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I
Really Useful
English Words
David Maule

Penguin Quick Guld€s s€li€s
Andy Hopkins and Joc€lyn

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Editols:
Pott€r


Contents

P..M ldu..tro. t,ihtrd
cM20 2JÉ'EltLld
c.dpňr9 úrcugbM ú. uoíd'

Eex

r

^*ú.d

T.x! 6'}Ťi3ht o Dlvid

M$l.

b.a es.'t

publlh.Í by BI(íM. Pftl, ch!.lb!o'
udl!'e úd ty'gí by whiE Hm GnDňica cilh;d uy!
l E
rrruhumt by Ros6 Pftdry (Lindr Rred a,*nkr:

Print d

bv

che* soufla

Prhcr flhr

bd bo!!d

b'

cnjnr NPcc/}ó

2

rudlt' ho pan oÍ thb p+'bliTlb^ Íúyb. kplodLdd' nÚ.c ln a
Eh?Br'fu' ď fuBňtlkd iI aa' Íýd ol b' .", ňaú'
.lfuic'
ňe^lnl:al e!9b:o?l^e' Ea,dhg o. Óú.Ni'.' |ýltlpul lh. fuiol |ýnn.n
P.liú Ň oI l^. P|bli she'
Publit}.d Úy P.uM EdE ie t'nitd in sb.idm w'h
P4guin B@*! LuL boú (obpti6 b.Dr eb.'ú{io oaisÚ
Dk
All ner'J

shop till tou

bear ' 8rale '

d6p ba. sn

Clothes

wtúód

' sálty

m.lt ' sinĎei ' !tú ' whbk

' pactet ' tin ' tube

23

Plaií. spoted'st.iPed
Thc bťg.in hunkr ba8ý ' clo*-Íitting ' loo* ' úort

ttÍ. ď

enpld€

checked .

ň.top

3 thops
wba.

'o
Pe sí EdBíon Edinbluh
cJe,lbloh, E5'- c'N4ro]lf'

t

11

des*Ř . dinner' lúnch ' mdn .ouše

M.t.rial úp cordurcy' cotton ' nylon ' luede ' woo]
6!rdo pďly cauál ' ňfornal ' ovel dresed ' sauff'

lií of ň. tilles áv.ilabk fon Pmguin English visil
oJ.\.bi't d !!B Pm3 '.. 'Ú!h oT'olpk"'.w're'oyv_llo!d]
P.i'ionrd .4onoň(o'
+ngl'rlnsJ's']\u b eD.Ó' tmm'
FÓr a

7

Howto@kfish balc.ft r. giil'poach'stem
R6t EÚt diúc bland . dissuÍin8' oYďoolcd

d.

for L\.

Pbor@by

ct llmr

ln th.

2ool

Th. DoEl rilhl oflh. iÚno, hs

Prcdkd

stařted
I Food

Getilng

higb

A.

to

'tEď

Pul

on' JlP oť' iJk ofl ' Lndo' LlLe' Úr7ip
35

sho! come! shoP . dePartnenl 3to€
shop . úoPPing anlre.

,up@ďk.t'suPestot

ř


Sport

Quďty hieh qua]ity. old fashion.d. relúble'!|ylish

BÍg.in íorc dosing dow. gle

. discount .

p.ic.y

wií'lÓF

transport

Travol and
ft. .nport ba8sá8e haÍ . boďdin8 Pas . cbect
cusroms . deparruE lounEe. paspon

RrilMy ídtion óang.

.

cortrcl

ditcl ' 6ň!clá$

47

i.

th€

9u

Health end

. refurn . sinEle

5

Fřiends and

NMs

sďe

.

fumily

nftt name. máden

delay. diverl

.

stmd

.

At th€

8

ltŤ_molher. step4isler
.

rcll€agué. natmat. rÓon mat

.

@.knďe

partner . wife to be

5

f

F.€lin8s

*n'l

lbíd.

lancy. nake UP

úru

íom.h .che
ch€st

b._

. iĎje.tiÓn ' oPera1ion ' Plastel

weatheř

95

Bo!or@Llr boilirg hot. chilly.&@ing nild

d z'€. hea\arain'u8nl

t'\]ti or

dry

l^'My

vatlE

toftnti.l !.in

Rd.tiondhPs boÉiend. ď_husbaí.!. fiancé/fiancée
fau out wjth .

83

do.ro/J blood p6sue ' blood gnpL '

Trc.rmót bďd.ge
59

R.latiofu brotbď'in law. half_3ntg. sta_blotb€.

Md6 .lasnat

Pďs. th.oÝ

Dt gno.ir broken. dnbcated.pdled. splained. twilled

ýrii{€

nme. Índdle.ane

modlcine

li.k.

