THÂN THẾ, SỰ NGHIỆP CỦA HỌC SỸ TRẦN LƯU HUỆ

T H A N
D A I

T H E , S t f N G H I E P C I J A D O N G

H O C

S I T R A N

I t I

H U E

C A C

( 1 8 3 0 - 1 9 0 7 )

NGUYEN DUG NHU$*

G i a pha ho Tran 5 xa Vinh Xiidng,
huyen Phong Dien, tinh Thda
Thien Hue cho biet: Tien td cua ddng ho la
Trdn Xi, ngvidi qudn Dinh Xvfcing, huyen
Tdng Sdn, phu Ha Trung, xd Thanh Hoa da
tham gia vao doan nghia dung theo Nguyen
Hoang vao tra'n thu Thuan Hda nam 1558
(1). Gia pha cdn cho biet: Ong Tran Xi la
ngvidi co cong khai pha da't hoang, lap nen
lang Vinh Tho, huyen Hvidng Tra, phu Trieu
Phong, dinh Quang Ddc. Con chau ngai ddi
ddi n6'i nghiep tai day.

Theo mot tai lieu dia phiidng chi diidc
bien soan sdm nha't (1554) ve vung da't
Thuan Hoa (Thda Thien - Hue ngay nay) la
O Chdu can luc cua Tien si Diidng Van An
thi huyen Hiidng Tra, nguyen la huyen
Kim Tra, phu Trieu Phong. Diidi thdi chda
Nguyln Phuc Nguyen (1613 1635) huyen
Kim Tra ddi la huyen Hiidng Tra. Thdi
die'm triidc nam 1554, huyen Kim Tra cd 60
xa, chiia cd dia danh xa Vinh Tho. Nhii
vay, rat cd the' sau khi ngai Tran Xi to chdc
khai hoang lap lang (sau nam 1558) thi
lang Vinh Tho mdi diidc diia vao danh sach
cac ddn vi hanh chinh cua xd nay. Nam
Mau Tua't (1658) vi ky huy nien hieu cua
vua Le Than Tdng la Vinh Tho nen ten xa

* TS. Vien Sd hoc

Vinh Tho diidc ddi la Vinh Xiidng. Theo ghi
chep cua Le Quy Ddn trong Phu bien tap
luc (bien soan nam 1776) thi xa Vinh
Xiidng thudc tdng Vinh Xiidng, huyen
Hiidng Tra, phu Trieu Phong, xd Thuan
Hda (2). Dau thdi Nguyen, xa Vinh Xiidng
thudc tdng Vinh Xiidng, huyen Trieu
Phong, dinh Quang Ddc. Dinh Quang Ddc
diidc dat nam 1801 gdm ba huyen Hiidng
Tra, Quang Dien va Phd Vang thudc phu
Trieu Phong. Nam Minh Menh thd 3

(1822), dinh Quang Ddc diidc dd'i thanh
phu Thda Thien. Nam Minh Menh thd 16
(1835), nha Nguyen lay mot phan da't cua
huyen Hiidng Tra va Quang Dien (nguyen
xiia la huyen Dan Dien) dat lam huyen
Phong Dien; xa Vinh Xiidng thudc vao
huyen Phong Dien.
Ddng ho Tran d xa Vinh Xiidng tdn ngai
Tran Xi la v i To ddi thd nha't, den nay da
diidc 20 ddi, con chau phat trien thinh dat,
hie'n vinh, trong dd phai ke deh ddi thd 12
va 13. Ddi thd 12 la dng Tran Gia Chieu,
sinh nam Mau Tua't (1778). Theo Gia pha
cho biet: Nam Minh Menh thd 13 (1832),
dng Tran Gia Chieu gid chdc Chu sii ty Bd
Cdng, ITnh Tri bd Thuy quan. Nam Mau
Tua't (1838), Tran Gia Chieu ve t r i si, ngu


