Bài tập ngữ pháp tiếng anh 10 học kì 2 (chương trình chuẩn)

 CONDITIONAL SENTENCE Type 2 (IF SENTENCE)

I/ Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D to complete each sentence:
1. He would visit us if he ....................... in town.
A. will be
B. was
C. were
D. would be
2. If I ........................... you, I wouldn't accept the invitation.
A. had been
B. were
C. are
D. has been
3. If you didn't stay up late, you ...................... get up earlier.
A. can
B. could
C. will
D. can
4. If I heard from Jack, I ........................ let you know.
A. will
B. would
C. shall
D. had
5. If I knew her number, I ..................... her.
A. phone
B. will phone C. would phone
D. had phoned
6. If they were rich, they ..................... buy a castle.
A. will
B. can
C. would

D. were able to
7. If you ..................... this glass, you would have to pay for it.
A. broke
B. break
C. have broken
D. had broke
8. If you ..................... French, which language would you study?
A. was studying B. are studying C. weren’t studying D. have been studying
9. They .......................... a luxuriant garden if they looked after it.
A. will have
B. would have C. are having
D. have had
10. If I ..................... Daisy's address, I ..................... some letters to her.
A. know / write B. knew / wrote C. knew / would write D. know / would write
11. If I ................... you, I wouldn't take him to the cinema.
A. was
B. am
C. were
D. like
12. Miss White would answer the phone if she …................ in the living-room.
A. was
B. has been
C. were
D. to be
13. If you ...................... there, you would meet many famous people.
A. were
B. have been
C. had been
D. was being
14. We ...................... go to Water Park if we were in Ho Chi Minh City.

A. will
B. shall
C. would
D. could
15. If the weather .................. fine today, we would go on a picnic.
A. would be
B. was
C. were
D. had been
16. If I taught this class, I ................... more exercises.
A. will give
B. give
C. would give
D. didn't give
17. If today ………............ Sunday, they would go to the beach.
A. was
B. is
C. were
D. had been
18. If we phoned our parents often, they ………........ happy.
A. will feel
B. would feel C. would felt
D. would have felt
19. If I ................ you, I would not do that.
A. were
B. am
C. would be
D. had been
20. I ................... a house if I had enough money.
A. will buy

B. would buy C. bought
D. has bought
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21. If I didn’t want to go to the party, I …………………. go.
A. don’t
B. didn’t
C. won’t
D. wouldn’t
22. He would give you the money if he ………………… it.
A. have
B. has
C. had
D. would have
23. She would call you immediately if she …………………. help.
A. needed
B. need
C. needs
D. will need
24. We could go for a drive if today ………………….. Saturday.
A. is
B. was
C. were
D. had been
25. If I ……….……..….. you, I wouldn’t buy that coat.
A. am
B. was
C. were
D. would be

26. If I were a pigeon, I ……….…….. happiness to everyone.
A. would bring B. brought
C. will bring
D. bring
27. If I arrived home earlier, I ……….…….. my mother for the last time.
A. can see
B. could see
C. see
D. would seen
28. What ……….…….. if the earth suddenly stopped going round the sun?
A. happens
B. will happen C. happened
D. would happen
29. If I ……….…….. a wish, I’d wish for happiness for my family.
A. have
B. am having C. had
D. was having
30. If I ……….…….. an astronaut travelling in a space capsule, I’d not be annoyed
by the weightlessness.
A. am
B. be
C. will be
D. were
II/ Put the verbs in brackets in to the correct forms:
1. If you (play)………………….. for lower stakes, you wouldn’t lose so much.
2. He (look)…………………….. a lot better if he shaved more often.
3. If he worked more slowly, he (not make)……..………….. so many mistakes.
4. I shouldn’t drink that wine if I (be)………………….. you.
5. If I were sent to prison, ……………. you (visit)……………….. me?
6. If someone (give) ………………..you a helicopter, what would you do with it?

7. If you drove your car into the river, ……..…….you (be) ...…….. able to go out?
8. If I (win) ……………….. a big prize in lottery, I’d give up my job.
9. If you (see) ………….. someone drowning, what ………….you (do)………..?
10. I could get a job easily if I (have)……………….. a degree.
11. If she (do) ………………….. her hair differently, she might look quite nice.
12. If we had more rain, our crop (grow)………….…….. faster.
13. If I had a typewriter, I (type)…………………… it myself.
14. If I (know)………………………. his address, I'd give it to you.
15. More tourists would come to this country if it (have)…...….…. a better climate.
16. I (buy)……………………. shares in that company if I had some money.
17. If he (clean)….…….. his windscreen, he'd be able to see where he was going.
18. If you (not belong)…………………. to a union, you couldn't get a job.
19. What…………. you (do)………….. if you found a burglar in your house?
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20. I could tell you what this means if I (know)………………….. Greek.
21. If everybody (give)……………… some, we would have enough.
22. He might get fat if he (stop)………………… smoking.
23. If he knew that it was dangerous, he (not come)…………………. .
24. If you slept under a mosquito net, you (not be)……….………… bitten so often.
25. The whole machine would fall to pieces if you (remove)………… that screw
26. I (keep)………………… a horse if I afforded it. '
27. I'd go and see him more often if he (live)…………………. on a bus route.
28. If they (ban)……………… the sale of alcohol at football matches, there might
be less violence.
29. I (offer)……………….. to help if I thought I'd be any use.
30. What would you do if the lift (get)……….………... stuck between two floors?
III/ Complete the Conditional Sentences Type II.
1. If I (have)…………….. more time, I (learn) ……………….. to play the guitar.