F.ding bad
Á.h.s md lAiÍs eíŘch. ' he.dache ' Pan '

barbecue . c.úse . dculsion . pi.nic

bomb

bi1.

cou8} . flú . sore thrcat . tempelature '

9ightsÉin8 . 9úbathing

GŘtinghon

71

d.5{ . equali* ' lead ' lo* ' score ' win

Dadúdth.lr.b otch. hed.

in desk

Holid.yhorel an conditioni.g. double room
.n suit. . ninibar . singl. roob . suit

lu

dre

Th. plre lo go ia rinl . gor cÓÚý . grcund . stadiln
lwinning Pool 'tďíjs @urt
rrfuiÍg il gor club . i@ hoctey stick ' Pool oe
tábl€ tenlis bat . teD.is rá.tet
sporting t'?$ a9stÚ1 rcfďe . coaó . mrager

. reduce

Howro Pry bánk cald. cash..heque. credit cald. lom
cmpl'ini'8 JňpL in . ! led l 1ol€ . 4ct ďge . laujn'

4

or

bI€*

min'shower

' glle ' high Bind '

\UÍiclne

*
*


iI
i

'

t.:

:


How can this book help you?

of the book. The key words in the book are also

Do you want to learn more English words?
Can you say some of what you want to say

listed in the Index.
. .

.

Why is this book called a Quick Guide?

but not all of it, because you don't know
enough words? Do you wonder where you can
find the words you need? The Penguin Quick
Guide to Realý Useful English Words gives yoll
the vr'ords that you'Íe looking

Because it takes you straight to the woÍds you
need. FoÍ instance, we alllike to eat, so why not

turn to the Íirst chapten Foo4 starting on page
I l? But don't expecl to find the name< oí
different qpes of food. You probably know
most of these already. Instead, there aÍe words

for

whatš in this book?

- when you

There aťe over 250 really useful English words.
Each chapter looks at a different area of real
life - for example, food, clothes or ttavel. At

that h€lp you to talk about food

the end of every chapter

Thtsis a Quick Guide.You doťt need to spend
hours studying it. Just oPen it fol ten minutes
€very day - and s€e how quickly you learn'

yoťll find

buy it in a shop or a restaurant, when you cook
it and when you eat it.

exercises

to helP you Íem€mber what yoďve leařned.
Ánd you can check your answers at the back

Ů'


.

Choose a sub.iect that interests you. Maybe
you're sitting on a bus, a train or a plane.

Look aI Ttoye] and transPolí starting on
page 47. Read the chapteř and frnd words
that go with what yoťre doin8.

. Answeť the questions in

the ReYiew section

at the end. Then 8o lo the Ánswers seclion
at the back ofthe book. Were you right?

. Now

go to the Ind€x.

Read the sample

sentences _ and rvrite down the woÍds

in

your own language.
I hope you enjoy using the book. Good luckl


ln the

restaurant

wrnrn: Would you like to

see the

dinner menu, sir?

MAN:

Thank you. Hmm ... I
think foť a staŤteŤ I'll have
Soup of the Day.

w,rnln: Yes, sir. Today the soup is

MAN:

-

And for the rnain course,
well, I had a snack about
an hour ago, and a hear.y
lunch befoÍe that. Is the
Chef's Special quite light?

starteí
maln
c)l'ursé

snack
lunch
desserl

-

wrnrnr

Yes,

MANI

No' doťt wolry - I'l1 eat it
anPvay. Ánd for dessert

sir Today it's

dinn€a

I'll have Fruits in Season.

L--

{*


How to

Just put youíÍish n
a pan with a little

cook fish
líy
grill
poach

sleam
bake

Many people fry fish in a litlle oil. bul
lhere are maíy olber ways o1cooking it'
You can grill

grill needs

il

but Íemember lhal rhe

to be rcally hot beforc you

put the fish under it' oÍ you can poach
it' Just put youÍ 1ish in apan with a liltle
white wine and waler, and heat it gently
foÍ a few minules' And a simple me'hod
is to st€5m i!- wrap il in foil and place

boi]jng vegelables' 10'15
should
be long enough. Or why
ninuie,
it over son€

noljuý

brush some oil or melted

buíer

ovČi ihe tish and bake it in the oven?

!.


Restaurant critic

&oaaa

Úu't

This ueek:
Tho Kings Head' Caxdiff BaY

The chicken soup wss so s8lty

that I couldn t rasle anything else
The steak was overcooked unliL it

was very dry and the sauce whifh was suopos€d to be splcy'
was aouatly qÚÍe blÍnd_ The
v€Íetables had b€en boiled unN
th6v \/Vere sofl - Íht'y wele real'y
dlrrusting' And the ápple p'e
whúh I hód lor d€ssert was sour_
_ thls che{ has npleŤ heard ot
was
iugeŤ. Apafi hom all íhat' it
was

restaurant
o ňlce mcal' The
vely
wěr€
stóff
the
chsrmlng.
holpful and the colTee was realLy
d$llobus

ůq:

L--.

salty
oveÍcookod

spicl
bland
disgusting
soltt


Cheese

soufflé

egg

ýhila till

'tif...

