SENTENCES các cấu trúc câu cơ bản trong tiếng anh... Kem

Highland - Writing A - Level 1 - Sentence Patterns

SENTENCES
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I. SIMPLE SENTENCES: (Câu đơn)
1)

S + Vi + (Adverbial modifier)

Vi: Intransitive verb ( has a complete meaning by itself and doesn’t require an object)
EX: a) The dog died.
S
Vi
b) The dog died painfully right here last night.
S
Vi (How) (Where) (When)

S + Vt + 0 + ( Adv.)

2)

VT : Transitive verb (requires an object)
EX: 1) Mr Brown buys a hat.
S

3)

Vt

O

S + V(linking) + Subjective Complement (N. / Adj.)

V(Linking) : linking verb ( is a link between Subject and Subjective Complement and
requires complement)
EX: 1) The children look healthy.
S
VL
S.C= Adj.
2) Mary is my friend.
S
VL
S.C = N.
Some linking verbs: be, become, go, grow, turn, come, feel, sound, smell, taste,

look, get, seem, appear, keep, remain, prove…
EX: 1) The girl smells the flowers.
S
Vt
O
The flowers smell sweet.
S
VL S.C
2) Her face grew pale.
S
VL S.C
She grew a lemon tree in the garden.
S
Vt (What)
(Where)
3) She appears on T.V every day.

S
Vi
(where) (How often)
The street appears deserted.
S
VL
S.C= Adj.

Highland - Writing A - Level 1 - Sentence Patterns


Highland - Writing A - Level 1 - Sentence Patterns
4)

S + Vt + O + O.C ( N./Adj.)

O.C: Objective Complement
EX: 1) I consider him my best friend.
S Vt
O
O.C = N.
2) I used to make you sad.
S
Vt
O O.C= Adj
Verbs requiring O.C: elect, call, name, make, appoint, consider…

5)

a) S + Vt + I .O + D.O

b) S + Vt + D.O + Prep. + I .O

D.O: Direct Object
I.O: Indirect Object
EX: 1) Her uncle gave her a bicycle.
S
Vt
I.O
D.O
Her uncle gave a bicycle to her.
S
Vt D.O
I.O
2) Can you show me a camera?
Can you show a camera to me?
3) She bought her daughter a book.
She bought a book for her daughter.
EXCEPTION: When I.O and D.O are personal pronouns or I.O is a noun but D.O is a
personal pronoun, I.O must stand after D.O ( use pattern 5b)
EX: 1) I gave her them → I gave them to her.
2) I gave Ms Lan them → I gave them to Ms Lan.
Verbs with 2 objects = two-object-verbs:

- Show, give, bring, send, pass (sth), lend, take, tell, teach
- Buy, open, close

Highland - Writing A - Level 1 - Sentence Patterns


Highland - Writing A - Level 1 - Sentence Patterns

II. COMPOUND SENTENCES:
1.

Simple sentence + and + Simple sentence
(và)

Ex:
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2.

The end --Simple sentence + but + Simple --sentence
(nhưng)
Ex:
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3.

Simple sentence + or + Simple sentence
(hoặc)

Ex:
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4.

Simple sentence , so + Simple sentence
(vì thế)

Ex:
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Highland - Writing A - Level 1 - Sentence Patterns