Tính từ trong tiếng anh phần 5

Moon.vn

Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP

Tính từ (Adj) - Phần 5
Tóm tắt bài giảng

I.

Prefixes (tiền tố)
Prefixes are added to the beginning of an existing word in order to create a new word with a
different meaning. For example:
prefix
un-

new word
unhappy

under

underdeveloped: các quốc gia chậm phát triển, undergrowth (bụi cây thấp),
underpass: đường cầu chui, undercook: nấu chưa chín

multiover-

multicultural
overwork, overweight, oversleep (ngủ quên), overhear (nghe trộm), overdose
(quá liều)

cyber-

cyberspace

super-

supermarket, superman, supernature (siêu nhiên)

sub

subtitle, subway (tàu điện ngầm), subcontinent

sur
dis
out

surface (bề mặt)
disagree
outnumber (lớn hơn), outweigh (lớn hơn, quan trọng hơn)

mis

mistake, misunderstand, misbehave, misuse, misspell

re

rewrite, redo

en

ensure, enable, enclose (đính kèm), endanger (gây nguy hiểm), enlarge (mở
rộng), enrich (làm giàu)

non

nonsmoking (adj: không được hút thuốc)

inter

international (quốc tế),

Tiền tố phủ định

Ví dụ

Im- (đứng trước tính từ bắt đầu m hoặc p)

Immature (chưa trưởng thành), impatient (mất
kiên nhẫn), impossible, impractical (không thực
tế)

Ir- (đứng trước tính từ bắt đầu r)

Irreplaceable. irregular, irresponsible

Il- (đứng trước tính từ bắt đầu l)

Illegal, illegible, illiterate, illogical

Moon.vn

Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98

Moon.vn

Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP

In-

Inconvenient,
inedible,
incomplete,
independent, indivisible (không thể chia tách
được)

Dis-

Disloyal, dissimilar

Un-

Uncomfortable, unsuccessful, unhappy, unreal,
untrue, unlucky, unequal

Ex 1 (Chữa trong video)
A. Form the adjective and its antonym by adding appropriate prefixes
Attention attract comfort competence formality
rely
B. Now use the negative adjectives to fill the blanks.
1 My watch is very
2 if that chair is

offend

predict

reason

, so I'm not sure of the correct time.
, try this one over here.

3 The atmosphere was very
4 He was so

health

and everyone was on first-name terms.

that he sent everybody the wrong information.

5 Was it
of me to expect them to do so much homework?
6 That terrible make-up makes her look most
7 He was a very
pupil and seemed to spend most of the time looking out of the window.
8 He keeps saying that eating all this fast food is _______________ , especially if you don't get
much exercise.
9 He's very _______________ . You never know what he's going to do next.
10 I thought It was an __________________ remark but apparently she was deeply insulted.

Ex2: (Chữa trong video)

A Put one of the prefixes dis-, mis-, en- or un- in front of each of the words in the list below to
form verbs.
agree load
appear
inform understand large

lock

approve
wrap

judge

behave

obey danger sure

B Now use the verbs you have formed to complete the sentences. Use each verb once only in its
correct form.

Moon.vn

Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98


Moon.vn

Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP

1 I'm afraid you've been ___________. We never give discounts.

2 By _______________ the photo, we were able to read the words on the note.
3 The porter ____________the door and let me in.
4 If those children _____________ once more, they'll go straight to bed!
5 Unfortunately, my father ___________ of my new girlfriend.
6 The money can't just have ____________ ! Somebody has stolen it!
7 After they've ___________ the furniture from the lorry, I'll make them a nice cup of tea.
8 I spoke very slowly and clearly so that nobody would ______________ what I was saying.
9 The soldier was put in prison for a week for ______________ orders.
10 We all gathered round to watch as she _______________ the parcel.
11 I _____________ the width of the stream and fell into the water.
12 You must always ________________ that the car's brakes are on properly before you start
working on the engine.
13 We must not use chemicals that will ________________ the environment and maybe ruin it for
future generations.
14 Mandy and I completely ______________ about where to go on holiday. She wants to go
somewhere warm by the sea - and I want to go skiing!
II. Tài liệu đọc thêm
Suffixes (hậu tố): Suffixes are added to the end of an existing word. For example:
word
child
work
taste
idol
like

suffix
-ish
-er
-less
-ize/-ise

-able

new word
childish
Worker
Tasteless
idolize/idolize
Likeable

Các tiền tố thường gặp:
Tiền tố
Anti-

Ý nghĩa
Chống lại

Ví dụ
Anti-war, antisocial

AutoBi-

Tự động
Hai, hai lần

Auto-pilot, autography
Bicycle, bilingual

Ex-

Trước đây

Ex-wife, ex- smoker

Moon.vn

Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98


Moon.vn

Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP

Micro-

Nhỏ bé

Microwave,
microscopic

Mis-

Tồi tệ, sai

MonoMulti-

Một, đơn lẻ
Nhiều

Over-

Nhiều, quá mức

Misunderstand,
misinform
Monotone, monologue
Multi-national,
multi- purpose
Overdo,
overtired, overeat

Post-

Sau

Postwar, postgraduate

Pre-

Trước

Pre-war, pre-judge

Pro-

Tán thành, ủng hộ

Pseudo-

Già

Pro-government,
pro- revolutionary
Pseudo- scientific

ReSemiSubUnder-

Lần nữa, trở lại
Phân nửa
Bên dưới
Thiếu, không đủ

Retype, reread, rewind
Semi-final,
semicircular
Subway,
subdivision
Underworked,
undercooked

III. Bài về nhà
COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH A WORD DERIVED FROM THE WORD IN CAPITAL
LETTERS
1. Artists must be
2. Why are you so

, otherwise they just repeat what they see or hear
of his work? He's just doing his best.

3. Have you made up your mind? We need to know your
4. He's too shy to look people

as soon as possible.

yet?

6. They put too many unnecesary
7. I

CRITIC

when he talks to them

5. Have they put the Christmas

think that there's no point in arguing with him. Just ignore him.

9. Why don't you call the

DECIDE
DIRECT
DECORATE

in food

8. Extraterrestrial life has not been

CREATE

proved yet.
if the lights don't work?

ADD
HONEST
SCIENCE
ELECTRIC

10. Music and television are forms of

ENTERTAIN

11. The concert didn't live up to our

EXPECT

Moon.vn

Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98


Moon.vn

Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP

12. The electric company admitted their
13. Did you use to have

for the blackout

as a child?

14. I don't like those trousers, no matter how
15. Life

RESPOND
ALLOW

they are

FASHION

varies according to country and gender

EXPECT

Đáp án
1. creative
6. additives
11. expectations

Moon.vn

2. critical
7. honestly
12. responsibility

3. decision
8. scientifically
13. allowance

4. directly

9. electrician
14. fashionable

5. decorations
10. entertainment
15. expectancy

Hotline: 04.32.99.98.98