Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh lớp 8 HKII

ngữ pháp cơ bản tiếng anh lớp 8 học kì II
1. Cách sử dụng của " in order (not) to và so as (not) to + V ":
in order (not) to + V (để,nhằm mục đích làm (hoặc không) làm gì )
so as (not) to
VD : I get up early in order to / so as to go to the class on time
I get up early in order not to be late for the class.
2. Thì t ơng lai đơn giản :
a, Diễn tả hành động sẽ sảy ra trong tơng lai :
Từ nhận biết : tomorrow , next+ thời gian, in the future , in 2015,in 2020
( + ) S + will/ shall +V
(-) S + will/ shall + not +V Yes ,S + will / shall
(?) Will/ shall + S + +V ?
No,S + will / shall + not
Viết tắt: will not = won't ; shall not = shan't
b , thì tơng lai đơn giản diễn tả lời hứa :
VD: Lan promises . She will study harder
c , thì tơng lai đơn giản diễn tả lời đề nghị , yêu cầu:
VD: Will you turn on the light please? - sure.
Shall I get you a drink ? - No, thanks.
3. Mệnh đề tính từ:
a, Adjective + an infinitive ( tính từ đi với động từ nguyên thể )
VD: It is difficult to answer these questions
It + be + adj + to + V
b,Tính từ + mệnh đề that
VD: She is happy that she is the best student in the class.
S + be + adjective + That + S + V(chia theo thì của câu) (mệnh đề tính từ)
4. Câu bị động ;
a. Thì hiện tại đơn : S + is , am , are + VpII + + ( by + o )
b, Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn : S + is , am , are + being + VpII + + ( by + O)
c, Thì hiện tại hoàn thành : S + have/ has + been + VpII + + (by + O)
d, Thì quá khứ đơn : S + was/ were + VpII + + ( by + O )

e.Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn : S + was/ were + being + VpII + + ( by + O )
f. Thì tơng lai đơn và các trợ động từ khuyết thiếu:
S + will/ shall/ can/ could/ must/should/ may + (not) + be + VpII + (by +O)
have (has ) to / ought to / / might
Cách chuỷên từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động :
B1 : phân tích thành phần câu chủ động: chủ ngữ (S) , động từ(V) ,tân ngữ(O) , các thành phần phụ ,các trạng từ
nhận biết và xác định thì của câu.
B2: xác định câu chủ động là câu khẳng định , phủ định , hay câu hỏi và động từ chính là theo qui tắc hay bất qui
tắc.
B3: chuyển tân ngữ của câu chủ động làm chủ ngữ của câu bị độngvà xem nó là số ít hay số nhiều.
B4 : thêm to be (áp dụng công thức câu bị động của các thì)
B5 : đa động từ chính về dạng phân từ hai đứng sau to be,chép các thành phần phụ còn lại của câu,thêm "by" + tân
ngữ (là chủ ngữ của câu chủ động) nếu cần.
Chú ý :những chủ ngữ không cần thêm " by + O ": people, someone, somebody, anybody, anyone,no one ,
no body, everyone,everybody,
5, Câu bị động rút gọn: VD; The novel written by Nguyễn Du is very interesting.
form: N+ VPII + by +be +

6. Câu hiện tại tiếp diễn rút gọn :
VD: The boy speaking to Lan is my brother.
Form : N + Ving + be +
7. Câu nhờ ,làm phiền ai : ( có phiền khi tôi làm gì hay không?)
a. Would you mind / Do you mind + Ving ? Please do./not at all
b. Would you mind if I + V( ed) ?
c. Do you mind if I + V ? I'd rather you didn't.
VD: Do you mind opening the door please?
Would you mind opening the door please?
Would you mind if I opened the door ?
Do you mind if I open the door ?
7. Quá khứ tiếp diễn : (Past progressive tense)

