Ứng dụng phổ kế siêu cao tần trong viễn thám hàng không xây dựng bản đồ độ ẩm đất

Tieu ban: Cong nghe thong tin - Tir dong hod - Cong nghe I'u tru

ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6

tTNG DUNG PHO KE SIEU CAO T A N TRONG VIEN THAM HANG
KHONG XAY DlTNG BAN DO DO A M D A T
Doan Minh Chung, Vo Thj Lan Anh, Vii Trung Kien,
Phung Diic Thuong, Bui Huy, Ngo Tuan Ngoc*
Vien Cdng nghe Vii try
18 Hoang Qudc Viet. Cau Giay, Ha Ndi
Email:
Tom tat
Trong 10 ndm (2000-2010) hgp tdc khgg hoc cdng nghe vdi Vien Dien td - Vien
HLKH Bunggri. cdc cdn bd ihudc Vien Vdt Ly, ngy chuyen sang Vien Cdng nghe vit
tru, dd chi tgg thdnh cdng 3 he phd ke sieu ccio tdn bdng L (I.4GLIz). C (3.5GHz)
vd X (10.95GHz) vd irng dung chimg trgng dieu trg vd nghien ciru mdi trudng nhu
dd dm ddt. sinh khdi thuc vdt, do man mrdc bien. Cdc ket qua dd dugc bdo cdo tgi
nhieu hdi nghi trong vd ngodi nude vd ddng tren cdc tgp ehi chuyen ngdnh.
Trong 2 ndm 2007-2008, thuc hien di tdi cdp Vien KHCNVN 'Nghien ciru tich
hgp mdy thu GPS vdi he phd ke sieu ego tdn vd irng dung thir nghiem phuang
phcip vien thdm hdng khdng xdy dung bgn dd do dm ddt vimg ddng bdng trung du
Bdc bd", nhdm cdn bd nghien ciru Vien Cdng nghe vit tru dd ldp ddt 2 he phd ke
(bdng L&C) len mdy bay true thdng, bay doc theo 2 viing ddt thugc huyen Ba Vi
vd Gia Ldm. Hd Not de thu phd birc xg tu nhien eug ddng lug. tir dd xdy dung bdn
dd dd dm ddt. Sd lieu do dd dugc phdn tich, tinh todn vd bdn dd hod do dm ddt
lap be mat. sgu khi hieu chinh dnh huang eug lap thdm thuc vcit Id ddng liia. Ket
qud cua de tdi dd khai thde irng dung cua vien thdm hdng khdng ddi vdi cdc ddi
tugng tu nhien ed dien tich lan vd ddng nhdt (nhu rirng, ddng lua, bien).
Abstract
In ten years (2000-2010) of scientific and technological cooperation with the
Institute of Electronics - Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, the seiendsts of the

Institute of Physics, ngw nwved lo the Space Technolog}' Institute (STI) of VAST
ha\'e successfully manufactured 3 microwave radiometers (MW RDMs) with L
(1.4GHz). C (3.5GHz), L-band (I0.95GHz) and their investigations for environment
research and monitoring such as soil moisture, vegetation water content, sea
surface sglinity. The studied results hcive been reported at mony national and
international conferences as well as published in specific research journals.
In t^vo years 2007-2008, implementing the VAST's research project "Research
and integration of GPS receiver with the MW RDMs and trial application of the
aerial remote sensing method to establish the soill moisture map for the North
Vietnam middle high basins ", the scientist group of STI have hung the L&C-band
RDMs to the helicopter, to fly along the rice fields ofBa Vi and Gia Lam, Ha Noi
region to capture the MW emission of the rice fields, through thgt tg establi.sh the
soil moisture map of the observed fields after correction of the rice cover
influence. The successive results of the project have investigated the aerial remote
sensing apllieation for the natural objects homogenous stretch over a large area
like forest, rice field and sea suifaee.
30


Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky niem 35 ndm I'ien Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10 2010

