Hướng dẫn viết đoạn văn tiếng anh 2015

CÁCH VIẾT MỘT ĐOẠN VĂN TIẾNG ANH
Paragraph Template - Bố cục của đoạn văn: Một đoạn văn gồm 3 phần chính là
1. Topic sentence: câu chủ đề - nêu vấn đề
2. Supporting sentences: các câu phát triển ý - là những câu nêu ý chính,diễn giải,giải quyết vấn đề đã
nêu ở câu chủ đề
3. Conclusion: câu kết: rút ra kết luận/bài học/biện pháp/giải pháp về chủ đề đã nêu.
NOTE: Tuỳ đề bài yêu cầu viết số lượng từ mà số lượng câu phát triển ý ít hay nhiều
A 120-150-word paragraph includes:
- Topic sentence
- supporting idea 1, ______, _______ (3 sent) gồm 1 câu nêu ý chính, 2 câu ví dụ/ giải thích
- supporting idea 2, ______, _______(3 sent)
- supporting idea 3, ______, _______(3 sent)
- Conclusion
Các Bước Thực Hiện
B1: Sau đó ta phát thảo nhanh ý tưởng – liệt kê tất cả các ý tưởng lien quan đến đề bài càng nhiều
càng tốt
Topic: Liệt kê ý Bổ sung ý (
Computers
- advantages
- benefits
- important/good
- listen to music
- play games
- chat with friends/relatives
- make friends
- get/search information
- study
- work
-after studying/working hard, feel tired/stress
- all over the world through a computer linked
the internet

- if you want to know about……
- do exercises, check the answers,
- save ,edit, reuse document easily and quickly
B2: sắp xếp các ý trên thành 3 ý chính, nhóm lại thành từng đề mục
Câu chủ đề As you know nobody can deny the benefits of the computers in our modern life. In
deed, the computers bring us the following benefits.
Câu phát
triển ý
dangers and
troubles
First of all, computer helps us enlarge
our knowledge.
ví dụ / giải thích ý
The second benefit is that computer
brings people in the world closer and
closer. (help us to communicate with
everyone in the world)
ví dụ / giải thích ý
Last but not least is it makes our work
and studying become faster and more
convenient.
ví dụ / giải thích ý
Câu kết To sum up, computer is such a really important device with many benefits that
every one wants to own one.
Linking words: các từ nối
Mục đích Từ, cụm từ chuyển ý/liên kết ý
Thêm ý
first, second, third, also, then, next, in addition, moreover,
furthermore, beside, additionally.
So sánh ý này giống với ý khác

both…and, not only…but also, also, too, in the same way,
similarly, likewise, in like manner, either…or
Đối lập ý này với ý khác
however, on the other hand, nevertheless, yet, on the one hand, in
contrast, to the contrary, unlike, on the contrary.
Đưa ví dụ
for example, for instance, as an illustration, to illustrate, in
particular, in general.
writing 1
Nhấn mạnh ý in fact, in deed, above all, especially, surely, most importantly
Thừa nhận một ý nào đó
no doubt, granted, certainly, of course, surely, naturally, although
this may be true.
Làm rõ ý perhaps, probably, for the most part
Đưa ra hậu quả, kết quả
therefore, as a result, for this reason, because of this, thus,
indeed, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a consequence.
Diễn đạt thời gian
to begin with, before, finally, then, now, later, in the past, until
now, meanwhile, afterwards, at the same time, subsequently,
previously, at last, at present, briefly, currently, eventually,
gradually, immediately, in the future, suddenly, earlier, formerly,
shortly, at that time, in the meantime.
Diễn đạt mối quan hệ không gian
here, above, below, further, there, inside, outside, nearby, next
to, on the far side, to the east (north, south, or west), behind, in
the background, opposite to, to the right, to the left.
Tóm gọn ý
to sum up, in conclusion, finally, in brief, overall, all in all, in
other words, lastly, on the whole, in sum, to conclude,