Than the", sy nghiep cda Dong eac.
tai Ha Noi. Khi mat diicic gia tang Tii
Thien dai phu, L l bo Thiidng thii, thuy la
Trung Liidng. Mo ong tang tai dja phdn
chda Long Chau, thon Chau An, Ha Noi.
Theo quan che trieu Nguyen, chdc Thiidng
thii Luc bo, Do sat vien Ta - Hiiu do ngii sd.
Cao thu: Tii thien Dai phu, ham Chanh nhi
pham. Vdi chdc tiidc va pham ham nay, cac
con cua ong Tran Gia Chieu cung nhtf cha
me deu diidc am phong. Vi nhu" than phu la

Tran Gia Gian diidc tang phong Gia nghi
dai phu, Thai thiidng Tii khanh, thuy la On
Muc (ham Chanh Tam pham), than mau la
ba Nguyen Thi Kien diidc gia tang Chanh
Tam pham, Thuc nhan.
Ong Tran Gia Chieu co 3 vd. Ngiidi vd thd
3 la ba Trinh Thi Khiidng, ngiidi lang Dinh
Cong, huyen Thanh Tri (Ha Noi) sinh diidc
hai ngiidi con trai la Tran Gia My va Tran
Gia Hue (deu thuoc ddi thd 13). Ba Trinh Thi
Khiidng sau khi mat drfdc gia tang Nhi pham
Doan nhan la do co con lam quan den ham
Nhat pham - tdc Tran Liiu Hue.
Tran Gia Hue thuc! nhd ten huy la Minh,
sinh nam Canh Dan, nien hieu Minh Menh
thd 11 (1830). Khi di thi mang ten la Tran
Gia Thien, do Cd nhan khoa Dinh Mao,
nien hieu Tii Ddc thd 20 (1867) khi da 38
tuoi. Ve khoa thi nay, sach Quoc trieu
hitong khoa luc do Cao Xuan Due bien soan
xuat ban nam 1893 cho biet ve ky thi
Hiidng khoa Dinh Mao, nien hieu Tii Ddc
thd 20 (1867): Triidng Thda Thien do
Tham t r i Bo Binh Bui Tuan lam chu khao;
Toan tu Sd quan Dang Van Kieu lam Pho
chu khao, lay do 32 ngiidi, trong do Tran
Gia Thien (ddi la Tran Liiu Hue - xep thd
16) ngiidi xa Vinh Xiidng, huyen Phong
Dien, lam quan trai cac chdc Tong ddc Binh
Phd, Nghe An, quyen kinh liidc sd Bac Ky.

Hien la Thii Hiep bien dai hoc si lanh Tong
doc Ha Yen (3).

41
Xuat than trong mot gia dinh quan lai,
than phu [tdc Tran Gia Chieu] diidc gia
tang den chdc Le bo Thiidng thu" nen Tran
Liiu Hue diidc hoc hanh td nhd. Ra't co the
ong da tdng tham dii nhieu ky thi Hiidng
va chi do Td tai nhiing vi diidc hiidng che
do tap a'm nen tham gia hoan 16 td triidc
khi do Cd nhan.
Nam Tii Ddc thd 17 (1864), Tran Liiu
Hue diidc sung chdc Hanh tau gidp viec cho
cac vien Bien tu d Han lam vien. Sau khi thi
dd Cd nhan tai triidng thi Thda Thien (nam
1867), Tran Liiu Hue tham dii ky thi Hoi
vao nam sau (khoa Mau Thin 1868) (4)
nhiing khong do va ong tiep tuc lam viec tai
Han lam vien vdi chdc Hanh tau.
Nam Td Ddc thd 22 (1869), Tran Liiu
Hue diidc bd nhiem chinh thdc vao ngach
vien chdc nha niidc vdi chdc Han lam vien
Dien tich (ham Tdng cdu pham) vdi nhiem
vu siiu tam, khao sat thii tich, tai lieu cho
viec bien soan sd sach cua trieu dinh. Nam
Tii Ddc thd 25 (1872) dng ddi sang gid chdc
Chu sd Vien Cd Mdt vdi nhiem vu triic d
Vien, ham Td pham (5). Nam Tii Ddc thd
26 (1873), Tran Liiu Hue ddi sang gid chdc

