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Hiệp định đối tác Xuyên Thái Bình Dương và sự tham gia của Việt Nam

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TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KINH TẾ QUỐC DÂN
VIỆN THƯƠNG MẠI VÀ KINH TẾ QUỐC TẾ

CHUYÊN ĐỀ THỰC TẬP
Tên đề tài
Hiệp định đối tác xuyên Thái Bình Dương
và sự tham gia của Việt Nam
Họ và tên sinh viên : Bùi Đức Toàn
Mã Sinh Viên : CQ528755
Chuyên ngành : Kinh tế quốc tế
Lớp : Kinh tế quốc tế 52D
Hệ : Chính quy
Thời gian thực tập : Đợt 1 năm 2014
Gio viên hướng d#n : GS. TS Đỗ Đức Bình
Hà Nội, tháng 05/2014
LỜI CAM ĐOAN
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Chương 1. Hiệp định đối tác xuyên châu Á Thái Bình Dương 8
1.1. Tổng quan về TPP 8
1.2. Hoa Kỳ với Hiệp định TPP 9
1.2.1. Mục tiêu Mỹ tham gia TPP 9
1.2.2. Tác động của Mỹ tới quá trình đàm phán TPP 11
1.3. Quá trình đàm phán của hiệp định TPP 11


1.3.1 Tổng quan quá trình đàm phán 11
1.3.2. Các bên đàm phán 15
1.3.3. Tính chất cam kết 16
1.3.4. Tình hình đàm phán 16
1.3.5. Phạm vi đàm phán 17
1.3.6. Các nội dung chính của Hiệp định TPP – P4 17
B
Chương 2. Những tác động của TPP tới nền kinh tế, thương
mại Việt Nam 19
2.1. Bối cảnh kinh tế của Việt Nam khi kí kết TPP 19
2.1.1. Tổng quan kinh tế Việt Nam 19
2.1.2. Tổng quan Thương mại Việt Nam 22
2.2. Hiệp định TPP mở rộng và sự tham gia của Việt Nam 27
2.2.1. Những cơ hội khi tham gia Hiệp định TPP 27
2.2.2. Những thách thức khi tham gia Hiệp định TPP 31
2.3. Những lợi ích Việt Nam có thể thu được từ TPP 34

2.2.1. Nhóm các lợi ích khai thác từ thị trường nước ngoài (các
nước đối tác TPP 34
2.2.2. Nhóm các lợi ích khai thác được tại thị trường nội địa (Việt
Nam) 36
2.2.3. TPP với sự cải cách kinh tế của Việt Nam 37
2.2.3.1. Hiệu quả trong việc nâng cao vai trò doanh nghiệp 37
2.2.3.2. Nâng cao năng lực cạnh tranh 38
2.4. Những bất lợi của TPP với kinh tế Việt Nam 39
2.4.1. Bất lợi đối với thị trường nội địa 39
2.4.2. Bất lợi ở thị trường các nước đối tác TPP 44
Chương 3. Kiến nghị về đàm phán và giải pháp để Việt
Nam tận dung cơ hội khi tham gia TPP 45
3.1. Một số quan điểm và kiến nghị 45

3.2. Những giải pháp để Việt Nam tận dụng cơ hội và hạn
chế thách thức do TPP đưa lại 46
KẾT LUẬN 48
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|Pc"#P ($}QPQf)

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#(Y#O_f#0_,~%O_#P%{
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P!PV#%S$•'__#QUU]]z
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K#N$0_,$.$U$P.j'e]&(sBGGg
0_,VP#&nPƒ#]
PPf&IIwBGIG#UUv
Ig0ƒ#fP #n…0ƒ#
]•0ƒ#BG‚P&zTK#NPBBwBwBGI4
P&
.x0_,UUimcSnQ%{
)b$zbz]%%^P•'_#xY
iOQS)N%^scP_
-_#UUcSc~%c^P^0_
,5T) nYfzyiT%Y$~y
fys#~%!_
-_#Q0_i†P _#QUU~%n
cy^ yiz#zynV!b'Q~%
'%^zem|Pc"#(
0P"N‡ ˆ-_#Q(k5*%SPV!
0_,‰$ !"#
2. Mục đích nghiên cứu của chuyên đề
A
,-_#QUU$Pƒ%m.j