I. Gioi thieu chung
Van de quan ly nguon nude trong ndng nghiep cd the dugc eai thien kip thdi thdng qua \'iee
theo ddi do am dit. Tuy nhien. cac phep do truyen thdng da trd nen khdng thuc tl khi dp am
dat bien ddng kha lan ve ca thdi gian \'a khdng gian, viec giam sat do am dat can dugc tiln
hanh d dien rdng, hoac d viing xa xdi. hiem trd ma con ngudi khd den dugc.Vi vay, cdng
nghe vien tham da va dang dugc img dyng rdng rai trong danh gia va giam sat do am dat.
Cac nghien ciiu trudc day da cho thay mdt sd sensor cam img cd the dugc dimg de xac dinh
do am dat be mat [1,4,6]. Cac he phd ke sieu cao tan dugc cho la thich hgp trong viec xac
dinh do am dat \'i tinh dn dinh cao. su dung dugc trong cac trudng hgp gan tren ve tinh. may

bay, tram mat dat va khdng phu thude \'ao may, ngay/dem.
Tir nam 2002 - 2006. nhdm chuyen gia thude Vien Vat Ly, sau chuyin vl Vien Cdng nghe
vu try da hgp tac vdi Vien Dien tir, Vien HLKH Bungari ehl tao thanh cdng 2 he phd kl sieu
cao tan bang L & C, da hgp tac vdi nhieu co quan nhu Vien Dia ly, Vien Vat Ly thude Vien
KHCNVN, Vien KH Khi tugng Thuy \'an \'a Mdi trudng, v.v. nghien cim do im dit bing cac
phd ke sieu cao tan, dat ket qua kha quan (Hinli 1).

Hinh I. Anh chup he phd ke bdng L & C do do dm sinh khdi ddng ngd vd nhiet do mdt bien
Bai viet nay md ta tdm tat phuang phap va cac kit qua dat dugc ciia dl tai eip Vien
KHCNVN nam 2007-2008 "Nghien ciiu tich hop may thu tin hieu GPS voi he pho ke sieu
cao tan va iing dung thu nghiem vien tham hang khong xay dyng ban do do im dat
vimg dong bang Trung du Bac bo", do Vien Cdng nghe vii try chu tri thyc hien.
Myc tieu ciia de tai la tien hanh do do phat xa ty nhien eiia dit va ldp phii thuc vat (liia, cd)
bang cac phd ke sieu eao tan (bang L & C ) dugc lip dat tren may bay, kit hgp vdi cac phep
do thyc dia m§t dat, tir dd xay dung ban dd do im dit viing nghien ciin nhim theo ddi biln
ddng do am dat theo thdi gian va khdng gian, phyc vy giam sat, quan ly tai nguyen nude va
mdi trudng.
II. Phuong phap thuc nghiem
2.1. Gidi thieu chung:
Vdi myc dich la danh gia do im dit bing phuong phap vien tham SCT thy ddng va sy biln
ddng ciia do am dat tren mdt viing rdng Idn giiia miia khd (thang 11-12) va miia mua (thang 56). tren mdt viing dat kha rdng, cd dac trung biln ddng Idn vl do im dit \'a cd gia tri kinh tl vl
cay cdng - ndng nghiep, phuang phap nghien cim dugc lya chgn la Vien thim hang khdng
(Aerial remote sensing, ARS), viing nghien cim dugc lya chgn la viing ddng bing Trung du Bic
bd. cd ddng bang va ddi ddc. lay \iing ndng nghiep trong lua Ba Vi va Gia Lam lim trong tam.
31