Form: S + Was/ Were + Ving
Cách nhận biết: + at 8.00 yesterday ,/ last / ago/ in the past ; at this time + yesterday ,/ last / ago
When + S + V(ed) ; S + Was/ Were + Ving
S + Was/ Were + Ving While + S + Was/ Were + Ving
cách sử dụng: diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong qúa khứ,hoặc diễn tả một hành
động đang diễn ra trong qúa khứ thì có một hành động khác xen vào.hay hai hành động cùng sảy ra
8. Câu gián tiếp :
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a, Statements ( câu khẳng định và câu phủ định): S + said +( that) + S + V(lùi một thì)
b.Câu hỏi đoán: Yes / No questions : S + asked + If /whether+ S + V (lùi một thì)
c. Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi : S + asked + Wh - + S + V (lùi một thì)
d,Câu yêu cầu , đề nghị: S + asked/ told / requested +O +(not) to + V(nguyên thể)
Cách lùi thì của động từ:
+ HTĐ QKĐ + QKĐ QKHT
+ HTHT QKHT + Will Would
+ HTTD QKTD + Can Could
+ May might + Ought to / should giữ nguyên.
+Must had to
9. Các chủ ngữ , tân ngữ , đại từ sở hữu phải chuyển trong câu gián tiếp:
I he/ she You I , We We they
my his/ her you me/ us our their
me him/ her your my/ our us them
Danh từ riêng , they, it Không phải chuyển (,giữ nguyên.)
Cách chuyển các trạng từ chỉ thời gian , và đại từ bất định:
tomorrow the next day/ the following day here there
next + thời gian the following + thời gian now then
yesterday the day before / the previous day today that day
thời gian+ ago the previous+ thời gian this that
last + thời gian the previous+ thời gian
10, Những động từ ,từ theo sau + to + V : agree,/arrange

How/ Why decide/ offer,
Who / when, refuse, try/hope + to +V
What + to +V promise/plan
Where forget, want, intend
ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS - (Tớnh t v trng t)
1. Tớnh t:
- ng trc danh t: adj + N She is a good student.
- Sau ng t to be He is tall.
- Sau cỏc ng t liờn kt nh: become, get, feel, look, seem, taste, smell, sound,
The coffee smells good.
She looks sad.
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- Sau các đại từ bất định: something, anything, everything, nothing, somebody, someone, anybody, anything,
…
Ex: Is there anything new?
2. Trạng từ:
- Đứng sau động từ thường
She drives carefully.
- be + adv + V3/-ed
The house was completely destroyed.
Note: trạng từ well đứng sau động từ “to be” để chỉ sức khỏe
Ex: I’m not very well.
- Cách thành lập trạng từ: thêm –ly vào sau tính từ
+ careful → carefully
+ careless → carelessly
+ happy → happily
+ sad → sadly
+ slow → slowly
- Một số từ vừa là tính từ, vừa là trạng từ: fast (nhanh), hard, early, late (trễ)
Ex: He drives very fast.

She works hard.

3. Tính từ + Mệnh đề
Một số tính từ chỉ cảm giác như: glad, happy, pleased, delighted, excited, sorry, disappointed, amazed, có
thể có một mệnh đề theo sau
Ex: We are glad that everyone came back home safely.
TAG QUESTIONS - (Câu hỏi đuôi)
1. Qui tắc chung: Câu nói và phần đuôi luôn ở dạng đối nhau
- câu nói khẳng định → phần đuôi phủ định
- câu nói phủ định → phần đuôi khẳng định
Ex: Mary can’t drive a car, can she?
Children like playing with sand, don’t they?
Note: Khi câu nói có từ phủ định như: seldom, rarely, hardly, no, never, phần đuôi phải ở dạng khẳng định
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Ex: He seldom goes to the movies, does he?
Your son has never told lies, has he?
2. Trường hợp đặc biệt:
- Phần đuôi của “I am” là “aren’t I”
Ex: I am going to do it again, am I?
- Câu mệnh lệnh có phần đuôi là “WON’T YOU” để diễn tả lời mời và có phần đuôi là “WILL YOU” để
diễn tả lời yêu cầu
Ex: Have a piece of cake, won’t you?
Open the door, will you?
- Phần duôi của câu “Let’s” là “Shall we”
Ex: Let’s go swimming, shall we?
So sánh hơn, so sánh nhất
1. So sánh hơn:
a. Tính từ ngắn:
S + V + adj+ER + than ….
Ex: This book is smaller than that book.

