tuyển chọn bài thi trắc nghiệm theo cấu trúc đề thi môn hóa học

T CXI C
NGUYfiN VAN T H O A I - PHAM DINH T H A N H
T R A N TUAN V I $ T

TUYENCHON
BAI THI TRAC NGHIEM
THEO CAU TRUC DE THI

MON HOA HOC
(Dung de on luyen thi tot nghiep THPT va Dai hoc, Cao dang;

THi; VIENTIWHBINH THUAN

NHA X U A T BAN DAI H O C SlT P H A M


Ldl NOI DAU
Cuon sach "Tuyen chon b^i thi trac nghiem theo cau true cJe thi Mon Hoa hoc" danh cho hoc sinh dang on luyen thi tot nghiep Tl ;PT \/a
thi vao cac trUdng Dai hoc va Cao d i n g .
Trong vai nam gan day, Bo Giao due va Dao tao da cong bo c .u true
m6i cua de thi tot nghiep THPT va de thi tuyen sinh Dai hoc, Cac liing.
De giup hoc sinh c6 tai lieu on luyen phu hdp va thiet thiic, chung -oi bien
soan cuon sach nay v6i npi dung: TuySn chon
sSp xep cac bai thi trSc
nghiem theo trinh tifcau true de thi, dong thdi rat chu hirdng mdi ra de thi trac nghiem cua Bp Giao due va Dao tao (de thi giam
npi dung hpe thupc, tSng npi dung van dung suy luan va nhieu cau la
nhOrng bai toan hoa hpe can thiet).
Npi dung cuon sach gom hai phan :
Phan I - Tuyen chon cac bai thi tr§c nghiem theo cau true de thi
Cac bai trac nghiem dU'dc tuyen chpn la cac bai c6 trong eac de thi

tuyen sinh Dai hpe, Cao d i n g nhOfng nSm qua va c6 trong cac de thi hpe
sinh gioi toan quoe.
Phan II - Hudng dan chon dap an
Trong phan nay chung toi gidi thieu va ap dung nhCrng phiiang
giai nhanh cac bai toan Hoa hpe, nhu":

phap

- Phi/dng phap bao toan nguyen to;
- Phi/dng phap bao toan dien ti'eh;
- PhL/dng phap bao toan khoi liidng;
- Phu-dng phap tang - giam khoi liTdng;
- PhU'dng phap trung binh;
- PhU'dng phap bao toan electron;
- PhU'dng phap tfnh theo phiTdng trinh ion;
- PhLfdng phap xac dinh va can bang lien ket n trong phan tCf hdp chal
hOru cd...
de hadng dan ban dpc each tim nhanh dap an dung cho tC/ng cau / . !e
trong de thi.
Tac gia mong nhan di/dc nhOrng y kien dong gop xay di/ng cCia ban
dpc gan xa de Ian xuat ban sau cuon sach eo chat lifdng tot hdn.
Xin tran trpng cam dn!
CAC T A C

GIA


CAU T R U C D E THI
T U Y E N SINH DAI HOC - CAO DANG
1. C a u true de thi

Di t h i dugc ra theo c h u o n g t r i n h T H P T hifin h a n h , c h i i y€u la c h u a n g
t r i n h Idp 12.
- DO'i v d i cac m 6 n : T o a n , V a t If, Hoa hoc, Sinh hoc, N g i i v a n , L i c h sijr,
D i a If di t h i m 6 i m 6 n g 6 m hai phSn:
+ Phdn

cho ta't ca thf s i n h , ra theo n 6 i d u n g gi6'ng nhau giira

chung

chirong t r i n h C h u d n va c h u a n g t r i n h N a n g cao.
+ Phdn

rieng

ra theo tung chuang trinh: Chuang trinh Chu^n va chuang

trinh Nang cao. Thf sinh dugc chgn m6t phSn rieng thfch hgp de l a m bai; nfi'u
lam ca hai phSn rieng t h i ca hai ph^n rieng d6u kh6ng dugc cha'm.
- Dd'i vdfi cac m 6 n Ngoai ngu:
t h i m 6 i m 6 n chi c6 phSn chung danh cho
ta't ca thf sinh, ra theo n 6 i dung gi6'ng nhau giira chuang trinh Chudn va chuang
trinh Nang cao, khdng c6 phdn rieng.
2. Y e u c a u v a mure do k i e n thure
a) Yeu cau on tdp: O n tap toan b6 c h u a n g t r i n h da hgc, k h d n g hgc t u ,
hoc lech. B a m sat y e u c d u , m i i c d6 cua t h i tuye'n s i n h D a i hgc va Cao dang.
T r o n g qua t r i n h on t h i cin nang cao kie'n thiic va k i nang c a ban, d o n g t h d i
nang cao k h a nang suy l u a n , nang luc t u d u y , sang tao.
b) Mite do cdn dqt ve kien thitc, ki nang
- Ve kien

thicc:

Y e u ciw thf sinh phai n a m v u n g , hie'u ban cha't, h i ^ u

sau cac kie'n t h i i c t r o n g c h u a n g t r i n h va sach g i a o khoa.
- Ve ki nang:

V a n d u n g thanh thao cac kie'n thiic da hgc de' tra I d i cac

cau h o i hoac g i a i bai tap; c6 k l nSng tfnh toan, ve h i n h , d u n g bie'u d 6 .
3. C a u true de thi tuyen s i n h D a i hoe - C a o dang mon H o a hoe
I. P H A N C H U N G

C H O T A T C A T H I S I N H (40 eau)

So

Noi dung

TT

So
eau

1

Nguyen tir, bang tuSn hoan cac nguyen t6' hoa hoc, lien ke't hoa hgc

2

2

Phan l i n g o x i h o a - k h i i , t6'c d6 phan l i n g va can bang hoa hgc

2

3

Su d i e n l i

2

4

Phi k i r n (cacbon, s i l i c , n i t a , photpho, oxi^ l u u h u y n h J i a I o g e n ) _

2

5

D a i c u a n g v6 k i m loai

2

6

K i m loai k i 6 m , k i m loai k i ^ m t h d , n h 6 m , sat

2

7
8

ong hop noi dung cac kife'n thfrc hoa v6 ca thudc chuong trinh
j)h6 thongs
Dai cuong hoa hoc huu co, hidiocacbon

6
2

9

Dan xual halogen, ancol, phenol

2

10

Andehit, xeton, axit cacboxylic

2

11

liste, lipit

2

12

A m i n , amino axit, protein

2

13

Cacbohidrat

1

14

Polimc va vat lieu polime

1

15

Tdng hop noi dung cac kien thiic hoa hiru co thuoc chuong
irinh pho thong

6

I I . P H A N R l f t N G . Ihi
de Idm bdi

sink chi ditoc chon mot phdn rieng thich

hffp

1. Theo chirofns tnnh Chuan ( 1 0 can)
So
TT

Noi dung

So
cau

KHAI Q U A T
V E PHUONG PHAP

TRAC

Co hai loai trac nghifim:
- Trac nghiem t u luan (thu6ng goi tat la ttr luan)
- Trac nghiem khach quan (thucmg goi tat la trac nghiem).
Tide nghiem tu luan (cau hoi tu luan): K h i l^m bai, hoc sinh phai vie't
cau tra lofi, phai If giai, lap luan chiing minh bang kien thiJc ciia minh.
Tide nghiem khdeh quan (cau hoi trac nghiem): K h i lam bai, hoc sinh
chi phai doc, suy nghi dd lua chon dap an dung trong s6' cac phuong an da
cho. Thdi gian danh cho m6i cau chi tCr 1 - 2 phut.
Goi la tide nghiem khdch quan la do each cha'm die'm ra't khach quan
(thuorng la dung may tinh). D i ^ m dupe tinh bang each de'ra s6' Mn chon
dupe cau tra Icri diing.

16

Toe do phan urng, can bang hoa hoc, su dien l i

1

Cau hoi trac nghiem co 4 dang chinh:

17

Andehit, xeton, axit cacboxylic

2

DaV the diSn circ chudn

1

1. C a u dien khuyet

18
19

Crom. dong, niken, chi, kem, bac, vang, thiec

2

20

Phan biet chat v6 CO, hoa hoc va va'n de phat tri^n kinh te', xa h6i,
moi truong

1

21

Dan xuat halogen, phenol, ancol

1

22

A m i n , amino axit, protein

1

23

Cacbohidrat

1

2. Theo chirong trinh Nang cao ( 1 0 cau)
Noi dung

So
TT

NGHlgM

G6m hai phdn:
- Phdn edu dan la nhung cau hoac phuong trinh hoa hoe,... c6 nhiJng

ch6 eon bo trong (ghi bang cac da'u . . . ) .
- Phdn tid Idi la nhung tCr, cum tCr, nhung cong thiic hoa hoc... phai lua
chon va diin vao ch6 trS'ng cho phu hop.
- Thi du: Trong nguyen tijf %C\x co ... (1) ... electron, ... (2) ... proton
va ... ( 3 ) . . . natron.

So
cau

2. C a u phep doi
G6m hai phan:

24

Toe do phan i?ng, can bang hoa hoc, su dien l i

1

25

Andehit, xeton, axit cacboxylic

2

26

Day the dien cue ehuan

1

27

Crom, dong, niken, ehi, kem, bac, vang, thiec

28

Phan hiet chat v6 co, ehuan dp dung dich, hoa hoc va van de
phat irien kinh te, xa hoi, moi trudng

1

ma ta phai ehpn de' ghep vdi c6t thii nha't thanh cau phu hcrp hoan chinh.

29
30
31

Dan xua't halogen, phenol, ancol

1

phan u-ng of e6t thii nha't de' dupe phuong trinh hoa hoc phii hop hoan chinh:

A m i n , amino axit, protein

1

Cacbohidrat

1

. 2

- Phdn cdu dan b c6t thii nha't g6m m6t phdn ciia cau (cau chua hoan
thanh) hay mdt yeu cdu...
- Phdn tid Idi 6 c6t thii hai g6m mdt phan con lai ciia cau hoac mCt dap an
- Thi du: Chon san ph^m phan ting b c6t thiJ hai ghep vdi cac cha't


C o t thur hai

C o t thvi n h a t
a) CI2 + N a O H
b) CI2 + N a O H
,) K C I O ,

"^""^'^ >

d) K C I O ,

Dap

24x + 56y = 20

an

D N ^ + H^O

a-5

2) K C I O 4 + K C l

b-3

3) N a C l + N a C l O , + H j O

c - 4

4) K C l + O2

d-2

Ta C O he p h u o n g t r i n h :
X

G i a i he p h u o n g t r i n h dugc: x = y = 0,25 m o l .
->

- Cdch

G o m hai phan:
can dan la m o t cau c6 n 6 i d u n g c^n xac d i n h d u n g hay sal.

- Phan

lid Idi g6m chtr D (neu cho la d i i n g ) hay c h u S (neu cho la sai).

K h o a n h t r o n m o t t r o n g hai chiJ do k h i xac d i n h .
- Thi du: H i d r o c a c b o n no chi t h a m gia phan l i n g the', k h 6 n g t h a m gia
phan ling c6ng.

D - S.

an S: H i d r o c a c b o n

no n h u x i c l o p r o p a n (hay x i c l o b u t a n ) c6

thi

l i n g c 6 n g mcf v o n g .

4. C a u n h i e u lira c h o n (hay d i i n g nhat)
G o m hai phAn:
- Phan

(du

dan 1^ m 6 t cau h o i hoac mdt cau chua hoan thanh (cau bo

lirng), c3n ghep v d i m 6 t dap an di dugc cau hoan c h i n h .
-

trd Idi g6m

Phan

4 hoac 5 phuomg an, phai c h o n p h u o n g dn d i i n g

(hay d i i n g nha't, dSy d u nhat).
- Thidu

= 127.0,25 = 31,75

gidi

nhanh:

1: Cho 20 gam h 6 n hop M g va Fe tac d u n g vdri d u n g d i c h H C l

N h u vay: 1 m o l nguySn t ^ H bay ra t h i cung phai c6 1 m o l n g u y e n tir
C I (hay 35,5 g a m ) tao mu6'i.
mmu,.i

= mki +

mj,.vc axi>

Thi du 2: Chia m 6 t l u g n g h6n hgp 2 ancol no, d o n chiic t h a n h hai
bang nhau.
Phan

1: D6t chay hoan toan, t h u dugc 2,24 l i t C O j ( d k t c ) .

Phan

2: T a c h nude (dehdrat hoa) hoan toan, t h u dugc 2 anken.

D 6 t chay hoan toan h6n hgp 2 anken t h u dugc m g a m
G i a t r i ciia m la
A. 1,2.

B. 2,4.

C. 3,6.

'

D . 1,8.

Hay c h o n dap an d u n g .
Hu&ng ddn trd lai:

t h i t h u dugc bao n h i e u gam mu6'i khan?

- Cdch

A . 50 g a m

B. 55,5 gam

C. 60 g a m

D. 60,5 gam

gidi thong

thiCdng:

G g i C T P T t r u n g b i n h ciia 2 ancol la C j i H j j i + i O H .
G g i x la s6' m o l ciia 2 ancol trong m 6 i phSn.

H a y chon dap an d i i n g .
Hit&ng ddn trd lai
gidi thong

Phan

I:

CnHjH+iOH+yO2 -^nC02+(ii + l)H20

thudng:

G o i X va y la so mol M g va Fe c6 t r o n g 20 gam h 6 n hop.

X

mol

C a c p h u o n g t r i n h phan l i n g :
Mg

+

2HC1

X

Fe
y

+

2HC1

MgCl2

+

Hzt

(1)

Phan

2:

Cj^Hzi^^iOH

mol

X

X

FeCl2

H2t

y

y mol

= 20 + 35,5 = 55,5 ( g a m ) .

D a p an B.

d u thay c6 1 g a m k h i H2 bay ra. N e u dem c6 can d u n g d i c h sau phan ling

- Cdch

gam.

Tir phan tir H C l - » U H = U d = j = 1 m o l n g u y e n tic.

- Phan

phinn

= 95.0,25 = 23,37 gam.

Kh6'i l u g n g mu6'i bang 23,37 + 31,75 = 55,5 ( g a m ) .