Tieu ban: Cong nghe thong tin - Tu dong hod - Cong nghe 1 'u tru

ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6

Tren co sd ghi nhan phd phat xa sieu cao tan. dugc thu bai 2 he phd kl bang L & C treo
tren may bay, ket hgp vdi tin hieu may thu GPS tieh hgp vao chuang trinh thu nhan tu ddng
ciia cac phd ke, chiing ta se ghi dugc phd phat xa sieu cao tin trong thdi gian thuc ciia cac ddi
tugng tir nhien nam trong viing thu ciia anten phd ke klii bay qua. Dya tren phd phat xa thu
dugc, do am dat (thudng bi che phii bdi \&p tham thyc vat) se dugc tinh toan dua theo cac md
hinh ban thuc nghiem va cac phep do thyc dia mat dat. Sau dd tich hgp vdi toa do bay dugc
xac dinh bdi may thu GPS, cac ket qua do am dat dugc gan \ao tga do thuc, tir dd xay dung
thanh ban dd do am dat ciia vimg nghien cim.
Nhdm can bd dl tai da hgp ddng vdi Cdng ty dich vy bay mien Bac (Gia Lam), thyc hien
hcrp ddng ky thuat lip dat cac thilt bi Ien may bay va tien hanh bay. Hgp ddng dugc thyc hien
bay 2 lin vao cac nam 2007-2008 bing may bay tryc thang MI-I7.
Theo hgp ddng, may bay tryc thang bay phyc vy thi nghiem d do cao h ~ 100-150m, bao
dam tranh dugc nhieu tap am tir cac ngudn phat sdng tir mat dat va bao dam do chinh xac cho
phep do. Sai so vl do cao 0.5% khdng gay anh hudng dang ke den ket qua do eiia phd ke sieu
cao tin, nhit la ddi vdi tin sd f < 6 GHz [I]. Gdc md eiia anten phd ke bang L la 30*^, nen vet
(foot print) ciia anten cd dudng kinh d ~ 2.tg(15°).h = (107 - 161)ni ; Ddi vdi phd ke bang C,
gdc md bing 15^, vlt cd dudng kinh dc ~ 2.tg(7.5'').h ~ (52 - 79)m May bay bay cham voi
tdc do khoang V ~ 120 km/h = 33 m/s, nghTa la phd ke cd the lay mau tir 2 - 5 lan trong I vet
do eiia anten (vi phd ke lay mau do Is / lan). Dieu nay bao dam phep do eiia phd ke tren may
bay dap irng dugc do « tinh » cua phd ke. Vdi chieu dai bay dgc theo vimg quan sat khoang L
~ 20,000ni, thi thdi gian bay mdi dudng la t = 20,000/33 ~ 600s = 10 phut, cd thi ghi dugc
600 sd lieu cho mdi dudng bay, dii do chinh xac yeu cau. Theo cac chuyen gia hang khdng,
may bay true thang loai nay se dat do rung thap nliat khi bay d tde do V~120 km/h. Sai sd chii
yeu do sy rung lac ciia may bay lam thay ddi gdc tdi ciia anten. Cd the hieu chinh sai sd nay
bang cac md hinh ban thyc nghiem [4,8,11].
De cung cap cac sd lieu ve loai dat, thanh phan dat, sinh khdi thyc vat, v.v., ddng thdi vdi
qua trinh do tir may bay, mdt nhdm can bd tien hanh do thyc dia mat dat tai cac diem xac dinh
ciia viing nghien cim ma may bay bay qua, va mdt nhdm khac se thu anh ve tinh MODIS de
kiem chirng ket qua do vien tham hang khdng.

2.2. Khu vuc bay do thuc nghiem Ba Vi:
Trong chuyen bay thir nghiem dau tien (nam 2007), phd kl sieu eao tin bang C dugc lip
dat dudi bung ciia may bay tryc thang MI-17, vdi gdc quan sat 9=0" (nadir).
Myc dich ciia thi nghiem:
- Kiem tra dp chinb xac va dn dinh ciia phd kl sieu cao tin bang C khi boat ddng tren may
bay \'di tdng thdi gian bay do la 60 phut.
- Kiem dinh \'a pban ticb do phat xa kliac nhau giira cac ddi tugng: dit trdng, dong lua, cay
cdng nghiep, nha cira, sdng ho.v.v...Phan tieh cac ylu td anh hudng din sd lieu do eiia pho kl
dat tren may bay so vai do dudi mat dit.
- Xac dinli dg phat xa ciia cac ddi tugng mat dit va tham thyc vat trong dien tich do bay, tir dd
tinh toan do am dat \'a do am sinh khdi thirc vat.
- Tdng hgp cac ket qua da dugc xir ly, xay dung ban do do im dit viing nghien ciru.
Sau klii khao sat \'iing bay do, de tai da thong nhit vl quy dao bay, gdm 4 dudng sau:
- Viing bay do thude cac xa La Phii, Hoang Xa, Xuan Son thugc huyen VTnh tbiiy, xa VTnh


Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Not 10 2010

Thinh, tbudc huyen Ba Vi, Ha Ndi, cd khung toa dd dia ly la 105*'28"76"", 21°05"48"" va
105°28'76'',2I°I2'18".
- Dudng bay do theo hudng Ddng - Tay vdi chieu dai mdi dudng la 20km, khoang each
giiia cac dudng bay la 4 km. Tdng sd dudng bay do la 4.
- Tdng dien tich khu vyc bay do khoang 240km".
- Chieu cao bay: 80-lOOm. Van tdc may bay khi do: lOOkm/h
- Do thang bang khi bay do: dn dinh khdng vugt qua: ± 3°.
•4|

19-> 20km

lOS-irss"

^
105-28'76-

>
A

105°17'12"

L05°17'4"

i
105''28'76"

4km

7

t
^

IOS'17'4"

105*2876"

—#-

...........

Cac thiet bi do trong thi nghiem bao gdm:

- 01 phd ke bang C (f = 3.5 - 3.7 GHz, AT < 0.3K), dugc gin tren may bay va dugc dilu
khien ty ddng bang chuang trinh cai dat trudc. Sd lieu do dugc ty ddng thu thap, xir ly, biln
thi phd "on-line" bang chuang trinh phin mim Radiometer 4.0.
- May quay phim, may anh sd de ghi tu lieu anh cac khu vuc may bay bay qua, lam co sd dl
phan tich phd tin hieu do cua phd kl.
- Thiet bi do va lay mau dat, mau liia, ngd.
Sau khi chuan hoa phd kl tai san bay, ghep ndi phd kl va thilt bi thu GPS vdi may tinh xach
tay len may bay de thyc hien viec do dac sd lieu, may bay da cit canh bay din khu vuc do da
dinh san theo toa do.
2.3. Khu vuc Gia ldm, Hd Ngi
Sau chuyen bay do nam 2007, dl tai riit kinh nghiem nam 2008 bay do khu vyc ddng liia
Gia Lam (sat vdi dudng cao tdc di Bic Ninh - Lang Son), vi dong liia d day rdng va thuin
chiing hon. De tai cung h^n che dien tich bay, bay day dac hon dl tang cudng do chinh xac
cho phep do do am dat. D I tai sir dyng 2 phd kl (L&C), tuy nhien trong qua trinh do, phd kl
bang L da bj treo. khdng boat ddng dn dinh, nen chi ed sd lieu ciia bang C.
- Viing bay do tbudc cac xa Phii Ddng, Ninh Hiep, Phii Chin, Trung Miu, Gia Lam, Ha Ndi,
cd khung toa do dia ly la 105°56'34", 21°02"29,7" va I05°59'27", 21^^05'12,5"".
- Hudng bay Ddng - Tay vdi chieu dai moi dudng la 5km, khoang each giira cac dudng
do la 1 km. Tdng sd dudng bay do la 6. Tdng thdi gian bay do la 60 phut.
- Tdng dien tich khu vyc bay do khoang 30 km^.
- Do cao bay do ~ (70-100) m . Van tdc may bay khi do ~ (80-100) km/h
- Do thang bang khi bay do: dn dinh khdng vugt qua: ± 3".
So dd dudng bay do dugc xac dinh nhu sau:

33


ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6

Tieu ban: Cong nghe thong tin - Tie dong hod - Cong nghe ITt tru

A

, 1
2l'OS'12t"

21°04'dO"

^ u m ^

105°S6'34'

^ F ^

21=o:'29 r

21°C|5'1I.S

^^^

105°58'S2"

'

2 2#!t"'

. ailDl^^Tl

Dl xac dinh anh hudng ciia ldp thuc vat din kit qua do do am dat bang phuong phap vien
tham, cin phai xac dinh do im sinh khoi thuc vat bing phuong phap kinh dien.^Cac can bd

