Tải bản đầy đủ (.doc) (64 trang)

Nghiên cứu, ứng dụng vi điều khiển PIC 16 –F877A, thiết kế hệ thống điều khiển, giám sát báo cháy, chống trộm cho xưởng thực hành điện – Trường Đại học Sao Đỏ

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 !"#$
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+,$())$'*(
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%(G(HI&)"$J"KL" ,)"<) #".:
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:..6-B
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+
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R+(eVBWZZ%Q
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R:;(".9/K$J"$$8"+4
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R%Z." ,)>9/K$J-BUO$)2t$0#0})92u)+Q
R%)(f'9/*)N() $8+Q
R%%V5 _"M)N(7"8"1)"(67"N()+W

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R%+9/K$JN() $8Z
R%9/K$J$g"<)8"1)
R%49/K$JOg$$8"~VmAZ%
R%:9/K$JK7Og$O[)`fkT{ZZZ%
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R+Z9/K$JOg$kT{ZZZ+
R%V5 _O1$8"1)K77fn1)"<,/
R%%V5 _/.)(_4
R%+V5 _/.$P"L:
R%V5 _/.)$"$J6UV%+%Q
R%V5 _/. $!(O$P"<()"`/W
R%4V5 _/.[)H(;"Z
R%:V5 _/.$K, $!(O$P"<()"`/%
R%Q2( _"(]""78"1)%
R%WA$$8 $!(O$P8"1)+

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D<)(,H1)>=)"(["_".$O(0•7fn'0$8v6 b"
8"1)K77fg"G/N("<)J"H*cg)$=6=)"67"$8
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0$8K77fN( $8)#f#)"<u'6MK$Jn)$=6=)"K$J" 235$
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{ˆ`f)6G*)n6G/!/ $!(O$P8"1)
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{)$'*(;("<=n"]68(eVBWZZ
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_)).$
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d2u)"# $8…D<2t).$V †
{]6"<R $!(O$P8"1)
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{)$'*(8"1) $!(O$Pn)$7/H7"K77fn1)"<,/
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01" 23''"%(&
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^Q::
{;("<=n"]68(eVBWZZ
{;("<=0#)(f'." ,)9/K$JK7Og$n9/K$J_)).$
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1)"<,/

4,25'676'"%(&

4'"%(& !""8&
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0!8"1)K77fn1)"<,/
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4#,25'676 '"8.
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N(7"<R $!(O$P0#)$7/H7"8"1)O$"f M$7"[)H1OŠ"(]"T$P/"<n
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"1)n 9/K9)(f'"v/)"‚6MK$J POJ"N(9")$8/ 23
O7N(Ds gn !< 23(‹0#625)"* 7)$78"1) $!(
O$P
4),25'676*" 9
DM*,$"9"eg/ P;fO$J>,$ _)OO0#7
)$70$'(f')# $!(O$P" ,)"<)O0#"<2t)
:;& <=> !"
u G(
Chương 1CDM)N(
Chương 2CD$J"OJ8"1)K77fn1)"<,/d2u)"# $8
…D<2t).$V †
Chương 3CD)$8/0#OJ"(]
D#$$8("/O9
4
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(1$"JOŒW0#\)a/ G(>"JOŒ%Z0$8 $!(O$P7"$J"KL
[))$86•)2`&)>fJ( 23"$8 $!(O$P*)"[)N(
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O[))8"<)•0" ,)g7"$J"KL $8"I[))$860#`
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6‹/n78"1)H9H(;"" ,)Žn"<)7)$ R" ,)g 23*)&)
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{D ,) $!(O$P$8" ,
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JK$JH96‹/"c$O$0#7L0&O7
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)$86n75Hu #".69$$P("L"<2t) ,)n #".\))R/#dƒ
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V<"<2t) !( 76*))f 23f'(G(>H9d(;"G(J"7V !( 23
""]6"<'7"$J"KL#"<2t) G("2/(Hv/b7O"$J"OJJ
".c$H123))#)! ) 23/u<,)2$8fnf'(G(0!"<)"$J"
KL#)"<u';6"$J"bK$8"u/,"H1Og(G(0!7"$J"KLn/[
R $!(O$P" ,)2O$8n$8"I{D$n5O‚nTD’"[
D(f$'0$8"<)KL\)"$J"KLn/[R" ,)OL6"t$n _)K,0c$
7)$86#0$8#/OgOa 1$0c$7"<2t)'#"<2t))#$

