Tập bài giảng từ vựng thực hành

TẬP BÀI GIẢNG
TỪ VỰNG THỰC HÀNH
LỜI NÓI ĐẦU
Giáo trình Từ vựng thực hành Tiếng Anh (Vocabulary in use) được
biên soạn nhằm nâng cao chất lượng giảng dạy và học tập học phần Từ vựng
thực hành Tiếng Anh, đặc biệt là khả năng giao tiếp tiếng Anh cho sinh viên
chuyên ngành Tiếng Anh trường Cao đẳng Vĩnh Phúc, tác giả mong muốn chọn
lựa và chắt lọc những nội dung phù hợp nhất cho sinh viên khi nghiên cứu học
phần Từ vựng thực hành.
Giúp sinh viên hệ thống lại kiến thức về từ vựng theo các chủ điẻm, đồng
thời có thể phát triển thêm các kỹ năng khác như: đọc, viết về các chủ đề thông
dụng trong cuộc sống và học tập. Củng cố và phất triển năng lực thực hành vốn
từ vựng phong phú với các tình huống giao tiếp bằng tiếng Anh cũng như tiếp
thu và vận dụng kiến thức đã học vào việc nghiên cứu và phát triển nghề nghiệp
trong tương lai.
Trên cơ sở chắt lọc và nghiên cứu những nội dung cơ bản và phù hợp với
trình độ sinh viên chuyên ngành Tiếng Anh năm thứ nhất- học kỳ I (trình độ B1,
chuẩn Khung tham chiếu năng lực Châu Âu) - tương đương với 03 đơn vị học
trình, tác giả biên soạn tập bài giảng với mong muốn giúp sinh viên chuyên
Tiếng Anh trường Cao đẳng Vĩnh Phúc có được tài liệu học tập phù hợp với học
phần Từ vựng thực hành (Học và thực hành từ vựng Tiếng Anh chuyên sâu và
hiệu quả).
Nội dung tập bài giảng nghiên cứu tập trung vào các phần như:
1. Giới thiệu mục tiêu bài học (Objectives).
2. Nội dung bài học (Contents):
- Chủ điểm: People and daily lifes; working and earning; inventions and
discoveries; nature and and the universe; fun and games; buying and selling;
friends and relations; problems and solutions.
- Nội dung bài học cụ thể như sau: Topic vocabulary (Từ vựng theo chủ
đề), Word formation (Cấu tạo từ), Word patterns (Cấu trúc từ), Prepositional
phrases (Cụm giới từ), Phrasal verbs (Cụm động từ), Practice (Thực hành thông

qua bài tập).
TABLE OF CONTENTS
UNITS
CONTENTS
PAGES
UNIT 1
PEOPLE AND DAILY LIFE
1.1. Objectives
1.2. Contents
Topic vocabulary, word formation, word patterns,
prepositional phrases, phrasal verbs,
1.3. Practice
1.4. Further practice
1- 9
UNIT 2
WORKING AND EARNING
2.1. Objectives
2.2. Contents
Topic vocabulary, word formation, word patterns,
prepositional phrases, phrasal verbs,
2.3. Practice
2.4. Further practice
10- 17
UNIT 3
INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES
3.1. Objectives
3.2. Contents
Topic vocabulary, word formation, word patterns,
prepositional phrases, phrasal verbs,
3.3. Practice

18- 28
3.4. Further practice
UNIT 4
NATURE AND THE UNIVERSE
4.1. Objectives
4.2. Contents
Topic vocabulary, word formation, word patterns,
prepositional phrases, phrasal verbs,
4.3. Practice
4.4. Further practice
29- 36
UNIT 5
FUN AND GAMES
5.1. Objectives
5.2. Contents
Topic vocabulary, word formation, word patterns,
prepositional phrases, phrasal verbs,
5.3. Practice
5.4. Further practice
37- 45
UNIT 6
BUYING AND SELLING
6.1. Objectives
6.2. Contents
Topic vocabulary, word formation, word patterns,
prepositional phrases, phrasal verbs,
6.3. Practice
6.4. Further practice
46- 54
UNIT 7

FRIENDS AND RELATIONS
7.1. Objectives
7.2. Contents
Topic vocabulary, word formation, word patterns,
prepositional phrases, phrasal verbs,
7.3. Practice
7.4. Further practice
55- 62
UNIT 8
PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
8.1. Objectives
8.2. Contents
Topic vocabulary, word formation, word patterns,
prepositional phrases, phrasal verbs,
8.3. Practice
8.4. Further practice
63- 70
STOP AND CHECKS
71- 75
A sample test
76- 79
Revision
80- 82
References
83
1
UNIT 1: PEOPLE AND DAILY LIFE
1.1. OBJECTIVES
- In this Unit, the vocabulary will be revised in details through family word,
exercises and texts.