2. If she (study) ……………….. harder, she (get) ………………….. better marks.
3. If we (know) ………………….. more about history, we (not be)
………………….. afraid of the test.
4. I (go) ……………….. jogging with Tom and Sue if they (be) …………………..
here this week.
5. It (surprise) ………………….. me if she (not help) ………………….. you.
6. If he (try) ………………….. harder, he (reach) ………………….. his goals.
7. I (buy) ………………….. these shoes if they (fit) ………………….. .
8. It (not surprise) ………….…….. me if he (not know) ….………….. the answer.
9. If we (go) ……………….. to London, we (visit) ………………….. the Tower.
10. If the shop (be) ………………….. open, I (buy) ………………….. a souvenir.
11. If she (miss) …………….. the bus, she (not get) ……………….. here on time.
12. He (help) ………………….. me if he (know) ………………….. the answer.
13. Jane (let) ………………….. you in if I (not be) ………………….. here.
14. If you (eat) ………….. an ice-cream, I (have) ……………….. a hot chocolate.
15. If she (need) ……………….. a computer, her brother (give) …………………..
her his computer.
16. If we (not have) ………………….. time this afternoon, we (meet)
………………….. tomorrow.
17. He (talk) ………………….. to her if you (not want) ………………….. to do it.
18. You (not win) ……………….. the game if you (not know) …………….. the
rules.
19. If you (wash) …………….. the dishes, I (cook) ………..……….. dinner tonight.
20. If my dad (have) …………….. time next week, we (paint) …………………..
my room.
IV/ Rewrite the following sentences, using Conditional Sentences Type 2
1. We can’t bathe in this part of river because the water is too dirty.
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---> If ……………...................................................................................................
2. We can’t give much help to the poor because we waste a lot of money on
unnecessary things.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
3. I don't have money, so I can't help you.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
4. I can’t understand him because he speaks so quickly.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
5. She doesn’t know English, so she can’t translate English books.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
6. We spend too much money on electricity because we have four air conditioners
in our house.
---> If ……………...................................................................................................
7. Dick often causes accidents because he drives carelessly.
---> If ……………...................................................................................................
8. He doesn’t study hard, so he can fail the examination.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
9. Susan feels tired because she works too hard.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
10. We cannot go for a picnic because it is not a nice day.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
11. Because I am so busy, I cannot help you.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
12. The coffee is very hot, so she can’t drink it.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
13. He doesn’t have the money and he cannot afford a new car.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
14. I don’t have free time, so I can’t go to see him.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
15. I can’t write to Linh because I don’t have her address.

---> If ……………...................................................................................................
16. He is often absent from class, so he can’t keep pace with her classmates.
---> If ……………...................................................................................................
17. Today is very cold, so we can’t go swimming.
---> If ……………...................................................................................................
18. I give back the book because I don’t bring enough money.
---> If ……………...................................................................................................
19. If you don’t invite her, I’m sure she won’t come.
---> If ……………...................................................................................................
20. My father isn’t here, so he can’t give us some advice.
---> If ……………...................................................................................................
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

 THE PASSIVE VOICE
I/ Choose the best answer to complete each sentence:
1. English (speak/ is spoken) in Canada.
2. I (studied/ was studied) French for 3 years at school.
3. We (spent/ was spent) too much money on holiday.
4. This window (broke/ was broken) by your little boy.
5. Her clothes (made/ are made) in Paris.
6. This book (written/ was written) by Song Hong.
7. The new University (will open/ will be opened) by the Prime Minister.
8. Ann (was driving/ was driven) much too fast, and she (was stopped/ stopped) by
the police.
9. A lot of paper (makes/ is made) from wood.
10. I don’t think this room (cleaned/ was cleaned) yesterday.
11. More chocolate (eats/ is eaten) in the US than any other country.

12. We (woke/ are woken) by the birds every morning.
13. A lot of olive oil (use/ is used) in Greek cooking.
14. Those programmes (watch/ are watched) by millions of people every week.
15. The motorway (will close/ will be closed) for 3 days.
16. Your room (will clean/ will be cleaned) while you are out.
17. The football match (will not play/ will not be played) on Saturday.
18. Most of the matches (won/ were won) by Indian teams.
19. These keys (found/ were found) in the waiting room. Are they yours?
20. Where is the carpet? It (is cleaning/ is being cleaned).
II/ Put the verbs in parentheses into the correct active or passive voice
1. Last night my favorite program________________ (interrupt) by a special news
bulletin.
2. When I______________ (arrive) at the airport yesterday, I______________
(meet) by my cousin and a couple of friends.
3. Kim______________ (write) this composition last week. That one
_______________ (write) by Phi.
4. I don’t have my bicycle today. It’s with the repairman. It________________
(repair) right now.
5. Someone has bought the small lot behind my house and a new house
_________________ (build) on it next year.
6. A: Do you understand the explanation in the book?
B: No, I don’t. I_________________ (confuse).
7. A: When____________ your bike_______________ (steal)?
B: Two days ago.
8. A: ____________ you_____________ (pay) your electricity yet?
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B: No. I haven’t. but I’d better pay it today. If I don’t, my electricity supply
_________________ (shut off) by the power company.

9. A: Did you hear about the accident?
B: No. What________________ (happen)?
A: A bicyclist_______________ (hit) by a taxi in front of the dorm.
B: ___________ the bicyclist______________ (injure)?
A: Yes. He _______________ (take) to City Hospital.
10. The Eiffel Tower_____________ (a. be) in Paris, France. It _____________ (b.
visit) by millions of people every year. It _______________ (c. design) by
Alexandre Eiffel (1832-1923). It _______________ (d. erect) in 1889 for the Paris
exposition. Since that time, it _______________ (e. be) the most famous landmark
in Paris. Today it ______________ (f. recognize) by people throughout the world.
III/ Change these sentences into the passive voice
1. Somebody has robbed the bank near our house.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
2. People must repair that old building.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
3. He told me to wait outside.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
4. Lan is going to invite her friends to her birthday party.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
5. Lien couldn’t open the door of the classroom.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
6. Nam has driven them to the airport.
…………………………………………………….…………………………..
7. They should announce that news as soon as possible.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
8. Phong has to return the scientific book to the library.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
9. They will complete the new high way from north to south next year.
…………………………………………………….…………………………..
10. The government will rebuild the memorial monument.

…………………………………………………………….…………………..
11. The students may elect Phong their leader.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
12. My aunt made this sweater for her son.
…………………………………………………….…………………………..
13. People should send their complaints to the main office.
……………………………………………………………….………………..
14. Somebody might steal your car if you left the keys in it.
……………………………………………………………….………………..
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15. The television station has broadcast all the 22nd Sea-Games competitions.
…………………………………………………….…………………………..
16. A short circuit could cause the fire.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
17. The teacher won’t accept papers written in pencils.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
18. My teacher asked me to be here at 10 am.
…………………………………………………….…………………………..
19. The athletes might visit some interesting places after Sea-Games.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
20. Thomas Edison invented the electric light bulb.
…………………………………………………….…………………………..
21. Lan’s parents have to clean up their house before Tet holidays.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
22. The principal might interview her.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
23. She makes coffee for her parents every day.
…………………………………………………….…………………………..

