it rain tomorrow morning?”
 She asked her friend…………………………
4. “Are Tam and Hoa late for class?”
 Tuan asked Lan…………………………
5. “Do you need an umbrella to go out?”  He asked me…………………………
6. “Have you worked here before?” She said to him
……………………………………………………………………………………………
1. “Do you have to work on Saturday?” she said to him
.…………………………………………………………………………………………
2. “Does your room have a window?” she asked
.…………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Would it be alright if I had the day off?” she said to her boss.
.…………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Can you borrow your pen please, HA? She asked
.…………………………………………………………………………………………

5. he asked me “Why didn’t you come to class yesterday?”
.…………………………………………………………………………………………
6. “Do you know where my tennis racquet is, Mum?” she asked her Mum.
.…………………………………………………………………………………………
7. “Was Ha at work yesterday?” she her secretary
.…………………………………………………………………………………………
8. “Were your children at home last night?” he said.
.…………………………………………………………………………………………
9. “Did you read the article about Prince Diana?” she asked him
.…………………………………………………………………………………………
VII. Change into reported speech:
1. She said:” I can’t find my umbrella.”
→ ………………………………………………………………………
2. Tom said:” My friend is coming next week.”
→ …………… …………………………………………………
3. We said:” We shall overcome this difficulty.”
→ ……………………… ……………………………………………………………
4. The boy said to the neighbor:” I’m going on holiday tomorrow.”
→ ………………… …………………………………………………………………
5. The teacher said to his class:” You will have to finish all these exercises before next week.”
→ ……………………………………………………………………………
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6. Peter said:” I enjoy looking at myself in the mirror.”
→ …………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Nam said “I am told to be at school before 7 o’clock.”
 Nam said………………………… ……………………………………………………
8. Lan said “I will be very busy tomorrow.”
 Lan said……………………………………………………………………………
9. Thu said “All the students will have a meeting next week.”
 Thu said………………………………………………………………………………

10. Phong said “My parents are very proud of my good marks.”
 Phong said………………………… ………………………………………
VIII) A new student ,Paul, has come to a foreign language college and the students are asking
him questions .
Imagine that he reports these questions later to an English friend .
1) “What country do you come from?” said Bill
Bill asked
2) “Can you speak English ? said Ann.
Ann
3) “ How long are you staying here ? “ asked Peter .
Peter
4) “ Are you working as well as studying ? “ said Linda.
Linda
5“What are you going to studying ?” asked Ann.
Ann
6) “Do you want to buy any second hand books ? “ said Bill.
Bill
7)” What kind of sports do you like best ?” asked Peter.
Peter
8) “ Are you interested in acting? “ said Linda .
Linda
9) “ Do you like to join our Drama group?” asked Linda
Linda
10) “ What do you think of the canteen coffee ?”asked Ann .
Ann
IX. Rewrite these sentences:
1. Minh said:” Please buy me a new book, Mom.”

2. Hoa said to her brother:” Please help me with my homework.”

3. I said: “Open your book , please,Miss Nga.”

4. Mr An said:” Please don’t make noise in class, Tom.”

5. “ Keep quiet during class time , Hoa” said Nam

6. He said :” Can you give me a pen , Tom.”

7. “Can you help me with my homework tomorrow? Hoa” Anh said

8. “ Can you turn off the TV , Marry” I said

9. “ Can you retell the story ,Hoa” Lan said

10. She asked Binh:” Could you show me the way to Hoi An ,please.”

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11. He said :’ Tan , you should practise speaking English everyday.”

12. She said :” We should read this sentence more carefully, Hung.”

13. “You should prepare your lesson before going to school, Na.” Tam said

14. He said: “ You should spend more time on your English, Miss Lien.”

15. Minh said:” You shouldn’t use your car too much time”
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
* Statements : Câu khẳng định
John said to me “I saw you yesterday”
-> Mary said to me that he had seen me the previous day

-> Mary told me that he had seen me the previous day
I . Complete the sentence the reported sentences
1. I do the task. -> He said he ……………………………………… the task.
2. I am doing the task . -> He said he ………………………………… the task.
3. I have done the task. -> He said he ……………………………… the task.
4. I did the task. -> He said he ……………………………………… the task.
5. I had done the task. -> He said he ……………………………………… the task.
6. I will do the task. -> He said he ……………………………………… the task.
7. I will be doing the task. -> He said he ……………………………………… the task.
8. I was doing the task-> He said he ……………………………………… the task.
9. I can do the task. -> He said he ……………………………………… the task.
10. I could do the task. -> He said he ……………………………………… the task.
11. I met her. -> She said she …………………………………… her
12. I can go now. -> He said he ……………………………… then
13. The girl looks familiar. -> I said the girl …………………………. familiar
14. Mary was watching TV now. -> She said Mary …………………………… TV then
15. They have left. -> She said that they ……………………………………………
16. She bought a new bicycle. -> He said she ………………………………… a new bicycle.
17. She would do that if she could -> I said she …………………… that if she
18. We are playing games. -> The children said they ………………………… games.
19. I had done that before yesterday afternoon. -> she said she ………………. The before
yesterday afternoon.
20. I don’t like her. ->He said he …………………………………… her.
21. I don’t know him. -> She said she …………………………………… him
22. I can help you. -> He said he ………………………………… me.
23. I haven’t finished my exercises -> he said that he ………………………… his exercises.
24. I will phone you later. -> He said he ……………………………………… her later.
25. I nust go now ->he said he ……………………………………… then.
II. Complete the sentences
1. I like you. -> She said to me she liked ……………………………

2. I love you -> He said to her he loved ……………………………….
3. I should go out. -> He said to them ………………………….
4. You should tell me the truth about the plan.
a. He told me to tell ……………… the truth about the plan
b. I advise you to tell ………………………. The truth about the plan.
5. Your house is nice but ours is nicer.
a. They said to me that ……………………. House was nice but ………………… was nicer
b. They said to her that …………… house was nice but ………………… was nicer
c. We said to them that ………………………… house was nice but ………… was nicer.
d. We said to him that ……………… house was nice but ………… was nicer
6. This is my son -> She said that was ……………………… son
7. You should go out -> He said to me …………………should go out
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8. You should go out -> She said to him ………………should go out
9. You should go out -> he said to her…………………should go out
10. You should go out -> she said to them…………………should go out.
III. Report the following STATEMENTS
1. The BBC announcer said “The new underpass is being officially opened tomorrow”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Miss Linda said “This is the first time I’ve been to this place”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. They said “We have a lift but very often it does not work”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. The builders explained “We like working on Sundays because we get doubled pay”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. They said “We live here in Marsden Street”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. The instructor said “We will have to finish the job”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. They said to us “We’re arriving at your house at nine”

………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Marry said “You can come and stay at my flat if you are ever in London.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. He said to me “You are looking much better”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. He said “Ann will be in Paris on Monday”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
11. He said “I can’t find my hat”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. He said “I’ll be using the car myself on the 24
th

………………………………………………………………………………………………
13. He said “I’m going to the cinema tomorrow”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
14. He said “I’m living in Paris now”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
15. He said “My wife has been made a judge”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
16. He said “She is coming this week”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
17. I said to him “Your car has been stolen”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
18. She said “My father died a year ago”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
19. She said “He couldn’t understand me well”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
20. She said to me “I’ll come as soon as I can”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
21. The soldiers said proundly “We’re willing to die for this country”

………………………………………………………………………………………………
22. They said “We’ll fight for peace until our last breath”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
23. She said “We were thinking of selling the house but we have decided not to”
………………………………………………………………………………………………
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