3. C a u d u n g sat

tham gia

niMgci,

"ipecij

5) N a C l + N a C l O + H2

Dap

1
+ y =—
^
2

(2)

X

mol

2 24
n x = - : — = 0,l(mol)
22,4
^Q_^^_+Y^^Q

''^o'C.H;S04d
X

mol

H2O.

pMn

PHAN I
X

mol

nX

n X =

TUYEN CHON

0,1 mol

-> S6' mol CO, khi d6't anken = s6' mol CO2 khi d6't ancol va bang s6' mol HjO.
m„^o=

= 1,8 gam.

NGHIEM

T H E O C A UT R U C D E T H I

mHjO =0'1-18= l,8(gam).
Dap an D.
- Cdcfi gidi nhanh: D6't chay phSn 1 thu dugc 0,1 mol CO2, phSn 2
tach nirdc thi s6' mol anken bang s6' mol aneol. S6 nguyen tu C trong anken
bang s6' nguydn tir C trong ancol.

BAI THI TRAC

A. PHAN CHUNG CHO TAT C A C A C THf SINH
-. NGUYEN TLT, BANG TUAN HOAN, LIEN KET HOA HOC
1.1. Cho cac nguyen to M (Z = 11), X (Z = 17), Y (Z = 9) va R (Z = 19).
D6 am dien ciia cac nguyen to tang dSn theo thir tir
A. M < X < Y < R .
C. Y < M < X < R .

Chu y. Khi lam bai tap t r k nghiem, vi khfing phai trinh bay each giai
nSn ta dung each giai nhanh (giai nhSlm) 6.i chon dap an diing.

B. R < M < X < Y .
D. M < X < R < Y .

1.2. Trong tur nhien, nguyen to c6 hai dong vi la fgCu va 29Cu . Nguydn tir
khoi trung binh cua dong la 63,54. Thanh phan phSn tram t6ng so
nguyen tir cua d6ng vi 29 Cu la
A. 27%.
B. 50%.
C. 54%.
D. 73%.
1.3. Trong hop chat ion XY (X la kim loai, Y la phi kim), s6' electron cua
cation bang s6' electron cua anion va t6ng s6' electron trong XY la 20.
Biet trong moi hop chat, Y chi c6 mdt miic oxi hoa duy nha't.
C6ng thiic XY la
A. MgO.
B. LiF.
C. AIN.
D. NaF.
1.4. Trong phan ling d6't chay CuFeSz tao ra san pham CuO, FejOj va SO2

thi m6t phan tu CuFeSi se
A. nhucmg 13 electron.
B. nhan 12 electron.
C. nhan 13 electron.
D. nhucrng 12 electron.
1.5.

1.6.

Day g6m cac ion X^, Y" va nguySn tir Z ddu c6 ca'u hinh electron
ls22s'2p*^ la
A. Na", Cr, Ar

B. U\, Ne

C.Na^F-,Ne

D. K \, Ar.

Anion X" va cation Y^' d^u c6 cau hinh electron Idp ngoai cung la
Ss^Sp**. Vj tri cua cac nguyen to trong bang tuSn hoan cac nguyen t6'
hoa hoc la :
A. X CO s6' thu- tu 17, chu ki 4, nhom VIIA .
Y CO so thu- tu 20, chu ki 4, nhom IIA.


li. X CO so thi'r tir 18, chu k i 3, nhom V I A .
Y CO so thir l i f 20, chu k i 4, n h o m l l A .
C. X CO so thi'r t u 17, chu k i 3, nhom V I I A .

1.13.

hoan cac nguyen to hoa hpc, nguyen t6' X thupc

Y CO so ihir tir 20, chu k i 4, n h o m I I A .
D . X CO so thi'r tir 18, chu k i 3, nhom V I I A .
Y CO s6' thi'r t u 20, chu k i 3, n h o m I I A .
1.7.

1.14.

N g u y e n tir cua n g u y f i n t6' X c6 cau hinh electron ls'2s^2p'^3s^3p'^4s',
n g u y e n tir cua n g u y d n to Y c6 citu h i n h electron ls^2s^2p\

1.8.

B. c6ng hoa t r i .

C. i o n .

D . cho - n h a n .

N g u y e n tir cua n g u y e n to X c6 t6ng s6' hat e l e c t r o n t r o n g cac phan
Idfp p la 7. So hat m a n g dien cua mot n g u y f i n tijr Y n h i ^ u h o n so hat
m a n g d i e n cua m o t nguyen lir X la 8 hat.

1.9.

B. N a va C I .

C. A l va C I .

D . A l va P.

M o t nguyen tir cua nguyen to X c6 tdng so hat proton, natron, electron la

1.10.

1.11.

1.12.

B. 23.

C. 17.

D. 15.

B. phi kirn va k i m loai.

C. k i m loai va khf hiem.

D. k h i hiS'm va k i m loai.

1.15.

B.K,Mg,Si,N

C. K, M g , N , Si

D . N , Si, M g , K

C. ban k i n h nguyen tii g i a m , d6 am dien tang.
D . ban k i n h nguyen t u tang, d6 am dien giam.
1.16.

1.17.

B. 40,00%

C. 27,27%

> - D . 60,00%

Cac chat ma phan t u khong phan cue la
A . H B r , CO2, CH4.

B. CI2, CO2, Q H j .

C. NH3, Br^, C2H4.

D . H C l , C2H2, Br2.

M 6 t ion M ' ^ c o t6ng .s6' hat proton, natron, electron la 79, trong do s6' hat
mang dien n h i ^ u hon s6' hat khdng mang dien la 19.
Ca'u h i n h electron cua nguyen tir M la

1.18.

A. [Ar]3dHs'.

B. [ A r ] 3 d M s l

C. [Ar]3d'*4s'.

D . [Ar]3dMsl

Cac

k i m loai X , Y , Z c6 ca'u hinh electron nguyen tijr lAn lupt la:

ls^2s^2p'3s'; ls'2s^2p^3s^ ls^2s^2p'3s^3p'. Day g 6 m cac k i m loai xe'p
theo chieu tSng ddn tinh khi'r tiJr trai sang phai la

1.19.

Trong hop chat k h i ciia nguyen 16' X \'6i hidro, X chifi'm 94,12% k h o i
A . 50,00%

Cac nguyen t6' tir L i de'n F, theo chi^u tang ciia dien tich hat nhan thi
B. ban k i n h nguyen t u va d6 am dien d^u tang.

Nguyen lir ciia nguyen to X c6 cau hlnh electron ngoai cung la ns'^np''.
lupng. Phdn tram khoi lirpng cua nguyen t6' X trong o x i t cao nha't la

Nhan d j n h nao sau day dung k h i noi v6 3 nguyen tijr: ^3 X , 26 Y , ^ ^ Z ?

A . ban ki'nh nguyen t u va d6 am dien d^u giam.

Cho cac nguyen to: K ( Z = 19), N ( Z = 7), Si ( Z = 14), M g ( Z = 12). Day

g6m cac nguyen 16' dupe sdp x6'p theo chieu giam dan ban ki'nh nguyen tuf
tir trai sang phai la
A. M g , K , S i , N

D . chu k i 3, n h o m V I B .

p . X va Z CO ciing s6' kh6'i.

Nguyen t u ciia nguyen t6' X c6 electron a muc ni5ng lirgng cao nha't la 3p.
Nguyen t u ciia nguyen to Y cung c6 electron cf mv!c nang lucmg 3p va c6
mot electron a \dp ngoai cdng. Nguyen lir X va Y c6 so electron hon kem
nhau la 2. Nguyen to X , Y lan lugt la
A . k i m loai va k i m loai.

C. chu k i 4, n h o m V I I I A .

C. X , Y thu6c Cling m6t nguyen t6' hoa hpc.

52 va CO so k h o i la 35. S6' hieu nguyfin t u cua nguyen to X la
A . 18.

B. chu k i 4, nhom V I I I B .

B. X , Z la 2 d6ng v i ciia ciing m6t nguyfen t6' hoa hpc.

Cac n g u y e n t o X va Y lan l u m la
A. FevaCI.

A . chu k i 4, nhom I I A .

A . X va Y CO cung s6' notron.

L i e n kfi't hoa hoc giCra n g u y e n tir X va nguySn tir Y thudc l o a i I'ltn ket
A . kirn l o a i .

Ca'u h i n h electron cua ion X^* la l s ^ 2 s ^ 2 p ^ 3 s ^ 3 p ^ 3 d ^ . T r o n g bang tuSn

1.20.

A. Y, Z, X.

B. Z , X , Y .

C.X,Y,Z.

D.Z,Y,X.

Day g 6 m cac k i m loai c6 ca'u tao mang tinh the lap phuong tarn khd'i la
A. L i , Na, K.

B. Be, M g , Ca.

C.Li,Na,Ca.

D. Na, K, M g .

L i e n ket hoa hpc giiJa cac nguyen til trong phan njr H2O la lien ke't
A . c6ng hoa trj khong phan cue.

B. hidro.

C. cpng hoa t r i phan cue.

D. ion.


;.7. Cho cac can bang hoa hoc:
N2 (k) + 3 H2 (k) <
> 2 NH3 (k)
H2(k) + l2(k) ^ ± 2HI(k)

2. P H A N U N G O X I H O A - KHLT, T O C D O P H A N UNO
VA C A N B A N G H O A H O C

Di kbit ion Cu^"^ trong dung dich C U S O 4 c6 the' diing kim loai
A. Fe.
B. Na.
C. K.
D. Ba.
2.2. Cho phiromg trinh hoa hoc cua phan ling tong hop amoniac:
2.1.

N2(k) + 3H2(k)

2NH3(k)

Khi tang ndng d6 ciia hidro Ifin 2 l^n, t6'c d6 phan ling thuan
A. tang len 8 Ian.
B. giam di 2 iSn.
C. tang len 6 iSn.

D. tang Itn 2 l^n.
2.3. Cho cac phan ung xay ra sau day :
(1) AgNOj + Fe(N03)2 -» Fe(N03)3 + Ag>l^
(2) Mn + 2HCI

MnClj + H21

Day cac ion sap xfi'p theo chi6u tang dSn tfnh oxi hoa la
A. ,Ag+, Fe3+, H+ , M n 2 + .
B. Ag+ , Mn^^, H+ , Fe^+.
C. M n 2 + , H+ , Ag+,

Fe^^.

D. Mn^^,

H + , Fe^+,

Ag+.

2.4. T6ng he s6' (cac so nguyen, t6'i gian) ciia tat ca cac chat trong phuomg
trinh phan ling giua Cu vdri dung djch HNO, dac, nong la
A. 10
B. 11
C.8
D.9
2.5. Cho can bang hoa hoc: 2 SOj (k) + O2 (k) <=:± 2 SO3 (k)
phan ung thuan la phan ling toa nhiet.
Phat bie'u dung la:
A. can bang chuydn djch theo chi^u nghich khi giam n6ng do SO3 .

B. Can bang chuyen dich theo chieu thuan khi giam ap suat he phan ling.
C. can bang chuyen dich theo chieu nghich khi giam n6ng do O2 .
D. can bang chuyg'n dich theo chieu thuan khi tang nhiet d6.
2.6. Cho can bang hoa hoc: N2(k) + 3H2(k) ^-=± 2 N H 3 ( k ) ; phan ung
thuan la phan ling toa nhiet.
canthay
bangdoihoa
A.
C.
nhiet
ap hoc
sua'tdo.khong
he. bi chuyS'nD.
B. djch
thay
themkhi
doi
chatnong
xiic ddtac N2.
Fe.

(1)
(2)

2S03(k) (3)
2S02(k)+ 02(k)
2N02(k) < > N204(k)
(4)
Khi thay d6i ap sua't, nhung can bang hoa hoc bi chuyen dich la
A. (1), (2), (3).

B. (2), (3), (4).
C.(l),(3),(4).
D.(l),(2),(4).
2.8. Cho phan ung hoa hoc:
Fe + C U S O 4
FeS04 + Cu
Trong phan ung trSn xay ra:
A. str khtr Fe^"^ va sir oxi hoa Cu.
B. sir khur Fe^+ va su khir Cu^+.
C. su oxi hoa Fe va su oxi hoa Cu.
D. su oxi hoa Fe va su khur Cu^^.
2.9. Cho cac can bang sau:
(1) 2S02(k) + 02 (k) xt,t" ± 2S0., (k)
xt,t
(2) N2 (k) + 3H2 (k) ^
± 2NH3 (k)
(3)

CO, (k) + n, (k)

± CO (k) + H2O (k)

(4) 2HI (k)
± H2 (k) +12 (k)
Khi thay d6i ap sua't, nhom gdm cac can bang hoa hoc d^u
chuye'n dich la

A.(l)va(2).

B.(l)va(3).

C. (3) va (4).
2.10. Cho cac phan ung sau:
(a) 4HC1 + Pb02
(b)

HCl

->PbCl2+Cl2+2H20

+ NH4HCO3 — ^ N H 4 C I + CO2 + H2O

(c) 2HC1 + 2 H N O 3
(d)

D. (2) va (4).

2HC1 + Zn

> 2 N O 2 + CI2 + 2 H 2 O
> ZnCl2 +

khong

bi


S6' phan ung trong do HCl the hien ti'nh khii
A. 4

B. 3

C. 2

D. 1

2.11. Cho chat xuc tac M n 0 2 vao 100 ml dung dich H2O2, sau 60 giay thu duoc
33,6 ml khi Oj (cr dktc). T6'c do trung binh ciia phan ung (tinh theo H2O2)
trong 60 giay tren la
A. 5,0.10' moV (/.s).

B. 5,0.10^ mol/ (/.s).

C. 2,5.10-^ mol/ (Is).

D. 1,0.10'' mol/ (/.s).

2.12. Cho day cac chat va ion: Zn, S, FeO, SOj, N2, HCl, Cu'% Cr. So chat va
ion CO ca tinh oxi hoa va tinh khir la

C. chi th^ hien tinh khur.
D. khong the hien tinh khu va tinh oxi hoa.
2.17. Cho cac can bang sau:
(I) 2 H I ( k ) < = ± H2(k) + l2(k);
(II) CaCO, (r) < = > CaO (r) + CO2 (k);
(III) FeO (r) + CO (k) <

> Fe (r) + CO2 (k);

(IV) 2S02(k) + 02(k) <

> 2SO;(k).