VienDia Ly da cit din tan goc cac cay liia trong Im^ dien tich. can tuoi tai chd (sinh khdi
Ly aa car cen lan goc cau *-ay lua uuug im uiyn iiv.ii, •y^^^ -.^^^ -v'
v—-tuoi), sau i
dd mang vl phdng thi nghiem siy klid va can lien tilp din khi khdi lugng ciia 2 lan
say lien tiep
ilp bing nhau (sinh khdi khd). Sy chenh lech khdi lugng giua sinh khdi tuoi va sinh
khdi khd chinh la dd im sinh khdi. Kit qua do dugc the hien trong bang 1.

//;/;/; 2. Ldp ddt phd ke dudi bung mdy bay vd chudn bi cdt cdnh
Bdng 1; Sd lieu do dm sinh khdi ddng lua vimg Gia Ldm
Sinh khoi kho
Sin 1 khoi tuoi
TT
Kg/ha Kg/m'
g/0.25m'
Kg/ha
g/0.25m-'
Kg/m'
44056.4
1101.41
0.82
8178
SGLl
4.41
204.45
20740.4
2.07
0.42
4173.2
104.33

518.51
SGL2
8249.8
0.82
206.25
0.14
SGL3
1379.3
34.48
SGL4
35472.4
3.55
886.81
7449.2
186.23
0.74
28694
2.87
717.35
SGL5
143.47
0.57
5738.8

Do am sinh khoi
Kg/m'
3.59
1.66
0.69
2.80

2.30

Vdi cac tham sd thu dugc tir cac bang 1, ap dung cac md hinh ban thyc nghiem ciia
T.J.Jackson & T.J. Schmugge [7] va md hinh Wang - Schmugge [10], se hieu chinh dugc anh
hucmg ciia ldp thuc vat va xac dinh dugc do am ldp dit phia dudi.
Hinh 3 md ta so dd khdi tinh toan do am dit tir phd gia tri do ciia phd ke bang C dat tren
may bay. vdi sy hieu chinh anh hudng ciia ldp phii thyc vat (liia, ngd, cd).
Hinh 4 md ta giao dien ciia phan mem Radiometer 4.0 ty ddng thu nhap sd lieu do eiia phd
ke, tinh toan \a hien tbi on-line cac thdng sd mdi trudng quan tam (do am dat, sinh khdi thyc
vat, V.V.). do cac tac gia ciia de tai xay dung nam 2007 [12].
34


Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Not 10 2010

HI. Xu ly so lieu do vien tham hang khong xac djnh do am dat
Trudc khi tien hanh thi nghiem bay do, can chuan hda cac phd ke tai mat dat, hieu chinh \'a
ddng bg thdi gian thue eiia cac thiet bi nhu phd ke, may tinh, may thu GPS. may anh, camera,
ddng hd thdi gian. Viec nay rat quan trgng cho qua trinh phan loai ddi tugng va xir ly so lieu.
Phan loai cac ddi tugng tren mat dat la budc quan trgng dau tien de nhan dang dung phd tin
hieu thu dugc tir tren may bay \'a ap dyng cac sd lieu thu dua chiing vao cac md hinb tinh toan
(Fresnel, Wang - Schmugge...), tir dd tinh ra do am dat.
Hiiih 5 la phd tin hieu tdng hgp thu dugc (dang tin hieu ra eiia phd kl bang C la tin sd) eiia
cac ddi tugng dudi mat dat khi may bay bay qua trong thdi gian 60 phiit va vimg bien do cua
phd tin hieu phat xa eiia cac ddi tugng sau khi phan loai.
So lieu do thuc dia
Tlh6nckhi. SF(%).
CF(%). BD(g/cm')

^

Tinh £(\\'si) cua dat
theo mo hinh
Wang - Schmugge

Gan Wsi = 0+i.0.1 i
= 1.2.... (do am dat
gia djnh)

Tinh He so phan xa theo
cong thirc Fresnel r(9.E)

''
Do phat xa esi= l-Fj ,9,E)
esi= l-riiG.e,
Gan es - dp phat xa cua
dat sau hieu chinh anh
huong cua lop thirc vat