- The block of vocabulary that relates to the unit and focuses on the word
formation of people and objects.
- Providing the context for revising the present and present continuous (for
things happening now) and practice some sentence patterns to present a new
vocabulary group.
1.2. CONTENTS
1.2.1. Topic vocabulary
Topic vocabulary is the part of speeches that relate to the following
admit (v)
arrest (v)
habit (n)
identity card (Np)
routine (n, adj)
schedule (n)
2
charity (n)
commit (v)
community (n)
court (n)
criminal (adj, n)
culture (n)
familiar (n)
government (n)
illegal (adj)
politics (n)
population (n)
prison (n)
protest (n, v)
resident (n)
responsible (adj)

rob (v)
situation (n)
social (adj)
society (n)
steal (v)
tradition (n)
typical (adj)
vote (v, n)
youth club (np)
1.2.2. Verb phrases
break into: enter illegal
catch up (with): reach the same point/ level as
get away with: escape punishment for
get up: leave your bed
move in: start living in a new house, tec
put away: return sth to where it belongs
wake up: stop being asleep
wash up: wash plates, cups, cutlery, etc.
prepositional phrases:
3
against the law
at the age of
in public
in response to
in touch with
in your teens/ twenties/ etc
1.2.3. Prepositional phrases
against the law
at the age of
in public

in response to in touch (with)
in your teens/ twenties/ etc.
1.2.4. Word formation
agree: agreement, disagree
belief: believe, (un)believable
courage: courageous
elect: election
equal: equality, unequal
life: live, alive
nation: nationality, (inter)national
peace: peaceful(ly)
prison: prisoner
shoot: shot, shooting
1.2.5. Word patterns
4
Adjectives: angry with sb about
guilty of
Verbs: accuse sb of
blame sb for
blame sth on
criticise sb for
forget about
forgive sb for
invite sb to
punish sb for
share sth with
smile at
1.3. PRACTICE
Exrcise 1: circle the correct word.
1. It is illegal/ familiar to drive without wearing a seatbell?

2. Bob is very typical/ responsible. You can trust him completely.
3. The area where I live has a lot of illegal/ social problem.
4. Her face looked responsible/ familiar but I wasn’t sure who he was.
5. It was just another typical/ social day at the office.
Exercise 2: Complete by changing the form of the word in capitals.
1. Running after that thief was very of you! COURAGE
2. You looked so when you fell asleep on the sofa. PEACE
3. All four of my grandparents are still LIVE
4. Did you vote in the last ? ElECT
5. It can be very difficult for when they leave prison and go back
into the community. PRISON
5
6. At the end of the film, you hear a single and then Al Pacino falls
to the groun. SHOOT
7. It’s ! I’ve lost my glasses agains! BELIEVE
8. I think we’re all in that something must be done about the
problem. AGREE
9. Should I write “Bristish” or “English” as my ? NATION
10. We’ll only have real when women earn as much money as men.
EQUAL
Exericise 3: Write one word in each space.
1. You can’t blame me the bad weather.
2. You shouldn’t criticise people the way that they look.
3. I’m thinking of inviting Eliot barbecue.
4. You’re not angry what I said, are you?
5. The head teacher is going to punish us being late for class.
6. Ronals Jennings, you have been found guilty murder.
7. I’ll never forgive you whta you’ve done!
Exercise 4: Circle the correct word.
1. Don’t blame the theft on/ for Tim. He duidn’t steal anything.

2. I’ll share the sandwiches to/ with you, if you like.
3. They accused Tonya of/ for telling lies, but she was telling the truth.
6
4. Are you still angry with/ about me?
5. I’d completely forgotten for/ about the party. I’m not ready!
6. Trudy is such a lovely baby. She always smiles at/ to you when you sing to
her.
Exercise 5: Write one word in each gap
1. You can’t blame me the bad weather!
2. You shouldn’t criticize people the way that they look.
3. I’m thinking of inviting Eliot the barbicue.
4. You’re not angry what I said, are you?
5. The head teacher is going to punish us being late for class.
6. Jonald Jennings, you have been found guilty murder.
7. I’ll never forgive you what you have done!
Exercise 6: Complete using the correct form of verbs in the box.
admit; arrest; commit; protest; rob; steal; vote
1. You’ve never a crime , have you?
2. Most people who banks get cuaght eventually.
3. I think we should about the council’s plans to close the
playground.
4. John finally that he had broken the window after all.
5. If you didn’t have enough money for for, would you from a
supermarket.
7
6. A man has been in connection with the bank robbery last
Tuesday.
7. Are you going to in the local elections next week?
Exercise 7: Match to make sentences.
1. Someone has broken

