Thiết kế bài giảng vật lý nâng cao lớp 11 tập 1

TRAN THUY
HANG
HA DUYEN TUNG

TRAN
THUY
HANG
-
HA
DUYfiN
TONG
THIET
KE
BAI
QIANG
NANG
CAO
T|P
MOI
NHA
XUAT
BAN
HA
N6I

Ldi
NOI
DAU
Thiet
ke'bai
giing Vit Ii 11 nang cao dugc vid't theo chudng trinh sach

giao khoa (SGK) mdi ban banh
nSm
2006 - 2007. Sach gidi thidu mdt
each
thie't
kd'bai
giang Vat li
nang
cao theo tinh
thin
ddi mdi
phuOng
phap day -
hgc,
nham
phat huy tinh tich
cUc nhan
thiic cua hgc sinh (HS).
V^"
ndi dung : Sach bam sat
n6i
dung sach giao khoa
Vat
li 11 theo
chuong trinh
nang
cao.
O
mdi
tid't^

sach
chi
ro muc tidu
v^
kie'n thiic,
ki
nSng,
cac cdng
viec
chua'n bi
ciia
giao vidn (GV) va HS, cac
phirong
tidn hd
trO
giang day
c^n
thie't,
nham
dam bao chd't
lUdng tifng
bai,
ttoig
tid't len ldp.
Ngoai ra sach cd
mci
rdng, bo sung thdm mdt sd' ndi dung lidn quan tdi bai
hgc
bang
nhidu hoat ddng

nhSm
cung ca'p thdm
tif
lidu dd cac
thiy,
c6 giao
tham khao
vSn
dung tuy theo dd'i
tUOng
HS
titng
dia phucfng.
y%
phuung
phap day hoc : Sach
duOc
tridn khai theo
hu6ng
tich
cUc
boa boat ddng cua HS,
la'y
ccf
sof
cua mdi boat ddng la nhiing
vide lam
cua
HS
ducii

su
hu6ng
dSn, phu hdp v6i
dac
trung mdn hgc nhu : thi nghidm,
thao luan, thuc hanh,
nhim
phat huy tinh ddc
lap,
tU giac cua HS.
DSc
bidt,
sach rat
chii
trgng
khau
thuc hanh trong
tutig
bai hgc, ddng
thcfi
ciing
chi
ro
tiing hoat ddng cu thd cua GV va HS trong mdt tid'n trinh day hgc, coi day
la
bai hoat ddng cung nhau trong do ca HS va GV
la
chu thd'.
Chung tdi hi vgng cud'n sach nay se
la

mdt cdng cu thid't thuc, gop
phin
hd trd cac
thiy,
cd giao giang day mdn
Vat
Ii 11 trong
vide nang
cao hidu
qua bai giang cua minh.
_
Cac tac gia

Phdn mdt
E>IEN
HOC -
E>I$N TtTHOC
CHUONG
I.
DIEN TfCH - DIEN
TRl/dNG
BAII
DifiNTICH.
DINHLUATCU-L6NG
I-MUCTlfiU
l.Ve'ki^n
thiic
- Ciing cd', khac sau mdt sd khdi nidm da hgc
d
chuong trinh THCS : hai

loai
didn
tich, vat nhidm didn,
vecto
luc. Budc
diu
tim hidu khai niem vd ba
cdch
nhidm
didn cho cac vat.
- Di
xuS^t
dugc phuong an
thi
nghidm kidm tra du doan vd su nhidm didn do
tidjp
xdc.
- Bie't dugc
tac
dung ciia didn nghidm
vk
cdch sii dung didn nghidm.
-Hidu dugc khai nidm didn
tich
didm, hang
sddidn
mdi.
- Bidt dugc phuong, chidu
vk
dd

Idfn
cua
luc
tuong tac
giiJa
cdc didn
tich
didm
trong chan khdng (dinh
luat
Cu-I6ng)
v^
trong didn mdi, bidu didn dugc cac luc
tuong tac do.
- Van dung dugc cdng thiic tmh
Iitc
tuong tdc
giffa
cdc didn
tich
didm trong chan
khdng
vk
tt-ong
didn mdi dd
lam
mdt s6
b^i
tap don
gidn.

- Bidt
sir
dung quy tdc hinh
binh
hanh dd
tim
luc
tdng hgp tac
dungTdn
mdt didn
tfch didm.
2.
Vi ki
nSng
- Quan sat thi nghidm bidu didn
ciia
gido vidn, tii kd't qua thf nghidm rut ra hidn
tugng vat ll quan sat dugc.
- Bidu didn dugc cac
vectcf luc
tdc dung ldn didn
tich
didm
- Giai dugc mdt s6 bai todn vd dd ldn ciia luc tucfng tdc
gifia
hai didn
tich
didm dat
Uong chan khdng va trong mdi
tru&ng

didn mdi.
B-CHUINBI
Gido vien
- Chudn bi mdt didn nghidm (c6 thd
tiit
lam bang vo Ion, chai nhua
v^
cdc vat
lidu
don gian), thanh kim loai.
-
Chu^
bi phie'u hgc tap.
Hpc sinh
- On lai cac kidn thiic da hgc
b
chucfng tiinh vat
If
ldp 7, 8 THCS vd su nhiem didn
do
eg
xat, cae loai dien
tieh,
luc tuong tac gifla cdc vat
tich
didn,
luc,
vecto
luc,
each bieu didn