Melt 25g of but1€r in a saucePan. add
25g ofplain flour md stir lbr two
melt

stk
simmér

g'at€
beat

whisk

minutes over a medium beat. Now
s]oÝly stir in 50ml ofÍni]k a.d let

it

sinmer genily for three minules,
stjring occasionally. Grat T5g of
hďd cheese and ýiř this in with a litlle
salt and pepper. Separale lbree eggs
into yolks and whitcs. Beat the yolks
and stir ňem in loo' Now whisk the
eeg whiles unti]they are ýit'f, beal a

couple of spoonfuls into lhe sauce and

calefully ýir in the rest' Put the
mixtur€ in a buttercd sottfflé dish and
bake at 190'C for 30-35 minutes.

L

'í!]


Shop

till

you drop

MUM: Now, we need some bars
BILLY:

Chocolate?

tins of
Lemonade? Coke? Fizzy

MUM: No, soap.
BILLY:

of-

Ánd

a few

-

orange?

bar

Muv: Soup. Nice healthy soup.
lttt,Lv: Can we have some cans too?

MUM: very funný Th€y're

Yeah,

the same

tin
can

thing. Now' I also \.ant a big

packot

packet of

tube

-

ltttJxi Chocolate biscuits?
MuM: No, washing powder, and a
tube of toothpaste.
tttltt; Mum, you're no fun at all!

ýeu'

L"

&l


Beview

1

A Match these words with ihe descriptions.
statteÍ snack dessett lunch sour bland
A meal in the middle ofthe day.
Some food you eat between meals.
It means an acid taste - like lemon.
It means the food has very little taste.
You might begin a meal with this ...
... and end with this.

Malch 1-6 with a-{.
Cook in hot oil.
a) steam
Cook in a hot oven.
b) fry

Cook in veťy hot water.
c) grill
Cook above very hot water. d) bake
Cook near something
e) boil
very hot.


Witness

oF!lc!R: What did they look like?
One of them had a red
and white spotted shlrt, a
plain jacket and striped

loP

tlousers' Terťibl€!

cŘlnL> AáAIN5T íAs]_]loN

OFFICIR:

Ánd the other one?

woMÁN: He was even worse

striped sweater

spotted

-

a

- blue and

pink. And checked
trousers

-

can You

plain

slÍiped
checked

believe it?

How big were the m€n?
WOMAN: Sorry I only noticed their
clothes. You see, I'm a

OIFICER:

colÍrAcT vooŘ ŇEAáe

*áilřc'.l

fashion designer.

;!ř*EP

L

$*;


The bargain
hunter

Look at these jeans! OnlY three

Pounds, so I got t\,ýo Pairs. oK'
they're a bit tight, but I'm going to
lose weight soon. No, they aren't too

lhort -

it's just th€se shoes I'm

weaťing. And I got this jacket
five pounds. wait
k)o. Y€s'

- I'll slip

fol

it on

I admit it's quite loose.

No, it isn't baggy

- itt only

a size

bigger than normal, and I can take
lt in. Yes,I know iťs long, but you

tgm
8h0ít
looso

baggy

ďose-íitling

(!n't have eveť}thing. And the
hlrluse was only a pound' Tíght? No
'd say close-fitting And with mY
|

lll.uťe' that's not a problem,

n

&


Material rap

don't like wool, it isn't cool,
It makes you sweat a lot.
And cotton's just impossible,
unless your iÍon's hot'
I

I don't like suede in any shade
oÍ brown or green or grey
And get no joy from corduroy
Ploase take the stuff away!

-.;l
"'.ói
ýkh ýe coula change
cotton in the suwner.

I
ta

What like is nylon,
Top and trousers too,
Wlth shirt and socks and
underwear
ln matching shades of blue.

Though people turn their heads
lnd stare
l|m 8o relax€d that l don't care'
I

wool
cotton
suode

corduroy

nylol

ffl


!LL: They'ťe /o'," fliends. Tell me
what to weaÍ'
IANEI

řW

ffi#,#"F+
:w#ry"
{9J

![r:

faiťly inforňal.
Well, thďllb€

So just my normal clothes?

hN!: No,I said informal, not scrury.
! ,1: I am not scrufry' Casual,
maybe. And I'm not going to
try to look tlendy to Please
your posh friends ,
Nobody's saying that.I just
'ANE: want
You to look smart for

tu;

once.

lníormal
scruffy

casual
hendy

smaň
oveF
dÍessrd

I'llbe over-dressed. I'11feel
stupid.

hNB Ifyou look OK, nobody will

ffi


Life at the top

Most nights, I get home flom work
quite late, and I'm leally, really tiťed.
lf my shoes have laces, I never

jl

bother to untie them. I alwals think
It's easier to do that before

you put

them on. So I just kick them off.