2. I missed a few lessons but I’m catching
3. You’ll never get
4. I didn’t want to get
5. Our new neighbours moved
6. Do you want me to help you put
7. When I woke
8. You’re going to wash
A. up with the rest of the class quite quickly.
B. those plates up, aren’t you?
C. up when the alarm clock rang this morning.
D. up, realised I was late for school.
E. into my car and stolen the CD player.
F. all these clothes away?
G. away with this!
H. in next door today.
1.4. FURTHER PRACTICE
Exercise 1: Complete each second sentence using the word given, so that it
has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Write between two and five
words.
1. I'm almost certain I didn't leave my wallet in the cafe.
can't
I my wallet in the ca fe.
2. They'll find out that you've lied to them about your age.
away
8
You won't … ……………… lying to them about your age.
3. Todd lost my favourite CD , but I've forgiven him.
for
I've forgiven… ………………… my favourite CD.
4. The woman said that my uncle was a

thief !
accused
The woman ……………… a
thief!
5. Why didn't you check the time of the film?
shou Id
You… ……………………. the time of the film!
6. It'll be difficult to reach the others as they're a long way ahead.
up
It'll be difficult to …………………. . the others as they're a long way ahead.
7. Everyone said that I'd stolen the money!
blamed
Everyone stealing the money.
8. It's possible that Jean saw Don in the town cent re.
may
Jean Don in the town centre.
9. Our teacher thought that Trudy was responsible for the damage, but she wasn't.
blamed
Our teacher ……………………… Trudy, but she didn't do it.
10. It was wrong of you to take that money.
have
You ………………… that money.
Exercise 2: Complete using the words in the box.
11. I’v e go t a
passport,
but I haven't got an identity …………………
12.
That kind of benaviou. is o kay in private, but not in . ………. !
13.
I le arnt to ride a bike at the ……… of three.

14. It's against the …………………… to drive a car without a driving licence.
15. Could you put me in ………… with someone who knows about starting a website?
16. Shall we go t o the youth tonight?
17. When I was in my , I wanted to break all the rules!
18. I am writing in ……… to your letter of 15
th
November.
Exercise 3: Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word
9
that fits in the gap in the same line.
A politician speaks
It's my ( 19 ) that we all have some very important questions
BELIEVE
to ask in this ( 20) . What kind of a country do we want to
ELECT
live in? How can we achieve
(21)
for everyone? Ho w can
EQUAL
we all live ( 22 ) ………… with each other? I think that everyone here
PEACE
who was ( 23 ) 20 or 30 years ago will be in complete
LIVE
(24 ) ……………. that life is better now than it was then. But there are
AGREE
still many local and ( 25 ) . problems to solve. Who's going
NATION
to solve them? My political party, or the other parties? I want you, the voter, to be
(26 ) . and vote for the only person who can really make a
COURAGE

difference. Me !
10
UNIT 2: WORKING AND
EARNING
2.1. OBJECTIVES
In this Unit, the vocabulary will be revised in details through family word,
exercises and texts.
- The block of vocabulary that relates to the unit and focuses on the word
formation of working and earning.
- Providing the context for revising and practicing some sentence patterns to
present a new vocabulary group.
2.2. CONTENTS
2.2.1. Topic vocabulary
ambition (n) earn (v) poverty (n)
application (n) fame (n) pressure (n)
bank account (n phr) goal
(n)
previous (adj)
boss
(n)
impress (v) profession (n)
career (n) income (n) retire
(v)
11
coll eague (n) industry
(n)
salary (n)
company
(n)
interview

(v,
n) staff (n)
contract
(n)
leader
(n)
strike
(n)
department
(n)
manager
(n)
tax
(v,
n)
deserve (v) pension
(n)
wealthy (adj)
2.2.2. Phrase verbs
call off: cancel
give back: return
5th
you have taken/borrowed
go on: happen
put off: delay
en
a
later time
set up: start (a
business,

organisation, etc)
stay up:
go to bed late
Take away :
remove
take over: take control of (a business. etc)
2.2.3. Prepositional phrases
on business at the moment
on strike in charge of
on/off duty on time
2.2.4. Word formati on
assist :
assistant, assistance
occupy :
occupation
beg:
beggar
office:
officer, (un)official
boss:
bossy
retire:
retired, retirement
employ :
(un)employment, employer, employee, unemployed
safe:
save, unsafe, safety
fame :
famous
succeed :