luc.
in - THif T Kfi HOAT
DONG
DAY
HOC
Hoat ddng cua hoc sinh
Boat dong 1
Kiem tra, chudn bi dieu kien
xuat phat. Dat van de.
Suy
n^hi
cd nhan tim cau tra
Icfi
:
Co hai
loai
dien tfch
la
didn tfch
duong va didn tfch am. Luc tucfng
tdc gifla chiing co thd
la
luc
hiit
hoac luc dly.
a)
*-Q
©-^
Ca nhan nhan thiic dugc
vdh

dd
cua bai bgc.
Trd giup cua giao
vi§n
GV ndu
cau
hoi
ki^m
tra cac
ki^n thflc
da
hgc:
-
K^
tdn cac
loai
didn
tich
ma cdc em da
dugc hgc ? Luc tuong tac gifla chiing co
dac
didm
gi ?
GV dung hinh ve cac
loai
dien
tich
va
ydu cdu HS xdc dinh phuong
chi^u

ciia
cac luc tuong tdc gifla cac didn
tich
do.
a)
© ©
")
© 0
0 0 0
Dat
vah
de : Trong chuong trinh THCS
chiing
ta co thd xac dinh dugc dugc
phucfng, chidu cua cac
luc
tuong tdc gifla
cdc didn
tich.
Bdi hgc hdm nay chiing ta
nghidn
ciiu
vi
ddldn
ciia cdc
luc
tuong
tdc do.
Boat ddng 2
Tim hieu

sir
nhidm dien cua
cdc
vM
Cd
nhan
ti^p
thu, ghi nhd.
Suy
nghT
ca nhan tim
cau
tra
Icri.
HSl
:
Ngucfi
ta
eg
xdt thanh thuy
tinh vdi lua thi thanh thuy tinh se
nhilm
didn.
Mu6n
bid't thanh thuy
tinh c6 nhidm didn hay khdng
ngucri
ta dua no lai
gin
cac mlu

gidy vun di xem no co
hiit
cdc
mlu gidy vun khdng.
HS2 : Cg xat thanh thuy tinh vdi
mdt vat bat ki (vai khd,
lua,
).
Nd'u sau cg xdt thanh thuy tinh co
kha ndng but cdc vat nhe (vun
gidy, mlu bdng, bdc, ) hoac lam
loe
sdng bong den ciia but thtr didn
thi
chihig
to
Uianb
thuy tinh da
nhidm didn.
HS3 : Co thi kidm tra
tinh nhi^m
didn bang cdch cho tucfng tdc vdi
mdt vat nhidm didn khae.
B6
sung cdc kid'n thiic vd don vi didn
tfch va didn tfch ciia
electron
Thdng bdo : - Don vi didn tfch la
culdng,
kl hidu Id C.

-
Didn
tich
ciia electron
c6 gid tri
Uiydt
dd'i la e =
1,6.10"'^C
GV ndu cau hoi ve vdn dd
cin
nghidn
ciiu
:
- Bang
each ndo
c6 thd lam cho thanh
thuy tinh nhidm didn ? Dd kidm tra xem
thanh thuy tinh c6 dugc nhidm didn hay
khdng
ngufifi
ta
lam
nhu
th^
nao
?
GV nhdn xet cdc
cau
tra Idi.
GV gidi thidu chid'c didn nghidm.

—
Dd kidm tra xem thanh thuy tinh c6
nhidm didn hay khdng ngucri ta con co
mdt dung cu thf nghidm nfla co tdn ggi
la
didn nghidm.
Cd nhan tid'p thu, ghi nhd.
Cd nhan quan sdt, thao
ludn
nhdm
dd tim ra nguydn
tie
hoat ddng
cua didn nghidm.
HS thao ludn chung todn Idp.
- Vi didn
tich
dugc truydn
tfl
vdt
bi nhidm didn
d^n
hai Id kim
loai
ciia didn nghidm Idm cha hai
Id
kim loai dd nhidm didn ciing ddu
vd dly nhau.
- Diing mdt vat da dugc nhidm
didn cho tid'p

xiic
vdi vdt chua
dugc nhidm didn.
HS thao ludn chung toan ldp.
-
Dimg
mdt vdt da nhidm didn
trudc la thanh thuy tinh hoac
thanh kim loai. Vdt
cin
nhidm didn
Phuang dn 1 : Thdng bdo
: Khi
mOt
vdt nhidm didn
cham vdo num kim loai
thi didn
tich
truydn
d^n
hai
Id
kim loai. Do d6
hai la kim
loai
dly nhau
vd xoe ra. Didn
tich
truydn cho hai Id cdng
Idn thi gdc xoe cdng ldn.

