Appendix examining the relationship between bicultural stress and psychological well being among korean adolescents in singapore a mixed methods study

Appendix F. Content Validity Index (CVI)
191

INSTRUCTION – this measure is designed to evaluate to content validity of a measure. Please rate each item as follows:
 Please rate the level of representativeness on a scale of 1 – 4, with 4 being the most representative. Space is provided for you to comment on the item or to suggest
revisions.
 Please indicate the level of clarity for each item, also on a four-point scale. Again, please make comments in the space provided.
 Please indicate to which factor the item belongs. The factors are listed along with a definition of each. If you do not think the item belongs with any factor specified,
please circle number 5 and write in a factor that may be more suitable.
 Finally, evaluate the comprehensiveness of the entire measure by indicating items that should be deleted or added. Thank you for your time.
Theoretical definition:
“bicultural stressor”
- Sources of stress which result
from conflict between different
cultures
- Result from social interaction in
relation to cultural differences
with other youths, teacher or
family members (peer and school
context and family context)
Representativeness:
1 = item is not representative
2 = item needs major revisions to be
representative
3 = item needs minor revisions to be
representative
4 = item is representative
Clarity:
1 = item is not clear
2 = item needs major revisions to be clear
3 = item need minor revisions to be clear

4 = item is clear
Factors:
1 = stressors in peer context
2 = stressors in family
context
3 = stressors in multicultural
/multilingual context
4 = stressors of
discrimination (positive or
negative)
5 = item not belong to any
factor
Family obligation
I have been treated badly because of my
English accent

1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Treated bad because of accent
Because of family obligation I can’t
always do what I want
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5

Factor
Worried about immigration
I have worried about family members or
friends having problems with
immigration
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Appendix F. Content Validity Index (CVI)
192

Problem at school because of poor
English
I have had problems at school because of
my poor English
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Uncomfortable with other cultures
do not feel comfortable with people
whose culture is different from mine
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4

Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor

Pressure to learn mother tongue
I have felt pressure to learn Korean
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Need better mother tongue
I have felt that I need to speak Korean
better
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Argue with friends
I have argued my friends over being too
traditional
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor

My friend think I act Singaporean
My friends think I am acting
‘Singaporean’
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Parents say I don’t respect elders
My parents feel I do not respect older
people the way I should
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Uncomfortable with ethnic joke
I feel uncomfortable when others make
jokes about or put down people of my
ethnic back ground
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Argue with family about tradition
I have argued with family members

because I do not want to do some
traditions
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Translate for parents
I have had to translate/interpret for my
parents
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Appendix F. Content Validity Index (CVI)
193

Lonely because family not united
I have felt lonely and isolated because
my family does not stick together
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Not accepted because of my ethnicity

I have felt that others do not accept me
because of my ethnic group
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Help parents in Singapore
I have had to help my parents by
explaining how to do things in Singapore
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Can’t be like Singaporean kids
I feel like I can’t do what most
Singaporean kids do because of my
parents’ culture
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Belong to gang for ethnicity
I feel that belonging to a gang is part of
representing my ethnic group

1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Don’t understand different culture
Sometimes I do not understand why
people from different ethnic background
act a certain way
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Harder to success because of ethnicity
Sometimes I feel that it will be harder to
succeed because of my ethnic
background
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Keep being a Korean (ethnicity)
I have felt pressure to be different from
local peers
1 2 3 4

Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Bias for Korean culture
I feel uncomfortable when local friends
show their bias for Korean culture
1 2 3 4
Comments

1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Feeling of separation
I have a feeling of separation from local
friends
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Appendix F. Content Validity Index (CVI)
194

Treated different because of ethnicity
I have been treated differently because
of my ethic background (Korean)

1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Bias for Korean people
I feel uncomfortable when local friends
show their bias for Korean people
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Pressure to learn Chinese
I felt pressure to learn Chinese
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Feeling of distance because of different
language use
I have felt a sense of distance from local
friends when they speak in their mother
tongue
1 2 3 4
Comments

1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Get attention because of my ethnicity
Sometimes it bothers me to get the
attention of local friends because of my
ethnic background (Korean)
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Pressure not to use Singlish
I have felt pressure not to use localised
English (Singlish)
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Don’t understand Singlish
Sometimes I don’t understand the local
accent of English

1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4

Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Pressure to become a trilingual
I have felt pressure to become a trilingual
(Korean, English and Other language like
Chinese)

1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Appendix F. Content Validity Index (CVI)
195

Immoderate interesting in Korean culture
Sometimes it bothers me that local
friends show their immoderate
interesting in Korean culture (Korean
language, Korean pop-culture, etc
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor
Pressure to learn other language
I have felt envious of people who can

speak in other language besides Korean
and English
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4
Comments
1 2 3 4 5
Factor