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chơng 5. phơng pháp chọn và nhân giống


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7URQJOQJWKQODWLG\WQJTXDQYLVFXG\
3+ml1*3+$v3/$,*,k1*.+2$,/$1*
7KQJFDSGXQJQKQJGJSNKRNKQYQKLXJLQJNKRDLODQJFRF
WQKEWWQJKSGRNFKWKFQPKRFKDWSKQKD\NKRKRFNKQJUDKRDNWKW
'RRFQQJKLQFXN\WUFNKLODL3KQJSKDSODLKXWQKNKRDLODQJJPFDFJLDL
RDQ
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91
&KRQFKDPH
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NWKS&DFJLQJPXQODLWKQJFWUQJWURQJFKXYDODPJLDQGKSWKXDQK
VDQJFKRUDKRDWW
.FKWKFKUDKRD
9LQKQJJLQJNKRUDKRDQJLWDFRWKDSGXQJFDFFDFK
*\FKQWKQJ.KLWKQGDLPQJLWDFWERWWFDQKQJQKDQKYDFKL
QDFK6DXRGXQJGDRFWGRFWKQWKDQKPWYWFWGDLNKRDQJFPVXNKRDQJ
QJNQKWKQWUDQKODPWWKQYWULFDFKJFFP6DXRGXQJJL\ERQJ
KD\G\FWFKWYWWKQJODL6DXQJD\FWWKPPWYWEQWUQYWFWFXWLSWXF

OQ3KQJSKDSQD\JLXSF\UDKRDPWVJLQJQKYQNKQJKRDQWRDQ
7DRTXDQJN\QJQ9LDQKVDQJJLQJD\F\VHUDKRDVDXWKDQJ
&QFKPVRFN\YWKLXDQKVDQJWKF\PRF\X
*KHSG\+LXTXDKQKDLSKQJSKDSWUQ1JLWDWKQJJKHSNKRDLODQJ
WUQQKQJJFF\FXQJKR&RQYROYXODFHDHYDGUDKRD
3KQJSKDSNWKS*KHSG\YDWDRRDQTXDQJN\*LXSWQJVKRDOQ
7\OXWUDLFXQJWQJ
7KXSKQ
&KLXQJD\WUFNKLWUQJLWDGXQJNHRYDQKSFWERQKFFXDKRDFDLYD
GXQJEDRJL\EDRODLNKQJODLOQ7KLJLDQWKXSKQWWQKWODJLVDXNKLKRDQ
OXFSKQKRDYDQKFDLFRVFVQJPDQKQKWNKRDQJJLVDQJ
*+(v39k7q1+.+2$,/$1*
iWQJFWQKWWGDYDRVWUDRLFKWJLDJFYDFDQKJKHS&RSKQJ
SKDS
7KDSFDQKGWKDQKFQJYWKQNKRDLODQJFRQKLXQKD&KRQJFWKDSPDQK
NKRHNKQJVXEQKWDOD'XQJGDRFWERQJRQJFWKDSVDXRFKHGRFWKQFKQK
PWRDQGDLNKRDQJFP
1JRQWKDSSKDLFKRQQKQJFDQKPDQKNKRHFWO\PWRDQQJRQFKFKD
ODQJRQYDWQKRQKDLEQYDJKHSYDRJFWKDS%XFFKWYDGXQJEQJJRQWKPQF
EQQJRDLFKHPDQQJ
7KDSPPFX&KRQQKQJPPFXWRXQ'XQJOLWKDSDSFXEQQD\OQ
FXNLDEXFFKW.KLYWFWODQKSKDLFWERQKQJPPEQWUQFXGXQJODPJFHP
JLP
3+ml1*3+$v31+h1*,k1*.+2$,/$1*
7UQJNKRDLODQJEQJKRPVDXYDLPXDG\NKRDLWKQJEVX\WKRDLYDFKRQQJ
VXWNHP1JX\QQKQY
6LQKVDQYWQKTXDOXODPWQJWQKQJQKWYVIKKRFODPJDPVFVQJ
FXDJL
'QJ0LQK*LDRWUQKPQd+RD0DXe.KRD1QJQJKLSi+&7
92

/QOQJLQJFXQJODPJLDPFWQKWW
*LQJNKQJFFKRQODELGQJQQSKDWWULQNHP
1JRDL UD QQJ GQ WKQJ FR WKRL TXHQ  GDQK KRP JLQJ OXFWKXKRDFK
WUQJYXVDX7X\WQFQJQKQJSKQJSKDSQD\ODPKRPE\XLJLDPFQJWQK
KRPYDVX\WKRDLGQQJWKLFXQJGWUX\QQKQJEQKWPXDWUFVDQJ
'RRPXQFRKRPJLQJWWVDQ[XWDLWUDFKXQJWDSKDLQKQJLQJNKRDL
ODQJWWUFWDLFDFOLSQJEQJFDFFXNKRDLJLQJmQJKRPEQJFXJLXSKRPF
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FKRQQJVXWFDR
7X\WKLJLDQQKQJLQJWDFRKDLSKQJSKDS
3KQJSKDSWUFWLS
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QKY\KDFQNKRDQJFXJLQJQJ6DXKDLWKDQJFKPVRFN\PWFXJLQJVH
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