Phuang dn 2 : Nd'u cd didu kien GV cd
thd tid'n hdnh nhanh
thi
nghidm vdi
dien nghidm dd HS tu nit ra nguydn
tic
boat ddng ciia didn nghidm.
GV ndu cdu hoi vd vdn dd
cin
nghidn
ciiu
tidp theo.
-
6
trdn ta da bid't mdt cdch nhidm didn
cho vat bdng cdch cg xdt, cd thd Idm cho
mdt vdt nhidm didn bdng cdch ndc nfla
khdng?
GV
neu
cdu hdi ggi y.
-
Tai sao hai Id kim
loai
cua didn
nghidm lai
xofe
ra ?
- Cd thd dp dung didu dd dd 1dm cho
mdt vat nhidm didn dugc khdng ?

N^u
dugc phdi Idm
thd'
nao
?
GV ndu cdu hdi dd xudt phuong an
tW
nghidm di kidm tra.
- Thi^t
k^
phuong an thf nghidm dd
kidm tra du doan trdn ?
88
Ia mdt thanh kim
loai
khdc. Di
kun tra xem thanh kim loai cd
nhidm didn hay khdng ta diing
didn nghidm.
- Cd thd diing qud clu bang kim
loai
trdn dien nghidm 1dm vdt
cin
dugc nhidm didn. Ta cho thanh
kim
loai
da nhidm didn
d^n
tid'p
xuc vdi qud clu

cin
dugc nhidm
dien va quan sdt xem hai Id kim
loai
ciia didn nghidm cd
xofe
ra
khdng.
HS
quan sdt va nit ra ke't ludn.
- HS bi dua vao tinh the'
hSit
ngd:
thanh kim loai chua tidp
xiic
vdi
qua clu tren didn nghidm thi qua
clu da nhidm didn.
Cd nhan
ti^p
thu, ghi nhd.
HS
quan sat va rut ra ke't ludn.
- Hai la kim loai ciia didn nghidm
xoe ra ndn qua clu da bi nhidm
didn.
GV ndu cdu hdi vd ke't luan
cin
dugc
kidm tra bdng thf nghidm.

- Cd thd dung ngay qua clu
bing
kim
loai
tren didn nghidm
lam
vdt
cin
dugc
nhidm didn hay
khdng
?
Ndii
dugc ta
phai kidm nghidm didu gi ?
GV
tidii
hanh
thi
nghidm kidm tra.
- Dua tiir tii thanh kim loai da dugc
nhidm didn ddn qua clu kim
loai
trdn
didn nghidm (nhung chua tidp xdc),
ddng thdi ydu clu HS tap trung quan sat.
GV thdng bao cac khdi nidm hidn tugng
hudng ling tmh didn vd su nhidm didn do
hudng ling.
- Dua thanh kim

lom
ra xa qua clu thi
qua clu
U-d
vd trang thdi khdng bi nhidm
didn. Khi dd hai la kim loai ciia didn
nghidm khdng xoe ra.
GV dua thanh kun loai ra xa de cho HS
quan sat xem cd dung nhu vdy khdng.
GV tie'n hanh
thi
nghidm kidm
U-a.
- Cho thanh kim
loai
tidp xuc vdi qua
clu
U-en
dien nghidm. Ydu clu HS quan
sdt dd nit ra kdt
ludn.
—
Dua thanh kim loai ra xa qua
clu thi qua clu vln nhidm didn.
Cd nhdn tid'p thu, ghi nhd.
Boat dong 3
Nghien curu dinh luat
Cu-16ng
HS thao luan chung toan ldp.
- Cd the HS chi dua ra dugc du

doan : Dd ldn cua luc tucfng tac
ciia hai dien tfch phu thudc vao dd
Idn cua hai didn tfch (vi cd thd HS
dua vao hien tugng hai
la
kim
loai
ciia didn nghidm xoe ra cang rdng
nd'u dien tfch truydn cho chiing
cang ldn).
Ca nhan tid'p thu, ghi
nhd.
- Dua thanh kim loai ra xa, ydu clu HS
quan sat dd nit ra kd't ludn.
GV khdi quat hod kid'n thdc :
- Cd ba cdch nhidm didn cho mdt vdt :
nhidm didn do cg xat, nhidm didn do
tie'p
xiic
va nhidm dien do hudng dng.
Chii y : mdt vdt dugc nhidm didn cung
ggi
la
vat dugc tfch didn.
GV ndu cdu
hdi:
- Ta da bidt cdc didn tfch cilng
diu
thi
dly nhau, cac didn tfch khac ddu thi

hiit
nhau. Dd Idn cua cac luc tuong tac dd
phu thudc vao
nhflng
yd'u td ndo vd phu
thudc nhu the' nao vao cac yd'u td dd?
GV thdng
bao:
- Nha vat
If
hgc
Cu-Idng
da dung chid'c
can
xoln
dd khao sat luc tuong tac gifla
hai qua clu nhidm dien ed kfch thudc
nhd so vdi khoang
each
gifla chiing
(ngucri ta ggi cdc vdt nhidm dien cd
kich
thudc nhd la cac didn tfch didm) va t6ng
kd't cac kd't qua
thi
nghidm cua minh
Lhanh
dinh
ludt
Cu-Idng.