success, (un)successful
2.2.5. Word pattern s
careful with depend on
12
difficult for inform sb about
fed up with refer to
ready for work as
responsible for work for
V
erbs :
apply for
N ouns :
a kind of
2.3. PRACTICE
Exercise 1: Choose the correct answer.
1. Bob joined the ………………… about six years ago.
A. ambition B. fame C. pension D. company
2. We lost £10 million last year be cause of the workers' ………………. over money.
A. strike B. department C. colleague D. tax
3. I'm sure it' s go od to be well known, but …………………… isn't everything.
A. boss B. interview C. fame D. poverty
4. Don't sign the ……………… until you've read every word of it!
A. industry B. contract C. staff D. profession
5. My grandfather stopped working tw o years ago and now he gets a ………………
A. pressure
B.
leader C. pension D. department
6. Charles worked in the same job for almost the whole of his… …………………
A. colleague B. manager C. industry D. career
7. You should be able to save; a little money with a/an ………… of €30, 000 per year.

A. application B. income C. leader D. goal
8. Can I in troduce you to Isaac, a … …………… of mine from work?
A. profession B. department C. colleague D. salary
Exercise 2: Complete using a word formed from the letters given.
1. I had a lot more resp onsibility in my ………………… job.
IOR VUE
P
S
2. Why not open one of our new Supersaver bank… ………. ?
C
S
N O A U C
T
3. It's alw ays been my ……………. to work in advertising.
B T
MO I I
A N
13
4. Frank left university and got a job
in
the computer … ……………
DY T U R
SIN
5. The family lived in . ………………a fter Mr Bucket lost his job.
TOY
V EP R
6. His parents left him a lot of money and now Neil is extremely
A
E H Y
T

W
7. You usually need a degree and some training to j oin the t eaching …………… .
ORIOFSPNSE
8. All members of …………….here get three weeks holiday a year.
A
T
F
S F
Exercise 3: Complete using the correct form of the verbs in the box.
deserve; earn; impress; interview; retire; tax
1. Isabelle really her manager and soon she was given a better job.
2. My dad said that he wants to ……………… when he's sixty.
3. We …………………. everyone who applies for a job before making our decision.
4. The government… ………… everyone who works and then spends the money on roads,
hospitals and things like that.
5. Wendy works hard for the company and I t hink she ……… a more challenging job.
6. I read rece ntly that women still ………. less than men for the same job and I don't think it’s
fair.
Exercise 4: Each of the words in bold is wrong. Write the correct word.
1. The manager told me I was too
boss
and that I should discuss things with …………
my colleagues rather than telling them what to do all the time.
2. Being a firefighter is a very stressful
occupy
……………………
3. It takes a lot of hard work to be
succeed
in this business. ………………
4. I wouldn't like to become so

fame
that I couldn't go out in
public! ………………
5. Kate is 60 next week and she's leaving, so remember to wish
her 'Happy
Retire'. …………
6. It took Ralph a long time to find a new job - he was
employ
for nearly two years………
14
Exercise 5: Circle the correct word
1. D on't know why but I've always wanted to work
as / of
a farmer.
2. They want a computer programmer at the office down the road and Fiona has applied
about / for
the job.
3. I'll look after the office while you're away - you can depend
on / with
me.
4. My mum is a neurologist, which is a kind
from / of
doctor.
5. I think it's time for a change. I'm fed up
on / with
working here.
6. Tessa is responsi ble
for / with
answering the phone and taking messages.
Exercise 6: Write the word in each gap.

1. I
wanted to become a vet, but the cou rse was too difficult ……………… me.
2. Roberto got up late and only had ten minutes to get ready …………… work.
3. Wh en they informed me …………… the hours I had to work, I couldn't believe it.
4. Please be careful, ……………. my laptop. I need it for work.
5. Is it a good idea in the interview to refer ……………. your previous job?
6. I like working ……………… a large company beca use there are lots of opportunities,
2.4. FURTHER PRACTICE
Exercise 1: Use the word given in caoitals at the end of each line to form a word
that fits in the gap in the same.
My grandfather's career
My grandad had a long car eer. He started work as an (1 )……………………
ASSIST
and worked his way to the top. He was very
(2)
and he
SUCCESS
(3) …………
the company from disaster many times. When he was
SAFE
in charge he was never
(4) …
He understood people and all
BOSS
the
(5)
admired him. He was an engineer, which is quite
EMPLOY
a difficult
(6) ,

and for
40
years he worked on many
OCCU PY
projects. Finally, he reached
65, which
was the
(7) ……………….
OFFICE
15
age of
(8)
in his company. He was very well known to
RETIRE
other engineers - you might even say he was
(9)
! He was
FAME
always very busy when he was working, but now he's
(10) ,
RETIRE
he's got a lot more time to spend with his grandchildren!
Exercise 2: Complete each second sentence using the word given, so that it has a
similar meaning to the first sentence. Write between two and five words.
11. It's ……………………………. me to work today!
too
It’s……………………….me to work today!
12. I can't go to bed late because I've got to work in the morning.
up
I can't late because I've got to work in the morning.