24. They must keep fruit in the fridge for long.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
25. My cousin will meet you at the station.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
26. You will post this letter on the way to work.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
27. Children should treat old men with respect.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
28. I will arrange everything in time.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
29. We haven’t moved anything since you were away.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..
30. We have made great progress in industry, science and medicine.
…………………………………………………………….…………………..


 CONDITIONAL SENTENCE Type 3 (IF SENTENCE)
I/ Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D to complete each sentence:
1. Why didn't you go camping last week? If you ........................ there, you would
have had a lot of fun.
A. were being B. have been
C. had been
D. was being
2. What .................... if you had had a day off yesterday?
A. would you have done
B. would you do
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C. will you do

D. you would have done

3. If yesterday ............ a holiday, we would have gone to our countryside.
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. would be
4. If the weather ............. fine yesterday, we would have gone on a picnic.
A. would be
B. was
C. was going
D. had been
5. If we ............... to class on time, we wouldn’t have missed our lesson.
A. come
B. came
C. have come
D. had come
6. If I had taken your advice, I ................... a better life.
A. will have
B. shall have
C. would have
D. would have had
7. It rained, which spoiled our picnic; but if it ..........................., it ................. a
great success.
A. didn't rain / would be
B. had rained / would have been
C. hadn't rained / would have been D. rained / would be
8. “Why didn’t you attend the conference?” -“I would have gone if I..............time.”
A. have had

B. have
C. would have
D. had had
9. She would not have gone away if her father …….............. her his car.
A. lent
B. lending
C. to lend
D. had lent
10. If he had not given me advice, I .................... again.
A. would fail B. wouldn't fail C. would be failed
D. would have failed
11. If Lien …………. a raincoat, she wouldn’t have got a cold.
A. wears
B. wore
C. has worn
D. had worn
12. We …………………. to the beach yesterday if the sun had been shining.
A. will go
B. would go
C. had gone
D. would have gone
13. If I ………………….. a chance, I would have trained to be a doctor.
A. would have had B. would have C. have had
D. had had
14. If I hadn’t drunk so much coffee, ………………. better.
A. I’d have slept B. I slept
C. I’ll sleep
D. I sleep
15. Henry ………………… a rich man if he had been more careful in the past.
A. would have been B. would be C. will be

D. was
16. If I had seen the movie, I ………………….. you about it last night.
A. could tell
B. will tell
C. had told
D. would have told
17. If he ……………………. early, he could have left on the afternoon flight.
A. decided
B. decides
C. had decided
D. would decide
18. If he had left early, he …………………….. us.
A. will call
B. would call C. could have called D. could call
19. We didn’t visit the museum because we had no time. If we had had time, we
………….…… the museum.
A. will visit
B. would visit C. will have visited D. would have visited
20. If we had had time, we ……….…….. to the party.
A. can go
B. will go
C. will have gone
D. would have gone
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21. I would have said "good bye" to your brother if he ................ there.
A. could be
B. had been
C. will be

D. will have been
22. I ............... very happy if there ................ a good film on channel 9 last night.
A. would be / had been
B. would have been / would be
C. would have been / had been D. had been / had been
23. If Elizabeth hadn't started smoking cigarettes, she ................ a bad cough.
A. would have got
B. wouldn't have got
C. would get
D. hadn't got
24. If we had known your new address, we …................ to see you.
A. came
B. will come
C. would come
D. would have come
25. If I ................., I would have done better on my test.
A. had study
B. have studied C. will study
D. had studied
26. I would have visited you before if there ………………. quite a lot of people in
your house.
A. hadn't
B. hadn't been C. wouldn't be
D. wasn't
27. If you had caught the bus, you ………………. late for work.
A. wouldn't have been
B. would have been
C. wouldn’t be
D. would be
28. If she ………………… as I told her, she would have succeeded.

A. has done
B. had done
C. does
D. did
29. She wouldn't have given them all that money if we ……………… her to.
A. wouldn’t advise
C. won't advise
B. hadn't advised
D. didn't advise
30. If the tree hadn't been so high, he ……………… it up to take his kite down.
A. could have climbed
B. climb
C. is climbing
D. climbed
II/ Put the verbs in brackets in to the correct forms:
1. If I had known that you were in hospital I (visit) ….……………….. you.
2. If you (arrive) ……………….. five minutes earlier, you would have got a seat.
3. You would have seen my garden at its best if you (be)………………….. here
last week.
4. I shouldn’t have believed it because if I (not see)……..……… it with my own eyes.
5. If he had asked you, ……………….you (accept)………………..?
6. If I (have) …..…………….. a map, I would have been all right.
7. I (offer)…………….…….. to help him if I had realized that he was ill.
8. If I (know) …..……………….. you were coming, I would have baked a cake.
9. If I (realize)………….. you were a bad driver, I wouldn't have come with you.
10. If I had realized that the traffic lights were red, I (stop)………………….
11. If you had told me that he never paid his debts, I (not lend)……………….. him
the money.
12. If you (not sneeze)…………….., he wouldn't have known that we were there.
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13. If you (put)…………………. some mustard in the sandwiches they would have
tasted better.
14. If I had arrived home earlier, I (see)……….…….. my mother for the last time.
15. The hens (not get) …………………. into the house if you had shut the door.
16. If he had known that the river was dangerous, he (not try……………………. to
swim across it.
17. If you (speak)…………………..more slowly, he might have understood you.
18. If he had known the whole story, he (not be)…………………… so angry.
19. I shouldn't have eaten it if I (know)………………. that there was ginger in it.
20. If I (try)…………………… again, I think that I would have succeeded.
21. You (not get)…………………... into trouble if you had obeyed my
instructions.
22. If you hadn't been in such a hurry, you (not put)………………………. sugar
into the sauce instead of salt.
23. If I (be)……………… ready when he called, he would have taken me with him.
24. If she had listened to my directions, she (not turn)…………………… down the
wrong street.
25. If you (look)………………… at the engine for a moment, you would have seen
what was missing.
26. He would have been arrested if he (try)……………….. to leave the country.
27. I (take)………………….. a taxi if I had realized that it was such a long way.
28. You (save)…………………….. me a lot of trouble if you had told me where
you were going.
29. They would have forced their way into the house if I (not call) ……….……...
for help.
30. If he had put out his pipe before putting it in his pocket he (not burn)
……………………. a hole in his coat.
III/ Complete the Conditional Sentences Type III.