GV thdng bao ndi dung dinh
luat
Cu-
ldng,
chii
y giai thfch eac dai lugng cd
trong bieu thiic eua dinh luat.
10
Ca nhan tu thu thap thdng tin vd
tra
Idi
cac cdu hdi ciia GV.
Bidu thiic : F = k
qiq2
Trong dd: r
la
khoang each gifla hai dien
tich
qi,
q2.
k =
9.10^1ahesdtild.
Khi day muc nay GV cung cd thd cho
HS tu dgc SGK va kidm tra thdng tin ma
HS thu thap dugc bdng
each
dat ra cdc
cdu hdi nhu : phat bieu ndi dung dinh
luat
Cu-Idng va vid't bieu thdc ciia dinh

luat,
giai thfch ro cac dai Iugng cd trong
cdng thiic.
Boat ddng 4
Tim
hieu luc
tirong
tac cua cac
didn tich trong moi trudng didn
moi va xdy dung cong thiic xac
dinh
luc
Cu-I6ng
dirdi
dang
vecta,
Ca nhan tiep thu, ghi nhd.
Ca nhdn tu thu thap thdng tin va
GV thdng
bao:
- Thf nghidm chiing td rang,
luc
tuong
tdc gifla cdc dien
tich
didm dat trong
mdi trudng dien mdi ddng tfnh, chiia
dly khdng gian xung quanh didn tfch,
giam di
s

(epxilon) lln so vdi khi chung
dugc dat trong chan khdng.
F = k
|qiq2|
£
chi phu thudc vao tinh
chit
ciia didn
mdi ma khdng phu thudc ma dd Idn cac
didn tfch va khoang
each
gifla cdc didn
tich,
ggi
la
hang sd didn mdi.
Khi day muc nay GV cung cd the cho
HS tu dgc SGK va kidm tra thdng tin ma
HS thu thap dugc bang
each
dat ra cdc
cdu hdi nhu : khi cac didn tfch didm dat
trong dien mdi ddng
tinh
thi luc tuong
11
tra
Idi
cac cdu hdi eua GV.
HS thao ludn chung toan Idp, ca

nhdn tra
Idi:
P -1,^1^2 ^12
er
r,2
F2,
=-Fi2
Boat ddng 5.
Cung co' bdi hgc va dinh hirdng
nhiem vu hgc
tdp
tiep theo
Hodn thanh bdi
1,2
SGK. '
HS boat ddng cd nhdn, sau dd trao
ddi nhdm va dai dien nhdtn ldn
bdo cao ke't qua
phi^u
hgc tap.
Ca nhdn nhdn nhidm vu hgc tap.
tdc gifla chiing thay ddi nhu thd' nao ?
Bidu thiic nao didn ta didu dd ?
, .
r
,
F12
!
!
P21

Ql
tl2
GV neu cdu hdi dd hgc sinh xdy dung
cdng thiic xdc dinh luc Cu-Idng dudi
dang vecto.
- Ggi
F|2
vd
ijj
Id luc ma didn tfch
q,
tdc dung len dien tfch
qj
vd vecto dd dai
ve tir didn tfch
qi
ddn didn tfch
qj,
vid't
bidu thlie toan bgc bidu didn mdi quan
hd gifla
F12
va
T^2
?
- Ggi
F21 ^^ Iv^c
ma dien
tieh qj
tac dung

len
didn tfch
qi,
thi bidu thiic todn hgc
nao bidu didn mdi quan hd gifla hai
luc
F2.
vd
F,2
?
Hudng dan HS lam nhanh hai bai I, 2
SGK.
GV ydu clu HS
lam
vide vdi phidu hgc
tap,
GV nhan xdt, danh gid bai lam ciia
HS (dai dien nhdm).
Hudng
din
hgc bai d nhd :
- Lam cac bai tap
3,4
SGK.
- On lai cdc kieh thdc vd so luge cdu tao
nguydn tii, chdl
din
didn, chd't each didn
da hgc d THCS.
1 12

PHIEU HOC TAP
Cau 1. Chgn phuong an dung
Dd ldn ciia luc tuong tac gifla hai didn tfch didm diing ydn trong khdng khi
Id
F.
Nd'u tang khoang each dat hai didn tfch didm ldn gdp ddi thi luc
tucmg
tac ciia hai dien tfch didm :
A. tdng ldn gdp ddi.
B.
giam mot mia.
C. tang Idn gdp 4 lln.
D.
giam di 4 lln.
Cau 2. Hinh ve bdn bidu didn luc tuong tdc
-
gifla hai didn tfch didm
qj
vd
q2.
Ke't
ludn
nao dung Uong cae ke't
ludn
sau
^^^ ^^ q2
day?
A. dien tfch
qj
va

q2
ciing ddu
B.
didn tfch
qi
vd
q2
trdi ddu
C. dien tich
qj
va
qj
cd dd Idn bdng
nhau nhung trdi ddu
D.
dien tfch
qj
va
q2
cd dd Idn bang
nhau
Cau 3. Cho hai dien tfch didm cd dien tfch
qj
=-q2
dat trong nudc
each
nhau 3cm.
Luc tuong tac gifta chung bang
10"^N.
Tim