^'
So sanh 5= ! es - esi 1

t

Htnh 3; Sa dd khdi tinh todn dd dm ddt cd hieu chinh dnh hirdng ciia lap thuc vdt

Hinh 4; Giao dien cua chuang trinh thu nhdn vd xu ly sd lieu Radiometer 4. i


ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6

Tieu ban: Cong nghe thong tin - Tu dong hod - Cong nghe Vu tru

Viec phan loai cac ddi tugng ty nhien dudi mat dat dya vao thdng tin tdng hgp nhu sau:
- Toa do GPS gin tren may bay lien tyc cap nhat vao may tinh tga do khu \arc bay qua;
- Hmh anh ghi dugc tir camera gan tren may bay ghi nhan ddi tugng vdi thdi gian thyc;
- Phd gia tri phat xa thu dugc tir phd ke tren may bay ciia cac ddi tugng eiing loai ed gia
tri gan bang nhau;
Hinh (6 - 8) md ta kit qua phan loai cac ddi tugng dudi mat dat va cac biichyp tir may bay, bao gdm nude (sdng Hdng, bd Sudi Hai), dudng be tdng, ddng lua, v.v., dya
vao pban tich cac thdng tin tdng hgp nhu tren.

•"

;

~.....-.»...

II

; •— riwr

""

'

-

r
^

^
rftf^-

,.

bare soil

1

rice

,

house
-t
; •

grass,banana
asphalt

!
•»

•"

"

' X water

Hinh 5. Phd phdt xg tdng hgp thu dugc tu phd ke bdng C ddt tren mdy bgy vd phd phdt xg ciig

cdc ddi tugng sgu khi phdn logi
Ket qua phan ticb cho thay viing gia tri tin hieu ra ciia phd ke bang C (tan sd) nhu sau:
- Phat xa ciia nude (sdng) tuong img vdi gia tri tan sd f ~ 6800-7800 FIz;
- Phat xa cua dudng be-tdng tuong img vdi tan sd f ~ 7800-7900 Hz;
- Phat xa cua ddng cd, vudn chudi tuong img vdi gia tri tin sd f ~ 8100-8300 Hz;
- Phat xa cua dat trdng tuong img vdi tin sd f ~ 8300-8500 Hz;
- Phat xa cua ddng liia tuang img vdi tin sd f - 9000-9200 Hz;
--." V ^ r

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36

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H6i nghi Khoa hoc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10-2010

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Hmh 9. Mdt phdn chuang trinh tinh todn do dm ddt tir gid tri do viin thdm hdng khdng

37


Tieu ban: Cong nghe thong tin - Tir dong liod - Cong nghe I 'ii tru

ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6

IV. Xay dung ban do do km ddt khu vuc bay do
4.1. Xdc dinh dp dm ddt theo tga dp
D8 thuc hien cong \'iec nay. d^u tien can khoanh \-ung cac gia tri do am dat duoc xac dinh
tu cac chuang trinh tinh toan nlur da mo ta a tren. ap dung cac mo hinh Jackson-Schmug^e
[7] va \Van2-'Sclimu22e [10]. Tilp theo, gan cac toa do tuong ung voi cac so lieu do am dat
\ua dugc tinh toan. nhu minh hoa a Hinh 10. Ban do do am dat the hien a hinhl 1.
LONGTITLDE LATITUDE
DO .\M DAT MASO HUYEN
105.9416
21.0330
0.4550
1
Gia Lam
105.9330
21.0330
0.4750
1
Gia Lam