cUU(P^0_,P%IV(Q##i
0_,"OxScUU
3. Đối tượng và phạm vi nghiên cứu
M:(%Yq-_#QUUPV!0_,
MUTPq
€0 cOqEP -_#UU$cO-_#QP
cO#$nc^ %ST
0_,$%cV(Q#PQ##"
OxScUU0_,
€0 {qEi&y##]$&s
BGG4sBGI4
4. Phương pháp nghiên cứu
K|OxaY##%S## (%($V
V$#f$aY#$$!‡
5. Kết cấu của chuyên đề
,{m]$OxPe$"
 rHcOfq
IEP -_#QUU
BcUU $%ST0_,
HEQ(P^#PQcV##i0_,
"OSUU
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NỘI DUNG
I. Khái quát về hiệp định đối tác xuyên Thái Bình Dương
1.1. Tổng quan về TPP
-_#QUU•+VuUWKNL
UNV#+NNN‚-_#Q:(Ek5*%S
*z][y4%^ƒ%Y‡U4
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1.2. Hoa Kỳ với Hiệp định TPP
1.2.1 Mục tiêu Hoa Kỳ tham gia TPP
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ztz•nP) %STƒOOmO%^{
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a( _••'__#Q%ST!Ovt
P^U$'P-R(‚% %{T
1.2.2. Tác động của Hoa Kỳ tới quá trình đàm phán TPP
.jvcf!P_zb#.j
P_zb-_#QUU‡i%YmTZ-
E…-E…yt%m)-_#QUU'%^c#$"#_(
Y#ZM5*%S5*%S$&yO!
ˆ"OQ!OZM5*%S‰O.jT$^
%%Y]
:#-_#QUUV!Y#%STZM
5*%S$•'_P!Z$v#iy$-
E…c•('•Sc#iZM5
*%S$r{~P‡P_O!S)Q$#
xTaxO_P $fQP
%SP!#isc)^˜
kk1
TccIdw4$Q™'="-TP_*PO
*NN$Q™'f%YP_.5VP:TO_%S
T-E…lE ]‡UU(P^-E…P
h!izb#
-E…("#,"5$.NPO$r{
}Q_#QUU#%YO!nb
Q™'f%YP_.5V)TUU]yn
ibSVP^_#QY#„~'•P‡
#UUyizP(s
1.3 Quá trình đàm phán
1.3.1 Tổng quan quá trình đàm phán

• , UU-_#Q:(Ef%Yk
5*%S%YtsBGG<$ƒ‡ˆ-_#QUM4‰
• ,sBGG`q-E…'e]#"P"P^%^UM4
II
• ,sBGGdq-E…O!c#UM4P OQPx
fP]%
• gwBGGdq:TO_%ST-E…$'K‘''O!
Q%^VŠ#-_#Q%ST!OO_
P^yUM4
• IIwBGGdq-E…$+V$UNP0_,'VŠ
\#P^(UM4–tc-_#Q%S
Tˆ_#N‰
• ,sBGGgq0_mc#UU'Qv
• IBwBGGgq:TO_%ST-E…'R(c
P tQP#UU
• HwBGIGq0ƒ#]OXT+V•'
q+V$=$UN$K#N$0_,$-E…$5P,N‘
’NO‚
• AwBGIGq0ƒ#OXT-E…
• IGwBGIGq0ƒ#'OXT5N•y
.VO!‚
• 0ƒ#4-_#QUU%YaT+O&
AMIGIBwBGIG$P^V!g%^•+V$5N$N$
.V$,N‘’NO$UN$K#N$.jP0_,‚$#xT%Y
'cP )P) #
• 0ƒ#<-_#Q:(k5*%SUU%Y
aTK&I4IdBsBGII$P^V!
g%^+V$5N$N$.V$,N‘’NO$UN$K#N$
-E…P0_,$#xn'%^^–T%Yc-_#
Q%STP!O_)%Y˜BI