A. 6

B.5

Khi giam ap suat ciia he, s6' can bang bi chuye'n dich theo chieu nghich la

7

D. 4

A. 4.

B. 3.

C. 2.

D. 1.

C.

2.13. Cho can bang:

2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) <

.

> 2SO, (k).

Khi tang nhiet d6 thl ti khdi cua h6n hop khi so vdi H2 giam di. Phat bi^u
dung khi noi v6 can bang nay la:
A. Phan utig thuan toa nhiet, can bang dich chuyin theo chi^u nghich khi
tang nhiet d6.
B. Phan ling nghich thu nhiet, can bang dich chuyfi'n theo chi6u thuan khi
tang nhiet dp.

2.18. Cho can bang hoa hoc: PCI, (k) <

> PCI3 (k) + CI2 (k); AH > 0.

c a n bang chuyen djch theo chieu thuan khi
A. tang ap suat ciia he phan ung.

B. tang nhiet do cua he phan ung.

C. them PCI3 vao he phan ung.

D. them CI2 vao he phan ung.

2.19. Cho phan ung:
NajSO, + KMn04 + NaHS04 ^ Na2S04 + MnS04 + K2SO4 + H2O.

C. Phan ling nghich toa nhiet, can bang dich chuyfin theo chi6u thuan khi
tang nhiet do.

Tdng he s6' ciia cac cha't (la nhCing so nguyen, t6'i gian) trong phuong trinh
phan ling la

D. Phan ung thuan thu nhiet, can bang dich chuydn theo chieu nghich khi
tang nhiet d6.

A. 27.

B.47.

C. 31.

D. 23.

2.14. Nung nong tiTng cap cha't sau trong binh kin: (1) Fe + S (r), (2) FejO, +
CO (k), (3) Au + O2 (k), (4) Cu + Cu(N0.,)2 (r), (5) Cu + KNo", (r),
(6) A l + NaCl (r). Cac truong hcfp xay ra phan ung oxi hoa k i m loai la

2.20. Nguyen tir S dong vai tro vijfa la cha't khir, vira la chat oxi hoa trong phan
ling nao sau day?

A.(l),(4),(5).

B. (2), (3), (4).

A. S + 2Na — ^ > Na2S.

C. (2); (5), (6).

D.(l),(3),(6).

B. S + 3F2

2.15. Cho X mol Fe tan hoan toan trong dung dich chiia y mol H2SO4 (ti 16 x : y
= 2 : 5 ) , thu duoc mot san phaim khu duy nha't va dung dich chi chira mu6'i
sunfat. S6' mol electron do luong Fe tren nhucmg khi bi hoa tan la
A. 2x.

B. 3x.

C. y.

D.2y.

2.16. Cho phan ung: 2C6H5-CHO + K O H ^ CfiHs-COOK + CfiHs-CHj-OH
Phan ung nay chung to CfiH^-CHO:
A. vira the hifin tinh oxi hoa, vira the hien tinh kh\i.
B. chi th^ hien tinh oxi hoa.

^^SFfi.

C. S + 6 H N 0 , (dac) — ^ H2SO4 + 6NO2 + 2H2O.
D. 4S + 6NaOH(dac) — ^ 2Na2S + Na2S203 + 3H2O.
3. S U D I E N L I
3.1. Khi hoa tan hidroxit kim loai M(0H)2 bang mot luong vira du dung dich
H2SO4 20% thu duoc dung dich mudi trung hoa c6 ndng do 27,21%. Kim
loai M la
A. Cu.

B. Zn.

C. Fe.

aMg.

^


3.2. Trong so cac dung dich : Na^CO,, KCl, CH^COONa, NH4CI, NaHS04,

3.3.

3.4.

dich NaOH ndng dO a (mol//), thu duoc 200 ml dung dich c6 pH - !2.

A. NaoCO,, QH.ONa, CH,COONa.

Gia tri cua a la (biet trong moi dung dich [H^][OH ] = j O""*)

B. NajCO,, NH4CI. KCl.

A. 0,15.

B. 0,30.

C. KCl, CftH,ONa, CH,COONa.

C. 0,03.

D. 0,12.

D. NH4CI, CH.COONa, NaHS04.

Khi cho 100 ml dung dich KOH I M vao 100 ml dung djch HCl thu duoc
dung djch c6 chiia 6,525 gam chat tan. N6ng dO mol (hoac mol/1) ciia
HCl trong dung dich da dung la

trai sang phai la
A. (3), (2), (4), (1).

B. (4), (1), (2), (3).

C.0,25M.

D.0,5M.

C. (1),(2).(3),(4).

D.(2),(3),(4),(l).

Mot dung dich chiia 0,02 mol Cu^^ , 0,03 mol K"", x mol CP va y mol

A. 0,03 va 0,02.

B. 0,05 va 0,01.

C. 0,01 va 0,03.

D. 0,02 va 0,05.

Day g6m cac chat deu lam quy tim am chuyen sang mau xanh la

3.11. Nho tir ttr 0,25 lit dung dich NaOH 1,04M vao dung dich gdm 0,024 mol

FeCl,; 0,016 mol Al2(S04), va 0,04 mol H2SO4 thu duoc m gam kel tiia.
Gia tri ciia m la
A. 2,568.

B. 1,560.

C. 4,128.

D. 5,064.

3.12. Day g6m cac ion (khOng ki 6€n su phan l i cua nude) ciing t6n tai trong
mot dung dich la

B. amoni clorua, metyl amin, natri hidroxit.

A. A l ' ^ N H ^ , Br , O H .

B. Mg^^ K ^ s o ^ -

C. anilin, metyl amin, amoniac.

c. H ^ Fe'^ N O 3 , s o ^ ~ .

^2-.

D . A g ^ N a \, c r .

D. anilin, amoniac, natri hidroxit.

3.8.

KNO3 (4). Gia tri pH cua cac dung djch duoc sap xep theo chili; ang tCr

B. I M .

A. metyl amin, amoniac, natri axetat.

3.7.

3.10. Cho cac dung djch c6 ciing nong do: N a 2 C 0 3 ( l ) , H2SO4 (2), I ' C I (3),

A.0,75M.

Gia tri cija x va y Ian luot la

3.6.

Tron 100 m l dung dich c6 pH = 1 g6m HCl va H N O , vdi 100 i i l dung

Q H s O N a . Nhifng dung dich c6 pH > 7 la

S 0 4 ~ . Tong khdi luong cac mudi tan c6 trong dung dich la 5,435 gam.

3.5.

3.9.

Dung dich HCl va dung dich CH3COOH c6 cung nong d6 mol, pH cua
hai dung dich tuong ung la x va y. Quan he giua x va y la (gia thie't, ci[
100 phan tu CH3COOH thi c6 1 phan tiJ dien l i ) .

A. y = lOOx.

B. y = 2x.

C. y = x - 2

D. y = x + 2

Tron lan V m l dung dich NaOH 0 , 0 I M v6i V m l dung dich HCl 0,03M
duoc 2V ml dung dich Y. Dung dich Y c6 pH la
A. 2.

B. 3.

C.l.

D.4.

Cho cac chat:

KA1(S04)2.12H20 ,C2H30H ,C,2H220,, (.saccarozo),CH3COOH,
Ca(0H)2,

PC 3-

3.13. Tron 100 ml dung dich h6n hop gom H2SO4 0,05M va HCl 0,1M vdi 100 ml
dung djch h6n hop gom NaOH 0,2M va Ba(OH)2 0,1M, thu duoc dung
djch X. Dung djch X c6 pH la
A. 12.8

B. 13,0

C. 1,0

D . 1,2

3.14. Dung dich X chiia hdn hop g6m Na^CO, 1,5M va K H C O , I M . Nho tiir tir
timg giot cho den het 200 ml dung djch HCl I M vao 100 ml dung djch X,
sinh ra V lit khi (0 dktc). Gia trj ciia V la
A. 3,36

B. 1,12

C. 4,48

D. 2,24

3.15. D6't chay hoan toan m gam h6n hop 3 ancol don chirc, thuOc ciiiii, day
d6ng dang, thu duoc 3,808 lit khi CO2 (dktc) va 5,4 gam H2O.

CH3COONH4.

Gia trj cCia m la

So chat dien li la

A. 3.

B. 4.

C. 5.

D. 2.

A. 5,42.

B. 4,72.

C. 7,42.

D. 5,72.


4.2
3.16. Dung djch X c6 chiia: 0,07 mol Na"^; 0,02 mol S O 4 va x mol OH . Dung
djch Y C O chiia C I O 4 , N O 3 va y mol

K O H trfin c6 n 6 n g d6 la

tdng s6' mol C I O 4 va N O 3 la

0,04. Tr6n X va Y duoc 100 ml dung dich Z. Dung djch Z c6 pH (bo qua
su difin l i cua HjO) la
A. 2.

B. 13.

C. 1.

D. 12.

.

3.17. Cho dung dich Ba(HC03)2 Ian luot vao cac dung dich: C a C l 2 , Ca(NO,)2,
NaOH, Na^CO,, K H S O 4 , Na2S04, Ca(OH)2, H2SO4, HCl.

4.3

A. 0,2M.

B. 0,4M

C. 0,48M.

D. 0,24M.

*

•

Trong phong thi nghiem, ngu5i ta thucmg di^u che' H N O 3 tir
A. N H 3 va O 2 .

B. N a N 0 2 va H 2 S O 4

dac.

C. NaN03 va H 2 S O 4 dac.

D. NaNOj vk HCl dac.

ta dun nong dung djch amoni nitrit bao hoa. Khf X la

A. 4.

B. 7.

C. 5.

D. 6.

A. NO

B.NO2.

C.N2O.

D.N2.

4.5. Trong phong thi nghidm, ngucfi ta thuomg dieu che clo bang each

3.18. Phat bieu nao sau day khong diing?
A. Trong cac dung djch: HCl, H2SO4, H2S c6 cung ndng dd 6,01 M , dung
dich HjS C O pH Ion nha't.

A. dien phan nong chay NaCl.

B. Nho dung djch N H 3 tir tCr tofi du vao dung djch C U S O 4 , thu dugc kfi't
tua xanh.

C. dien phan dung djch NaCl c6 mang ngan.

C. Dung djch NajCO^lam phenolphtalein kh6ng mau chuyen sang mau h6ng.
D. Nho dung dich NH3 ti^ lit tori du vao dung djch A I C I 3 , thu duoc ke't
tua trSng.
Cho 150 ml dung djch K O H 1,2M tac dung vdi 100 ml dung djch A I C I 3
n6ng d6 x mol//, thu dugc dung djch Y va 4,68 gam ket tua. Loai bo ket
tua, them tie'p 175 ml dung djch KOH 1,2M vao Y, thu dugc 2,34 gam ket
tiia. Gia trj ctia x la
A. 1,2.

B.0,8.

C.0,9.

D. 1,0.

B. cho dung djch HCl dac tac dung vol M n 0 2 , dun n6ng.
D. Cho F2 My CI2 ra khoi dung djch NaCl.
\6.

A. K 2 C O 3 .

B. BaCO,.

C. Fe(OH),.

D. Al(OH)v

4. PHI K I M (cacbon, silic, nito, photpho, oxi, lini huynh, halogen)

Cho khi CO (du) di vao ong sii nung nong dung h6n hgp X g6m A l j O , ,
MgO, Fe304, CuO thu dugc chat ran Y. Cho Y vao dung djch NaOH (du),
khuat kT, thay con lai phSn khong tan Z. Gia six cac phan ung xay ra hoan
toan. PhSn kh6ng tan Z gom.
A. MgO,Fe,Cu.

B. M g , Fe, Cu.

C. MgO, Fe304 , Cu.

D. M g , A l , Fe, Cu.

Ha'p thu hoan toan 4,48 1ft khf C O 2 (cr dktc) vao 500 ml dung dich h 6 n
hgp NaOH 0,1M va Ba(0H)2 0,2M, sinh ra m gam ket tua.
Gia trj cua m la

.7.

3.20. Hoa tan h6n hgp g6m: KjO, BaO, AI2O3, Fe304 vao nude (du), thu dugc
dung dich X va chat ran Y. Sue khf COj de'n du vao dung djch X, sau khi
cac phan lirng xay ra hoan toan thu dugc kfi't tua la

4.1.

'

4.4. Trong phong thf nghiem, 6i d\6u ch6 m6t lugng nho khf X tinh khiet, ngu&i

S6' trucfng hop c6 tao ra ket tua la

3.19.

Cho 13,44 lit khf clo ( a dktc) di qua 2,5 lit dung dich K O H 6 100"C Sau
khi phan d-ng xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc 37,25 gam K C l Dune dich

A. 9,85.

B. 11,82.

C. 19,70.

D.17,73.

Phan ung nhiet phan khong dung la
A.

2KNO3

B.

NH4NO2

2KNO2

C. NH4CI D. NaHC03
.8.

^
->

N2
NH3

+ O2.

+2H2O.

+ HCl.

-> NaOH + C O 2 .

Cho cac phan ung sau:
H2S + O2

(du)

— ^

Khf X + H 2 O

NH3 + O 2

850" CPt

NH4HCO3

+ HCl loang ^

^

KhfY+H20
Khf Z + N H 4 C I + H j O
11


Cac khf X, Y, Z thu dugc l&n luot la
A. SO3 , NO, NH3 .

B. SO2 , N 2 , NH3 .

C. SO2 . NO, C O 2 .

D. SO3 , N 2 , C O 2 .

C6ng thirc pbftn tu ciia hop chat khi tao bdi nguy6n t6' R va hidro la R H 3 .
Trong oxil ma R c6 so iioa tri cao nhat thi oxi chiem 74,07% ve kh6'i

4.9.
,

luong. Nguyen t6' R la
A.S.

B.As.

C. N .

D. P.

4.10. Cho 0,1 mol P2O5 vao dung djch chiia 0,35 mo! K O H . Dung djch thu

duoc CO cac cha't:
A. K 3 P O 4 , K 2 H P O 4 .