I am taller than my sister.
He is stronger than me.
Note: cách thêm –ER sau tính từ ngắn:
- Tính từ tận cùng bằng phụ âm mà trướ phụ âm là nguyên âm (a, e, i, o, u) thì gấp đôi phụ âm trước khi thêm -
ER
- Ex: hotter, bigger, fatter, …
b. Tính từ dài:
S + V + MORE + adj + than ….
Ex: This toy is more expensive than that toy.
She is more intelligent than her younger brother.
2. So sánh nhất:
a. Tính từ ngắn:
S + V + the + adj+EST ….
Ex: This shirt is the cheapest in the shop.
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Nam is the tallest in the class.
b. Tính từ dài:
S + V + the MOST + adj ….
Ex: This shirt is the most expensive in the shop.
She is the most beautiful girl in the class.
Note:
- Một số tính từ bất qui tắc:
Tính từ So sánh hơn So sánh nhất
- good - better - the best
- bad - worse - the worst
- much / many - more - the most
- little - less - the least

- Tính từ có hai âm tiết tận cùng bằng –y được xem là tính từ ngắn: happy, busy, lazy, easy …. Khi so sánh hơn thì
đổi –y thành –i rồi thêm –er; khi so sánh nhất đổi –y thành –i rồi thêm –est

Ex: She is busier than me.
This is the easiest exercise in the test.
WISH CLAUSES - (Mệnh đề mong ước)
Có 3 dạng câu mong ước:
- Mong ước không thật ở hiện tại:
Khẳng định: S + wish(es) + S + V2/-ed + O (to be: were / weren’t)
Phủ định: S + wish(es) + S + didn’t + V1

- Mong ước không thật ở quá khứ:
Khẳng định: S + wish(es) + S + had + V3/-ed
Phủ định: S + wish(es) + S + hadn’t + V3/-ed

- Mong ước không thật trong tương lai
Khẳng định: S+ wish(es) + S + would + V1
Phủ định: S + wish(es) + S + wouldn’t + V1

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Ex: 1. I wish I were on the beach now.
2. She wishes she could speak French.
3. My parents didn’t understand me.
– I wish my parents had understood me.
4. I don’t have a computer.
– I wish I had a computer.
5. What a pity! She won’t come with us tomorrow.
– We wish she would come with us tomorrow.
ADVERB CLAUSES OF RESULT - (Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả)
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả bắt đầu bằng các từ so, therefore (vì vậy, vì thế)
Ex:
1/ He can’t go to school because he is ill.
→ He is ill, so he can’t go to school.

→ He is ill. Therefore, he can’t go to school.
→ He is ill; therefore, he can’t go to school.
2/ As she didn’t study hard, she failed the exam.
→ She didn’t study hard, so she failed the exam.
→ She didn’t study hard. Therefore, she failed the exam.
→ She didn’t study hard; therefore, she failed the exam.
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME - (Giới từ chỉ thời gian)
1. AT:
- dùng chỉ thời gian trong ngày
At + giờ
At 6 o’clock / 10 o’clock …
At midnight nừa đêm
At night buổi tối
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At lunchtime vào giờ ăn trưa
At noon giữa trưa (lúc 12 giờ trưa)
- dùng chỉ một dịp lễ hội, một thời khắc nào đó
At the weekend cuối tuần (người Mỹ và Úc dùng on the weekend)
At Easter vào lễ phục sinh
At Christmas vào lễ Giáng sinh
At present hiện tại
At the moment ngay lúc này
At this / that time vào thời điểm này / thời điểm đó
At the same time cùng lúc
At the age of ở lứa tuổi
Ex: He came to live in London at the age of twenty five.
Tom and Peter arrived at the same time.
2. ON:
- dùng chỉ thứ trong tuần, ngày trong tháng
On Monday / Thursday / Sunday …