1. If you (study)……………………………… for the test, you (pass)
……………………………… it.
2. If you (ask) …………………… me, I (help) ……………………………… you.
3. If we (go) ……………………… to the cinema, we (see) ………………………
my friend Jacob.
4. If you (speak) ………………… English, she (understand) ……………….……
5. If they (listen) ……………………… to me, we (be) ……………………………
home earlier.
6. I (write) ……………………………… you a postcard if I (have)
……………………………… your address.
7. If I (not break) ……………………… my leg, I (take) …………………………
part in the contest.
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8. If it (not start) ……………………………… to rain, we (walk)
……………………………… to the museum.
9. We (swim) ……………………………… in the sea if there (not be)
……………………………… so many sharks there.
10. If she (take) ……………………………… the bus, she (not arrive)
……………………………… on time.
11. If the midfielders (pass) ……………………………… the ball more exactly,
our team (have) ……………………………… more chances to attack.
12. If the forwards (run) ……………………………… faster, they (score)
……………………………… more goals.
13. Their motivation (improve) ……………………………… if they (kick)
……………………………… a goal during the first half.
14. The fullbacks (prevent) ……………………………… one or the other goal if
they (make) ……………………………… their opponents.
15. If the goalie (jump) ……………………………… up, he (catch)

……………………………… the ball.
16. If the referee (see……………………………… the foul, he (award)
……………………………… a penalty kick to our team.
17. Our team (be) ……………………………… in better form if they (train)
………………………………harder the weeks before.
18. The game (become) ……………………………… better if the trainer (send)
……………………………… a substitute in during the second half.
19. If it (be) ……………………………… a home game, our team (win)
……………………………… the match.
20. If our team (win) ……………………………… the match, they (move)
……………………………… up in the league.
IV/ Rewrite the following sentences, using Conditional Sentences Type 3
1. He didn’t hurry, so he missed the train.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
2. My brother didn’t leave the car keys, so I couldn’t pick him up at the station.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
3. We didn’t go because it rained.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
4. We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
5. Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
6. The doctor treated him well, so the patient didn’t die.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
7. We got lost because we didn’t have a map.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
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8. He lost his job because he was late every day.

---> If …………….................................................................................................
9. Peter was fat because he ate so many chips.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
10. Robert got a bad cough because he started smoking cigarettes.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
11. Those people weren’t prepared to face the floods, so the consequence was
disastrous.
---> If ……………................................................................................................
12. We didn’t enjoy our camping trip last week because it rained all the time.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
13. That village was heavily flooded last year because trees in the nearby forests
were cut down without control.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
14. We started our vacation too late, and we had to suffer bad weather.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
15. She didn’t take her friends’ advice, so she failed in her business.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
16. You didn’t do as I advised you, so you failed.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
17. He decided to leave because you didn’t believe in his talent.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
18. I didn’t attend the lecture so I couldn’t do the test.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
19. We missed the bus because we got up late.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
20. I couldn’t get a higher mark because I didn’t have enough time.
---> If …………….................................................................................................
V/ Rewrite the statements by using the conditional sentences Type 2 or 3:
1. Because he didn’t return home on time, his mother was worried.
If.................................................................................................................................

2. The man speaks out because he wants to announce something.
If.................................................................................................................................
3. We are close friends, so we can help one another.
If.................................................................................................................................
4. Because Mary felt sick, she couldn’t join the game.
If.................................................................................................................................
5. An doesn’t know you because she doesn’t attend the party.
If.................................................................................................................................
6. I am not a good student, so I can’t get the award.
If.................................................................................................................................
12


7. People don’t like fish, so they can’t enjoy it.
If.................................................................................................................................
8. Tom wasn’t on the train because he didn’t like it.
If.................................................................................................................................
9. Because no one gives me the answers, I don’t know how to do.
If.................................................................................................................................
10. I am afraid of travelling by car because I get carsick.
If.................................................................................................................................
11. Because this project is refused, my father is unhappy.
If.................................................................................................................................
12. Tommy gets tooth decay, so he visits a doctor.
If.................................................................................................................................
13. Because Minh didn’t love me any more, I was upset.
If.................................................................................................................................
14. Those football players play well because they are well - trained.
If.................................................................................................................................
15. I can’t swim because I don’t like know how to swim.

If.................................................................................................................................
16. We sang well, so the audience clapped their hands.
If.................................................................................................................................
17. Kevin doesn’t join the club, so his friends feel sad.
If.................................................................................................................................
18. Books are on the shelf, so the child is not easy to take them.
If.................................................................................................................................
19. This cat is sleeping because it is tired.
If.................................................................................................................................
20. Tuan wanted to say sorry me, so he wrote to me.
If.................................................................................................................................
21. Ngoc went down the market because she bought some fresh food.
If.................................................................................................................................
22. Because they didn’t talk to me, I was lonely.
If..................................................................................................................................
23. Barley wasn’t here, so you couldn’t see him.
If.................................................................................................................................
24. They don’t have money, so they can’t play cards.
If.................................................................................................................................
25. Because I don’t listen to the teacher, I can’t understand the lesson well.
If.................................................................................................................................
26. The kid eats too many candies, so he gets tooth decay.
If.................................................................................................................................
27. Bobby can’t sing well because he has a cough.
13


If.................................................................................................................................
28. The policemen are coming, so the crowd leaves.
If.................................................................................................................................

29. Some species are endangered because the environment is polluted.
If.................................................................................................................................
30. Because my car was broken, I had to catch a taxi to home.
If.................................................................................................................................