B. K 2 H P 0 4 , K H 2 P 0 4 .

C. K 3 P O 4 , K O H .

D. H3PO4, KH2PO4 .

4.11. Dung djch X chira cac ion: Fe^+, SO^~, NH4 , C F . Chia dung djch X
thanh hai phan bang nhau:
- Phfin mot tac dung vdi lirong dir dung djch NaOH, dun nong thu durgc
0.672 lit khf (o dktc) va 1,07 gam ket tua;
- PhSn hai tac dung vcfi krong du dung djch BaCl^, thu duoc 4,66 gam ket tiia.
T6ng khoi iuong cac mudi khan thu dupe kiii c6 can dung djch X la (qua
trlnh CO can chi c6 nude bay hoi):

4.15. Cho 0,448 lit khf COj (of dktc) ha'p thu he't vao 100 ml dung dich chira h6n
hgp NaOH 0,06M va Ba(OH)2 0,12M, thu dugc m gam ket tiia.
Gia trj cua m la
A. 1,970.

B. 1,182.

C. 2,364.

D. 3,940.

4.16. Hoa tan hoan toan 8,94 gam h6n hgp g6m Na, K va Ba vao nucSc, thu
dugc dung djch X va 2,688 1ft khf Hj (dktc). Dung djch Y g6m HCl va

H2SO4, ti le mol tuong irng la 4 : 1. Trung hoa dung djch X bdi dung djch
Y, tong khdi lugng cac mudi dugc tao ra la
A. 18,46 gam.

B. 12,78 gam.

C. 14.62 gam.

D. 13,70 gam.

4.17. Cho m gam NaOH vao 2 1ft dung djch NaHCO, ndng dd a mol//, thu dugc
2 1ft dung djch X. La'y 1 1ft dung djch X tac dung vdi dung djch BaCl,
(du) thu dugc 11,82 gam ket tiia. Mat khac, cho 1 1ft dung djch X vao
dung djch CaClj (du) rdi dun ndng, sau khi kdt thiic cac phan ling thu
dugc 7,0 gam kdt tiia. Gia trj ciia a, m tuong ling la
A. 0,04 va 4,8.

B. 0,07 va 3,2.

C. 0,08 va 4,8.

D. 0,14 va 2,4.

4.18. Nho tir tir dung djch NaOH den du vao dung djch X. Sau khi cac phan

A. 3,73 gam.

B. 7,04 gam.

irng xay ra hoan toan chi thu dugc dung djch trong sudt.

C. 7,46 gam.

D. 3,52 gam.

Chat tan trong dung djch X la

4.12. I r o n 5,6 gam bot sat vol 2,4 gam b6t luu huynh r6i nung nong (trong dieu
kien khong c6 khong khi), thu dugc h6n hop ran M . Cho M tac dung v6\
lugng du dung djch HCl, giai phong h6n hop khi X va con lai m6t ph^n
khong tan G. De dot chay hoan toan X va G cSn vira du V lit khf O, (d
dktc).
Gia trj cua V la
A. 4,48.
C.'2,80.

B. 3,36.
'

D. 3,08.

4.13. Chat khi X tan trong nude tao ra m6t dung djch lam chuyen mau quy tfm
thanh do va c6 th6 dugc dung lam cha't tay mau. Khf X la
A. NH,.
C.SO;.

B. CO2.
D.O3.

4.14. Khi nhiet phan hoan toan 100 gam m6i chat saiK KCIO3 (xiic tac MnOj),

KMn04, KNO3 va AgNO,, chat tao ra lugng O21dm nhat la
A. KMn04.

B. KNO,.

C. KCIO3.

D. AgNOj.

A.CUSO4.

B.AlClv

C. Fe(N03),.

D. Ca(HC03)2.

4.19. Hap thu hoan toan 3,36 1ft khf CO2 (dktc) vao 125 ml dung dich Ba(0H)2
I M , thu dugc dung djch X. Coi th^ tfch dung djch khdng thay ddi, ndng
dd mol cua cha't tan trong dung djch X la
A. 0,6M.

B. 0,4M.

C. 0,2M.

D. 0,1M.

4.20. Cho 0,015 mol radt loai hgp chat oleum vao nude thu dugc 200 ml dung
dich X . De' trung hoa 100 ml dung djch X cSn diing 200 m l dung djch

NaOH 0,15M. Ph^n tram ve khdi lugng ciia nguygn td luu Imynh trong
oleum tren la
A. 32,65%.

B. 23,97%.

C. 35,95%.

D. 37,86%.


5. DA) CUONG VE K I M L O A I
5.1. ThiT tir m6t s6' cap chat oxi h o a - khir trong day dien hoa nhu sau :
Fe^^/Fe ; Cu^+ZCu ;

5.7.

Fc^-"/Fe^*

Cac cap ch?rt kh6ng phan irng v6i nhau la

5.8.

A. Fe va dung dich CuC);.
C. dung djch F e C l 2 va dung dich C U C I 2 .
D. Cu va dung dich FeCls .

5.3.

Cho 1,67 gam hOn hop hai kim loai d hai chu k i lien tiep thuOc nhom

IIA (phan nhom chi'nh nhom II) tac dung he't v6i dung dich HCl (du),
thoat ra 0,672 lit khi H2 (cr dktc). Hai kim loai do la

D . su khtr ion N a " ^ .

Nhiet phan hoan toan 34,65 gam h6n hop g6m K N Q , va Cu(N03)2, thu
dugc hOn hop khi X (ti khdi cua X so vdfi khi hidro bang 18,8).

5.9.

A. 20,50 gam.

B. 11,28 gam.

C. 9,40 gam.

D. 8,60 gam.

K i m loai M phan ling duoc vdi dung dich HCl, dung dich C u ( N 0 3 ) 2 dung dich H N O 3 (dac, nguOi).
K i m loai M la
A. A l .

B. Zn.

C. Be va M g .

D. Sr va Ba.

C. Fe.

D. Ag.

Dicn phan dung dich chi'ra a mol C U S O 4 va b mol NaCl (vdi dien cue tro,

dien phan trong dung dich)
A^2b-a.

B. b < 2 a .

C. b = /a.

b . b>2a.

Co 4 dimg dich rieng biet: HCl, CuO„ FeCl,, HCl c6 iSn CuClj. Nhiing
vao mOi dung dich mot thanh Fe nguyen cha't. S6' trucmg hop xuat hien an
mon dien hoa la
A.O.

B. 1.

C. 3.

D.2.

Day cac ion xep theo chieu giam dan tinh oxi hoa la (bie't trong day dien
hoa, cap Fe^^/Fe^^ diing trudc cap Ag+/Ag) :
A. Ag+ , C u 2 + , F e 3 + , Fe2+ .

C. A g ^ Fe3+ , C u 2 \+ .
5.6.

C. su khir ion C r .

B. Cava Sr.

chuyen sang mau hong thi dieu kien cua a va b la (bie't ion 804" khdng bi

5.5.

B. su oxi hoa ion Na* .

A. M g v a C a .

CO inarg ngan xdp). Di dung dich sau dien phan Ihm phenolphtalein

5.4.

A. su oxi hoa ion C r .

KhO'i luong Cu(NO,)2 trong hOn hcfp ban dAu la

B. Fe va dung dich FCCI3 .

5.2.

Khi dien phan NaCl nong chay (dien cue tro), tai catOt xay ra

B. Fe^^ , C u 2 ^ Ag+ , Fe^^ .

D. Fe^^, A g ^ , Cu^^ , Fe^^ .

Dien phan dung dich CuClj v6i dien cue tro, sau mOt thdi gian ihu duoc
0,32 gam Cu 6 catOt va mot luong khi X b anOt. Hap thu hoan toan
luong khi X tren vao 200 ml dung dich NaOH (6 nhiet do thirdng). Sau
phan ling, nong do NaOH con lai la 0,05M (gia thiet thd tich dung dich
khong thay dOi). Nong do ban dSu ciia dung dich NaOH la

5.10. D6't chay hoan toan 7,2 gam kim loai M (c6 hoa tri I I khdng doi trong
hop cha't) trong h6n hop khi C I 2 va O j . Sau phan ung thu dugc 23,0 gam
cha't ran va the tich h6n hop khi da phan umg la 5,6 lit (b dktc).
Kim loai M la
A. Mg.

B. Ca.

C. Be.

D. Cu.

5.11. Dien phan c6 mang ngan 500 m l dung djch chiia h6n hop g6m

CUCI2

0,1M va NaCl 0,5M (dien cue tro, hieu suat dien phan 100%) vdi cuong
do dong dien 5A trong 3860 giay. Dung dich thu dugc sau dien phan c6
kha nang hoa tan m gam A l . Gia tri Idn nha't cua m la
A. 5,40

B. 4,05

C.2,70

D. 1,35

5.12. Dien phan nong chay

vdi anot than chi (hieu suat dien phan 100%)
thu dugc m kg A l d catot va 67,2 m^ (d dktc) hdn hgp khi X cd ti khdi so
vdi hidro bang 16. La'y 2,24 lit (d dktc) hdn hgp khi X sue vao dung dich
nude v6i trong (du) thu dugc 2 gam ket tiia. Gia tri cua m la
AI2O3

A. 67,5

B. 54,0

C. 75,6

D. 108,0

5.13. Cho cac hgp kim sau: Cu-Fe (I); Zn-Fe (II); Fe-C (III); Sn-Fe (IV). Khi
tie'p xuc vdi dung dich chat dien l i thi cac hgp kim ma trong do Fe deu bi
an mdn trudc la

A. 0,15M

B. 0,2M

A. I , I I va IV

B. I , I I I va I V

C.0,1M

D.0,05M

C. I , I I va I I I

D. I I , I I I va I V
91^


5.14. Phan Ling dien phan dung djch CuClj (vdi dien cue tra) va phan irng an
mon dien hoa xay ra khi nhiing hop kim Zn-Cu vao dung djch HCl c6 dac
diem la:
A. Phan ung 6 cue am eo sir tham gia cua kim loai hoac ion kim loai.
B. Phan ling xay ra lu6n kem theo sir phat sinh dong dien.
C. Deu sinh ra Cu a cue am.
D. Phan ung a cue duong deu la sir oxi hoa CI .
5.15. Cho 19,3 gam h6n hop hot gom Zn va Cu c6 ti le mol tucfng ung la 1 : 2
vao dung dich chua 0,2 mol Fe2(S04),. Sau khi cac phan ling xay ra hoan
loan, thu ducfc m gam kim loai. Gia tri cua m la
A. 12,00.
B. 16,53.
C. 6,40.
D. 12,80.
5.16. Nung 2,23 gam h6n hop X gom cac kim loai Fe, Al, Zn, Mg trong oxi,
sau mot thai gian thu duac 2,71 gam h6n hop Y. Hoa tan hoan toan Y vao
dung dich UNO, (du), thu duac 0,672 lit khi NO (san pham khir duy nhat,
a dktc). So mol HNO, da phan ling la

A. 0,12.
B.0,14.
C. 0,16.
D. 0,18.
5.17. Dien phan (vdi dien cue tra) 200 ml dung dich CUSO4 n6ng do x mol//,
sau mot thori gian thu dugc dung dich Y vSn con mau xanh, c6 khdi lugng
giam 8 gam so vdi dung dich ban d^u. Cho 16,8 gam hot sdt vao Y, sau
khi cac phan ling xay ra hoan toan, thu dugfc 12,4 gam kim loai. Gia tri
ciia X la
A. 2,25.
B. 1,50.
C. 1,25.
D. 3,25.
5.18. Cho dung djch X chiia KMn04 va H2SO4 (loang) Mn luat vao cac dung
djch: FeClj, FeS04, CUSO4, MgS04, HjS, HCl (dac).
So truofng hop c6 xay ra phan ling oxi hoa - khir la
A. 3.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 6.
5.19. Cho biet thiJ tu tir trai sang phai ciia cac cap oxi hoa - khir trong day di6n
hoa (day the' dien cue chuSin) nhu sau: Zn^YZn; Fe^^/Fe; Cu^VCu;
Fe'^e^^; AgVAg.
Cac kim loai va ion d^u phan ung duoc vdi ion Fe^"^ trong dung dich la:
A. Zn, Ag^
B. Zn, Cu'^
C. Ag, Fe'\. Ag, C\i^\

6. KIM LOAI KIEM, KIM LOAI KIEM THO, NHOM, SAT
6.1. Cho mot mau hop kim Na-Ba tae dung vdi nude (du), thu duac dung dich

X va 3,36 lit H2 (or dktc). The tieh dung djch axit H2SO4 2M can dung de
trung hoa dung dich X la
A. 150 ml.
B. 75 ml.
C. 60 ml.
D. 30 ml.
6.2. ITiem m gam kali vao 300 ml dung dich chiJa Ba(OH)2 0,1M va NaOH
0,1M thu duoc dung djch X. Cho tir tir dung dich X vao 200 ml dung dich
Al2(S04)3 0,1M thu dugc ke't tua Y. Di thu dugc lugng ket tiia Y Idn nha't
thi gia tri ciia m la
.
A. 1,59.
B. 1,17.
C. 1,71.
D. 1,95.
6.3. Hoa tan hoan toan 3,22 gam h6n hgp X g6m Fe, Mg va Zn bang mot
lugng vira du dung dich H2SO4 loang thu dugc 1,344 lit hidro (dktc) va
dung dich ehufa m gam mudi. Gia tri ciia m la
A. 9,.52.
B. 10,27.
C. 8,98.
D. 7,25.
6.4. Cho kim loai M tac dung vdi CI2 dugc mudi X ; cho kim loai M tac dung
vdi HCl dugc mudi Y. Neu cho kim loai M tac dung vdi mudi X ta cQng
dugc mudi Y. Kim loai M cd the la
A. Mg.
B.Zn.
C. Al.
D. Fe.
6.5. Hoa tan hoan toan hdn hgp X gdm Fe va Mg bang mdt lugng viJa dii

dung dich HCl 20%, thu dirge dung djch Y. Ndng do cua FeClj trong
dung dich Y la 15,76%. Ndng dd phfin tram eiia MgClj trong dung dich
Yla '
A. 24,24%.
B. 11,79%.
C. 28,21%.
D. 15,76%.
6.6. Cho 4,48 lit khf CO (dktc) tiir tir di qua dng nung ndng dung 8 gam mdt
oxit sat den khi phan ling xay ra hoan toan. Khi thu dugc sau phan ung cd
ti khdi so vdi hidro bang 20. Cdng thiic ciia sat oxit va phSn tram the ti'ch
ciia khi CO2 trong hdn hgp khf sau phan ling la
A. FeO; 75%.
"
B. Fe203 ; 75%.
C. FcjOj ; 65%.
D. Fe304 ; 75%.
6.7. Cho hdn hgp X gdm Mg va Fe vao dung dich H2SO4 dac, ndng den khi
phan I'mg xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc dung dich Y va mdt phSn Fe khdng
tan. Chat tan cd trong dung dich Y la
A. MgS04va FeS04.
B. MgS04.
C. MgS04 va Fe2 (SO4 )3.
D. MgS04 , Fez (SO4 )3, FeS04.