• 0ƒ#A-_#Q(k5*%SUU%Y
aTK#N&B4wHIw4wBGII
• 0ƒ#`-_#Q:(k5*%S•UU‚
%YaTU-rf.$0_,&I<B4
AwBGII(UU•+V$5N$N$ .V$ ,N‘’NO$
IB
K#N$-E…$P0_,‚#xbcm)y
#
• 0ƒ#d-_#Q:(k5*%S•UU‚
vOXT$.j&AI<gsBGII(
UU•+V$5$N$.V$,N‘’NO$UN$K#N$.jP
0_,‚
• 0ƒ#gUUzPBdwIGwBGIIT=$
UNVIG#P^d`GT'iO!$'r
#$'P^ 
• 0ƒ#IGUUOXTE=#$.V&
<MgIBsBGII
• 0ƒ#IIUUOXT.N'N$+V&
IMgHsBGIB:Pƒ#]]'r)
y#i&cQvTUUT-n
IIs
• Vòng đàm phán lần thứ 12 Hiệp định đối tác xuyên Thái Bình
Dương (TPP) diễn ra tại Dallas, Texas (Hoa Kỳ) giữa tháng 5/2013 được giới
quan sát đặc biệt chú ý khi khái niệm "chuẩn mực kép". Cũng đầu năm
2013, Nhật Bản tham gia đàm phán và do đó đã nâng số thành viên lên 12
thành viên.
• 0ƒ#IHUUOX&BMIG`wBGIBTK
*N$W$-E…vT%Yni‡y
#vT%Y'c‡P) %$OQPx
'^$ $]%$fVT$Y#P

O!s!Py$y#~vT%Y •
"P) e)y$]%$OQPx
f$T"#)š:%t$-E…v_c' )^
P Vmnf_TPT_(P^'  
Pƒ#]$:TO_%ST-E…9Kl~v'P^
,QP_-E…P P_.NPOVŠ]%Y#P
gPIG5
IH
• 0ƒ#I4UUvOXT=NNV'$0&AM
I<gwBGIB0ƒ#]#x"#Pn
P) ‡PŽƒ '_i'
• 0ƒ#I<UUOX&HMIBIBwBGIBT
+O$,N‘’NOT$##xT%Y
i–›#n%^P P) #:
Pƒ#UU].NPOP%^~v
y##]PniT%YVIG#
#&II%^v"#n##!PyY
(P^nP) PŽƒe$PT{'•nP)
ƒ Pƒ#^
• 0ƒ#IAOŠP&4MIHHsBGIHT
K#N:if!P) %$PX$ƒ##t
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Pƒ# "#P) PŽ%%Y%S
1Ul{'cc On_O%Y#bV‡~%
QP  Vmnf_O%YPƒ#IdT
.V$-E…vf%^UUP tO##"
-E…QIBs'cc On_(P^O%Y#bV
‡$%v%c )xiP) i"
• .^)Pƒ#BIvOXPBBwBwBGI4
T'i#x"nŒP!%T%Yr"
%^#%]%$OQPxf$O_#%^$
%ST_|$m|Q%{$$Vmnf_$c$
%{$_#$O_V(IB%^_#UU$
,"5P.j ^)$%^-cQ5c%m
]$PŽƒcPŒP!%STf%^%T%Y
r"%.j('cQ%{,"5(
'cV$iT$Q'ƒPQY
1.3.2. Các bên đàm phán
I<
yg%^''{5*%S•+UL‚'rq„$,
*$5$k#$0_,$.$U$P.j'e]&(
sBGGg0_,VP#&nPƒ#
]PPf&IIwBGIG#
UUvIg0ƒ#fP #n…0ƒ
#]•0ƒ#BG‚P&zTK#N
BBwBwBGI4
%S$V(%Y5#yia\
NPimh%^
1.3.3. Tính chất cam kết
0 e$cˆ!Oy‰cOii
#'_-_#Q%ST!O•JNNON+NNNVMJ+‚P^
_#Qm|%ST%{

:(P^-E…$P_m|Q%{(TP) %Y•
'_)T•P%^$%%{Y#$TyPƒ
^Q%^#UU‚0P"$UUP^V!-E…
%Yi_c•"%STy'VŠ#%
nT$m|cS VP^oF
1.3.4. Tình hình đàm phán
• 'v[Q'cIGy#)#
PP %STy#V$_#$bP_V
OQX$OQPxPX$OQPxf$$)y$
Ve$%{$O!s!%ST
• P) %Y#"#PncOf
x$)z%P#ŒP!!)N$•
'_q
+ Việc tham gia của các bên đàm phán mới
+ Xử lý mối quan hệ giữa các FTA cũ đang tồn tại giữa các nước tham
gia đàm phán và TPP mới:
IA
+ Các vấn đề về vệ sinh dịch tễ (SPS) và hàng rào kỹ thuật trong thương
mại (TBT)q=T-E…P P) Q'ƒ•S'ƒ
‚PQT"#bQ$QYPcV(T
+ Lao động và môi trườngq_T%{Pcm
%^P_"#$!(Q—V|
OxQP cP%{iT')Y#t%ST
P]%
+ Giải quyết tranh chấpqP) ]%%^
yi_f#%^"]%c‡%S
T(
+ Bảo hộ quyền sở hữu trí tuệ và mua sắm côngq-E…y%^#
x]P) %J+-E…vt
1.3.5. Phạm vi đàm phán