 WH-QUESTIONS
I/ Fill in each blank with one suitable WH word:
1. ………………'s this girl? - It's Julie.
2. ………………'s her name? - Her name is Deb.
3. ………………are you? - I'm 15.
4. ………………are they? - They are Bob and Tim.
5. ………………is he from? - He's from Los Angeles.
6. ………………are my shoes? - There are under your bed.
7. ………………'s her job? - She's an architect.
8. ………………is he happy? - He's happy because he's got a new console.
9. ………………have you got in your bag? - I've got my books.
10. ………………are they? - Fiona is eleven and Betty is seventeen.
11. ………………is Bryan? - He's in the kitchen!
12. ………………socks are they? - They're Rick's socks.
13. ………………DVDs have you got? - I've got 21 DVDs.
14. ………………do you want to go? - I want to go to the cinema.
15. ………………'s coming with us tonight? - Clara.
16. ………………pen is it? - It's mine.
17. ………………can she fly? - She can fly because she has got magic powers.
18. ………………do you play rugby? - I practise twice a week.
19. ………………is it? - It's 25€
20. ………………do you sleep? - I sleep 10 hours every night.
21. ………………are my keys?
22. ………………is the problem?

23. ………………is your favourite singer?
24. ………………is your birthday?
25. ………………old are you? - I'm ten years old.
26. ………………is your telephone number?
27. ………………are you from?
28. ………………is your best friend?
14


29. ………………is your e-mail?
30. ………………are you? - I'm fine, thanks.
31. ………………is your graduation? - Next week.
32. ………………is she crying? - Because she is sad.
33. ………………is your last name? - Gonzalez.
34. ………………is your favourite actor? - Anthony Hopkins.
35. ………………old is your cat? - Two years old.
36. ………………is the concert?
37. ………………is Cristiano Ronaldo from?
38. ………………are you so happy? - I'm getting married.
39. ………………is your brother? - He is still sick.
40. ………………are you late? - Because of the traffic.
41. ………………does the party start?
42. ………………don't you come?
43. ………………is the man in black?
44. ………………is his mother's name?
45. ………………does it snow in England?
46. ………………have you put my coat?
47. ………………shop sells them?
48. ………………are you talking to?
49. ………………hat is this?

50. ………………are you wet?
II/ Make questions from the underlined words:
1. They do their homework at night.
…………………………………………………………………………………
2. Mr. Robertson came to the party alone.
…………………………………………………………………………………
3. I like the red blouse, not the blue one.
…………………………………………………………………………………
4. She felt better after she took a nap.
…………………………………………………………………………………
5. She talked to him for an hour.
…………………………………………………………………………………
6. My parents have two cars.
…………………………………………………………………………………
7. I don’t get up early because I like to sleep late.
…………………………………………………………………………………
8. We have an English class every day.
…………………………………………………………………………………
9. They like to dance at weekends.
…………………………………………………………………………………
15


10. The club is not far from their house.
…………………………………………………………………………………
11. Their favourite kind of music is Latin Jazz.
…………………………………………………………………………………
12. The train arrived at ten o’clock.
…………………………………………………………………………………
13. They get home at six o'clock every night.

…………………………………………………………………………………
14. The travel agent speaks French poorly.
…………………………………………………………………………………
15. Those books cost $8.95.
…………………………………………………………………………………
16. They travel by car.
…………………………………………………………………………………
17. He comes here once a week.
…………………………………………………………………………………
18. She feels good.
…………………………………………………………………………………
19. Francine wants to learn English in order to get a better job.
…………………………………………………………………………………
20. They meet on the corner every morning.
…………………………………………………………………………………
21. We go to the movies twice a week.
…………………………………………………………………………………
22. The banker goes to the park after the play.
…………………………………………………………………………………
23. We learn ten new words every day.
…………………………………………………………………………………
24. They eat lunch in the cafeteria.
…………………………………………………………………………………
25. He drives a Ford.
…………………………………………………………………………………
26. This plate was kept on that shelf.
…………………………………………………………………………………
27. The committee meets in Room 10.
…………………………………………………………………………………
28. The play begins at eight o'clock.

…………………………………………………………………………………
29. It rains in the spring.
…………………………………………………………………………………
30. He gets up at seven o'clock every morning.
16


…………………………………………………………………………………
III/ Choose the correct alternative.
1. The school boys are in a hurry not to/ in order not miss their school bus.
2. They were talking in whispers so that not/ so as not to let anybody hear them.
3. My mother needs a tin opener to open/ for opening the bottles.
4. Advice is given in order that/ in order to help students choose the best course.
5. You may put your money in a small coin bank so that/ in order to keep it safe.
6. We wrote Katie's name on the calendar so as not to/ so that not forget her birthday
7. She stayed at work late in order to/ so that complete the report.
8. I need some new clothes. I have to go to the market to/ in order buy some.
9. The new paint is excellent to cover/ in order for covering walls with cracks in.
1. Trees are being planted by the roadside so as to/ in order that reduce traffic noise.
IV/ Use to-infinitive to match the sentences in the most appropriate way.
1. Trees were planted along the street.
a. He wants to look smart.
2. I swept the broken glass off the path. b. This was done to reduce traffic
3. He bought a truck.
c. She wants to finance her studies.
4. Laura went to the bank.
d. I wanted to prevent an accident.
3. The staff are working at weekend. e. He wanted to hear the football results.
4. Tom turned on the radio.
f. I wanted to report that my car had been stolen.

.