6.8.

6.9.

Nung 13,4 gam h6n hop 2 mu6'i cacbonat cua 2 kirii loai hoa tri I I , thu

duoc 6,8 gam chat ran va khi X. Luong khi X sinh ra cho ha'p thu vao
75ml dung dich NaOH I M , kh6'i luong mu6i khan thu dugc sau phan
iJng la
A. 4,2 gam.
B. 5,8 gam.

6.15. Trgn dung dich chiia a mol A l C l , vdi dung djch chira b mol NaOH. D6
thu dugc k€t tua thi cSn c6 ti 16

C. 6,3 gam.
D. 6,5 gam.
Cho h6n hop Fe, Cu phan ung vdi dung dich HNO, loang. Sau khi phan
ling hoan loan, thu diroc dung dich chi chiia m6t cha't tan va kim loai du.
Chat tan do la

6.16. Hoa tan 5,6 gam Fe bang dung dich H2SO4 loang (du), thu dugc dung
djch X . Dung dich X phan ling viia dii vdi V ml dung dich KMn04 0,5M.
Gia trj cua V la (cho Fe = 56)

A. H N O 3 .

B. Fe(N03)2.

C. Cu(N03)2.

D. Fe(N03)3.

6.10. Cho 6,72 gam Fc vao dung dich chua 0,3 mol H2SO4 dac, nong (gia thiS't SO2
la san pham khijr duy nhat). Sau khi phan ung xay ra hoan toan, thu duoc

B. a : b < l : 4
D. a : b > l : 4

A.80

B. 40

C. 20

D. 60

6.17. Cho 11,36 gam h6m hgp g6m Fe, FeO, Fe203 va FC3O4 phan ung hd't
vdri dung dich HNO3 loang (du), thu dugc 1,344 1ft khf NO (san phdm

A. 0,03 mol Fe2 (804)3 va 0,06 mol FeS04.

khu duy nhat, a dktc) va dung dich X. C6 can dung dich X thu dugc m
gam muoi khan. Gia tri cua m la

B. 0,02 mol Fe2 (804)3 va 0,08 mol FeS04.

A. 35,50.

B. 34,36.

C. 49,09.

D. 38,72.

C. 0,12 mol FeS04.

D. 0,05 mol Fe2 (SO4 )3 va 0,02 mol Fe dir.
6.11. Nung m gam b6t sat trong oxi, thu dugc 3 gam h6n hop cha't ran X . Hoa
tan het h6n hop X trong dung dich HNO, (du), thoat ra 0,56 1ft (6 dktc)
NO (la san ph^im khu duy nhat). Gia tri cua m la

6.18. Hoa tan hoan toan 0,3 mol h6n hgp g6m A l va AI4C3 vao dung dich
KOH (du), thu dugc a mol h6n hgp khf va dung dich X. Sue khf CO2
(du) vao dung dich X, lugng ket tiia thu dugc la 46,8 gam.
Gia tri cua a la

A. 2,62.

B. 2,32.

A. 0,55.

B. 0,60.

C. 2,52.

D. 2,22.

C. 0,45.

D. 0,40.

6.12. H6n hop X g6m Na va A l . Cho m gam X vao m6t lucmg du nudrc thi thoat
ra V 1ft khf. Neu cung cho m gam X vao dung dich NaOH (du) thi thu
dugc 1,75 V 1ft khf. Th&nh phitn ph^n tram theo khd'i lugng ciia Na trong
X la (biet the tfch khf do d cung di^u kien)

6.19. Cho 2,13 gam h6n hgp X gdm ba kim loai la M g , Cu va A l 6 dang b6t tac
dung hoan toan vdi oxi, thu dugc hdn hgp Y gdm cac oxit c6 khdi lugng
3,33 gam.
The tfch dung dich HCl 2 M vira dii de phan ung het vdri Y la

A. 29,87%.

B. 39,87%.

A. 50 ml.

B. 57 ml.

C. 49,87%.

D. 77,31%.

C. 75 ml.

D. 90 m l .

6.13. Cho 200 ml dung dich A l C l , 1,5M tac dung vdi V lit dung dich NaOH
0,5M, lugng ket tua thu dugc la 15,6 gam.

6.20. D6 hoa tan hoan toan 2,32 gam hdn hgp gdm FeO, Fe304 va Fe20, (trong do
sd mol FeO bang sd mol Fe203), c^n dung vua dii V 1ft dung djch HCl I M .
Gia tri cua V la:

Gia tri lorn nhat ciia V la

A. 2.

B. 2,4.

C. 1,2.

D. 1,8.

6.14. Hoa tan hoan toan h6n hgp gdm 0,12 mol FeS2 va a mol CujS vao axit
HNO, (vira dii), thu dugc dung djch X (chi chua hai muO'i sunfat) va khi
duy nhat NO. Gia tri cua a la

10

A. a : b = l : 4
C. a : b = I : 5

A. 0,04.

B. 0,075.

CO, 12.

D.0,06.

A. 0,16.

B.0,18.

C. 0,23.

D. 0,08.
6.21. Cho hdn hgp gdm Na va A l cd ti le sd mol tuong ling 1 : 2 vao nude (du).
Sau khi cac phan ung xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc 8,96 1ft khf H2 (d dktc)
va m gam chat ran kh6ng tan.
Gia tri ciia m la
A. 5,4.
B. 7,8.
C. 10,8.
D.43,2.


6.22. Cho V h't dung djch NaOH 2 M vao dung dich chiia 0,1 mol Al2(S04)3 va
0,1 mol H2SO4 den khi phan I'mg hoan loan, thu dugc 7,8 gam ke'l tua.
Gia trj 1dm nha't cua V di thu dugc luang ket tua trfin la
A. 0,35.

B. 0,45.

C. 0,25.

D. 0.05.

6.23. Cho h6n hop bot g6m 2,7 gam A l va 5,6 gam Fe vao 550 ml dung dich
AgNO, I M . Sau khi cac phan irng xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc m gam chat
ran. Gia tri cua m la
A. 32,4.
B.64,8.
C. 59,4.
D. 54,0.
6.24. Nung nong m gam h6n hgp A l va Fe203 (trong m6i trucmg kh6ng c6

khong khi) den khi phan ling xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc h6n hgp rSn Y .
Chia Y thanh 2 phan bang nhau:
- Phiin 1 tac dung vdi dung dich H2SO4 loang (du), sinh ra 3,08 lit khi H2
(a dktc).
- Phan 2 tac dung vdi dung dich NaOH (du), sinh ra 0,84 lit khi H2 (6
dktc).
Gia tri ciia m la
A. 22,75.

B. 29,43.

C. 29,40.

D. 21,40.

6.25. Nung mot h6n hgp ran g6m a mol FeCO, va b mol FeSz trong binh km
chiJa khong khi (du). Sau khi cac phan iJng xay ra hoan toan, dua binh v^
nhiet do ban dilu, thu dugc chat ran duy nha't la Fe20, va h6n hgp khi.
Biet ap suat khi trong binh trirdfc va sau phan ling bang nhau, moi lien h6
giOa a va b la (biet sau cac phan iJng, luu huynh d miic oxi hoa +4, the
ti'ch cac chat ran la kh6ng dang ki):
A. a = 0,5b.

B. a = b.

C. a = 4b.

D. a = 2b.

6.26. Cho 9,12 gam h6n hgp g6m FeO, Fe203, Fe304 tac dung vert dung dich

HCl (du). Sau khi cac phan ung xay ra hoan toan, dugc dung dich Y; cd
can Y thu dugc 7,62 gam FeCl2 va m gam FeCl3.

6.28. Anh hucmg ciia nhom - O H d6n g6c C.H, - trong phan tii phenol thi hien
qua phan ling giua phenol vd'i
A. dung dich NaOH.

B. Na kim loai.

C. nuorc Br2 .

D. H2 (Ni, nung nong).

6.29. Chia m gam A l thanh hai phan bang nhau:
- PhSn mgt tac dung v6i lugng du dung dich NaOH, sinh ra x mol khi H j .
- Phan hai tac dung vdi lugng du dung dich HNO3 loang, sinh ra y mol
khi N2O (san pham khu duy nha't).
Quan he giiJa x va y la
A. y = 2x.

B. X = y.

C. X = 4y.

D. X = 2y.

6.30. Hoa tan hoan toan Fe304 trong dung dich H2SO4 loang (du) dugc dung
dich X | . Cho lugng du bdt Fe vao dung dich X, (trong dieu kien khong c6
khdng khi) d6'n khi phan ung xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc dung dich X2
chiia cac cha't tan la

A. Fe2 (804)3 va H2SO4 .

B. FeS04.

C. Fe2(S04)3.

D. FeS04 va H2SO4.

6.31. Hoa tan het 7,74 gam h6n hgp bdt Mg, A l bang 500 ml dung dich h6n
hgp HCl I M va H2SO4 0,28M thu dirge dung dich X va 8,736 lit khi H2 (cy
dktc).
C6 can dung djch X thu dugc lugng mu6'i khan la
A. 38,93 gam.

B. 25,95 gam.

C. 103,85 gam.

D. 77,86 gam.

6.32. D6't nong m6t h6n hgp gom A l va 16 gam FcjO, (trong di^u kien khong
CO khong khi) den khi phan irng xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc h6n hgp ran
X. Cho X tac dung viira du v&i V ml dung dich NaOH I M sinh ra 3,36 lit
H2 (6 dktc).
Gia tri ciia V la

Gia tri ciia m la:
A. 9,75.

B. 8,75.

A. 300.

B. 100.

C. 7,80.

D. 6,50.

C. 200.

D. 150.

6.27. Cho 1,9 gam h6n hgp mu6'i cacbonat va hidrocacbonat cija kim loai ki^m
M tac dung het vdfi dung dich HCl (du), sinh ra 0,448 lit khi (or dktc). K i m
loai M la
A.Na.

B.K.

CRb.

D.Li.

6.33. Cho m, gam A l vao 100 ml dung dich gom Cu(N03)2 0,3M va AgN03
0,3M. Sau khi cac phan ling xay ra hoan torn thi thu dugc mj gam chat
ran X. Neu cho mj gam X tac dung v6i lugng du dung dich HCl thi thu
dugc 0,336 lit khi (d dktc). Gia tri ciia m, va m2 Ian lugt la
A. 8,10 va 5,43.
B. 1,08 va 5,43.

C. 0.54 va S ifi
nin8va5.l6.


6.34. Hoa tan hoan toan m gam h6n hop X g6m N H J O va Al^O, vao H 2 O thu
duac 200 ml dung dich Y chi chiia chat tan duy nha't c6 n6ng d6 0,5M.
Thoi khi C O 2 (du) vao Y thu duac a gam ket tiia.
Gia tri cua m va a Mn lugt la
A. 8,3 va 7,2.
B. 11,3 va 7,8.
C. 13,3 va 3,9.
D. 8,2 va 7,8.
6.35. Cho dung dich chura 0,1 mol (NH4)2C03 tac dung \di dung dich chiJa
34,2 gam Ba (OH)2. Sau phan utig thu dugc m gam ket tiia. Gia tri ciia m la
A. 19,7.
B. 39,4.
C. 17,1.
D. 15,5.
6.36. Cho m gam h6n hop X gom FeO, FcjO,, Fe,04 vao m6t lucmg vCra dii dung
djch HCl 2M, thu duoc dung djch Y c6 ti It s6 mol Fe^^ va Fe'^ la 1 : 2.
Chia Y thanh hai ph^n bang nhau. Co can phan m6t thu dugc m, gam
muoi khan. Sue khi clo (du) vao phan hai, c6 can dung dich sau phan irng
thu dugc m j gam mu6'i khan. Bie't m2 - m, = 0,71.
The' ti'eh dung djch HCl da dung la
A. 240 ml.
B. 80 m l .
C. 320 ml.
D. 160 ml.

6.41.

Gia tri ciia m 1^

6.42.

B.5,04

C. 4,32

D. 2,88

6.38. Hoa tan hoan toan 8,862 gam h6n hgp A l va Mg vao dung dich HNO, loang,
thu dugc dung dich X va 3,136 lit (cf dktc) h6n hgp Y gom hai khi khong
• mau, trong do co m6t khi hoa nau trong kh6ng khi. Kh6'i lurgng cua Y la 5.18
gam. Cho dung djch NaOH (du) vao X va dung nong, kh6ng c6 khi mui khai
thoat ra. Phan trSm khoi lugng ciia A l trong h6n hgp ban dau la
A. 19,53%
B. 12,80%
C. 10,52%
D. 15,25%

6.44.

6.45.

6.39. Hoa tan hoan toan 47,4 gam phen chua KA1(S04)2.12H20 vao nude thu
dugc dung djch X . Cho toan b6 X tac dung wdi 200 ml dung djch Ba(OH)2
I M , sau phan umg thu dugc m gam k6't tiia. Gia tri m la
A. 7,8

B. 46,6

C. 54,4

D. 62,2

6.40. Hoa tan hoan toan 2,9 gam h6n hgp g6m kim loai M va oxit ciia no vao
nuoc, thu dugc 500 ml dung dich chiia mot chat tan c6 nong d6 0,04M va
0,224 lit khi H2 (or dktc). K i m ioai M la
A. Ca
B. K
C. Na
D. Ba

A. 48,4

B. 52,2

C. 58,0

D. 54,0

Hoa tan m gam h6n hgp Al, Fe v^o dung dich H2SO4 loang (du). Stw khi
cdc phan utig xay ra hoan tokn, thu dugc dung dich X . Cho dur»g «^ch
Ba(OH)2 (du) vao dung dich X , thu dugc ket tiia Y. Nung Y trong kh6ng
khi de'n kh6'i lugng kh6ng ddi, thu dugc chat ran Z la
A. h6n hgp g6m A l j O , va Fe203

B. h6n hgp g6m BaS04 vk Fe^Oj

C. h6n hgp g6m BaS04 va FeO

D. FcjO,.

6.43. Nung nong m gam h6n hgp g6m Al va Fe304 trong dieu kifin khdng c6
khCng khi. Sau khi phan ling xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc h6n hgp rftn X .
Cho X tac dung v6i dung dich NaOH (du) thu dugc dung dich Y, chAt rdn
Z va 3,36 lit khi H2 (d dktc). Sue khi CO2 (du) vao dung dich Y, thu dugc
39 gam ket tua. Gia tri cua m Ik

6.37. Cho m gam M g vao dung dich chiia 0,12 mol FeClv Sau khi phan ling
xay ra hoan toan thu dirge 3,36 gam chat ran. Gia tri cua m la
A. 2,16

Hok tan hoan to^n 20,88 gam m6t oxit sat bang dung dich H2SO4 dftc,
nong thu dugc dung dich X va 3,248 lit khi SO2 (san phdm khir duy nWt,
Cf dktc). C6 can dung dich X , thu dugc m gam mu6'i sunfat khan.