dd ldn cdc dien tfch dd va bieu
didn
luc
tuong tac gifla chung tren hinh ve.
13
BAI2
THUYfiT
fiLECTRON
DINH
LUAT
BAO
TOAN
DifiN
TICH
I - MUC
TifiU
1.
\i
kien thiic
- Nam dugc ndi dung thuydt electron.
- Ap dung thuyd't dlectron dd giai thich ba hidn tugng nhidm didn,
- Phat bidu va hidu dugc dinh ludt bao todn dien tfch.
- Hidu dugc su phan chia cac
chit
thanh hai
loai
la chd't din didn vd
chit
each
didn

chi cd tfnh tuong ddi. Hidu dugc muc dfch thf nghiem chiing minh thiiy tinh khi d
nhiet do thap la
chit
each
didn, nhung khi d nhidt dd cao trd ndn
din
didn dugc.
2.
Vi
kt
nang
-
Quan sat thf nghidm bidu didn cua giao vidn va nit ra kdt ludn vd hidn tugng vdt
If
quan sat dugc.
- Ap dung thuye't electron dd giai
tbich
cdc hien tugng nhidm didn
II
~
CHUAN
BI
Gido vien
- Chuan hi thf nghiem chiing minh thuy tinh la chdt
each
didn d nhidt dd thdp,
nhung d nhiet do cao thuy tinh trd thanh
din
dien. (GV co the tu che tao bd thi
nghiem

chdng
minh theo thiet
kdhoqt
ddng
dqy hgc dudi ddy)
Hpc sinh
-
On lai cac kien thdc
ve
so
luge
clu tao nguyen td,
chit
din
dien,
chit
cdch dien
da duge hgc d ldp 7 THCS.
- On lai cac hien tugng nhidm dien da hgc d bai trudc.
14
Ill
- THIET
K£
HOAT
DONG DAY
HOC
Hoat ddng cua hgc sinh
Boat dong
1.
Kiem tra, chuan bi dieu kien xuat

phat. Dat van de.
Suy
nghi
ed nhdn tim cau tra
Idi:
HS boat ddng ca nhan, sau dd trao
ddi nhdm va dai dien nhdm len bao
cao ke't qua.
Cd thd HS chi trinh bdy dugc cac
hien tugng nhidm didn,
vide
giai
thfch cac hidn tugng gap
be'
tic.
Ca nhan nhan thdc dugc
vdh
dd
cin
nghien
ciiu.
Boat dong 2.
Tim
hieu thuye't electron
Ca nhdn tie'p thu, ghi nhd.
HS
thao luan chung toan ldp.
- Ndu nguyen hi mat di mdt sd
electron thi tdng dai sd cac didn
tfch trong nguydn tii la mdt sd

*
duong. Ngugc lai, ndu nguyen
tfl
:
nhdn them mdt sd electron thi tdng i
dai sd cac didn tfch trong nguydn tur
la mot sd dm.
Cd nhan tid'p thu, ghi nhd.
T
Trd giiip cua giao
vi^n
GV ndu
cau
hdi kidm tra kid'n thiic cu.
- Trinh bay ndi dung so luge
cd'u
tao
nguyen tii ?
- Neu va giai thfch cac
each
nhidm
didn cho cae vat.
DVD : Dd giai thfch dugc cac hien
tugng nhidm dien chiing ta se dugc bo
sung them kid'n thdc vd clu tao nguydn
tir,
phat trien thanh Thuyet electron va
tim hidu Dinh ludt bao toan didn tfch.
GV thdng bao 2 ndi dung
diu

ciia
thuyd't dlectron.
GV ndu cdu hdi dd HS xay dung ndi
dung thd ba cua thuyd't dlectron
- Neu vi mdt If do nao dd, nguydn tii
mdt di hoac nhan thdm mdt sd electron
thi dien tfch cua nguyen
tii
se thay doi
thd
nao?
GV bd sung kid'n thdc :
- Khi tdng dai sd cac dien tfch trong
nguydn tii la mdt sd duong, nd
la
mot
ion duong. Ngugc Iai, khi tdng dai sd
cdc didn tfch trong nguydn tur la mdt sd
dm, nd la mot ion dm.
15
Boat ddng 3.
Giai thich ba hien tugng nhidm
dien
HS tid'p tuc boat ddng cd nhdn, sau
dd trao ddi nhdm va dai didn nhdm
ldn bao cao kd't qua.
• Hidn tugng nhidm didn do cg
xdt:
- Khi cg xdt thi dlectron se dich
chuydn tir thanh thuy tinh sang

mid'ng lua, do dd thanh thuy tinh
nhidm didn duong, mid'ng lua nhidm
didn dm.
Ca nhdn tid'p thu, ghi nhd.
-
Lia4
y : khdi lugng ciia dlectron
rit
nhd ndn dd linh ddng cua chung
rSft
ldn. Vi vdy, do mot sd didu kidn nao
dd mdt sd electron cd thd di chuydn tir
vat nay sang vat khac. Khi dd vat trd
thanh nhidm didn. Vat nhidm didn dm
la
vat thira
dlecn-on,
vdt nhidm didn
duong
la
vdt thid'u dlectron.
GV ydu clu HS Idm
vide
vdi phid'u hgc
tapsd
1.
GV cd thd ndu cdc cdu hdi ggi
^^:
- Thanh thiiy tinh cd mdt sd
eiecU-on,

