Environmental management E363 lecture 14 tools for environmental management

E363
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LECTURE 14
TOOLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
Dr. Nguyen Thi Hoang Lien

1


LAW AND REGULATIONS
• Law on environmental protection 2005
• Environmental strategies and policies
• Environmental plan
• Environmental inspection
• Environmental standard(s)

2


TECHNICAL TOOLS
• Environmental monitoring
Describes the processes and activities that need
to take place to characterize and monitor the
quality of the environment.
Environmental monitoring is used in the
preparation of environmental impact assessments,
as well as in many circumstances in which human
activities carry a risk of harmful effects on
the natural environment. In all cases the results of
monitoring

will
be
reviewed,
analyzed statistically and published.
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Monitoring object(s)
Monitoring sites

Monitoring parameters

Time and frequency
of monitoring

Important sites
Sampling methods
Program revision

Measuring and analysis methods
Equipments
Statistic analysis
Records
Data analysis
Data communication
Storage and database management
4


• Environmental assessment (EA)

Is a procedure ensuring the environmental
implications of decisions are taken into account
before the decisions are made.
EA can be undertaken for individual projects,
such as a dam, motorway, airport or factory
(known as Environmental Impact Assessment –
EIA) or for public plans or programs (known as
Strategic Environmental Assessment – SEA).

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 EIA is an assessment of the possible positive
or negative impact that a proposed project
may have on the environment, together
consisting of the environmental, social and
economic aspects.
 SEA is a systematic decision support process,
aiming to ensure that environmental and
possibly other sustainability aspects are
considered effectively in policy, plan and
program making.

6


• Environmental auditing
 Environmental auditing is a general term that
can reflect various types or evaluations
intended to identify environmental compliance

and management system implementation gaps,
along with related corrective actions.
Environmental
auditing
performs
an
analogous (similar) function to financial audits.
 There are generally two different types of
environmental audits: compliance audits and
management systems audits.
7


• Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)
LCA is a technique to assess environmental
impacts associated with all the stages of a
product's life from-cradle-to-grave (i.e., from
raw material extraction through materials
processing, manufacture, distribution, use,
repair and maintenance, and disposal or
recycling).
The procedures of life cycle assessment (LCA)
are part of the ISO 14000 environmental
management standards: in ISO 14040:2006 and
14044:2006.

8


LEVI’S

9


• Environmental planning
Is the process of facilitating decision making
to carry out development with due
consideration
given
to
the
natural
environmental, social, political, economic and
governance factors and provides a holistic
frame work to achieve sustainable outcomes.
Main elements of environmental planning:
social and economic development; urban
development; regional development; natural
resource management and integrated land use;
infrastructure systems; governance frameworks.
10


ECONOMIC TOOLS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Quota
Subsidy
Bank deposit
Environmental fund
Eco-label
Compensation

11


7. Environmental tax, fee, charges
LAW ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TAX
(No. 57/2010/QH12)

12


8. Clean Mechanism Development (CDM)
CDM
is
one
of
the flexibility
mechanisms defined in the Kyoto Protocol (IPCC,
2007) that provides for emissions reduction
projects which generate Certified Emission
Reduction (CER) units which may be traded
in emissions trading schemes.
 The CDM allows industrialized countries to

buy CERS and to invest in emission reductions
where it is cheapest globally.
 CDM projects: energy efficiency, CH4 recovery,
transportation, forestation.

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