13. You're too young to join the army.
old
You're. ………………………. to join the army.
14. Why did the boss cal'lcel the
meeting?
off
Why did the bess the meeting?
15. Let's start our own business!
set
Let's our own business!
16. I have so much work at the moment that I have to work on Sundays.
such
I have work at the moment that I have to work on
Sundays.
17. The manager wanted to know what was happening i n the other office.
on
The manager wanted to know what was .in the other office.
18. I didn't call early enough to speak to the manager.
too
I . …………… to speak to the manager.
Exercise 3: Match to make sentences.
19. Mr Robinson is responsible
20. We need to inform everyone
21. Trisha seems to be fed up
22. Your salary depends




A. on how long you’ve been working

here.
B. About the new time of the meeting.
C. To last year as “a disaster”.
D. Of teacher, I suppose
16
23. I would love to work
24. During the meeting, the
manager referred
25. I’m a swimming instructor,
which is a kind
26.It’s important when you apply




E. For interviewing people applying for
job.
F. For interviwing people applying for
jobs.
G. As a racing driver, or maybe a car
mechanic.
H. With her job and is thinking of
finding a new one.
Exercise 4: Choose the correct answer.
27 . This job is much . than the last one! 31 . What's the ………… job you' ve ever had?
A. hard C. harder A. most good C. better
B. hardest D. more hard B. best D. good
28 . Charlotte earns " .much money that 32 . The office is …. a long way that I
she can't spend it all! have to catc h two buses.
A. such C. too A. too C . enough

B. enough D. so B. such D. so
29 . We hav e to work much longer each day 33 . Ray works as an artist and doesn't earn
in myoid job. . to pay his b ills each month.
A. from C. with A. too C. so
B. that D. than B. enough D. such
30 . I called as soon as I saw job advert, but it 34 . Our c ompany is moving into a ………………
was late. building next week.
A. enough C. too A. larger C. more large
B. such D . so B. largest D. most large
35 . Anita works really hard and to be 39 . My main ………… is to become a lawyer.
paid more. A. purpose C. ambition
A. worth C. deserves B. emotion D. want
B. values D . requires .
40 . During the Job ………. they asked me lots
17
36 . It takes me about half an hour to get ready of really difficu lt questions.
work each morning. A. chat C. conversation
A. for C. about B. talk D. interview
B.on D. with .
41 . World Industnes
IS
planning to .
37.
I'm going to stay at university and try to over our business .
off getting a job for a few years! A. get C. move
A. stay C. move B. take D. set
B put D set .
42 . Our teachers a re strike, so we
38 . May I introduce you to my . ? don't have to go to school today!
A. worker C. relation A. for C. out

B. staff D. colleague B. in D. on
18
UNIT 3: INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERRIES
3.1. OBJECTIVES
In this Unit, the vocabulary will be revised in details through family word,
exercises and texts.
- The block of vocabulary that relates to the unit and focuses on the word
formation of inventions and discoveries.
- Providing the context for revising and practicing some sentence patterns to
present a new vocabulary group.
3.2. CONTENTS
3.2.1. Topic vocabulary
artificial (adj) experiment (v, n) operate (v)
auto matic (adj) gadget (n) plastic (n, adj)
19
complicated (adj) hardware (n) program (v, n)
decrease (v, n) invent (v) research (n)
digital (adj) involve (v) run (v)
discover (v) laboratory (n) screen (n)
effect (n) lack (v, n) software (n)
equ ipment (n) laptop (n) sudden (adj)
estimate (v) maximum (adj) technology (n)
exact (adj) minimum (adj) unique (adj)
3.2.2. Phrases verbs
break down :
stop working (for a machine, etc)
come across:
find sth by chance
find
out:

discover information, etc
make
up : invent an ex planation, excuse, etc
pull off : break by
throw away:
put sth in a rubbish bin
turn off : stop a machine working
turn on:
start a machine working
3.2.3. Preposional phrases
at last
by chance
in my opinion
in the end
in the future
out of order
3.3.4. Word formation
boil: boiler, boiling
chemist: chemical, chemistry
conclude: conclusion