khi cg xat vdi lua thi sd electron thay
ddi thd'ndo?
- Khi dd, thanh thuy tinh se thiia hay
thie'u dlectron ?
- Thanh thuy tinh nhidm didn gi ?
Midhg lua
nhidm didn gi ?
GV
bd
sung (neu
cin)
: Nd'u cd nhflng
didm
ti^p xiic
gifla thuy tinh va
lua
thi
d
nhihig
diem tiep xuc dd cd
mdt
sd
dlectron
tfl
thuy tinh di chuydn sang
lua.
Khi thanh thuy tinh cg xdt vdi
lua
thi sd didm tiep xuc tang ldn
rit

Idn.
Do dd sd electron di chuyen tii thuy
tinh sang lua cung lang ldn. Vi vdy
thanh thiiy tinh nhidm didn duong,
manh
lua
nhidm didn dm. Thdi gian cg
xat cang
lau
thi sd dlectron dich
chuydn cang nhidu.
16
• Hien tugng nhidm dien do tid'p
xuc :
- Khi eho thanh kim loai nhidm
didn
am
tid'p
xiic
vdi qua clu trung
hoa vd dien, thi mdt phdn
eiecUon
thira d thanh
kim loai
truydn sang
qua clu. Vi the' qua clu thiia
electron vd nhidm didn
am
- Ngugc Iai, nd'u cho thanh kim
loai

nhidm dien duong tidp xuc vdi qua
clu trung hod vd didn, thi mdt sd
electron d qua clu truydn sang
thanh kim
loai.
Vi
th^
qua clu thid'u
electron va nhidm didn duong.
• Hien tugng nhidm dien do hudng
ling:
- Thanh kim
loai
trung hod vd dien
dat
gin
qua clu nhidm didn am, thi
cac electron tu do trong thanh kim
loai
bi dly ra xa qua cau. Do dd,
diu
thanh
gin
qua clu thie'u
electron ndn nhidm dien dugng, cdn
diu
kia nhidm didn am.
Ca nhdn tiep thu kidn thdc.
-
Sd dlectron trong thanh kim

loai
khdng thay ddi, chi thay ddi su
phan bd dlectron.
Ca nhan tidp thu, ghi nhd.
- Nhan xet ve su nhidm dien cua thanh
kim loai nhidm didn
am
va qua clu
ming
hoa vd dien sau khi da cho chiing
tid'p
xiic
vdi nhau ?
- Khi tie'p xuc, electron se dich chuydn
nhu
the'
nao
?
- Giai thfch tuong tu vdi trudng hgp
thanh kim loai ban
diu
nhidm dien
duong?
- Electron tu do trong thanh kim loai
se chiu
luc
tac dung
luc
nao tdc dung ?
- Luc dd cd chidu nhu the' nao khi

thanh kim loai dat
gin
qua clu
nhidm
didn dm ?
Thdng bao : dlectron se dich chuydn
ngugc Iai
nd'u
thanh kim loai ddt
gin
qua clu nhidm didn ducfng. Do dd,
diu
thanh
gin
qua clu nhidm didn dm,
diu
kia nhidm didn ducfng.
-
^flidn
xet vd su thay ddi sd electron
ciia
thanh kim loai sau khi dat
gin
qua
clu nhidm didn am ?
GV thd
che'hoa
kidn thdc :
Vay thuc
chit

cua su nhidm dien do
hudng
ling
la su phdn bd Iai didn tfch
trong thanh kim loai.
2-TKBGV.L11(NC)
17
Boat dong 4.
On tap kid'n thurc ve chd't din dien
va chat
each
didn
Suy
nghi
cd nhan tim
cau
tra
Idi.
- Cha't
din
didn la cha't cho ddng
didn chay qua.
-
Chdt
each
dien Id
chit
khdng cho
ddng didn chay qua
Ca nhdn tid'p thu, ghi nhd.

HS thuc hidn nhiem vu.
- Vf du vd
chit din
dien : Kim
loai
cd nhidu dlectron tu do, dung dich
mudi,
axit,
bazo cd nhidu ion
tu
do,
-
Vi du
vd
chit
each dien : Thuy
tinh, nudc nguydn
chit,
khdng khf
khd
Suy
nghT
ca nhdn tim cdu tra Idi.
HS bi dua vao tinh
thd'
bd'
tic
-
The'
nao la

chit din
didn ?
Ch^t each
didn?
GV thd
chd'
hod
kid'n thiic :
Dd
chit din
didn cho ddng didn chay
qua dugc thi nd phai cd nhidu hat mang
didn cd tfnh
chit
la cd thd di chuydn
duge trong nhihig khoang Idn hon
nhidu lln kich thUdc phdn thii ciia vat.
Nhiing hat dd ggi Id cac didn
tich
tu do.
vay
nhung vat
(chit)
cd chfla nhidu
didn tfch tu do
la
nhflng vat
(chit)
ddn
didn. Ngugc lai nhflng vdt