105.9416
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1
Gia Lam
105.9313
21.0500
0.5000
1
Gia Lam
105.9333
21.0667
0.4850
_
1
Gia Lam
Htnh 10. Bang kit qua tinh todn do dm ddt vd toa do bay tuang irng
4.2. Xdy diptg bdn dd dp dm dat bdng phdn mem ArcGIS 9.2
Voi file diJ lieu g6m cac dilm bay do (gin \ai toa do va gia tri do am) va cac file ban do
n8n vung nghien cuu. tiln hanh xu ly s6 lieu bang phan mem ArcGIS. gom cac buoc: Nhap
dir lieu vk toa dp cac dilm do do im. dua len file cac diem do do am trong phan mem ArcGIS.
tinh toan gia tri dp dm dk tren \'ung thuc nghiem \'a noi suy bang thuat toan Kriging trong
ArcGIS, tao file (raster) dp am dat ciia \'ung thuc nghiem. Sau do tien hanli phan loai lai bang
cong cu Reclassify tren phin mem ArcGis, ket qua gia tri dp am dugc chia lam 6 lop. Tiep
theo, bien tap ban d6 kit qua tren phan mem Arcgis 9.2. trong che dp lam \'\ec layout tren
Arcgis. Ban do ket qua sau khi bien tap hoan chinh dugc xuat ra file anh de phuc vu \'iec in
an. Hinh 11 la san pham ban do dp am dat ciia de tai nghien cuu.
Dong thai \ di so lieu do tir may baj, de tai da ket hgp \'ai tram thu MODIS ciia Vien Vat
Ly. Vien KHCNVN thu anh ve tinh va tinh toan dp am dat 'viing bay do. Ket qua so sanh dp
am dat thu dugc tir 2 nguon diJ lieu \'ien tham hang kliong \'a anh MODIS kha phii hgp vai

nhau [18]. Vi vay. dp chinh xac ciia phep do vien tham hang khong la chap nhan dugc. dac
biet hieu qua doi \'ai nliimg doi tugng co dien tich rat rong, thuan nhat (bien, dong liia).
V. Kit luan
De tang cuong kha nang img dung cua cac he pho ke trong nghien ciru moi truong, cac can
bp Vien Cong nghe \ii tru da nghien cuu va tien hanh thi nghiem vien tham hang khong, lap
dat cac pho ke bang L. C len may bay true thang MH-17 de do va xay dung ban do dp am dat
vimg dong bang trung du Bac bp, bao gom cac cong viec chinh sau day:
-

Nghien cim tong quan \'e phuang phap \'ien tham hang khong do dac dp im dk (dua tren
cac cong trinh nghien cim cua cac nha khoa hpc Nga va My);

-

Nghien cim img dung cac mo hinh ban thuc nghiem tinh toan dp 4m dk. co tinh din anh
huong cua lap phii thuc vat;

-

Viet chuang trinh phan mem Radiometer 4.0 dilu khiln tu dong phep do ciia ph6 kl, luu
trij \'a hien thi pho on-line, tich hgp dir lieu tga dp ciia may thu GPS vao phin mim;

-

Viet chuang trinh tinh toan dp am dit dua tren cac mo hinh ban thuc nghiem va kit qua
do thuc dia:

-

Thuc hien thanh cong 2 chuyin bay do co gin cac pho kl bang L, C;

-

Hoan thanh xay dung ban do dp am dit \-ung ddng bing huyen Ba Vi va Gia Lam.

38


Hoi nghi Khoa hoc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Noi 10 2010

Rat tiec, trong qua trinh ba> do. pho ke bang L (LNIR) do qua nha}', da khong lam \'iec
dung do bi anh huang nhieu tiing on dong ca may bay. Tuy nhien, vai cac so lieu do tir phd
ke bang C. de tai da ap dung cac thuat toan loai trir anh hudng ciia ldp phu thuc \a\. xac dinh
dugc dp am cua ldp dit phia dudi, cho ket qua kha phii hgp vdi ket qua thu dugc tir ngudn dii'
lieu anh MODIS chup cimg thdi gian bay do.
Cac ket qua cua de tai da khang djnh phuang phap vien tham hang khdng la mgt giai phap
hifu qua cho nghien cuu dp am dat, dp am sinh khdi d cac canh ddng rdng Idn, thuan nhit
(dong bang sdng Cim Long, cac canh ddng trdng bdng, cac rimg thuin chiing, v.v.). Sai s6
chu yeu ciia phep do la do sir chuyen ddng ciia phd ke trong qua trinh bay do tren cac ddi
tugng khdng thuan nhit.
De cd dugc su thanh cdng nay, de tai xin cam an sir ling hg cua Lanh dao va cac Ban chuc
nang Vien KHCNVN, su hgp tac hieu qua cua Vien Dia Ly, Vien Vat Ly thude Vien
KHCNVN, Trung tam Dich vu Bay Miln Bic, cac chuyen gia Bungari va cac can bd Vien
Cdng nghe vu tru da cd nhiing ddng gdp hieu qua cho dl tai.
De tai cung kien nghi Lanh dao Vien KH&CNVN tilp tuc iing hd hudng nghien cim nay
ddi vdi cac ddi tugng rung, nghien cuu va giam sat biln bing viin tham hang khdng sir dung
cac he phd ke sieu cao tan./.