consequently, eventually.
Một Số Cách vô đề bài
A/ cách vô đề bài chung về thuận lợi, bất lợi, nêu ý kiến quan điểm, nêu lý do, đồng ý, không đồng ý
(benefit/ advantage/ good/ important/ agree/ idea/ opinion/ reason/ why )
 phải xác định kỹ ý đề yêu cầu làm gì . đề cho ý khẳng hay phủ mình ủng hộ cái nào
Ex1: describe the disadvantages or advantages of a big family. Write your answers on the provided answer
sheet.
Many people believe that living in a big family has a lot of advantages whereas the others disagree with
this. In my opinion, I support the first idea because of the following reasons. First of all, …….
The second reason is that …… . Last but not least is…… To sum up, …….
Ex2: Within about 120 to 150 words, state some advantages of the internet
Many people believe that The internet has a lot of advantages whereas the others disagree with this. In
my opinion, I support the first idea because of the following reasons. First of all, …….
The second reason is that …… . Last but not least is…… To sum up, …….
viết về ý kiến, quan điểm, đồng ý, không đồng ý ( idea, opinion, agree, disagree, which do you prefer, )
ex3: Nowadays, teenagers have jobs while they are still students. Do you think this is a good idea?
Support your opinion by using specific reasons and details.
Many people believe that it is good for teenagers to have jobs while they are still students
while/whereas the others disagree. In my opinion, I support the first ideas because of the following
reasons.
Ex4- Married women shouldn’t go to work. Do you agree or disagree. State your ideas
Many people believe that Married women shouldn’t go to work while/whereas the others
disagree. In my opinion, I support the second ideas because of the following reasons. First,…………. .
Second, ………. .
Ex5 / Why is it necessary to learn English?
Many people believe that it is necessary to learn English for some reasons. First,…………. .
Second, ………. .
B/ Một số mẫu thường dùng (nếu không muốn dùng mẫu trên)
B.1 - Đề bài cho liên quan đến thuận lợi của các phương tiện giải trí, phương tiện lấy thông tin
kiến thức : Book/TV/computer/Music/internet…

writing 2
1/ Within about 120 to 150 words, state some advantages of the internet
2 / Within about 120 to 150 words, state some advantages music can bring to our life. Write your answers on
the provided answer sheet.
3/ Write a paragraph to discuss the advantages of television.
Mở đầu bài
a/ As you know nobody can deny the benefits of the internet in our modern life. In deed, the internet
brings us the following benefits.
b/ Television is one of the most popular sources of communication. In fact, it brings us the following
benefits.
c/ TV is /books are a wonderful source of knowledge and pleasure so watching Tv /reading books /
Surfing the internet brings us many advantages. First of all, watching TV help us know news about
our country and other countries in the world. For example, we can get information about traffic, weather,
economic. The second advantage of watching TV is we can relax . In fact, after studying hard, we can
watch our favourite programes such as MTV, comic, music….Finally, TV is available, cheap and
convenient device . We can buy it easily and put it anywhere in our house . To sum up, TV brings us
many benefits that other device can’t do.
4/ Why are good books considered good teachers and friends?
Books in the home are a wonderful source of knowledge and pleasure . Good books are
considered good teachers and friends for some reasons.
B.2 / Disadvantage of the internet – bất lợi của internet
Nobody can deny that the internet brings us a lot of advantages. However, it also gives us lots of disadvantages
C – Đề bài cho về các phương pháp,biện pháp, cách thức thực hiện một vấn đề gì đó (ways/
measures/ methods/ solutions )
1/ Write a paragraph about measures for protecting endangered animals. Write your answers on the
provided answer sheet.
(- Write a paragraph (120-150 words) suggest possible solutions that should be taken to protect wildlife
from extinction.
- Within about 120 to 150, suggest ways to protect wild animals and your responsibilities of the rare animals’
extinction. Write your answers on the provided answer sheet. )

2/ Write a paragraph (120-150 words) suggest possible solutions that should be taken to reduce the
pollution
3/ Within about 120 to 150, suggest ways to study English effectively
4/ What should we do to keep fit and stay healthy?
 1/ There are a number of measures that should be taken to protect endangered animals. Firstly,
2/ There are a number of solutions to reduce the pollution. For me, there are 3 things that should be done
to deal with this problem.
3/ There are a number of ways to study English . Each person has their own ways to do this. For me,
there are 3 things I am doing to study English effectively.
4/ There are a number of ways to keep fit and stay healthy. Each person has their own ways to do this.
For me, there are 3 things I am doing to stay healthy and prepared for those life challenges.
D – Describe something you like (best ) Within about 120 to 150, describe a film/ book/ friend/ holiday/
subject that you like best.
Among the books I have read, I like reading Doremon best . It was written by Fujiko Fujio .
Among the subjects I have studied at school, I like studying English best because of the
following reasons.
Ex1: describe a book that you like best.
I would like to introduce you Frankenstein, a horror story. It was written by Marry Shelley in 1818. A
student from Geneva, Frankenstein, collects bones and bodies from graveyards, and constructs a creature
which is more like a monster than a man. People are frightened of it. The poor monster feels lonely and
depressed because he has no friends, so it asks Frankenstein to make it a wife. He refused to do this.
writing 3
Then the monster attacks and kills Frankenstein’s friend and his brother. Frankenstein is heart broken
and is determined to kill the monster. However, he is killed first by the monster, and then it kills itself.
Frankenstein is really an interesting story due to the strange character of the monster.
Ex2: write a description of one of the popular celebrations in Vietnam
You may write about:
- name of the festival
- time of the festival
- purpose of the festival

