Xây dựng quy trình tính toán chế độ cắt cho gia công tốc độ cao trên máy phay cnc

Gr~~'f:;

BQ GIAO DVC

vA DAo TAO

TRUONG f)~I HQC SUPH~M KY THU~T
THANH PHO HO CHi MINH

LU~N vAN TH~C

sl

PH~M QUOC L<}I

'"

XAY DlfNG QUI TRINH TiNH ToAN CHE DQ CAT
CHO GIA CONG TOC DO. CAO TREN MAy PHAY CNC

NGANH: CONG NGHt CHE T~O MAy - 605204
Huang dfrn khoa hoc: TS. DANG THIBN NGON

~~Jl~;"'
~~t_~~~am2012
~~~~~~~~~~!~"~=~~ft~A~,n~.~'~F=~iF=
...•- 'V.. ... 1
--.
..-

,

.~..

~-


TOM TAT
Trong nhirng nam gftn day tren th~ gioi gia cong t6c d9 cao (HSM-high speed
machining) dff duoc irng dung r~t rong rffi vao trong san xu~t co khi, di}.cbiet tren
cac may CNC, g6p phan nang cao nang su~t giup giam gia thanh san pham.

o Viet

Nam cong nghe nay cling dff duoc irng dung va buoc dftu mang lai hieu qua thiet
thuc. Tuy nhien viec chon ra ch~ d9 c~t gia cong t6c d9 cao tren co sa cac h~ thong
cong thirc va bang tra cti thirong diroc dung tren may van nang nhieu khi khong con
phu hop ciing nhu khong c6 du cac thong s6 d~ tra ciru. Trong d~ tai luan van cao
hoc nay toi d~ xu~t mot qui trinh tinh toan ch~ d<)c~t va h~ thong bang tra cuu khi
gia cong t6c d9 cao tren may phay CNC. Qui trinh tinh toan ducc kiem nghiem va
danh gia k~t qua bang cac thirc nghiem ti~n hanh tai tnrong Dai hoc Sir pham Ky
thuat Tp. He, Chi Minh va cac d6i tac cong nghiep tir ngay 1 thang 2 d~n 28 thang 2
nam 2012.

ABSTRACT
In recent years the world's high-speed machining (HSM) has been widely used
for increasing productivity and reduce production costs in mechanical production,
especially on CNC machine. In Vietnam, HSM is a promising technique and has
been initially applied to increase the efficiency, accuracy, the workpiece quality as
well as to reduce the production costs and machining time. However, the selection

of high-speed cutting mode based on the old formula and table which has been used
on conventional machine tools is not more suitable and not enough parameters for
checking. In high school the subject of this thesis i proposed

a process for

calculating cutting mode and the checked table system using for high-speed
machining

on

CNC

milling.

Calculation

process

has

tested

and

evaluated experimentally at the Ho Chi Minh University of Technical Education
and manufacturers from February 1 to February 28, 2012.

v

MUCLUC
•
•
TRANG
Trang nra

Quyet dinh giao de Uti

Ly lich ca nhan

i

Loi cam doan

iii

Loi earn an

iv

Tom tAt

v

luc

vi

M\lC

Danh sach cac chtr viet tAt..

ix

Danh sach cac hinh

xi

Danh sach cac bang

xiv

,;

Chuang 1:TONG QUAN
1.1 !fmg 5ua~ c~ung ye linh
ngoai mroc da cong boo

1
VlJC

nghien ciru, cac k€t qua nghien ciru trong va
1