7. Just this once Mike is going to wear a suit. g. We wanted to hey some fruit.

8. Jessica is borrowing some money. h. They want-to complete the project in time.
9. We went to the market.
i. He did this to carry out his business.
10. I phoned to the police station.
j. She wanted to cash a cheque.
1. ________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________
6. ________________________________________________________________
7. ________________________________________________________________
8. ________________________________________________________________
9. ________________________________________________________________
10. _______________________________________________________________



 ATTITUDINAL ADJECTIVES (-ING or -ED)
I/ Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D to complete each sentence:
1. He is very (interesting/interested) in my story.
2. I didn’t find the situation funny. It wasn’t (amusing/ amused).
3. Sheila’s party was pretty (bored/boring).
4. I went home early because I felt (boring/ bored).
5. His (amusing/amused) story causes great fun.
17

6. He seems quite (satisfied/satisfying) with his new job.
7. I feel very (interesting/interested) in this book.
8. Do you think the film is (excited/ exciting)?
9. The film wasn’t as good as I expected. I was (disappointed/ disappointing) with it.
10. It was (surprised/ surprising) that he passed the exam.
11. My friend is going to the United States next month. She has never been there
before. It will be an (excited/exciting) experience for her.
12. Everybody was (surprised/ surprising) that he passed the exam.
13. She has really learned very fast. She has made (astonishing/ astonished)
progress.
14. Why do you always look so (bored/ boring)? Is your life really (bored/ boring)?
15. Are you (interested/ interesting) in motion pictures?
16. She is (excited/ exciting) about the trip to Hawaii.
17. Why are you so (frustrated/ frustrating)? – My little sister drove me crazy.
18. Don’t be so (worried / worrying). He will come back soon.
19. This programme is very (promoted/ promoting). I think I will do something.
20. Don’t you ever be (terrified/ terrifying). Everything will be all right.
21. This wet weather is so (depressed/ depressing).
22. I will be very (surprised/ surprising) if she does well in her test.
23. My new job is extremely (tired/ tiring).
24. I come home extremely (tired/ tiring) at the end of each day.
25. He's such a (bored/ boring) person. He never wants to go out.
26. I'm (confused/ confusing) I have no idea what to do.
27. Did you hear the (shocked/ shocking) news about the accident?
28. I'm not very (interested/ interesting) in sport.
29. I didn't find his joke very (amused/ amusing).
30. I am (frightened/ frightening) of spiders.
II/ Complete the sentences with the correct form (-ing/-ed).

1. She is very (bore)……………………. with her present job.
2. -“You look (astonish) ………..…………. when you see me.”
- “Yes. I think you are in China.”
3. She looked (frighten)……………………. as if she had seen a ghost.
4. I’m (interest)...………………….. in that film because it was based on the stories
written by my favourite novelist.
5. At his early age, Sequoya was (fascinate)..……………………. by the “talking
leaf”- an expression he used to describe the record of white people.
6. Peter’s parents promised that they will take him to Italy this summer holiday and
he is so (excite)……………………. about it.
7. I think I will never go on a picnic in the mountain any more. My trip last year
was really (exhaust)……………………..
18


8. The reason why she looks so sad is that her examination result was rather
(depress) …………………….
9. Her boss is always criticizing her at work so she feels rather (bore) ………….
when working there.
10. It is very (tire)……………………. to work more than eight hours a day.
11. He looked very (frighten) ………………….. when he got out of the house. He
may have got some (frighten) ………………… experiences.
12. The film was built up to be a masterpiece but I found it rather (disappoint)
……………. . Many audiences failed to hide their (disappoint)…..……..feelings.
13. It was a long and (tire) ……………………. journey so we all were too (tire)
………………….to enjoy it.
14. Larry had been driving all night to get there on time so he was (exhaust)
………..…….. by the time he arrived. It was an (exhaust)……..………….drive.
15. It was very (disappoint) ………………….. not to get the job.
16. Philip was exceptionally (annoy)…………………. at Joanne's behaviour.

17. I thought the program on wildlife was (fascinate)………. ………….. I was
absolutely (fascinate) ……………………..
18. We were (thrill) …………………….. to hear your good news.
19. The journey took all day and night. They found it very (tire)………………..

20. Did Tim feel (frighten) …………………..when he saw the snake at his feet?
21. It was a terrible play and I was (bore) ………………….. from start to finish.
22. Whenever Adrian gets (bore) ………………….., he goes fishing.
23. The students were (confuse) ………………….. by the Professor’s lecture.
24. Most of the news on television is (depress) …………………...
25. My friends were very (excite) ……..…….. to learn that their concert was sold out.
26. Babysitting young children can be (exhaust) ………………… for many people.
27. Steve was so (fascinate) …………... by the book that he finished it in one evening.
28. Would you be (frighten) ………………….. if you saw a vampire?
29. After eating a (satisfy) ………………….. meal, the cat washed her face.
30. When Dagmar looked in the mirror, she was (surprise) ………………….. to see that
she had a leaf in her hair.


 ARTICLES (A, AN, THE)

1. Indefinite Articles: A/ AN
a. A/An được dùng trước:
-danh từ đếm được, số ít.
Ex: a doctor, a bag, an animal, an
*An: đứng trước nguyên âm (a, o, e, hour………
u, i) hoặc “h” câm.
Ex: an aminal, an hour………

19

-trong các cấu trúc:
so + adj + a/an + noun
such + a/an + noun
What + a/an + adj + noun!
-trước các danh từ trong ngữ đồng vị.
-trong các cụm từ chỉ số lượng.
b. A/An không được dùng:
-trước các danh từ không đếm được.
-trước các danh từ đếm được số nhiều
2. Definite Article: THE
a. THE được dùng trước:
-những vật duy nhất.
-các danh từ được xác định bởi cụm
tính từ hoặc mệnh đề quan hệ.
-các danh từ được xác định qua ngữ
cảnh hoặc được đề cập trước đó.
-các danh từ chỉ sự giải trí.
-các sông, biển, đại dương, dãy núi…
-một nhóm các đảo hoặc quốc gia.
-tính từ dùng như danh từ tập hợp.
-tên người ở số nhiều (chỉ gia đình).
-trong so sánh nhất.
-các danh từ đại diện cho một loài.
-số thứ tự.
-các trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn.
-chuỗi thời gian hoặc không gian.
b. THE không được dùng:
-danh từ trừu tượng, không đếm được

.-trước các danh từ số nhiều nói chung
-các danh từ chỉ màu sắc.
-các môn học.
-các vật liệu, kim loại.
-các tên nước, châu lục, thành phố.
-các chức danh, tên người.
-các bữa ăn, món ăn, thức ăn.
-các trò chơi, thể thao.