6.46.

A. 48,3

B. 45,6

C. 36,7

D. 57,0

Hoh tan hoan toan 12,42 gam Al bang dung dich H N O , loang (du), thu
dugc dung dich X vk 1,344 lit (d dktc) h6n hgp khi Y g6m hai khi \k N^O

va Nj. Ti khfi'i cCia h6n hgp khi Y so vdi khi H 2 la 18. C6 can dung djch X ,
thu dugc m gam chat ran khan. Gia tri ciia m \k
A. 34,08

B. 38,34

C. 106,38

D. 97,98

Cho 7,1 gam h6n hgp g6m m6t kim loai ki^m X va m6t kim loai ki^m A d
Y tac dung he't vori lugng du dung dich HCl loang, thu dugc 5,6 lit khi
(dktc). kim loai X , Y Ik
A. kali va bari.

B. kali va canxi.

C. natri vk magic.

D. liti va beri.

Hok tan hoan toan 2,44 gam h6n hgp b6t X g6m Fe,Oj, wk Cu bang v**iag
dich H2SO4 dac nong (du). Sau phan ling thu dugc 0,504 lit khi SOj (san
ph^m khijf duy nh^t, a dktc) va dung dich chiia 6,6 gam h6n hgp mu6'i
sunfat. Ph^n tram khd'i lugng ciia Cu trong X \k
A. 39,34%.

B. 65,57%.

C. 26,23%.

D. 13,11%.


6.47. Tfon 10,8 gam bdt Al vori 34,8 gam b6t F e 3 0 4 r6i tie'n hanh phan dmg
v.u/nhiet nh6m trong di^u kien kh6ng c6 khong khi. Hoa tan hoan loan h6n
hop ran sau phan irng bang dung dich H2SO4 loang (du), thu duoc 10,752
lit khi Hj (dklc). Hieu suat cua phan umg nhiet nh6m la
A. 80%.

B. 90%.

C. 70%.

D.60%.

6.48. Hoa tan hoan loan 2,45 gam h6n hop X gom hai kim loai kiem tho vao
,. 200 ml dung dich HCl 1,25M, thu dirge dung dich Y chiia cac chat tan c6
nong do mol bang nhau. Hai kim loai trong X la
A. MgvaCa.

B. Be va Mg.

C.MgVa Sr

D. Be va Ca.

7. TONG HdP NQl DUNG CAC KIEN THUC HOA \6
CHUONG TRINH PHO THONG

7.1. Cho cac cap kim loai nguyen chat tifip xiic true tiep vai nhau : Fe va Pb ; Fe
va Zn ; Fe va Sn ; Fe va Ni. Khi nhiing cac kim loai tien vao duiig dich
axit, s6' cap kim loai trong do Fe bi pha hiiy trudc la

7.2.

>

6.49. Cho 1,56 gam h6n hop gom Al va AI2O, phan ifng het v6i dung dich HCl
(dir), thu dugc V lit khf Hj (dktc) va dung dich X. Nho tir tCr dung dich
, NH-, den du vao dung dich X thu dugc ket tiia, Igc het lugng ke'l tiia, nung
. den khfi'i lugng kh6ng ddi thu dugc 2,04 gam cha't ran.

7.3.

B. 1,344.

C; 0,672.

D. 0,448.

7.4.

B. 1.

C. 2.

D. 3.

Co the dung NaOH (d the ran) dc lam kh6 cac chat khi

A. NH3,S02,CO,Cl2.

B. N2,N02,C02,CH4,H2.

C. NH3,02,N2,CH4,H2.

D. N2,Cl2,02,C02,H2.

Cho S 0 do phan ung : NaCl

(X)

NaHCOj ^ (Y) -> NaNOj.

A. NaOH va NaClO.

B. Na2C03 va NaClO.

C. NaC103 va Na2C03.

D. NaOH va Na2C03.

Trong cac dung dich : HNO3, NaCl, Na2S04,Ca(OH)2,
Ba(HC03)2 la

(du), thu dugc dung dich chu-a 7,5 gam muoi sunfat trung hoa.

A. HN03,NaCl, Na2S04.

C6rig thuc cua muoi hidrocacbonat la

B. HN03,Ca(OH)2,KHS04,Na2S04.

A. MglHCO,)^.

B.NaHCO,.

C. Ca(HCO,)2.
D. Ba(HC0,)26.51. Cho h6n hgp gom 6,72 gam Mg va 0,8 gam MgO tac dung het vdi lugng
du dung dich HNO,. Sau khi cac phan ung xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc
0,896 lit mot khi X (dktc) va dung dich Y. Lam bay hdi dung dich Ythu
dirge 46 g-im mu6 khan. Khi X la

C. NaCl. Na2S04,Ca(OH)2.
D. HN03,Ca(OH)2,KHS04,Mg(N03)2.
7.5.

H6n hgp X chira NajO, NH4CI, NaHCO, va BaCl2 c6 so mol m6i chat de

bang nhau. Cho h(5n hgp X vao H2O (du), dun nong, dung dich thu dugc chiia
A. NaCi, NaOH, BaCl2.

A. N2O.

B. NO.

B. NaCl.

C. N2.

D. NO2.

C. NaCl, NaOH.
D. NaCl, NaHCO,, NH4CI, BaCl2.

6.52. Cho 29,8 gam h6n hgp hot g6m Zn va Fe vao 600 ml dung dich CUSO4

' 0,5M. Sau khi ede phan irng xay ra hoan toan, thu dugc dung dich X va
30,4 gam h6n hgp kim loai. Phan tram ve khoi lugng ciia Fe trong h6n
hgpbanddula
A. 37,58%.

B. 64,42%:

C. 43,62%.

D. 56,37%.

KHSO4,

Mg(N03)2, day gom cac chat d6u tac dung dirge vdi dung dich

6.50. Cho 9,125 gam muoi hidrocacbonat phan irng het vdri dung dich H2SO4

•

A. 4.

XvaYcolhe'la

• GiatricuaVla
A. 0,224.

CO THUOC

7.6.

Cho tir tijr dung dich chira a mol HCl vao dung dich chiia b mol N ;0,
dong thdi khuay deu, thu dugc V 1ft khi (a dktc) va dung dich X. Kni cho
du nirdc v6i trong vao dung dich X thay c6 xua't hien ket tiia.
Bieu thu-c lien he giira V vdri a, b la
A. V = 22,4(a-b).

B. V = 11,2(a - b).

C.V= ll,2(a + b).

D. V = 22,4(a + b).


7.12. X \k kirn loai phan ung dugc v6i dung dich H 2 S O 4 loang, Y Ik kirn loai
7.7.

tac dung dugc vdi dung dich Fe(N03)3 • Hai kirn loai X, Y l^n lugt Ik:

Cho cac phan ling sau :
a) FeO+HN03d,,„,,„g

(bie't thu- tu day the' dien hoa: FQ^*/Fe^-^

^

A. A g , M g .

b) FeS+H2S04j,,„,„g
7.13.

d) Cu + dung djch FeClg
t) CH3CHO +H2

)

(3) NH3 + O2
(5) NH4CI

g) C2H4 + Br^ ->

t"

(2) NH4NO2 —

850" C P t

. (4) NH3 + CI2

—

(6) NH3 + CuO

Cac phan ling d^u tao khf N2 la:

h) glixerol (ghxerin) + Cu(0H)2 - >
Day g6m cac phan Crng d i u thu6c phan img oxi hoa - khuf la
A. a, b, d, e, f, h

B. a, b, d, e, f, g

C. a, b, c, d, e, h

D. a, b, c, d, e, g.

K h i nung nong h6n hop cac chat Fe(N03)2, Fe(OH), va FeCO, trong
A. Fe304

B. FeO

C. Fe

D. Fe203

Ha'p thu hoan toan 2,688 1ft khi CO2 (cr dktc) va 2,5 1ft dung dich Ba(0H)2
n6ng d6 a mol/lft, thu duoc 15,76 gam ke't tiia.
Gik tri cua a la

A . ( l ) , (3), (4).

B . ( l ) , (2), (5).

C. (2), (4), (6).

D. (3), (5), (6).

7.14. Cho cac cha't: A l , A I 2 O 3 ,

khOng khi de'n kh6'i luong kh6ng d6i, thu dugc m6t chat ran Ik

7.9.

D. M g , A g .

Cho cac phan ling sau:
(1) Cu(N03)2 •

f) glucozo+ AgN03 (hoSic Ag20)trong dung dich NH3 - >

7.8.

B. Cu, Fe.

C. Fe, Cu.

c) AI2O3 + H N O 3 , - >

dung tru6c Ag""/Ag).

,

AI2 (804)3,

Zn(OH)2,

SO' chat d6u phan ihig dugc vdi dung dich HCl, dung djch NaOH Ik
A. 6 chat.

B. 4 chaft.

C. 5 chat.

D. 7 cha't.

7.15. Cho V 1ft h6n hgp khi (o dktc) g6m CO va H2 phan irng \6i m6t lugng du
hOn hgp ran g6m CuO vk Fe,04 nung nong. Sau khi phan ling xay ra ho^n
toan, khO'i lugng h6n hgp ran giam 0,32 gam.
Gia tri ciia V Ik

B. 0,048

A. 0,112.

B. 0,560.

C.0,06

D.0,04

C. 0,224.

D. 0,448.

7.16. TiJr hai mu6'i X va Y thuc hifin cac phan ung sau:

Zn(OH)2. SO' chat trong day c6 tfnh chat luofng tfnh la

X

A. 3

B. 5

X, + H2O - > X2

C. 2

D. 4

7.11. Menh dg khong dung la
A. Fe^"^ oxi hoa dugc Cu.
B. Fe khir dugc Cu^"^ trong dung dich.
C. Fe-''^ CO tfnh oxi hoa manh hon Cu^^.
D. Tfnh oxi h6a ciia cac ion tang theo thii tu: Fe^"*", H"*", Cu^"^, Ag"^.

K2SO3,

(NH4)2C03.

A. 0,032

7.10. Cho day cac cha't : Ca(HC03)2 , N H 4 C I , (NH4)2S04, ZnS04 , A1(0H)3,

NaHS,

X2+Y

X , + CO2

^ X + Y , + H2O

X 2 + 2 Y - > X + Y2 + 2 H 2 0
Hai muO'i X , Y tuong ling la
A. BaCOj , NajCOs,

B. CaC03, NaHS04.

C. MgC03, NaHCOj.

D. CaC03, NaHCOj.
^7


7.21. Trucrng hgp khong xay ra phan ung hoa hoc la

7.17. C"ho cac phan ling sau:
4Ha+Mn02

MnCl2 + CI2 + 2 H 2 O .

B. FeCl2 + H2S

2HC1 + Fe -> F e d 2 + H 2 2KC1 + 2CrCl3 + 3 CI2 + 7 H2O .

14HC1 + K2C.2O7

A. 3 O 2 + 2 H 2 S —--^>- 2H2O +2SO2.
FeS + 2HC1.

C. O2 + 2 K I + H2O ^
D. CI2 + 2NaOH

6HC1 + 2A1 -> 2AICI3 + 3 H 2 .
16HC! + 2KMnO^ -> 2KC1 + 2 M n a 2 + 5 CI2 + 8 H2O
So phan img trong do HCl the hien tinh oxi hoa la
A. 3 phan ung.

B. 4 phan urng.

C. 2 phan ling.

D. I phan umg.

7.18. Cho 2.16 gam M g tac dung vdti dung dich HNO, (du). Sau khi phan
xay ra hoan toan thu duoc 0,896 lit khi NO (d dktc) va dung dich X.

2 K 0 H + I2 + O2 .

NaCl + NaClO + H2O

7.22. Cho day cac cha't: N H 4 a ,(NH4)2S04 , NaCl, M g C l j , FeCl2, AICI3 . So
chat trong day tac dung v6i luong du dung dich Ba(OH)2 tao thanh ket
tiia la
' A. Schaft.

B. 4 chat.

C. 1 cha't.

D. 3 chat.

7.23. Cho day cac cha't: KOH, Ca(N03)2, SO3 , NaHS04, Na2S03, K2SO4 .

Khoi luong muoi khan thu duoc khi lam bay hoi dung dich X la

S6' chat trong day tao thanh ket tua khi phan ung v6i dung dich Baa2 la

A, 8,88 gam.

B. 13,92 gam.

A. 4.

B.6.

C, 6,52 gam.

r). 13.32 gam.

C.3

D. 2.

7.24. Hai kim loai X , Y vacac dung dich mud'i clorua cua chung c6 cac phan

ung hoa hoc sau:

7.19. Cho c :;c phan iJng:
Ca(OH)2 + CI2 - >

CaOCh + H j P

X + 2YC1, - > XCl2 + 2 j C l 2

2H2S I- SO2 -> 3S + 2H2O
2MO.

+2NaOH -> NaNOj + NaNO, + H2O

4KCIO3
O3

Y + XCI2 ^

YCI2+ X

Phat bidu dung la:
A. Ion Y'^^ CO tinh oxi hoa manh hen ion X^"^.

-> K C U 3 K a 0 4

B. K i m loai X khii duoc ion Y^"*".

O2 + O

C. Kim loai X c6 tinh khur manh hon kim loai Y.
So phan ung oxi hoa -

khix

la

A. 5.

B.2.