On 14
th
February
On this / that day
- dùng chỉ buổi trong ngày
On Sunday evenings
On Christmas Day
On New Year’s Day
On my birthday
3. IN:
- dùng chỉ buổi trong ngày
In the morning / the afternoon / the evening
- dùng cho tháng, mùa, năm, thế kỷ
In August / June / October …
In the summer / winter / spring / autumn
In 2010
In the 19
th
century
- dùng chỉ thời gian trong tương lai
In a moment / in a few minutes / in an hour / in a day / in a week / in six months
In the end cuối cùng
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* Note:
On time đúng giờ (không trễ)
Các giới từ khác:
- till: mãi đến, cho đến
- from … to / up to: từ ….đến ….
- between ….and … : giữa
UNIT 9

Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others.
1. A. ambulance B. bandage C. damage D. patient
2. A. hit B. tight C. injection D. sting
3. A. forget B. present C. overheat D. emergency
4. A. faint B. aid C. pain D. wheelchair
5. A. watch B. school C. chart D. handkerchief
Choose the word or phrase that best completes each unfinished sentence below.
6. They moved to the big city _________well-paying jobs.
A. in order to get B. for getting C. in order not to get D. so that getting
7. _________is a type of bed used for carrying the sick or injured people.
A. Stretcher B. Ambulance C. Bandage D. Crutch
8. I think I _________home across the park.
A. walk B. will walk C. am walking D. walking
9. She _________tight to the handrail.
A. held B. caught C. kept D. touched
10. I forgot thanking them ________helping me.
A. about B. for C. of D. on
11. She covered her knees _________a handkerchief.
A. in B. under C. with D. of
12. The farmers look for other work _________get more money for their family.
A. so as to B. in order that C. so as not to D. so that
13. She has been _________for days after the accident.
A. conscious B. unconscious C. consciously D. unconsciously
14. Scale is an instrument for showing _________people or things are.
A. how heavy B. how tall c how old D. how high
15. I tried to cheer him_________, but he just kept staring out the window.
A. on B. up C. off D. out
16. I put the heater on _________the plants warm.
A. keep B. keeping C. to keep D. for keeping
17. Why not come over at the weekend? The children ________seeing you again.

A. enjoy B. will enjoy C. are enjoying D. is going to enjoy
18. That bag looks heavy. I _________you with it.
A. will help B. am going to help C. am helping D. help
19. Calm _________and tell me what happened.
A. out B. down C. in D. up
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20. Sam was trying hard _________.
A. not to laugh B. to not laugh C. not laughing D. to not laughing
21. You _________forget what I told you. It’s very important.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. don’t have to D. can’t
22. Cool the burns immediately so as to _________tissue damage.
A. ease B. relieve C. minimize D. maximize
23. _________is a long stick that someone put under their arm to help them walk when they have hurt their
leg.
A. Crutch B. Wheelchair C. Stretcher D. Bandage
24. These medicines can _________your headache.
A. ease B. elevate C. revive D. affect
25. Don’t overheat the victim with blankets or coat.
A. make someone too hot B. make someone too cold
C. hurt someone D. destroy someone
Choose the underlined part that needs correction.
26. He is going to get to work earlier in order impress the boss.
A B C D
27. They are planting trees by the roadside so that reduce the traffic noise.
A B C D
28. It’s a secret between us and I promise I don’t tell anybody.
A B C D
29. You don’t have to keep medicines where children can get them.
A B C D
30. The room got quietly when the professor came.