Ex: She is so pretty a girl.
- It’s such a beautiful picture.
- What a lovely house!
Ex: Ng Du, a great poet, wrote that novel.
Ex: a pair, a couple, a lot of, a little, a
few, a large/ great number of……..
Ex: Coffee is also a kind of drink.
Ex: Dogs are faithful amimals.
Ex: the sun, the moon, the world….
-The house with green fence is hers.
-The man that we met has just come.
Ex: Finally, the writer killed himself.
- I have a book and an eraser. The book is
now on the table.
Ex: the theater, the concert, the church,...
Ex: the Mekong River, the China Sea, the
Pacific Ocean, the Himalayas, ….
Ex: the Philippines, the United States, ...
Ex: You should help the poor.
Ex:The Blacks, The Blues, the Nams, …
Ex: Nam is the cleverest in his class.

Ex: The cat is a lovely home pet.
Ex: the first, the second, the third, ….
Ex: in the morning, in the street, in the
water, on the table, …..
Ex: the next, the following, the last, ...
Ex: Independence is a happy thing.
Ex: They build houses near the hall.
Ex: Red and white make pink.
Ex: Math is her worst subject.
Ex: Steel is made from iron.
Ex: Ha Noi is the capital of VietNam.
Ex: President Bill Clinton, Ba, Nga
Ex: We have rice and fish for dinner
Ex: Football is a popular sport in VN.
20


-các loại bệnh tật.
-ngôn ngữ, tiếng nói.
-các kì nghỉ, lễ hội.
-các mũi đất (nhô ra biển), hồ, núi.

Ex: Cold is a common disease.
Ex: English is being used everywhere.
Ex: Tet, Christmas, Valentine, …
Ex: Cape Horn, Lake Than Tho, Mount
Cấm, Mount Rushmore…..
*But: the Cape of Good Hope, the Great
Lake, the Mount of Olive……
I/ Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D to complete each sentence:

1. Salem doesn't like_____ talkative people.
A. ø
B. the
C. many
D. a
2. It's true that_____ rich lead a different life from the poor.
A an
B. a
C. the
D. ø
3. Mary lives in_____ Canada near Lake Ontario.
A. the
B. ø
C. a
D. an
4. The explorer crossed______ Pacific Ocean in a canoe.
A. 0
B. a
C. an
D. the
5. She has been playing_____ guitar for ten years.
A. the
B. ø
C. a
D. an
6. For breakfast we usually have____ coffee and toast.
A. a
B. an
C. ø
D. the

7. What time do you start____ work in the morning?
A. the
B. a
C. ø
D. an
8. Barbara hopes to go to_____ university next year.
A. ø
B. a
C. an
D. the
9. Sarah thinks_____ life is more difficult in a foreign country.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. ø
10. The judge sentenced the thief to six months in____ prison.
A. ø
B. the
C. a
D. an
11. I've noticed that______ Spanish eat a lot of vegetables.
A. the
B. a
C. ø
D. an
12. ______ rice is ______main food in _____Asia.
A. ø / the / ø
B. The / ø / the C. A / the /an
D. ø / a / the
13. I sometimes dream of becoming _____ actor. _____actors often get a lot of

money and popularity.
A. an / ø
B. an / The
C. ø /an
D. ø / the
14. ____men are often paid more than ___women for ____same job.
A. The / the / a B. A / a / the
C. The / ø /a
D. ø / ø / the
15. _____Germany is______ important economic power.
A. ø / an
B. The / the
C. A / an
D. The / ø
16. _____ breakfast is ______ first meal of the day.
A. ø / the
B. The / the
C. A / ø
D. The / ø
21


17. Do you know______ name of_____ Queen of ______ England?
A. ø / ø / the
B. a / the / an C. a / ø / ø
D. the / the / ø
18. Peter wants to become _____ doctor. He will probably go into ___ medicine.
A. the /a
B. a / ø
C. the / the

D. ø / the
19. At first she was trained to be_____ scriptwriter, but later she worked as _____
secretary in a studio.
A. a / the
B. an / ø
C. the / the
D. a / a
20. _____milk is often added to_____ tea in _____UK.
A. ø / ø / the
B. The / the / ø C. A / a / ø
D. The / the / an
21._____ "Gone with the Wind", _____ American novel by Margaret Mitchell was
published in 1936 and won the Pulitzer Prize in 1937.
A. A / ø
B. The /a
C. ø /an
D. A / an
22. Mary is_____ accountant. She goes to work five days_____ week. At the
weekend, she stays at___ home and does her housework.
A. a / the / the B. an / a / ø
C. ø / ø / ø
D. the / a / a
23. I have bought____ FM radio for my aunt, who live in____ countryside.
A. a / ø
B. ø / ø
C. a / the
D. the / a
24. ___air is made up of elements such as___ oxygen and___ nitrogen.
A. An / an / a B. The / the / the C. ø / an / a
D. ø / ø / ø

25. _____sun gives off_____ heat and_____ light.
A. ø / ø / ø
B. The / ø / ø C. A / the / the
D. The / a / a
26. “Look outside___ sky is getting very dark.” “I hope there isn't going to be a storm.”
A. A
B. The
C. ø
D. Some
27. I'd like to invite him to _____dinner next week, if that's OK with you.
A. a
B. the
C. ø
D. an
29. “I'm going out for a walk. Have you seen my shoes?” “Yes, they're on _______
floor in _____ kitchen.”
A. a/ the
B. the/ the
C. a / a
D. the/ a
30. “Do you see the video store? I was sure it was on _______ Main Street.” I think it's
on _____ side street, but I'm not sure which one.'
A. the/ the
B. the/ a
C. a / ø
D. ø /a
31. “Would you like _____ ice cream? There's one in _____ fridge.” “Thanks.”
A. an/ the
B. an/ a
C. ø / the

D. a/ the
32. “We'd better go. We've been here for _____hour.” “That was_____ fastest hour
I've ever spent.”
A. a/ the
B. an/ the
C. an/ a
D. ø / the
33. Don't forget we're meeting on _____Friday for _____ lunch.
A. a/ a
B. a/ ø
C. ø / the
D. ø / ø
34. “I've got _____headache. I've had it all day.” “Why don't you go to_____ health
center? It's open until six.”

