20 cấu trúc đơn giản và bài tập

20 Cấu trúc đơn giản và bài tập
1. Adj + enough+ to...... đủ ... để ( 2 chủ ngữ ở hai câu là một)
Ex: Lan is careful. She can do this work
Lan is careful enough to do this work
Adj+ enough+for...to .... đủ ... đối với.. để ...( hai chủ ngữ ở hai câu khác nhau)
Ex: This milk isn’t warm. I can’t drink it
This milk isn’t warm enough for me to dink (bỏ it)
2. Too+ adj+to... quá ... không thể ...( hai chủ ngữ ở hai câu là 1)
Ex: I’m very tired. I can’t go with u now
I’m too tired to go with you

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Too+adj+ for+to ... 2 chủ ngữ 2 câu khác nhau
This milk is hot. I can’t drink it
This milk is too hot for me to drink
So+adj/adv+that... đến nỗi mà...
The exercise was so difficult that I...
Such+ a/an+ adj+ noun+that... đến nỗi

It was such a difficult exercise that...
Not only... but also...= not only... but...as well: không những... mà còn....
He is not only fat but also short = he is not only fat but short as well
Keep+ v-ing=continue to : cứ mãi
He keep talking about it= He continues to talk...
Passive voice: Be + participle
Be chia theo thì thích hợp + động từ chính cột 3 hoặc ed
Make+ obj+ bare infinitve( nguyên mẫu không to)
The clown made us laugh a lot
Because+ clause= Because of phrase of noun
We laughed because the clown was funny
We laughed because of the funny clown
 The funny clown made us laugh
Have+ obj1+ bare infinitive+obj2 ( nhờ ai làm gì  câu chủ động)
She had me wash the clothes
Have+ obj1+ past participle ( bị động)
She had the clothes washed
Verb of perception ( động từ giác quan)
See/watch/hear+ obj+ bare infinitive ( nhìn xem nghe toàn bộ sự vật sự việc)
See/ watch/ hear+ obj+ V-ing ( nhìn xem nghe một phần sự việc)
ở passive: sau động từ giác quan động từ thứ 2+ “to-inf”
I saw him fall( falling) asleep
 He was seen to fall asleep
Pariciples phân từ gồm 2 loại
Present participle hình thức V-ing không BE (dùng trong câu chủ động)
Do you see the boy sitting over there?


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Lưu ý: Danh từ đứng trước nó không phải là chủ ngữ
Past participle hình thức: ED hoặc cột 3 không BE (dùng trong câu bị động)
This is the house built last year
Compound adj ( Tính từ kép) bổ nghĩa danh từ đứng sau
This hotel has one hundred rooms
 This is an one-hundred-room hotel
Comparative so sánh hơn có 2 công thức
short adj/adv+ER hoặc more+ long adj /adv
Superlative so sánh nhất có 2 công thức
The + short adj+ EST hoặc the most+ long adj
Equality so sánh bằng
As...as.. hoặc not as(so)... as
I am as tall as you
I am not as (so) tall as you
Spend +time+ V-ing ( mất bao lâu để làm gì)
We spent one hour walking to his farm
Although( though) + clause
Despite / In spite of + Noun
She passed the exam though she was sick/ despite her sickness
It + takes+ obj+ time+to... ai mất bao lâu để làm gì
It takes me 15 minutes to walk to school
Wish 1: mơ ước cho hiện tại

I wish i was in London (thì quá khứ)
Wish 2: mơ ước cho quá khứ
I wish i had met her yesterday ( quá khứ hoàn thành)

Exercise
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Comebine each pair of sentences with structures given in parentheses:
The book was very interesting. I read it many times ( so..that)
Tom was not carefull. He could not do this work (enough)
The film wasn’t good. We didn’t see it through. (enough)
The test was long. It is difficult too (not only... )
I’ve read the novel. It was written by Charles Dickens ( participles)
Who is the student? He is standing over there? ( participles)
We were sleepy. We couldn’t continue to work. (too..to)
She speaks E well. Her sister speaks E well too. ( as..as)
Lan does her test carefully. I don’t do my test as carefully as Lan ( more)
Rewrite the sentences, using the structures in parentheses
• He continued to think about the story ( keep+ Ving)
• We felt sleepy because of the long performance( because)

• They felt heathier because the air was pure( because of)
• Do you like to read fiction books? (en joy)
• I was tired because of the hard work. ( make)
• We asked him to point the door. (have)
• The film was so exciting that we saw it twice ( such.. that)
• The dictionary has ten thousand words (compound adj)
• The boy was so short that he couldn’t reach the window (such.. that)


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It ws so dark that I couldn’t see anything (too..to)

We went out because the room was hot ( so that)
He often has his sister iron his clothes (ask)
He is both cheerful and kind (not only..)
They kept talking about the play (continue)
My father doesn’t smoke anymore (used to)
We got home late because the car broke down( if)
I stay at home because I’m sick (if)
I want to have a new bike (wish)
My father punishes me yesterday (wish)
The exercise was so easy that he could do it in ten minutes (enough)
What kind of books are kept on the shelf? (active voice)
We were happy because we met our old friends (adj+to inf)
We are living in a house which was built 200 years ago (participle)
Can u recognise the girl who is wearing the blue hat? (participle)
The dress was too expensive for her to buy. (so... that)
She had a boy buy a newspaper (passive)
The hot weather made us unpleasant (because)
They had done the work before 6 (passive)