A B C D
Choose the word (a, b, c, or d) that best fits each of the blank spaces.
Yesterday, when I was riding along a busy street, I saw an (31)_____. A woman was knocked down when she
crossed the street at a zebra crossing. Many people stopped (32)_____ their help. A police man arrived and asked a
young man to telephone for an (33)_____. While waiting for the ambulance, the policeman and some people tried
to (34)_____the bleeding. They used a handkerchief to cover the wound, then put pressure on it. and held it
tightly. They tried to talk to her in order to keep her (35)_____. After about three minutes, the ambulance arrived
and the woman was taken to the hospital.
31. A. accident B. event C. ambulance D. emergency
32. A. offer B. offering C. to offering D. to offer
33. A. ambulance B. first-aid C. arrangement D. address
34. A. cut B. hold C. stop D. cover
35. A. awake B. unconscious C. asleep D. warm
Read the following passage and choose the best answers to each of the questions below.
I’m in the hospital! I’ve broken my leg! But don’t worry. I’ll be all right. I’ve been here since last Sunday. I
had an accident at a football match. I tried to kick the ball but I kicked the goal post! The pain was quite bad, so
Dad brought me to the hospital the same day. I had a small operation three days ago. The nurses and doctors have
been really nice, but the food’s disgusting. I prefer Mum’s cooking!
goal post (n) cột khung thành /operation (n) ca phẫu thuật
36. Where is the writer?
A. He’s going on a vacation. B. He’s at home.
C. He’s in hospital. D. He’s at school.
37. What has happened to him?
A. He has had a cold. B. He has broken his leg.
C. He has had an accident. D. b & c are correct
38. He felt _________pain.
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A. no B. not much C. a lot of D. a&b are correct
39. What does the word ‘disgusting’ in line 4 mean?
A. delicious B. good C. healthy D. awful

40. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The writer has broken his leg because he kicked the goal post.
B. He was brought to the hospital last Sunday.
C. He doesn’t like the nurses and the doctors there.
D. He had a small operation and he will be all right.
THE END
ANSWER KEYS
Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others.
1. A. ambulance B. bandage C. damage D. patient
2. A. hit B. tight C. injection D. sting
3. A. forget B. present C. overheat D. emergency
4. A. faint B. aid C. pain D. wheelchair
5. A. watch B. school C. chart D. handkerchief
Choose the word or phrase that best completes each unfinished sentence below.
6. They moved to the big city _________well-paying jobs.
A. in order to get B. for getting C. in order not to get D. so that getting
7. _________is a type of bed used for carrying the sick or injured people.
A. Stretcher B. Ambulance C. Bandage D. Crutch
8. I think I _________home across the park.
A. walk B. will walk C. am walking D. walking
9. She _________tight to the handrail.
A. held B. caught C. kept D. touched
10. I forgot thanking them _________helping me.
A. about B. for C. of D. on
11. She covered her knees_________a handkerchief.
A. in B. under C. with D. of
12. The farmers look for other work_________get more money for their family.
A. so as to B. in order that C. so as not to D. so that
13. She has been _________for days after the accident.
A. conscious B. unconscious C. consciously D. unconsciously

14. Scale is an instrument for showing_________people or things are.
A. how heavy B. how tall c how old D. how high
15. I tried to cheer him_________, but he just kept staring out the window.
A. on B. up C. off D. out
16. I put the heater on_________the plants warm.
A. keep B. keeping C. to keep D. for keeping
17. Why not come over at the weekend? The children_________seeing you again.
A. enjoy B. will enjoy C. are enjoying D. is going to enjoy
18. That bag looks heavy. I_________you with it.
A. will help B. am going to help C. am helping D. help
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19. Calm_________and tell me what happened.
A. out B. down C. in D. up
20. Sam was trying hard _________.
A. not to laugh B. to not laugh C. not laughing D. to not laughing
21. You _________forget what I told you. It’s very important.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. don’t have to D. can’t
22. Cool the burns immediately so as to _________tissue damage.
A. ease B. relieve C. minimize D. maximize
23. _________is a long stick that someone put under their arm to help them walk when they have hurt their
leg.
A. Crutch B. Wheelchair C. Stretcher D. Bandage
24. These medicines can_________your headache.
A. ease B. elevate C. revive D. affect
25. Don’t overheat the victim with blankets or coat.
A. make someone too hot B. make someone too cold
C. hurt someone D. destroy someone
Choose the underlined part that needs correction.
26. He is going to get to work earlier in order impress the boss. [in order to]
A B C D