(chit)
cd
chiia ft didn tfch tu do
la
nhflng vdt
(chit)
each dien.
GV ydu clu HS
lly
cac vf du vd chd't
din
didn va
chit
each didn.
- Dua vdo tfnh
din
didn cua mdi
trudng, ngudi ta phdn bidt cdc vat
din
didn va
cac
vdt cha dien. Ndi
ring
su
phdn bidt dd chi cd tfnh tucfng ddi Id
ddng bay sai ?
18
Ca nhdn quan sdt.
Thao
ludn

chung toan Idp.
- Vi ddy tdc da bi cdt dut, thuy tinh
khdng
din
didn ndn bdng den
khdng sdng.
HS hi dua vao tinh thd'
b^
tie
hoac
tinh the'phdn
xet.
HS
quan sdt, tra
Idi:
- Dung nhu. giai thfch d trdn : d
nhidt do
Uiudng
ihuy tinh khdng
din
dien.
- 6 nhiet dd cao thuy tinh
din
didn.
GV gidi. thidu bd
thi
nghidm ehiing
minh va neu cdu hdi vd vln dd
cin
nghidn

ciiu
Diing hai
bdng den
loai 220V -
75W, mdt
bdng ddp vd
vd
cit ddi
ddy tdc, hai
bdng mdc
ndi tid'p vdi
nhau (hinh
ve bdn).
- Hien tugng gi xay ra ndu mdc hai
diu
mach dien trdn vao ngudn didn
220V?
- Hidn tugng gi xay ra nd'u dimg den
cdn ddt ndng
phin
thuy tinh gifla bai
chan ndi hai
diu
day tdc ciia bdng den?
GV
ti6h
hanh thf nghidm vd ydu clu
HS quan
sat dd nit ra ke't
luan.

- Ldm
thi
nghidm khi chua ddt den
cdn.
- Lam thf nghidm khi da ddt den cdn.
Thi chd' hoa kid'n thdc : Vay
sir
phdn
chia cdc
chit
thanh
chit din
didn va
ch^t each
didn chi cd tfnh tuong ddi.
19
Boat dong
^.
Nghien cdu dinh
luat
bao toan
dien
tich
HS thao luan chung toan ldp.
- Tdng dai sd cae dien tfch cua qua
clu kim loai va thanh kim loai trudc
va sau khi tie'p
xiic
khdng thay doi.
Ca nhdn tid'p thu, ghi nhd.

Boat dong 6.
Cung cd bai hgc va dinh hudng
nhiem vu hgc tap tie'p theo
Ca nhan nhdn nhiem vu hgc tap.
- Cd nhan xet gi vd tdng dai sd cdc
didn tfch ciia qua clu kim
loai
va thanh
kim
loai
trudc va sau khi tid'p
xiic
d
thi
nghidm nhidm didn do tid'p xuc ?
GV ndu cdu hdi ggi y :
- Dien tfch cua thanh kim loai trudc va
sau khi tiep xuc cd thay d6i khdng ?
Ndu cd thi thay ddi nhu thd nao ? Tai
sao ?
Thdng bao : Ta coi hd gdm qua clu va
thanh kim
loai
d tren khdng trao ddi
didn
tich
vdi cac hd khac, hd nhu vdy
ggi la he cd ldp vd didn.
GV thdng bao dinh ludt bao toan didn
tich.

- Cho ddn nay dinh ludt bao toan didn
tfch da dugc kidm nghidm trong nhidu
kidn khac nhau, nhung ngudi ta chua
gap mdt trudng hgp nao chiing td dinh
luat
nay khdng dugc thoa man.
Ydu clu
HS
hoan thanh bai 1, 2 SGK.
GV ydu clu
HS Idm vide
d nha :
-
Lam bdi tap trong phid'u hgc tap sd 2.
- On lai khai nidm tfl trudng, tfl phd,
dudng
siic
tfl d ldp 9 THCS.
- On lai khai nidm vd trudng
hSip din
d
ldp
10
THPT.
- On Iai
luc
tuong tac Cu-idng.
20
PHl£u
HOC

TAP
SO
1
C5u
1. Hidn tugng gi xay ra ndu cho thanh thuy tinh cg xat vao
midhg lua?
Giai
thfch tai sao lai cd hien tugng tren ?
Cdu 2. Hidn tugng xay ra
ndii
ta cho thanh kim loai nhidm didn am tidp xuc vdi
qua clu trung hod vd didn va
cho
thanh kim loai nhidm dien ducfng tidp
xiic
vdi qua clu trung hoa vd didn? Giai thfch tai sao lai cd hidn tugng trdn ?
Cdu 3. Hidn tugng gi xay ra ndu cho thanh kim loai trung boa vd didn lai
gin
qua
clu nhidm didn am vd cho thanh kim
loai
trung hoa vd didn Iai
gin
qua clu
nhidm didn duong ? Gidi thich tai sao lai cd hidn tugng trdn ?
PHIEU HOC TAP SO 2
Cdu
1,
Chgn cdu sai trong cdc cdu sau
A. Trudc va sau khi mdt vat nhidm didn, tdng dai sd cac didn tfch trdn