- main activities of the festival
- your feeling about the festival
Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most popular celebrations in Vietnam. It falls ( is held / is
celebrated ) on the 14th day of the 8th lunar month every year. It’s the time when Vietnamese people
celebrate the largest full moon in the year. On this day, children have parties with special cakes and lots
of fruits. They also parade in the street with their beautiful lanterns, which come in all shapes and sizes.
Adults sit outdoors, drinking tea, having moon cakes and admiring the fullest and roundest moon. I
myself enjoy this festival very much because it’s a great time for not only children but also adults.
Tet holiday is one of the most popular celebrations in Vietnam. It often runs from January
to February. …
TOPIC: Write a letter to a pen-pal to talk about a person who has great influence on you.
……………………., March 26
th
, 2015
Dear Linda,
I am sorry for not writing to you for so long, but you know we are all busy with preparing for the
coming GCSE. I am writing today to tell you about my greatest ever idol who has great influence on me.
Everyone has his variety of acquaintances, friends, relatives, teachers, or partners among whom
one may have the one that creates greatest ever impression on him. For me, I must say that my life
would not have been as good as it is today if I did not meet Mr. Jimmy. It happened to me when I was a
lower secondary student. I remember well that I was a very bad boy at that time. I always got bad marks
for school subjects as well as I got fined daily. My teachers got very disappointed, my parents felt
ashamed as I was very often mentioned as a bad example at school. My classmates found ways to keep
away from me. I felt so lonely and hopeless. Then Mr. Jimmy, my new Maths teacher appeared. After
having had a talk with me and my parents, he agreed to be my private tutor. It was so strange that he did
not teach me lessons right away, he made ways to be my friend instead. He spared time to get to know
my difficulties, helped me to gain me confidence, let me believe in what I could do. Gradually, I realized
what to do, how to do. He encouraged me when I felt tired, lonely or daunted. He gave me belief and
strength to stand right on my own feet. Finally, I got to know the meaning of life.
To tell the truth, I feel so happy to have a great teacher like Mr. Jimmy. I really hope that you

will spare time to let me know about your idols in life. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Love,
Tom.
TOPIC: Write about the formal school education system in Vietnam.
The current formal school education system in Vietnam, as we all know, consists of three levels;
pre-school, primary and secondary educations. Secondary education is divided into lower and upper
stage. Now, in some provinces especially in cities, there are two parallel school systems in pre-school,
primary or even secondary education; state and private schools. Tuition fees are different very much
from state to private schools. In both systems, the academic year, from early September to late May, is
divided into two semesters consisting of four to five months each.
Children usually start their pre-school at the age of three, when they go to the nurseries but this
stage is not compulsory. When children reach the age of six, they must go to primary schools. The
primary education lasts five years with 5 grades; from grade 1 to grade 5. After having finished primary
education, children can go to lower secondary schools from grade 6 to grade 9. Children who complete
lower secondary may be accepted to upper secondary schools which last three years with 3 grades; ten to
twelve. It depends on the locality that children have to take the entrance examination to be upper
secondary students. Children finish the school education when they finish grade 12. Often, at the end of
writing 4
upper secondary education, student have to take the General Certificate of Secondary Education
(GCSE), the requirement to go to university or college, The GCSE used to take place in early June, but
this year in early July.
TOPIC: Write a letter of request to UCAS to ask for information about the admission requirements
to the university.
475/57 Le Thanh Ton St. District 1
Ho Chi Minh City
March 15
th
, 2008
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’ve read a lot about tertiary study in the UK and very impressed by the reputation of many famous