27. They are planting trees by the roadside so that reduce the traffic noise. [so as to]
A B C D
28. It’s a secret between us and I promise I don’t tell anybody. [won’t]
A B C D
29. You don’t have to keep medicines where children can get them. [no words]
A B C D
30. The room got quietly when the professor came. [quiet]
A B C D
Choose the word (a, b, c, or d) that best fits each of the blank spaces.
Yesterday, when I was riding along a busy street, I saw an (31)_____. A woman was knocked down when she
crossed the street at a zebra crossing. Many people stopped (32)_____ their help. A police man arrived and asked a
young man to telephone for an (33)_____. While waiting for the ambulance, the policeman and some people tried
to (34)_____the bleeding. They used a handkerchief to cover the wound, then put pressure on it. and held it
tightly. They tried to talk to her in order to keep her (35)_____. After about three minutes, the ambulance arrived
and the woman was taken to the hospital.
31. A. accident B. event C. ambulance D. emergency
32. A. offer B. offering C. to offering D. to offer
33. A. ambulance B. first-aid C. arrangement D. address
34. A. cut B. hold C. stop D. cover
35. A. awake B. unconscious C. asleep D. warm
Read the following passage and choose the best answers to each of the questions below.
I’m in the hospital! I’ve broken my leg! But don’t worry. I’ll be all right. I’ve been here since last Sunday. I
had an accident at a football match. I tried to kick the ball but I kicked the goal post! The pain was quite bad, so
Dad brought me to the hospital the same day. I had a small operation three days ago. The nurses and doctors have
been really nice, but the food’s disgusting. I prefer Mum’s cooking!
goal post (n) cột khung thành /operation (n) ca phẫu thuật
36. Where is the writer?
A. He’s going on a vacation. B. He’s at home.
C. He’s in hospital. D. He’s at school.
37. What has happened to him?

A. He has had a cold. B. He has broken his leg.
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C. He has had an accident. D. b & c are correct
38. He felt _________pain.
A. no B. not much C. a lot of D. a&b are correct
39. What does the word ‘disgusting’ in line 4 mean?
A. delicious B. good C. healthy D. awful
40. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The writer has broken his leg because he kicked the goal post.
B. He was brought to the hospital last Sunday.
C. He doesn’t like the nurses and the doctors there.
D. He had a small operation and he will be all right.
UNIT 10: RECYCLING
Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others.
1. A. math B. scatter C. package D. metal
2. A. smell B. press C. melt D. refill
3. A. those B. clothes C. shopping D. envelope
4. A. down B. throw C. nowadays D. how
5. A. fields B. plants C. trees D. newspapers
Choose the word or phrase that best completes each unfinished sentence below.
6. Every few weeks new satellites ________into orbit.
A. are put B. is put C. are putted D. is putted
7. You ought to give up smoking because it is harmful to your health.
A. should B. could C. may D. am going to
8. Try to ________the amount of fat in your diet.
A. reuse B. refill C. reduce D. recycle
9. It is ________to park in the center of Newtown.
A. impossible B. impossibility C. impossibilities D. impossibly
10. I am delighted ________you passed your exam.
A. that B. to C. in order to D. so that

11. We will begin ________a brief discussion of the problems.
A. from B. with C. at D. on
12. Tree leaves ________to wrap things.
A. should used B. should be used C. should been used D. should be use
13. ________is a wonderful natural fertilizer.
A. Compost B. Plastic C. Envelope D. Garbage
14. Glass is broken up, melted and made into new________.
A. silverware B. hardware C. ironware D. glassware
15. Is the rubbish ________every day?
A. collect B. collecting C. collected D. be collected
16. In 1876, the telephone ________first introduced by Bell and Watson.
A. was B. is C. has been D. had been
17. It’s important ________wildlife in the area.
13
A. to conserve B. conserving C. conservation D. conserve
18. Japan ________40% of its waste every year.
A. reuses B. recycles C. refill D. broken
19. We were delighted ________your letter yesterday.
A. to get B. got C. getting D. get
20. Sooner or later a satellite ________by a large piece of rubbish.
A. will destroy B. will destroyed C. will be destroyed D. will been destroyed
21. Let’s play tennis instead of ________television.
A. watch B. watching C. watches D. to watch
22. Everything depends on what you mean ________the word “free”.
A. about B. by C. of D. for
23. We should use ________bags instead of plastic bags.
A. cloth B. clothe C. clothed D. clothing
24. Beer ________for breakfast in England years ago.
A. used be drunk B. used to be drunk C. used to drunk D. used to be drank
25. I ________some rice on the floor of the chicken coop. [coop: cage for poultry]