A. a/ a
B. ø / the
C. a/ the
D. a/ ø
35. “I've got some problems with my phone bill. Can I see someone about it?”
22


“Yes, go to ___ fifth floor, ____lift is along the corridor.”
A. the/ A
B. the/ The
C. ø! A
D. the/ ø
36. Dr. John is _____ most insufferable person I have ever known.
A. ø

B. the
C. a
D. an
37. Diana is ______ very nice person.
A. ø
B. the
C. a
D. an
38. “Excuse me. I'd like to rent _____ new game.” “Here you are. Sega Genesis. Please take it to _____ cashier over there.”
A. a/ the
B. the/ the
C. ø / the
D. a/ a
39. Last night we went out for _______ meal.
A. ø
B. the
C. a
D. an
40. Tonight we are probably going to eat in _________ hotel restaurant and then
get to bed early. I hate staying in hotels but it’s part of the job.
A. ø
B. the
C. a
D. an
41. I can’t remember if I saw that film on television or at _________ cinema.
A. ø
B. the
C. a
D. an
42. Make sure you put your name at __________ end of the report.

A. ø
B. the
C. a
D. an
43. Have you already had _________ lunch?
A. ø
B. the
C. a
D. an
44. I spoke to several people at the cocktail party. Was John _________one with
the red hair?
A. ø
B. the
C. a
D. an
45. Could you close _________ door, please? It’s really cold.
A. ø
B. the
C. a
D. an
46. We have got new offices near _________ center of the city.
A. ø
B. the
C. a
D. an
47. Have your new offices got _________ canteen?
A. ø
B. the
C. a
D. an

48. We need to do more for _________ poor.
A. ø
B. the
C. a
D. an
49. The greatest invention of the 20th century is _________ computer
A. ø
B. the
C. a
D. an
50. I’m looking for __________ new job.
A. ø
B. the
C. a
D. an
II/ Fill in the blanks with A, AN, THE or ø (zero article).
1. There’s ____ theater and two cinemas in town but one of ____ cinemas is
closing down.
2. There’s ____ train at 2.00 and one at 3.30. ____ 2.00 train takes two hours and
____ 3.30 train takes one and ____ half.
3. They’ve got ____ dog, ____ cat, ____ rabbit and some goldfish but the children
like ____ dog best.
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4. You can have ____ apple or orange. ____ apple are nice and sweet.
5. He sent me two letters and ____ postcard while he was on holiday. ____
postcard was very beautiful.
6. I wrote to her but _____ letter never arrived.
7. Britain is _____ island.

8. Montreal is _____ large city in Canada.
9. Don’t sit on _____ floor. It’s very dirty.
10. Tom is in _____ bathroom. He’s having _____ bath.
11. Rite plays _______ violin and her sister plays _________ guitar.
12. Do you prefer ________ coffee or _________ tea?
13. My mother is _______ teacher and my father is ________ architect.
14. I met _______ really interesting woman at __________ party last night.
15. I saw _________ man and ________ woman in the garden. _________ man
was wearing _________ black coat and __________ woman had red hair.
16. Where is ________ soup in _________ fridge?
17. There is _________ water on the floor. Is there _________ hole in the roof?
18. Kate arrives _______ home from _______ work at about 6.00 every evening.
19. ________ Atlantic Ocean is larger than _________ Indian Ocean.
20. Did you go to _________ Scotland by ________ car or ________ train.
21. My sister works in _________ large hospital in _________ London. She’s
_________ doctor.
22. We saw _________ interesting film at _________ cinema last night?
23. I like _________ tea with ________ milk in it.
24. It’s _________ fast car. Its top speed is 150 miles __________ hour.
25. Who is _________ best footballer in _________ world?
26. My brother works in _________ large garage in Brighton. He’s _________
engineer.
27. _________ earth moves round _________ sun.
28. Manchester is _________ big city in __________ north of England.
29. Is there __________ bookshop on High Street? I bought this at ___________
bookshop on Red Street.
30. __________ Statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from___________
France to___________ United States.
III/ Complete the passage with the correct article THE, A or AN.
I saw (1)..................... marvelous film yesterday. It’s about (2).......................

poor fisherman who’s in love with (3) ................... beautiful girl. She laughs at him
but (4) ..............young man doesn’t give up hope. One night there’s (5) ....................
terrible storm. All (6) ..............fishing-boats have come safely, except one.
(7) ................... missing boat belongs to (8)..................... girl’s brother. She begs
(9)............... poor fisherman to brave (10)................ huge waves to try and save her
brother, and when he returns with (11)................. boy, safe and sound.
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(12) ...................... girl is so grateful that she agrees to marry him. There is
(13) ..................... big wedding party, and all (14) ............. villagers join in
(15) .................. celebration. What (16) ............... happy ending!


 IT WAS NOT UNTIL … THAT…

@ Rewrite the following sentences, using “It was not until…that…”
1. Paula didn’t decide to get married until she was twenty-nine.
…………………………………………………………………………………
2. I didn’t wake up until the sun rose.
…………………………………………………………………………………
3. Simon didn’t realize his mistake until I showed it to him.
…………………………………………………………………………………
4. The ice on the lake didn’t thaw until the spring came.
…………………………………………………………………………………
5. The firemen didn’t arrive until the building was almost burned down.
…………………………………………………………………………………
6. We didn’t leave the party until it stopped raining.
…………………………………………………………………………………
7. Isabel didn’t decide to go shopping until all the shops closed.

…………………………………………………………………………………
8. The police didn’t come to the scene until the robbers went.
…………………………………………………………………………………
9. They didn't pay the bill until the electricity was cut off.
…………………………………………………………………………………
10. I couldn't comment further until I had all the information.
…………………………………………………………………………………
11. I didn’t know how to ride a bicycle until I was 15.
…………………………………………………………………………………
12. They didn't come back until 9 p.m.
…………………………………………………………………………………
13. We didn’t recognize him until he came into the light.
…………………………………………………………………………………
14. Susie was not happy until she earned some money.
…………………………………………………………………………………
15. My sister didn’t become a good doctor until she worked in that hospital.
…………………………………………………………………………………
16. Mrs. Linh didn’t make a success of her career until last year.
…………………………………………………………………………………
17. He didn’t say sorry to her until she cried.
…………………………………………………………………………………
18. The letter didn’t arrive until yesterday.
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