vdt dd luc sau
ludn
khae vdi
luc
diu.
B.
Trong mdt hd cd
lap vd
didn, tdng dai sd
eac
dien
tieh
ludn
la
mdt hang sd.
C. Trong su nhidm dien do cg sat, su xult bidn cua didn tich dm trdn vat
nay ludn kem theo su
y.^jiit
hidn cua didn
U'ch
duong va cd ciing dd ldn trdn
vdt kia.
D.
Dien tfch ciia vdt nhidm didn ludn la bdi sd nguyen ciia didn
tich
nguydn td.
Cdu 2. Chgn cdu tra
Idi
diing
Mdt vat

each
didn mang didn tfch duong dat
gin
(nhung khdng cham vao
chiing) hai qua clu kim
loai
tid'p xdc vdi nhau. Hai qua clu sau dd dugc
tach nhau ra. Qua clu
Iiic diu
dat xa vat
each
dien hon se:
A. khdng mang dien tfch
B.
mang didn tfch am
C. mang didn tfch ducfng
D.
mang didn duong hoac am
CAu
3.
Hai qua clu nhu nhau dugc tfch didn cd dd Idn khdc nhau. Sau khi
dugc cho cham vdo nhau rdi tach ra thi chiing se ludn
A. dly nhau.
B.
hdt nhau.
C. trung hod vd didn.
D.
khdng dly va cung khdng hdt nhau.
21
BAI3

DifiNTRUCJNG
I - MUC
Tl£U
1. Vi
ki#'n
thiic
- Tfl khai nidm ve trudng
hip
din
d ldp 10 THPT dua ra dugc khai nidm vd didn
trudng, tfnh
chit
co ban ciia dien trudng.
- Phdt bidu duge dinh nghia vecto cudng dd didn trudng. Hidu dugc cudng dd didn
trudng
Id
mdt vecto.
- Hidu va van dung dugc bidu thdc xac dinh vecto cudng dd didn
tturdng
vd cudng
do dien trudng ciia mdt didn tfch diem.
- Tfl khai niem dudng sflc tfl d ldp 9 THCS bgc sinh dua ra dugc khdi nidm dudng
sdc dien. Hieu dugc y nghTa ciia dudng sflc didn, quy
tie
ve cac dudng sflc didn.
Bidt dugc su gidng va khac nhau gifla cdc
"
dudng hat bdt" cua didn phd vd cdc
dudng sflc didn.
- Tra

Idi
dugc cdu hdi didn trudng ddu la gi va bie't dugc didn trudng bdn trong hai
tdrn kim
loai
tfch didn trai ddu va cd dd ldn bdng nhau Id didn trudng ddu.
2.
Vi
ki
nSng
- Quan sdt thf nghidm bidu didn cua GV va rut ra kd't
ludn
vd hidn tugng vdt If
quan sdt dugc.
- Tfl hinh anh didn phd ve dugc hinh dang cac dudng sflc didn.
- Bidu didn cdc vecto cudng dd didn trudng gdy ra bdi mdt
bode
nhidu didn tfch
didm.
- Thie't
k^
phuong an thf nghiem didn phd
- Giai mdt sd bdi todn xac dinh cudng dd dien trudng gdy ra bdi mdt hodc vdi dien
tfch didm.
II-CHUXNBI
Gido vien
- Bd thf nghidm didn phd ciia mdt vdt mang didn
tich
22
Hpc sinh
-

On
lai khai nidm tfl hudng, tfl
phd,
dudng sflc tfl d Idp 9 THCS.
- 6n Iai khai nidm vd uudng
hip din
d
Idp
10 THPT.
-
6n lai luc tuong tac
Cu-I6ng.
Ill - THifiT Kf HOAT
D6NG
DAY
HOC
Boat ddng cua hgc sinh
Trg giiip cua giao
vi#n
Boat ddng 1.
Kidm tra, chuin bi dieu kien
xu^t
phat. Dat van de
Ca nhdn suy
nghT
tim cdu tra
Idi:
- Tfl trudng tdn tai xung quanh
nam chdm va xung quanh ddng
didn.

- Cd thd nhdn bie't tfl
U:udng
bdng
nam chdm
thfl.
- Dudng sflc tfl cho phep ta bidu
didn tfl uudng.
Ca nhan nhdn
thflc
dugc
v^
dd
cin
nghien cflu.
GV neu cdu hdi kidm tra kid'n thflc cfl :
- Tfl trudng tdn tai d dau ? Lam
th^
nao
dd nhan
bi^t
dugc tfl trudng ? Bidu didn
tfl trudng bang hinh ve nhu thd
nao
?
DVD : Ta da bid't xung quanh nam
cham hoac ddng dien tdn tai tfl trudng,
ne'u ta dat mdt nam cham hay ddng didn
trong tfl trudng thi nam chdm hay ddng
didn se chiu mdt luc tfl tac dung. Hai
dien tich dat Uong chan khdng khdng

tid'p xuc vdi nhau nhung vln hdt hodc
dly nhau. Chung tac dung len
nhau
bdng
each
nao ? Dd tra Idi dugc cau hdi
nay chung ta hgc
bai:
Didn trudng.
23