A. scattered B. grew C. threw away D. raised
Choose the underlined part that needs correction.
26. You will be gave a present when you go to the party next Saturday.
A B C D
27. It is unhealthily to live in many of the world’s cities.
A B C D
28. We began the meeting by a discussion about recycling.
A B C D
29. Miss Blake is one of the represents from Friends of the Earth.
A B C D
30. Climate change is causing the polar ice cap melting.
A B C D
Choose the word (a, b, c, or d) that best fits each of the blank spaces.
Dear Sir or Madam,
We are in Class B, Year 8 at Stonehouse School. Every year our class goes (21)_______an adventure
holiday. This year we would like (22)___your center. We are planning (23)____ away for the first week in May,
arriving on Friday 2 May. There will be 15 boys and 15 girls in our party, and two teachers. We are (24)______in
sailing, rock climbing, canoeing, and map-reading. Can you send us information about your center?
We look forward (26)______from you.
Yours faithfully,
Class B
31. A. in B. at C. on D. aver
32. A. attend B. attending C. to attend D. to attending
33. A. go B. to go C. going D. to going
34. A. interested B. interesting C. bored D. boring
35. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. to hearing
Read the following passage and choose the best answers to each of the questions below.
Just a few years ago, this place was called Dumptown. The people living here didn’t think much about where
waste went when they threw it out. Things that could be reused or recycled were thrown in the trash, because
nobody believed recycling made a difference. And, eventually, that became a very big problem. The garbage heap

grew and began to smell. Sometimes it caught fire, and making it hard for everyone to breathe. Dumptowners
knew they had to fix it. They learned to reduce the amount of waste they threw away. For example, they learned to
14
reuse things like washing out empty jars instead of throwing them away. And, they learned to recycle. They set up
bins around town to collect glass, paper, and other things, then made into new products.
36. The people living in Dumptown________________.
A. didn’t think much about where the waste went
B. threw things that could be reused or recycled into the trash
C. didn’t believe that recycling could make a difference
D. all are correct
37. Which of the following could replace the word ‘trash’ in line 2?
A. garbage B. rubbish C. compost D. a & b
38. What were the Dumptown’s problems?
A. The garbage heap smelled. B. Sometimes the garbage heap caught fire.
C. It was hard for everyone to breathe. D. all are correct
39. What does the word ‘them’ in line 6 refer to?
A. the trash B. the garbage heap C. Dumptowners D. empty jars
40. What did they do to solve their problems?
A. They reduced the amount of waste they threw away.
B. They learnt to reuse things.
C. They learnt to recycle. D. all are correct
ANSWER
Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others.
1. A. math B. scatter C. package D. metal
2. A. smell B. press C. melt D. refill
3. A. those B. clothes C. shopping D. envelope
4. A. down B. throw C. nowadays D. how
5. A. fields B. plants C. trees D. newspapers
Choose the word or phrase that best completes each unfinished sentence below.
6. Every few weeks new satellites ________into orbit.

