GERUND AND TO INFINITIVE

GERUND AND TO INFINITIVE
I. Verbs with gerunds
avoid

He avoided answering her question.

consider

She‘ll consider going out with him.

enjoy

Tony enjoys eating ice-cream.

don’t mind

He doesn’t mind waiting for his lover.

miss

She missed being with her sons

practice

They practiced speaking English every day.

suggest

He suggested spending the holiday in the mountain.

go on

They went on talking about their interests.

have trouble

He had trouble doing his homework

II.

Verbs with to infinitives

afford

He can’t afford to buy what he likes

agree

They agreed to help her

decide

She decided to go work early.

expect

She expected to enter university in the fall.

hope

We hope to return by midnight.

manage

He managed to finish his work on time.

offer

She offered to help him with his homework.

promise

I promised not to be late for school again.

plan

He planned to have a party.

refuse

He refused to lend her more money.

threaten

She threatened to tell them my secret.


III. Verbs with either gerunds or to infinitives
1. With no change in meaning
begin, start, continue, like, love, hate

Examples:
She began to learn English two years ago.
She began learning English two years ago.

2. With a change in structure
advise, recommend, allow, permit, encourage, require
advise
recommend
allow

+

permit

V – ing

encourage
require

Examples:
The school does not allow smoking.
These letters require typing.

advise
recommend
allow
permit

+ Object

+

to infinitive

encourage
require

Examples:
The school doesn’t allow students to smoke.
They required him to fill out the form.

3. With a change in meaning
forget/ remember + to infinitive  chỉ một việc phải làm , bổn phận, nhiệm vụ.

Examples:
Sorry, I forgot to post your letter.
Remember to take your keys.


forget/ remember + V-ing  chỉ một chuyện đã xảy ra trong quá khứ, 1 kỷ niệm.

Examples:
He has never forgotten having a good holiday in the USA.
I remember calling him yesterday.
stop + to infinitive  ngừng… để làm 1 việc khác

Examples:
He stopped to buy some cigarettes.
stop + V-ing  ngưng, bỏ (một thói quen xấu..)

Examples:
He stopped smoking two months ago.
try + to infinitive: cố gắng…

Examples:
He tried to lift the table but it was too heavy.
try + V-ing: thử…

Examples:
If you have a headache, try taking two of these pills.
mean + to infinitive: dự định…

Examples:
Jane meant to watch the programme but she forgot.
mean + V-ing: có nghĩa là…

Examples:
Keeping fit means taking exercise regularly.
need + to infinitive: cần…

Examples:
You need to have a good schedule for your study.
need + V- ing: cần được…

Examples:
This room needs cleaning. It hasn’t been used for a long time.
go on + to infinitive: chuyển sang… (chỉ sự thay đổi của hành động)

Examples:
She stopped talking about that and went on to describe her other problems.

go on + V-ing: tiếp tục

Examples:
He went on talking about his illness until we all went to sleep.
regret + V-ing: tiếc (cho một chuyện đã xảy ra trong quá khứ)


Examples:
Susan regretted saying that to him.
regret + to infinitive: tiếc (để thông báo một tin xấu)

Examples:
I regret to inform you that your application has been unsuccessful.