C.3.

D-4.

7.20. Cho cac phan ling:
(1) O3 + dung dich K I

D. Ion Y-^^ CO tinh oxi hoa manh hon ion X^"^.
7.25. Day gom cac chat viira tan trong dung dich HCl, vira tan trong dung dich
NaOHla
A. NaHCO^, MgO, Ca(HC03)2

B. NaHCO^, ZnO, Mg(0H)2

C. NaHCO,, Ca(HC03)2, AI2O,

D. MgCOH)., A\^0„ Ca(HCO,)2

7.26. l l i i nghiem nao sau day c6 ket tua sau phan ling?

(2) F2 + H2O

— ^

A. Cho dung dich NaOH den du vao dung dich CrCNO,),.

(3) Mn02 + HCl dac
— >
(4) CI2 + dung dich HjS

B.

Cho

dung

dich

HCl den

du vao

Cac phan ling tao ra don cha't la

C. Thoi CO2 den du vao dung dich Ca(0H)2.

dung

dich

NaA102

(hoac

Na[Al(OH)4]).

A.ri),(2),(3).

B.(l),(3),(4).

C. (2),(3),(4).

D.(l),(2),(4).

D. Cho dung dich NH^ de'n dir vao dung dich AlCl,.
. 39


Thtfc hiftn cdc thi nghiem sau:
(I) Cho dung djch NaCl vao dung dich KOH.
(II) Cho dung dich NajCO, vko dung dich Ca(OH)2.
( n i ) D'itn phan dung dich NaCl vdi dien cue tro, c6 mang ngan.
( I V ) Cho Cu (OH)2 vao dung dich NaNO,.
(V) Sue khi NH3 vao dung dich NajCO,.
(VI) Cho dung dich Na2S04 vao dung dieh Ba (0H)2.
Cac thi nghiem A6u diiu che' duoc NaOH la
A. I , I I va I I I
B. I I , V va V I
C. I I , I I I va V I
D. I , I V va V

7.28. Khi nhiet phan hoan toan tumg mu6'i X, Y thi deu tao ra s6' mol khi nho
hon s6' mol mu6'i tuong ling. D6i m6t lucmg nho tinh th^ Y trfin den khi
kh6ng mau, tha'y ngon lira c6 mau vang. Hai mu6'i X, Y iSn luot la

cac phan iJng d^u c6 cung m6t phuong trinh ion rdt gon \k

7.27.

A. CaCO,, NaNO,
B. KMn04, NaNO,
C. Cu(N03)2, NaNO,
D. NaNO,, K N O ,
1.19. Cho dung dich chiia 6,03 gam h6n hop hai mu6'i NaX va NaY (X, Y Ih. hai
nguyen t6' c6 trong tu nhien, cr hai chu k i lien tie'p thu6c nhom V I I A , s6'
hiftu nguyen tur Zx < Zy) vao dung dich A g N O , (du), thu diroc 8,61 gam
kft't tua. PHn tram kh6'i lugng ciia NaX trong h6n hop ban dSu la
A. 52,8%
B. 58,2%
C.47,2%
D.41,8%
7.30.

7.32.

7.33.

7.34.

S6 thi nghiem xay ra phan ling hoa hoc la

A.3

B.4

C. 1

D. 2

>•

(4) H2S04 + BaS03

>

7.35.

C. N 2 O v^ A l

D. NO va M g

Ne'u cho 1 mol m6i chat: CaOClj, KMn04, K2Cr207, M n 0 2 l^n luot phan
B.KMn04
-

D.MnOj

Cho phuong trinh hoa hoc :

A. 23x-9y

B.45x-18y

C. 13x-9y

D.46x-18y

Trucmg hop nho sau day khong xay ra phan ling hod hoc?
A. Sue khi HjS vao dung dieh FeCIj.
B. Cho Fe vao dung dich H2SO4 loang, ngudi.
D. Sue khi Clj vko dung dich F e C l 2 .

7.36.

7.37.

Cho bd'n h 6 n hop, m 6 i h 6 n hop g 6 m hai eha't ran c6 s6' mol bang nhau:
NajO va A I 2 O , ; Cu va FeCl,; B a C l 2 va C U S O 4 ; Ba va NaHCO,. S6 h 6 n hop
CO th^ tan hoan toan trong nu6e (du) ehi tao ra dung dieh la
A. 1

B. 2

C.4

D.3

Thuc hien cac thi nghiem sau:
(I) Sue khi SO2 vko dung dieh KMn04.
(II) Sue khi SO2 vao dung dich H^S.
(III) Sue h 6 n hcjp khi NO2 vk O2 vko nude.

(IV) Cho Mn02 vao dung djch HCl dac, n6ng.

(5)(NH4)2S04+Ba(OH)2
(6)Fe2(S04)3 + Ba(N03)2

B. N O 2 va A l

Sau khi can bang phuong trinh hoa hoc v6i he s6' eiia e^c eha't Ik nhutig s6'
nguyen t6', t6'i gian thi he s6' cua H N O , la

Cho c^c phan utig hoa hoe sau:

(3) Na2S04 + BaCl2

A. N 2 O \h Fe

C. Sue khi H2S vao dung dich CuClj.

(IV) Nhiing la nh6m vao dung dieh H2SO4 dac, ngudi.

>

Cho 3,024 gam m6t kim loai M tan he't trong dung dich H N O , loang, thu
duoc 940,8 m l khi N,Oy (san ph^m khir duy nha't. 6 dkte) c6 t i kh6'i dd'i
vdri H2 bang 22. Khi N,Oy va kim loai M la

Fe,04 + H N O , - ) . Fe(NO,), + N.O^ + H 2 O

( i l l ) Sue khi C O 2 vao nude Gia-ven.

(2) C U S O 4 + Ba(N03 )2

D. (3), (4), (5), (6)

C.K2Cr207

(II) Sue khi SO2 vao nudfc brom.

>

C. (2), (3), (4), (6)

A.CaOClj

C 6 cac thi nghiem sau:

(1) (NH4)2S04 + BaCl2

B.(l),(3),(5),(6)

ling voi luong du dung djch HCl dac, eha't tao ra luong khi CI2 nhi^u nha't \h

(I) Nhiing thanh sat vao dung dieh H2SO4 loang, ngudi.

7.31.

A.(l),(2).(3),(6)

(V) Cho FcjO, vao dung dich H2SO4 dac, n 6 n g .
>

(VI) Cho S i 0 2 vko dung djch HF.

41


7.44. Khir hoan loan m gain oxit M.O^ cAn vita du 17,92 lit khi CO (dktc), thu
dugc a gam kim loai M . Hoa tan het a gam M bang dung dich H2SO4 dac
nong (du), thu dugc 20,16 lit khi SO^ (san phdm khiJ duy nha't, d dktc).
Oxit M,Oy la

So thi nghiem c6 phan irng oxi hoa - khur xay ra 1&
A. 4.
B. 3.
C.6.
7.38. Phat bieu khong diing la:

D. 5.

A. K i m cuang, than chi, fuleren la cac dang ihu hmh cua cacbon.
B. Hidro sunfua bi oxi hoa bai nude clo d nhift dO thircmg.

'

C. Tat ca cac nguyen t6 halogen d^u c6 cac s6 oxi hoa: - 1 , + 1 , +3, +5 va
+7 trong cdc hop chat.

,

B. 42,25%.

C. 39,76%.

D. 45,75%.

C. CFjClj bi cam sir dung do khi thai ra khi quyen thi pha hiiy tdng ozon.
D. Trong phong ihi nghiem, N2 dugc di6u che' bang each dun nong dung
dich NH4NO2 bao hoa.

7.40. Co cac phat bieu sau:

7.47. Co 4 dung dich rieng biet: CUSO4, ZnClj, FeCl,, AgNO,. Nhung vao m6i
dung dich m6t thanh Ni. So trudng hgp xuat hien an mon dien hoa la

(3) Bdt nh6m l u boc chay khi tiep xiic vdi khi clo.

A . 1.

B.4.

(4) Phen chua C O cong tliiic la Na2S04.Al2(S04)v24H20.

C. 3.

D.2.

7.48.

Chosod6chuyenhoii:

A.(l),(3),(4).

B. (2), (3), (4).

P2O,

C.(l).(2),(3).

D.(l),(2),(4).

Cac chat X, Y , Z Idn lum la:

7.41. H6n hop khi X g6m Nj va Hj c6 ti kli6T so vdi He bang 1,8, Dun nong X m6t
thoi gian trong binh kin (c6 bdt Fe lam xiic tac), thu duoc h6n hop khi Y co ti
khoi so vdi He bang 2. Hieu suat cua phan utig tdng hop N H , la
A. 50%.

B.40%.

C. 36%.

D. 25%.

7.42. Cho cac chat: NaHCO,, CO, Al(OH),. FeCOH),, HP, Cl^, NH4GI. S6' cha't
tac dung dugc voi dung djch NaOH loango nhiet do thircmg la
,
A. 3.

B. 5.

C.6.

D.4.

'

'

7.43. Phuong phap de loai bo tap chat HCl co iSn trong khf HjS la: Cho h6n hop
khi loi tir lir qua mot lugng du'dung dich

42

A . 48,52%.

B. Dam chay magie co the dugc dap tit bang cat kho.

D. K i m loai magie c6 kie'u mang tinh th6' lap phirong tarn dien.

Cac phat bieu dung la

mu6'i canxi

A. Dung dich dam dac cua Na2SiO,va K2Si03dugc ggi la thuy tinh long.

C. Theo chieu tang dan cua dien tich hat nhan, cac kim loai kiem tho (tCr
beri den bari) c6 nhiet dd nong chay giam dan.

(2) Ion Fe''^ c6 ca'u hinh electron viqt gon la [Ar]3d\

D. CrO.

7.46. Phat bid'u nao sau day khong diing?

.

(1) Liai huynh, photpho deu boc chay khi tiep xiic v6i CrOy

C. Fe304.

Do dinh duomg ciia loai phan lan nay la

7.39. Phat bleu nao sau day dung?
B. K i m loai xesi duoc diang de che tao te' bao quang difin. ,

B.FeO.

7.45. Mot loiii phan supepholphal kep c6 chira 69,62%
dihidrophotphat, con lai gom cac chat kh6ng chiia photpho.

D. Trong c6ng nghiep, photpho dugc san xua't bang each nung h6n hop
quang photphorit, cat va than co'c d 1200"C trong 16 dien.
A. Cac kim loai: natri, bari, beri deu tac dung vdi nirorc a nhietd^ thucmg.

A.Cr203.

^Koii ^ X

>Y —

Z

.

A . K3PO4, K2HPO4, KH2PO4.

B. KH2PO4, K2HPO4, K3PO4.

C. K,P04, KH2PO4, K2HPO4.

D. KH2PO4, K3PO4, K2HPO4.

7.49. Dot chay hoan toan m gam FeS, bang mot lugng Oj vira du, thu dugc khf
X. Ha'p thu het X vao I h't dung dich chiia Ba(0H)2 0,15M va K O H 0,1M,
thu dugc dung dich Y va 21,7 gam ket tCia. Cho Y vao dung dich NaOH,
thay xua't hien them ke't tua. Gia tri ciia m la
A . 23,2.

B. 12,6.

C. 18,0.

D.24,0.

7.50. Cho cac dung dich loang: (1) FeCl,, (2) FeCl2, (3) H2SO4, (4) HNO,,
(5) h6n hgp gom HCl va NaNO,. Nhung dung dich phan ung dugc vdi
kim loai Cu Ik

A. Pb(NO02.

B.NaHS.

A.(l),(3),(4).

B.(I),(4),(5).

CAgNO,.

D. iNaOH.

C.(l),(2),(3).

D.(l),(3),(5).


"7.51. Cho a gam Fe vao 100 ml dung dich h6n hap g6m HNO;, 0,8M va
Cu(NOi)2 IM- Sau khi cdc phan irng xay ra hoan loan, thu duac 0,92a

g.4.

+5

Cho 4,48 lit h6n hap X (cf dktc) gdm 2 hidrocacbon mach h6 16i tijr tCr qua
binh chu-a 1,4 lit dung dich Bfj 0,5M. Sau khi phan ling hoan toan, s6' mol
Brj giam di m6t nua va kh6'i luomg bmh tang them 6,7 gam. C6ng thiic
phan tu ciia 2 hidrocacbon la

gam h6n hap kim loai va khi NO (san pham kh& duy nha't cua N).
Gia tri cua a \h
A. 11,2.

• A. C2H2 va C4H6 .

B. 11,0.

C. 5,6.
D. 8,4.
7.52. Cho 9,125 gam mu6'i hidrocacbonat phan \ing hfi't v6i dung djch HjSO^
(du), thu diroc dung dich chiia 7,5 gam niu6'i sunfat trung hoa.

•

8.5.

C6ng thurc cua mu6'i hidrocacbonat la
A. Mg(HC03)2.

B. NaHCO,.

C. Ca(HCO,)2.

D. Ba(HCO,)2-

7.53. Cho sa d6 chuyd'n hoa sau:
CaO

> CaCl;

8.6.
>Ca(NO02

> CaCO,.

C6ng thiic ciia X, Y , Z l^n luat la
A. HCl, HNO„ Na2COv

B. HCl, AgNO,, (NH4)2COv

C. CI2, AgNO,, MgCOv

D. CI2, HNO„ CO^.

8. DAI CUONG HOA HOC HUU CO, HIDROCACBON
8.1.

8.3.

44

D. C2H2 va C3H8 .

Ba hidrocacbon X, Y, Z ke' tie'p nhau trong day d6ng dang, trong d6 kh6'i
luong phan tu Z ga'p d6i kh6'i luong phan tir X. D6't chay 0,1 mol chat Y ,
san ph^m khi ha'p thu hoan toan vao dung dich Ca(OH)2 (du), thu duac s6'
gam ket tiia la
A.20
B. 40
C.30
D. 10
H6n hap g6m hidrocacbon X va oxi c6 ti 16 s6' mol tuong ung la 1 : 10.