A. are put B. is put C. are putted D. is putted
7. You ought to give up smoking because it is harmful to your health.
A. should B. could C. may D. am going to
8. Try to ________the amount of fat in your diet.
A. reuse B. refill C. reduce D. recycle
9. It is ________to park in the center of Newtown.
A. impossible B. impossibility C. impossibilities D. impossibly
10. I am delighted ________you passed your exam.
A. that B. to C. in order to D. so that
11. We will begin________a brief discussion of the problems.
A. from B. with C. at D. on
12. Tree leaves________to wrap things.
A. should used B. should be used C. should been used D. should be use
13. ________is a wonderful natural fertilizer.
A. Compost B. Plastic C. Envelope D. Garbage
14. Glass is broken up, melted and made into new________.
A. silverware B. hardware C. ironware D. glassware
15. Is the rubbish________every day?
A. collect B. collecting C. collected D. be collected
15
16. In 1876, the telephone ________first introduced by Bell and Watson.
A. was B. is C. has been D. had been
17. It’s important ________wildlife in the area.
A. to conserve B. conserving C. conservation D. conserve
18. Japan ________40% of its waste every year.
A. reuses B. recycles C. refill D. broken
19. We were delighted________your letter yesterday.
A. to get B. got C. getting D. get
20. Sooner or later a satellite ________by a large piece of rubbish.
A. will destroy B. will destroyed C. will be destroyed D. will been destroyed

21. Let’s play tennis instead of ________television.
A. watch B. watching C. watches D. to watch
22. Everything depends on what you mean________the word “free”.
A. about B. by C. of D. for
23. We should use________bags instead of plastic bags.
A. cloth B. clothe C. clothed D. clothing
24. Beer________for breakfast in England years ago.
A. used be drunk B. used to be drunk C. used to drunk D. used to be drank
25. I________some rice on the floor of the chicken coop. [coop: cage for poultry]
A. scattered B. grew C. threw away D. raised
Choose the underlined part that needs correction.
26. You will be gave a present when you go to the party next Saturday. [wil be given]
A B C D
27. It is unhealthily to live in many of the world’s cities. [unhealthy]
A B C D
28. We began the meeting by a discussion about recycling. [with]
A B C D
29. Miss Blake is one of the represents from Friends of the Earth. [representatives]
A B C D
30. Climate change is causing the polar ice cap melting. [melted]
A B C D
Choose the word (a, b, c, or d) that best fits each of the blank spaces.
Dear Sir or Madam,
We are in Class B, Year 8 at Stonehouse School. Every year our class goes (21)_______an adventure
holiday. This year we would like (22)___your center. We are planning (23)____ away for the first week in May,
arriving on Friday 2 May. There will be 15 boys and 15 girls in our party, and two teachers. We are (24)______in
sailing, rock climbing, canoeing, and map-reading. Can you send us information about your center?
We look forward (26)______from you.
Yours faithfully,
Class B

31. A. in B. at C. on D. aver
32. A. attend B. attending C. to attend D. to attending
33. A. go B. to go C. going D. to going
34. A. interested B. interesting C. bored D. boring
35. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. to hearing
Read the following passage and choose the best answers to each of the questions below.
Just a few years ago, this place was called Dumptown. The people living here didn’t think much about where
waste went when they threw it out. Things that could be reused or recycled were thrown in the trash, because
nobody believed recycling made a difference. And, eventually, that became a very big problem. The garbage heap
16
grew and began to smell. Sometimes it caught fire, and making it hard for everyone to breathe. Dumptowners
knew they had to fix it. They learned to reduce the amount of waste they threw away. For example, they learned to
reuse things like washing out empty jars instead of throwing them away. And, they learned to recycle. They set up
bins around town to collect glass, paper, and other things, then made into new products.
36. The people living in Dumptown________________.
A. didn’t think much about where the waste went
B. threw things that could be reused or recycled into the trash
C. didn’t believe that recycling could make a difference
D. all are correct
37. Which of the following could replace the word ‘trash’ in line 2?
A. garbage B. rubbish C. compost D. a & b
38. What were the Dumptown’s problems?
A. The garbage heap smelled. B. Sometimes the garbage heap caught fire.
C. It was hard for everyone to breathe. D. all are correct
39. What does the word ‘them’ in line 6 refer to?
A. the trash B. the garbage heap C. Dumptowners D. empty jars
40. What did they do to solve their problems?
A. They reduced the amount of waste they threw away.
B. They learnt to reuse things.
C. They learnt to recycle. D. all are correct

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