*_T%yQfP P) VŠ%Y%
"P()aUU$%iQ
f#TP#
$yiV#]P #TPUU^SVm
N”B(q
• UTPUU4•UUtsBGG<n4%^‚q0UU^
%Y#SVmvyUU4yi #UU
^
• k%^#J+]-E…q*-E…(
#^)P~c!^)zb#UU^$
!i%^VŠ%m^#
UU
1.3 .6 . Các nội dung chính của Hiệp định TPP – P4
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UTP-_#QVŠ'r]ŒP!y^%S
T$yy ŒP!^%%{$c$P) 
V(%ST%h$O_#P&P•
I`
PP,yc-_#QUU%Y%#P'
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Q.cV(yvT%Yn'c)QP_›#
P iŒP!%m|Q%{(P^
_#$_#$OQPx$]%$PP
,cO#f (J+$
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P$V!O_#P&P•P%
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Vef#P'Ty,$ƒyc%SP Y#PGB
Ps_•P -Y#.%{P-Y#=c
N•"$'U4VŠ#x#PtGBPs
_‡P ]%POQPxf$")VGBsi&
U4fy_!•&HsBGGd‚
:ia'")U4!Oy)TP y"#
b%Yy'•P#]^y'•&-_#Qy_
!
Id
0 OQPx$U4!_!OyTN#%S‡M'•N
y$)OQPx %Ym$&n–Ox
T&
2. Những tác động của TPP tới nền kinh tế, thương mại
của Việt Nam
2.1. Bối cảnh kinh tế của Việt Nam khi kí kết TPP
2.1.1. Tổng quan kinh tế Việt Nam
2.1.1.1. Thành tựu

M&!_fV:a^sIgdA$0_,vT
(cs%mS')…c &R($
P^  (  c  s  %m  7*U  '    ]  %{    s    <$H“
€,sBGGGMBGG<$ T%Y(cs%m$x$
7*U'hsT`$<“,sBGG<$(cs%mTd$4“$7*U
N_$TdHd˜r$']%{TIG_
r$%S%SP^A4G9K*
€BGG<MBGIGq(cs%m'<sT`“
M0_,vm%^)bV^^q%^
B^P )bT$BP #$4P V$
BP T $)P T0_,~OŽ]^P )b
T $%inPQf)bT^^V=$P
[5pP )b#0_,<^P V%Y
•PAP )b•OS$P&
M0_,y]OVP Q%{^a
)#OŽ(P^]%%^
€BGG<MBGIGq.•O\fPV]$
%zP(]%%^P%^T
<s•BGG<MBGIG‚$aP(J*1!_T]4<[9K*$
P%Y``“VP^T aV(P(st^Ps%^T
I<G[9K*$)#SB$`]T P)#S`]VP^T
BGGIMBGG<
Ig
=%YP(J*1stP0_,vs`I$`˜9K*Ps
BGGd$%^(ƒBI$<˜9K*PsBGGgO%m
V]—sBGIGTg$<[9K*—PsBGIITg[9K*•Số liệu
từ tổng cục thống kê)
,%^•'_‡VvcPs%{
•$(%YfVPnP\ys\P^P_'
r!Ps%{[T!_fV$%S$O!vy$