Then I unzip my skirt. Usually I
doďt really take it off - I just let it

frll to the floor. I undo the buttons
on my blouse and slip it off- and
tometimes it ends up on the Íloor

Aííerthat I Put on a T-shirt and
I pair ofloose trousers and pour
myself a drink. My boyfriend thinks
l'm really untidy - I wonder why?
too.

My

w

Ů

unli6
put on

uíŽlp
take ofi
undo
8lip oÍí


Review 2
A chooss

pldin

1 with
2 with
3 with
4 with

on€ Word Íor each pattem,

checked spotted stÍiped
vertical lines fiom top to bottom

small squares
lots of dots
no pattern, all one colour

B Match í-3 With its opposite, a-{.

I tight

2
3

long
scrufý

a) short
b) Ioose
c) smart

C Complete lhese wilh the corect material.
1 .''' is light, stťong and synthetic'
2 .... is warm and comes fiom sheep.
3 .... comes from a plant.


T

Where to shop

GroRGE: The přoblem with life

today is that nobody goes
to the higb street shops
any more.

MAt'IÁj !\rhat do you meani
oF,oRGE:

well, we all just drive to
out-of-town shopping
c€ntles,

{

k

and go to

shop
sfiopping

cenbe

supےmarkot

supetmarkets or

8up€Ť8tore

supeŤstores.

coner shop

MARIA: Well, you can get things

much cheaper there than
at the coÍner shop or a

town centle depaŤtment
stoře.

!

high 8ťeet

d6partmont

storo


Qualiý

And this is the very latest
slimming device to aPPear on
the maÍk€t' It may look a litde
old-fashioned at first glance,
but iťs a high-quality item'
scientifically designed for
maximum comfort and safetY
lt's well-made, from the Íinest
mate als, and it's a stylish

addition to any home. Iťs also

relioble - it'll go oí
woÍkin8 for yeals if you take

€xtr€mely

oldfashioned
hlghquality
woll-mad6
styllsh
rellable

care of it. Now,let me show You
just how easy it is to use ...

&


Bargain store

tm:

ffi

llM:

&|1&ED o{LY {!

lN

bargains tomoÍťo\Ý. Put
5 eac}ť on all
'reduced '1
these sweaters

!ERT: Thaťs still a bit pŤicey, isn't it?
They normally sell at !16.

6P,yo oosNq oowwseln

*rnne

fught, we need lots of

oK,leťs make them a special
offeÍ - !30 for two. Ánd a 5%
discount to anyone who buys
moře than ten.

Irrirn: But boss, who's going to buY
more than ten sweatets?

xstallrRulffiiB

FÁňo! oNť ltaér.tÍLY

Mi

dEďrřbÍocrÍAe_,

The same sort of idiot who
believes we're having our third
closing-dor,vn sale in six
months!

ffi

L

rcduc€
pricey

speclal
oÍfer

dlscounl
closingdown

salg


How to pay

ÁssIsTÁNT:

How are you paying?

qAROLl

Sorry, I don't have cash

with me.
ASSISTANTi We accept

all major

credit cards.
cÁRoL:

I've com€

without my

purse, and my cards are

in it. will you take a
ÁsslSTANT:

crodit
card

cheque?

chequ€

Do you have a bank

bank card

card?
cÁRoI:

cash

Sory, thatt in my

loen

purse, too. I wonder ...

could we arrange a

loan?
ASSISTANT:

tx

For a pair of tights?

t#


Complaining

I doďt like to complain, but I

bought this camera last week
and it's stopp€d wořking.
A\SISTANT:

Mmm

yes, it's faulty.

Do

you have your receipt? We
can either exchange the
camera or offer you a credit

complain

note. You can use it for

receipt

anything in the shop.

i('n)

\l^N:

No, I'd rather have a refund.

AsSISTANT:

l'm afraid that isťt comPany
policy, siř'
But it is the law

-

Íaully

exchange

cíedit nolé
aeíund

and I'm a

law student. So refund my

money or I'11 see you in
court. OK?
,ta

lól


Review 3
A

Match each descÍption with a shop.
corner shop dePattment ýore
high sfteet shop supermarket

1 shop on the town's main street

2 small shop on any street in town
3 large shop that mainly sells food
4 large shop that sells almost everything
B Match lhese words with lfie descriptions,
cash loafl discount fauby refund reliable

I

2
3
4
5
6

]X

a reduction in the usual price
youÍ money returned to you
works well for a long time
money that you borro$'
not working well
coins and banknotes