D6't chay hoan toan h6n hop trfin thu duoc h6n hap khi Y . Cho Y qua
dung dich H2SO4 dac, thu dugc h6n hop khi Z c6 ti kh6'i d6'i vdfi hidro
bang 19. C6ng thiic phan tii cua X la (Cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16)
A. C3H8

B. C3H6

C. C4H8

D. C3H4

A. dung dich phenolphtalein.

B. nude brom.

Dun nong h6n hop khi g6m 0,06 mol CjHj va 0,04 mol H2 vdi xuc tac Ni.
sau m6t thdi gian thu dugc h6n hgp khi Y . DSn toan b6 h6n hgp Y I6i tir
tir qua binh dung dung dich brom (du) thi con lai 0,448 lit h6n hgp khi Z
(6 dktc) CO ti khO'i so vdi oxi la 0,5.
Khoi lugng binh dung dich brom tang la
A. 1,20 gam.
B. 1,04 gam.
C. 1,64 gam.
D. 1,30 gam.
Din 1,68 lit h6n hgp khi X g6m hai hidrocacbon vao binh dung dung dich
brom (du). Sau khi phan ling xay ra hoan to^n, c6 4 gam brom da phan
litig va con lai 1,12 lit khi.
Ne'n dot chay hoan toan 1,68 lit X thi sinh ra 2,8 lit khi CO2.
C6ng thiic phan tir ciia hai hidrocacbon la (bifi't cac th^ tich khi d^u do d dktc)

C. gia'y quy tim.

D. dung dich NaOH.

A. CH4 va C2H4.

D5n V lit (or dktc) h6n hap X g6m axetilen va hidro di qua 6'ng sii dung
b6t niken nung nong, thu duac khi Y. Din Y vao lugng du AgNO, (hoac
AgjO) trong dung dich NH, thu ducfc 12 gam ke't tua. Khi ra khoi dung
dich phan ling vira dii \6i 16 gam brom va con lai khi Z. D6't chay ho^n
toan khi Z thu dugc 2,24 lit khi CO2 (6 dktc) va 4,5 gam nude.

8.7.

Gia tri ciia V bang

8.2.

C. C3H4 va C 4 H 8 .

B. C2H2 va C 4 H 8 .

A. 11,2.

B. 13,44.

C. 5,60.

D. 8,96.

8.8.

Co 3 cha't long benzen, anilin, stiren, dung rieng biet trong lo mat nhan.
Thu6'c thir di phan biet 3 chat long trSn la

C. CH4 va C,Hs.
D. QHfi va CH^.
Hidrocacbon mach hor X' trong phan tir chi chda liSn ket a va c6 hai nguyftn
tCr cacbon bac ba trong m6t phan tu. D6't chay hoan toan 1 the' tich X sinh ra

Khi brom hoa m6t ankan chi thu duoc mdt dSn xua't monobrom duy nha't
CO ti kh6'i hai d6'i v6i hidro la 75,5. TSn ciia ankan do Ih
A, 2,2,3-trimetylpentan.

B. 2,2-dimetylpropan.

C. 3,3-dimetylhexan.

D. isopentan.

B. CH4 va C,H4.

6 the' tich CO2 (d cung di^u kien nhiet d6. ap sua't). Khi cho X tac dung vdi
CI2 (theo ti le s6' mol 1: 1), s6' dan xua't monoclo td'i da sinh ra la
^

A. 3 din xua't.

B. 4 din xua't.

C. 2 dan xua't.

D. SdSnxua't.


C. 0,l.mol C2H4 va 0,2 mol CjHzD. 0,2 mol QHfi va 0,1 mol C3H4.

8.10. Dot chay hoan toan h6n hop M g6m 1 ankan X va ni6t ankin Y , thu dugc
s6' mol CO2 bang s6' mol

.

Thanh phan ph;tn tram ve so mol ciia X va Y trong h6n hop M Ian luot la
A. 75% va 25%.

B. 20% va 80%.

C. 35% va 65%.

D. 50% va 50%.

8.11. Dot chay hoan toan mot hidrocacbon X thu dugc 0,11 mol COj va 0,132
mol H 2 O . Khi X tac dung v6i khi clo (theo ti le s6' mol 1 : 1) thu dugc mo\
san pham hiJu co duy nhat.
Ttn goi cua X la
A. 2-metylbutan.

B. 2-metylpropan.

C. 2,2-dimetylpropan.

D. etan.

8.12. H6n hop khi X gom 0,3 mol
va 0,1 mol vinylaxetilen. Nung X mot
th&i gian \di xiic tac N i thu dirge h6n hgp khi Y c6 ti kh6'i so vofi kh6n<.'
khi la 1. Neu cho toan bg Y sue tCr tCr vao dung dich brom (du) thi eo n,
gam brom tham gia phan ung. Gia tri cua m la
A. 16.0

B. 3,2

C. 8,0

D. 32,0

8.13. Cho h6n hgp X g6m CH4, C2H4 va C H ^ . Lay 8,6 gam X tae dung h€t voi
dung dich brom (du) thi khoi lugng brom phan ung la 48 gam. Mat khac;
neu cho 13,44 lit (d dktc) h6n hgp khi X tac dung v6[ lirgng du dung die!-.
AgNOp, trong N H , , thu dugc 36 gam ket tua.
Phin tram thi tich cua CH4 c6 trong X la

8.16. Dun nong hdn hgp khi X gdm 0,02 mol Q H ^ va 0,03 mol H2 trong mdt
binh kin (xuc tac Ni), thu dugc hdn hgp khi Y. Cho Y Igi ti^ ti^ vao binh
nude brom (du), sau khi ket thiic cac phan ung, khdi lugng binh tang m
gam va cd 280 ml hdn hgp khi Z (dktc) thoat ra. T i khdi cua Z so vdi H2
la 10,08. Gia tri cua m la
A. 0,328.

B. 0,620.

C. 0,585.

D. 0,205.

8.17. Ddt chay hoan toan mdt lugng hidrocacbon X. Ha'p thu toan b6 san pham
>
chay vao dung dich Ba(OH)2 (du) tao ra 29,55 gam ket tiia, dung dich sau
phan img cd khdi lugng giam 19,35 gam so vdi dung dich Ba(OH)2 ban
dSu. Cdng thiJc phan tir ciia X la
A. C2H,,

B. Q H , .

C. C,H,.

D. C,H4.

8.18. Hdn hgp khi X gdm mdt ankan va mdt anken. T i ktidi cua X .so vdi H2
bang 11,25: Ddt chay hoan toan 4,48 lit X , thu dugc 6,72 lit CO2 (cac the
tich khi do drdktc). Cdng thiJc cua ankan va anken Mn lugt la
A.CH4vaC2H4.

B. C2H« va C2H4.

CCH4vaC3H,.

D.CH4vaC4H«.

8.19. Dot chay hoan toan 6,72 lit (dktc) hdn hgp gdm hai hidrocacbon X va Y

( M Y ' > M X ) , thu dugc 11,2 1ft khi CO2 (dktc) va 10,8 gam HjO.

A. 20%

B. 50%

Cdng thiic ciia X la

C. 25%

D. 40%

A.cyi,.

B.CH4.

C. C2H4.

D. C2H2.

8.14. H6n hgp khi X gom
va mot anken c6 kha nang cgng HBr cho san
pham hiru co duy riha't. T i khdi ciia X so vcfi H 2 bang 9,1. Dun nong X cv
xiic tac N i , sau khi phan ung xay ra hoan loan, thu dirge h6n hgp khi \
khong lam mat mau nude brom; ti khdi cua Y so v6\j bang 13. COnji
thurc ca'u tao cua anken la
A. C H 3 - C H = C H - C H 3

thu dugc hdn hgp Y chi cd hai hidrocacbon. Cdng ihiirc phan tiir ciia X la
A.C2H2.

B.CJI,.

C,C,H4.

D.C4Hfi.

B. C H 2 = C H 2

C.CH2=C(CH3)2

D.CH2=CH-CH2-CH3

8.15. H6n hgp khi X g6m anken M va ankin N co cung s5' nguyen tCr cacbon
trong phan tu. H6n hgp X co khdi lugng 12,4 gam va the tich 6,72 lit ( i
dktc). Sd mol, cdng thirc phan tis cQa M va N Mn lugt la
A. 0,1 mol QHfi va 0,2 mol QH4.
B. 0,2 mol C2H4 va 0,1 mol

8.20. Cho 3,12 gam ankin X phan ung vdi 0,1 m o l H . (xiic tac Pd/PbCO„ t"),

QHj.

9. D A N XUAT H A L O G E N , ANCOL, PHENOL
9.1.

Ddt chay hoan toan mdt ancol X thu dugc COj va HjO cd ti le sd mol
tuong ling la 3 : 4. The tich khi oxi can dung de ddt chay X bang 1,5 Ian
the tich khf CO2 thu dugc (d cung di6u kien).
Cdng thuc phan tir ciia X la

A . C3H8O3.

B. C 3 H 4 O .

j

C. C3H8O2.

D. C 3 H 8 O .

;


9.2.

9.3.

Co bao nhieu ancol bac 2, no, dcm chiic, mach ha
d6ng phan ca'u tao
cua nhau m^ phan tir cua chiing c6 phdn trSm khd'i luong cacbon bang
68,18%?
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4
D. 5.
X la m6t ancol no, mach h6. D6't chay ho^n to^n 0,05 mol X cin 5,6 gam
oxi, thu dugc hcri nirdrc
6,6 gam CO2.
C6ng thurc cua X la
A. C,H,(OH).v

B. Q H 7 O H .
C. C,H«(0H)2.

9.4.

D. QH4(OH)2.

Cho m gam ancol no, dcm chtic X qua binh dung CuO (du), nung nong.
Sau khi phan urng hoan toan, kh6'i lugng chat rSn trong blnh giam 0,32
gam. H6n hgp hai thu dugc c6 ti kh6'i d6'i vdrl hidro \k 15,5.
Gii tri cua m Ik

9.5.

9.6.

B. 0,92.

C. 0,32.

D. 0,46.

Hieu sua't cua phan img oxi hoa CH3OH la
A. 76,6%.
B. 80,0%.
C. 65,5%.
D. 70,4%.
9.10. Dun nong mot (aticol) dan chiic X v6i dung dich H2SO4 dac trong dieu
kien nhiet do thich hgp sinh ra chat huu ca Y, ti khoi hai ciia X so vdi Y
la 1,6428. Cong thi'rc phan tir ciia X la

A. C,H,0.

B. C,H,0.

C.CH4O.

D. C4H,0.

ke' tie'p cOa nhau, thu dugc 0,3 mol CO2 va 0,425 mol H2O . Niai khac,
cho 0,25 mol h6n hgp M tac dung vdi Na (du), thu dugc chua den

Cho 15,6 gam h6n hgp hai ancol dan chiic, kfi" tie'p nhau trong day d6ng
dang tac dung h6't vdri 9,2 gam Na, thu dugc 24,5 gam cha't ran. Hai ancol
do la

0,15 mol H 2 .

A. C3H5OH va C4H7OH.

B. C2H5OH vk C3H7OH.

A. C2H6O2 , C3H8O2 .

B. C2H6O , CH4O.

C. C3H7OH \k C4H9OH.

D. CH3OH va C2H5OH.

C. C3H6O, C4Hi50.

D. C2H6O , CjH^O .

Khi tach nude tiir m6t chat X c6 c6ng thiJc phan tijr C4H,(,0 tao th&nh ba
anken la d6ng phan ciia nhau (tinh ca d6ng phan hinh hoc).

A. ( C H 3 ) 3 C O H

B. C H 3 C X : H 2 C H 2 C H 3

C. C H 3 C H ( O H ) C H 2 C H 3

D.

CH3CH(CH3)CH20H

Cho m gam h6n hgp X g6m hai ancol no, dan chiic, kft' tie'p nhau trong
day d6ng dang tac dung vdi CuO (du) nung n6ng, thu dugc h6n hgp rftn
Z va m6t h6n hgp hai Y (c6 ti kh6'i hai so vdi Hj IS 13.75). Cho toan bd
Y phan umg \di md{ lUgng du AgzO (hoac AgNO,) trong dung djch N H ,
dun nong, sinh ra 64,8 gam Ag.
Gia tri ciia m \k

9.8.

Oxi hoa 1,2 gam CH.OH bang CuO nung nong, sau mot ihdi ^,'^11 thu
dugc h6n hgp san pham X (gom IICHO, H^O va C H , 0 ' I du). Cho lukn b6
X tac dung vdi lugng du A g P (hoac AgNO,) trong dung dich Nri,, dugc
12,96 gam Ag.

9.11. Dot chay hoan toan h6n hgp M g6m hai (ancol) X va Y la d6ng dang

A. 0,64.

C6ng thirc ca'u tao thu gon cua X la

9.7.

C. 3-metylbuten-2 (hay 3-metylbut-2-en).
D. 3-mctylbuten-l (hay 3-metylbut-l-en).

A. 9,2.

B. 7,8.

C. 7,4.

D. 8,8.

Khi tach nude tCr ancol 3-metylbutanol-2 (hay 3-metylbutan-2-ol), san
ph^m chinh thu dugc la
A. 3-metylbuten-3 (hay 2-metylbut-3-en).
B. 2-metylbuten-2 (hay 2-metylbut-2-en).

Cong thirc phAn tu ciia X va Y la

9.12. Dot chay hoan toan mot ancol da chiic, mach hd X , thu dugc H2O va
CO2 vdi ti le s6 mol tuang ung la 3 : 2. Cong thiic phan tu ciia X la
A. C2H6O2 .

B. C2H6O .

CC3HSO2.

D. C4H,o02.

9.13. Oxi hoa m gam ctanol thu dugc h6n hgp X gom axetandehit, axit axetj.-,
nude va etyno! ('ir. Cho toan bg X tac dung vdi dung dich NaHCO, (du)
thu dugc 0,56 lit khi COj (d dktc). Khdi lugng etanol da bi oxi hoa tao ra
axit la
A. 1,15 gam

B. 4,60 gam

C. 2.30 gam

D. 5,75 gam

9.14. Dun nong hdn hgp hai ancol dan chiJc, mach hd vdi H2SO4 dac, thu Jugc
hdn hgp gom cac etc. Lay 7,2 gam mot trong cac etc do dem dot chay
hoan toan, thu dugc 8,96 lit khi CO2 (d dktc) va 7,2 gam HjO.
Hai ancol do la
A. CH,0I1 va CH^OH.
B. CjH^OH va CH,OH.