universities there. I am writing now to apply for the course and to ask for the admission requirements to
the university.
Now, I am in the last year of the high school and will finish secondary education in 3 months. I am very
much interested in an undergraduate course in economics in Birmingham University. At school I have
learnt English for 7 years now, and my English is good enough to communicate with English speaking
residents. Moreover, I am rather good at natural science subjects, and I am also very much interested in
social activities. My family income is absolutely good enough to pay for my life and study abroad, too. I
have good health and am willing to live on my own. What my family and I want to know now is the
detailed admission requirements to the university and the degrees I will be granted after finishing the
course. Could you please send me some information about the admission requirements, tuitions fees,
accommodation and details of the course? I am ready to supply any information about myself if
necessary.
I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours faithfully,
Hoang Thanh Nam.
TOPIC: Write a letter to Vinatour, applying for the job mentioned in the advertisement in a
newspaper.
Flat
3,324,
Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Hanoi
October 16
th
, 2014
Hanoi Vinatour
250, Nguyen Du Street, Hanoi
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing in reply to your advertisement in the Vietnam News for experienced English-speaking local
guides to accompany foreign visitors on trips throughout Vietnam. To tell the truth, I am very much
interested in the post and hope to get it.
After reading the requirement for applicants, I can say by sure that I meet all of the qualifications that

you specify. I was awarded High School Certificate two years ago with flying colours. After leaving
high school, I worked as an accountant in a small travel agency for one year, where I was given a
training course on tourism. Then I had one year of experience as a tour guide so I know many tourist
areas in Vietnam arid have a basic knowledge of Vietnamese culture, history, geography and the people.
Moreover, I was a good student at English at school and achieved some prizes for English-speaking and
English-in-use contests, so I can say that I speak English fluently and be able to communicate
effectively with English speaking partners. In addition, I am a sociable and confident person and can
work hard for long hours. I would like to work for you and would appreciate the opportunity to discuss
this position with you in person.
I am looking forward to hearing from you at your convenience.
Yours faithfully,
Nguyen Quoc Anh
TOPIC: Write an essay to express you wish to work for an international organization, giving the
reasons why you choose the organization.
When still a little boy, I read an article about the World Health Organization (WHO), I realized
that health is of the most important factor affecting one’s quality of life, and that helping to improve
writing 5
people’s health is a noble profession. Since then, I have harboured the dream to work for the
Organization for a number of reasons as following.
First, working for the World Health Organization (WHO) gives me opportunities to live abroad,
to use English at work, and to have high salary. I am an active and dynamic person so I think it will be
an interesting life to have chance to travel far and wide to meet different people of different personalities
and nationalities.
Second, I will be able to further my biology knowledge by doing numerous medical researches. I
can also understand more about life mechanism, the reactions of the bodies to the changes of the
surroundings. Of course, working for the World Health Organization (WHO) will offer me occasions to
meet, to have talks with well-known people worldwide.
As far as I can say, taking care of other people’s health is always a respectful job. Working as an
official of the World Health Organization (WHO) helps me to be more aware of the value of life.
Looking after the ones who struggle to survive will give me strength and hope, help me think more

optimistically and do more positive things.
Living is sacrificing. I for long have considered this proverb as one of my life approaches. I will
try my best to realize my dream some day in the future.
TOPIC: In today’s competitive world, many families find it necessary for both parents to go out to
work. While some say the children in these families benefit from the traditional income, others feel
they lack support because of their parents’ absence.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinions.
In the business-driven culture nowadays, in order to adopt all of the so-called symbols of
advanced life, in many families; both parents have to work hard all day long for their children to enjoy
the best. It’s true that those children benefit from the joint income and the same, those grew up lacking
parental support, and this practice is creating a negative feedback loop.
On the first note, one of the external influences on a child’s development is economic status;
children in impoverished or low-income families are, often times, more prone to emotional difficulties
than other children because parents have limited resources to address the children’s needs as an asset to
a child’s overall development. Therein, the income of parents is directly influential in the quality of care
as well as of life a child has. So out of the love for their children, willy-nilly, both parents have no
choice but work outside.
However, gaining higher economic status does not guarantee better child development, in return
to this, something must be lost. Parents with the help of close emotional bonds with children will be able
to enhance a child’s motivation to comply with rules and requests and is associated with positive long
term-outcomes so that they will grow up more independent, emphatic, and socially competent. Secure
attachments to parents will underpin a child for positive, self-fulfilling expectations about other people
which he will take into future relationships.
In an evolving culture where parents spend more time working and less time with their child,
the child’s overall development is the one to suffer- the long-term implications of which not yet fully
realized. Yet, it is important to step back and consider the quality of the current cultural environment
and the ill-developed children it may produce, obviously this leads to the disability to handle
relationships and the child fail to function better both socially and professionally, and this may impact
generation after generation.
Children need their parents to be affectionate, caring beings, whether working parent or stay-

home parent; it doesn’t matter much. What really counts is that the parent loves the child, fosters secure
attachments with her child and fathoms of what the child’s needs are. Otherwise, it is society that bears
the consequences; its citizens are all ill- developed ones.
writing 6