the differences between pre-coded and open-ended quétin

Welcome to our
presentation

Members of our group
•
Dang Thi Phuong
•
Hoang Thi Mui
•
Ma Thi Hanh
•
Pham thi Ngoc Yen
•
Tran Thi No

Question14
•
What is the difference
between pre-coded and
open-ended questions?
•
What are the principles
of coding them?

The differences
between pre-coded
and open-coded
questions

Open-ended questions Pre-coded or closed

questions
•
The interviewer asks a
questions without any prompting
of the range of answers to be
expected, and writes down the
respondent ‘s reply word for word
 Eg: Asking the respondents
to state any five aspects of the
job that they find very interesting
and challenging in jobs
The respondent is offered a
range of answers , or option ,
to choose from

 Eg: The researchers might
list 10 or 15 aspects that
might seem interesting or
challenging in jobs and ask
the respondents to rank the
first five among these in order
of their preference.
.

•
Require “probes”from
the interviewer to
elaborate or continue
the discussion.
•Provide the

reseacher with a rich
array of information.
•Enable respondent to
give their general
reactions to the
questions.
•
Help the respondent to
make quick decisions to
choose among several
alternatives before them.
•Often provide cruder
and less subtle
information.
•Have loss of spontaneity
and expressiveness.

•
The problem of open-
ended questions is
interview bias.
•The coding and data-
entry process is
greatly simplified.
•
Because the option of
expounding on the topic
isn’t given to a
respondent, there is no
bias toward the articulate.

•
The coding and data-
entry process is complex.

The principles of coding questions
•
Coding involves
converting questionaire
answers to numbers
•
The coding process is
straighforward , with
each question being
given a column and each
answer a single numeric
code in the table.

•
Pre coded or closed questions.–
Eg: what sort of trip do you use
the bus for?
a.Going to work
b.Going to school /college
/university
c.Shopping
d.Visiting friends/ relatives
e.Leisure
f.Other personal business( e.g.
visites the doctor)
For this example a column is

reserved for each answer
category because one respondent
can give than one answer.
In all other questions only one
answer is possible, so only one
column is allocated. ( examples
in the table 7.1)

•
Open- ended questions
One approach is simply to
write down all the answers as
they are given by the
respondents.
It would propably be useful
to group the answer in some
ways
Eg: Answers which are very
opposed to the closure of the
bus services would be group
together, while those that
expressed concerns about ,say
,safety might be put
together in another group.

•
Second approach is to group the
answers and give them a code.
Eg : what is your opinion on
the proposed withdrawal of the

No.66 bus service?

Response Code
•
Very opposed to removal of bus service
•
Moderately opposed to removal of bus
service
•
Not concerned/ in favour
Code 1
Code 2
Code 3