1.1.1 D~t vAn de:

1

diem cua HSM:

A cuu
, ve;. HSM a V·H;AtN am va' t ren
A tht.e gioi:
.,.
1.2 C'ac ng hiren
1.1.2lfu

?

1.2.1 Cac nghien ciru ve HSM

a Vi~t Nam

1.2.2 Cac cong trinh nghien ciru tren th€ gioi :
1.3 Muc tieu-Nhiem

vu- Phuong phap nghien ciru:

1
.3
3
.3
6

1.3.1 Muc tieu, khach th~ va d5i tUQ11gnghien ciru:

6

1.3.2 Nhiem vu cua de tai va pham vi nghien ciru:

6

1.3.3 Phuong phap nghien ciru :

7

Chuang 2 :CO

so LYTHUYET

8

2.1 Co so ly thuyet cAt got kim loai c6 dien :

8

2.1.1 Cac be mat lam viec trong qua trinh cAt:

8

2.1.2- Cac chuyen dong trong qua trinh cAt:

8

2.1.3- K€t cAu dung cu cAt :

10

2.1.4- V~t lieu lam dung cu cAt:

10

2.1.5- Nhiet cAt:

11

2.2 Co sa ly thuyet ve gia cong t5c d9 cao:

VI

14


2.2.1- Gia cong t6c dQ cao (HSM):

14

2.2.2- Cac giai doan phat tri~n cua HSM :

~

17

2.2.3- Phat trien toan dien qua trinh nghien ciru ly thuyet va may HSM:

19

2.2.4 Cac yeu celUtren may HSM:

20

Chuang 3:MAY PHA Y HSM

22

3.1 K~t c<1ucua may phay HSM:

22

3.1.1 Phan co khi :

22

3.1.2 Xich truyen dong chay dao :

43

3.2. Phuong phap l~p trinh:

.43

3.2.1 L~p trinh bang tay:

.43

3.2.2 Cong nghe CAD/CAM:

.45

Chuang 4: VAT LI$U MdI..

46

4.1 Cac v~t lieu kim Ioai hien dai:

47

4.1.1 Thep hop kim dung cu:

47

4.1.2 Thep khong gi:

:

4.2 V~t lieu c~t hien dai:

49
51

4.2.1 Hop kim cirng co trang lap phu cacbit (Coated Cemented Carbide-HC) :
............. ;
52
4.2.2- Hop kim cimg:

55

4.2.3 Hop kim g6m kim loai (Cermet-CT):

58

4.2.4 Hop kim g6m (Ceramic) :

60

4.2.5 Nitrit bo(CBN)- Kim cuang(PCD):

61

Chuang 5 :xAY Dl)NG QUI TRiNH TiNH ToAN
IRA CHE DO cAT

vA

H$ THONG cAc BANG
63

5.1 So sanh h~ thong che dQ c~t trong gia cong phay thong thuong voi phay gia
" tf..
, yeu
f.. tf..,
h huo ng:
cong
oc d"Q cao co"txe df..
en cac
0 an
.63
5.1.1 Cong tlnrc tinh che dQ c~t xet d~n cac y~u t6 anh huang trong gia cong
phay thong thuong [1,2]:
63

5.1.2 Cong thirc tinh ch~ dQ c~t xet d~n cac y~u t6 anh huang trong gia cong
t6c dQ cao tren may phay CNC:
65
5.1.3 Qui trinh tinh toan ch~ dQ c~t khi phay HSM :

73

5.1.4 Cong tlnrc tinh trong tnrong hop d~c biet [6]:

73

5.2 Vi du tinh ch~ dQ c~t trong phay gia cong t6c dQ cao:

77

5.2.1 Vi du l:

77

5.2.2 Vi du Z:

79

Vll

;


Chuang 6 :KIEM NGHIEM KET QUA TiNH ToAN CHE D<) cAT TRONG GIA
CONG TOC DO. CAO TREN MAy PHA Y CNC

81
6.1 Muc dich- M6 hinh hoa qua trinh thirc nghiem :

.

81

6.1.1 Muc dich:

81

6.1.2 M6 hinh hoa qua trinh thuc nghiem:

81

6.2 Cach thirc
6.2.1 Co

xu ly s6li~u

thirc nghiem:

sa ly thuyet:

82

6.2.2 Cac buoc tien hanh thirc nghiem:
KET LU!N-KIEN

82

85

NGHJ

97

TAl LIEU THAM KHAo

99

PH1)L1)C:

101

Vlll