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:
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" ,)6}36)$9).fn)v0c$""JH9d(;"#/,"K2c $ =)n
/).$$8(N(9O$"J
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+,B!'QR
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"[)/$O9"<R‡ƒ)Aee<BH"<(/e" b""'0$ $!(O$P G("$'
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"#'Y)0$ $!(O$P-B)#ff
+#S"J <=>,B
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"<=e(/0#O$J"<=0<
Hình 1. 1. Kiến trúc Havard và kiến trúc Von-Neuman
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K$8")$\O$J"<=0<0#O$J"<={e(/#;("<=K,c\$8(0#K,
c25)"<R
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"<)/,"K,cn g"g"P"M*n` 1$/,"7$."K,c25)
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Q
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H1>Kf"eq\$8( 23"M*"#"s)Kf"erb $P/#f 23/$
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$!(O$P
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\$8(n-g"P})/,"="<(fd(;"9K,c25)"<R0#K,c\$8(n
)$=6"a)"1 ,dI‚>0$ $!(O$P');6 [$_)"t$;("<=8O[)Y
6&"(,0#;("<=\$8(\/#g"P$ ,) $!(p"}f"eO9a)
0#"1 ,>"s)0$ $!(O$P# P"$J6"&9$"$J"1 ,""$8n"]68
>0$ $!(O$P-B 23"$J"OJH$!(#$/ƒ8([1 Lq0‚&
1$0c$4^dddd$!(#$/ƒ8([#K$"r0#6•6""$8"<)
/,"(OR>d()Oq).$"<s/,"H1"<2t)36 bK$8"289fn8
)$25)"<RŽG$(ORd() _)_r$!(#fg)•"]68>
0$ $!(O$P"(,;("<=0<H•‚"85n)v5n 5)$95 P 76*)
f'(G(/ƒg8K‘)/,"H123)K$";" L
$ $!(O$P 23"M*"eO$J"<=0<Y 23)$#0$ $!(O$P
UBVqUe(eBH"<("$Ve"/6("e<rf0$ $!(O$Pg"]68<=")$
$!(O$P 23"$J"OJ"eO$J"<={e(/Y 23)$#0$ $!(O$P
BVq/6edBH"<("$Ve"/6("e<rf0$ $!(O$Pg"]686*".60R
/ƒ8>gO[)69$#/,"H11 L/#([#K,$H1>QK$"qKf"er
++,B,VBBA
`f‚#5JdI‚8>70$ $!(O$P-B,"(OR8>0$
$!(O$PH•K)_/d()O‚&"HI&)H$"<g"GH1”n"R
d()8H•g"GH1•q(OR8H•#(HrA$9HI"g/," .25)
"<R2H(C

l~ 
%l~^-lUDk
+ Vk–
kV^ -lUDnkBD+
$H"<("$—<eHHVk–
 `f"pK# JN($"<R0$ $!(O$PdI‚ .25)"<R"<'"[)N(
"s)(OR8F(7"<R"<'H• 23""$2H(C
W
Hình 1. 2. Cơ chế pipelining
{ DmZC 8
{ DmC""$8n 8%
{ Dm%C""$8%n 8+
{ Dm+C""$8+n 8
{ DmC0R8O[)69$#8H• 23""$"eN($"<R""$>
25)"<Rq8"$J6"e 23""$69$#8 G("$'".$KeVk–r
'(OR""$8#fp 23}) P 8 G("$'".$Ke
Vk–20]fg"Pde/'+G%(ORd()O P""$
{ DmC""$8 G("$'>Vk–0# 8"$J6"e>Vk–
F(7"<R#f 23"$8"25)"78"$J6"e>25)"<RD[)
"2t)n P""$/,"8n"G/,"(OR8 P)$8 gn0#/,"(OR
d()O\ P)$9$/ƒ0#""$8c$5J6$6e$$) 23"<RK#fu
"<'n/˜$8de/2p 23""$"<)/,"(OR81$0c$78/#
N(7"<R""$g#/"f M$)$7"<L")$-q-<)</("e<rG$(
OR8 P""$0R69$"$80$8)$8u Lp")$-p"c$V(
O$ ƒd7 L =)0L"<‚8"<)")$-n/˜$8pG/,"(OR8
P""$d)
+07W',B/!/""&O"P,B
7O‚$8(>0$ $!(O$P-BC
{ -B%ddddC ,#$8%K$"
{ -B4ddddC ,#$8K$"

{ -BQddddC ,#$84K$"
C-BgK,cX-Ulqpg4Q#XX-Ulr
^C-BgK,c™H
^C-BgK,c™H." ,)u $876";6
C"25)"2^n `f#O‚$8(•
k'. g/,"H10$ $8(O$PgO‚$8(dd^ddd#XX-UlnJ(g"'/\
u(1$#™Hq0‚&-B4^Q::#XX-UlnY-B4^Q::#™Hr
)#$<Yg"'//,"Y)0$ $!(O$P-B/c$#H-B
Z
$8"/6MK$J;"#70$ $!(O$P-Bƒ)$<$6H9d(;"
7/,"0$ $!(O$P-B6}36C
{ D<2cJ"G= JH1`>0$ $!(O$PG"$J"*)&)g
$!( 0$ $!(O$P-B0c$H123)`O7(n"]/‚g0$ $!(
O$PpgQ`n)#$<Yg70$ $!(O$P%QnZnnŽ`
{ G0$ $!(O$P-BgK,c™H Pg"P.6dg25)"<R
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Hš"<)0$ $!(O$Pn7(‹)$"$J6K'"<)
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Hình 1. 3. Vi điều khiển PIC16F877A/PIC16F874A và các dạng sơ đồ chân

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1.5.2. Sơ đồ khối và chức năng các khối
Hình 1. 4. Sơ đồ khối vi điều khiển PIC16F877A.
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{ T1$K,c*\$8(X-Ul…"X-Ul
{ T1$K,c™$e")$U…U™$eUe)$H"e<
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{ T1$")$ bK$8"
{ T1$).$0$"$/e<
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{ T1$76<"d(;"]6
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Hình 1.5. Sơ đồ chân và chức năng các chân
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4%-lUDk

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4+-lUD
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4-lUD
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4-lUDX
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