vV|a'aVP' fV•PVvc .
ŒP!Psvc#xy'%^#if!.
2.1.1.2 Thách thức
M.cnP) y_T#m
Hình 1 Biểu đồ mức tăng bình quân CPI quý 1 hàng năm
giai đoạn 2004 – 2012 •Nguồn tapchitaichinh.vn)
fIIwBGII$[V(O\•U1‚sIG“VP^\
…s$vsg$<“i&]sBGII,%&]sBGIB$
f#vyn'_##–TT#PU1BwBGIB
sI$H`“M'–\…sBGGg$%)#)
PƒIGs$HwBGIBU1[sG$IA“s)#)
Pƒ]Bs$sB$<<“,%{^PŽ]V!Pc
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Hình 2. Lãi suất điều hành của Việt Nam từ 01/2009- 05/2012
MVốn và lãi suất ngân hàng ~^*\&]s^
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2.1.2 Tổng quan Thương mại Việt Nam
2.1.2.1 Thành công chủ yếu
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Bảng 1 Giá trị hàng hóa xuất khẩu Việt Nam từ 2007- 2011
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Nội dung
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
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•Số liệu từ Viện Quản lý Kinh tế Trung ương‚
BB
K(_&0_RtE%S%sBGG`$)b
0_,T4d$A˜9K*$sBI$g“VP^sBGGA—#ysBGGd
)bTAB$`˜9K*$sBg$I“VP^sBGG`,sBGGg$Q
c&f^$)b0_,T<`$I˜
9K*$d$g“VP^sBGGd%PŽSsBGGA0_,
%PoF4<$d“PsBGIG{ y•P]
^smT)b0_,T#xs%mBA$4“
$%%Y%n(P…P‡
%^y$P"#VPŽP) ‹y‹]%Y
Hình 3: Kim ngạch xuất khẩu, nhập khẩu hàng hoá
và cán cân thương mại của Việt Nam giai đoạn 2001-2011
Theo số liệu Thống kê Hải quan
xi$~NV(_&0_RtE%S%
)$%sBGGA$0_,["#V<$<˜9K*sBGG`
•VSIs"#oF‚"#V0_,I4$B˜9K*Ps
BGGdV(vId˜9K*$sBGGgPBGIG•O\vy '_
## "#V%"#VPŽ]%YIB$dPIB$A˜
9K*fIBsBGII$aTy)"#b
BH
%^TBGH$AA˜9K*$sBg$`“VP^\…s%^y$
Q)bTgA$gI˜9K*$sH4$B“P!_P%YBB“

TsBGII—y$Qy"#b
IGA$`<˜9K*$sB<$d“PP%YI4$B“Ts0^
%ST0_,sBGIIx
g$d4˜9K*$'–IG$B“aT)b0_,
ET)bOQPx0_,vs]%x
s$['QevPsBGGg$Oc!c
f]
Hình 4: Giá trị xuất khẩu dịch vụ Việt Nam từ năm 2005-2011
Theo số liệu của tổng cục thống kê
NV(_ax($fQ)bOQPx%^s
BGGAsIg$A“$sBGG`sBA$`“$sBGGdsd$<“$sBGGg
I`$`“—sBGIGsBg$4“‚—'{…BGGAMBGIGTII$dH“$
S)#%ž(cs7*UOyOQPxT•`$`H“‚ k)
"#bOQPxsBGIITdd`g_9K*$sIg“VP^sBGIG$
yOQPxOQT<ABG_9K*$sBA$H“—OQPxP"B<G<
_9K*$sd$`“
B4
ETOQPx"#bsBGII%^fTIId<g_9K*$
sIg$<“VP^sBGIG$yOQPxP"TdBBA_9K*$s
B4$`“—OQPxOQI`IG_9K*$sIA$H“,"#VOQPxsBGII
BgdG_9K*$sBI$I“VP^sBGIGP'–HH$A“TOQ
Px)bsBGII
•,rV(_q,(sP'sBGIGa
x(‚
.•O\')x%ST)$y#xcP
c)"#yPƒ%(P^s%mP#
i$–$x%ST#
xOX s VŠ”NP_OQiT_%^
PnysP_PO\
f!SVP^)"#bV!#iQ%{

cQEi&V"#oF$OQPx##(T0_,vT
%Ys%miU#(M'Ÿyy#I4“7*U$
V|OxS<_c$)OQPx.%i
'ŸPOQPx0_,&sBGGAMBGGdvsB<“ws$
SId$H“wsTBGGIMBGG<,sBGGgPBGIGBs
y ysOcf]$%NV(
_(&ax(•5cETP:]%‚OV('Ÿ
POOQPxO\0_,PŽs]%Y
Id$A“PB4$<“•T&(sIB“PsBGGgPI4“P
sBGIG‚0_,~%YcnQ%{'Ÿ
)#OŽ)^\P^y$V"#oF$ "#
'Ÿ^v•0_,Nn%S_a
^$Tcry##z$#(
]Ve%{O%STO\yV!iOQS)
 (V_T$iOQ&S!‡V!‡
•NV(_(&ax(M5cETP:]%‚
0(]%%^•J*1‚aP0_,) $Pxs
 s 
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