Htnh II; Ban dd dd dm ddt viing bay do thugc huyen Ba Vi
(TL ; I/100.000) & huyen Gia Ldm, Hd Ndi (TL ; 1/80.000)

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Ulaby F.T., Moore R.K., Fung A.K., Microwave Remote Sensing; Active and Passive,
Vol.Ill, From Theory to Applications, Artech House, Dedham, M.A. 1986.
2. Doan Minh Chung, Vo Thi Lan Anh, Passive microwave remote sensing of the
vegetgtign effects on soil moisture estimgtion in Vietnam, Joumal "Advances in
Natural Sciences", Vol.5, No.l, 2004, Published by Vietnamese Academy of Science
& Technology, 12/2004, pp.47-55.
3. Doan Minh Chung, Bui Doan Trong. Vo Thi Lan Anh, Passive microwave remote
sensing for estimation of the rice Mater content in Vietnam, International Geoscience
and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS-03, July 21-25'\ 2003, Toulouse, France
Proc. 2003 IEEE International, Vol.2, pp.905-907.
39


Tieu ban: Cong nghe thong lin - Tu dong hod - Cong nghe I 'u tru

ISBN: 978-604-913-010-6

4. Jackson, T. J., Schmugge, T. J., Coleman et al (1980), Aircraft remote sensing of soil
moisture and hydrologic parameters. Chickasha, Oklahoma, and Riesel. Texas. 1978
Data Report ARR-NE-8, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Washington,
5. T.J.Jackson and T.J. Schmugge (1986); Vegetation Effects on the Microwave Emission
of Soils, Remote Sens. Environ. 15, 203-218.
6. Ijjas. G. & Rao, Y. S. (1992) Passive microwave remote sensing of soil moisture from
girergft in Hunggiy. Int. J. Remote Sens. 13(3), 4 7 1 ^ 7 9 .
7. Jackson, T. J., Schmugge, T. J. & O'Neill, P. (1984) Passive microwave remote
sensing of soil moisture from an aircraft platform. Remote Sens. Environ. 14, 135151.
8. John, B. (1992), Soil moisture detection with airborne passive and active microwave
sensors. Int. J. Remote Sens. 13(3), 481-491.
9. B. J. Choudhury, T. J. Schmugge, A. Chang, and R. W. Newton, "Effect of surface

roughness on the microwave emission from soils" J. Geophys.Res., vol. 84, pp. 56995706, 1979.
10. J. R. Wang and T. J. Schmugge, 'An empirical model for the complex dielectric
permittivity of sods as a function of water content" IEEE Trans. Geosei. Remote
Sensing vol. GE-18, pp. 288-295, Jan. 1980.
11. Jackson .T .J and O'Neill, P. E., "Attenuation of soil microwave emissivity by corn
and soybeans at 1.4 and 5 GHz", IEEE Trans. Geosei. Remote Sens. GE-28: 978-980,
1990.
12. DM Chung, VTL Anh, VT Kien et al 'Nghien cuu tich hgp mdy thu tin hieu GPS vdi
he phd ke sieu cao tdn vd irng dung thir nghiem vien thdm hdng khdng xdy dung bdn
do do dm ddt vung ddng bdng Trung du Bdc bd ". De tai cap Vien KHCNVN 20072008, Trung tam thdng tin tu lieu, Vien KHCNVN, 2008

40