Vien ngoai lang. Day la mdt chdc quan lam
viec d cac Bd, Vien, ddng dau cac td chdc
chuyen mdn d Bd, Vien cd ham Chanh ngu
pham van giai.
Khi Tran Liiu Hue thi dd Cd nhan va bdt
dlu biidc vao hoan Id cung la thdi diem tinh
hinh chinh t r i xa hdi cua dat niidc dien
bien kha phdc tap. Nam 1858, lien quan
Phap Tay Ban Nha tan cdng vao Sdn Tra
(Da Nang), md dau cho cudc chien xam liidc
niidc ta. Nam 1862, thiic dan Phap chiem 3
tinh mieh Ddng Nam Ky la Gia Dinh, Dinh
Tiidng va Bien Hda va diia quan tan cdng
cda Thuan An (Hue) ep trieu dinh Hue' ky
Hiep lidc ngay 5 thang 6 nam 1862 xac lap
chu quyen cua Phap d 3 tinh mien Ddng.


42
Nam Dinh Mao, nien hieu Tii Diic thii
22 (1867), thUc dan Phap danh chiem not 3
tinh mien Tay Nam Ky la Vinh Long, Ha
Tien va An Giang. De ep trieu dinh Hue
chinh thdc hoa viec chiem dong nay, thUc
dan Phap hen tuc diia quan ra danh chiem
mot so' tinh thanh cl phia Bac nhii Ha Noi,
Hiing Yen, Bac Ninh, Ninh Binh, Nam
Dinh... Triidc sdc ep cua hie hieing quan sii
Phap, trieu dinh Hue nhu nhiidc da budc
phai ky Hiep lidc Giap Tua't (1874) vdi

nhdng noi dung cd ban la xac lap chu
quyen cua Phap tren toan bp luc tinh Nam
Ky. Ban Hiep lidc nay da gay nen sii bat
binh trong tang Idp quan lai va si phu yeu
midc. O Nghe An, Tran Tan, Dang Nhii
Mai lanh dao nhan dan noi day da'u tranh
phan ddi Hiep lidc Giap Tua't va diidc sii
ung hp cua mot so' quan lai trong trieu. Do
co thai dp bat binh vdi ban Hiep lidc 1874
ma nhieu vien quan bi each chdc, giang
chdc. Cd le Tran Liiu Hue cung nam trong
so' do. Dang gid chdc Vien ngoai lang, ham
Ngu pham, ong bi giang xuo'ng lam Han
lam vien Bien tu (ham Chanh That pham)
sau thang len Han Lam vien Tu soan (Tdng
Luc pham), Han Lam vien Thi giang (Tdng
Ngu pham van ban) (6).
Nam Tii Ddc thd 30 (1877), Tran Liiu
Hue diidc thang len chdc Lang trung (ham
Chanh Td pham Van ban, cao thu Trung
Thuan dai phu). Lang trung la mot vien
chdc quan trong d cac Bp va la ngiidi ddng
dau cac Ty ciing nhii ddng dau cac cd quan
khac ngang Ty trong Luc bp. Ve Chdc vu va
pham ham, Lang trung chi ddng sau
Thiidng thii, Ta hdu Tham tri, Thi lang cua
Luc bp. Cung trong nam nay, Trdn Liiu
Hue diidc ddi sang gid chdc Hdng 16 Tii
khanh (Chanh td pham). Day la vien quan
ddng dau Hdng 16 t i i lo viec xiidng danh d

cac khoa thi va nhdng nghi le khac trong
triidng thi.

Rghien ciru Lich su-. so' 3.2011
Sau hdn 10 nam lam quan tai trieu, trai
qua chdc nhiem d cac Bd, Vien td ham
Tdng cdu pham (Han lam vien Dien tich)
den Chanh td pham, Hdng 16 Tii khanh
(Lang trung), nam Tii Ddc thd 31 (1878),
Tran Liiu Hue diidc ddi bd chdc quan ngoai
nhiem (quan dia phiidng) vdi chdc Bd Chinh
sd tinh Binh Dinh (ham Chanh Tam pham
van giai). B6' Chanh sd la vien quan ddng
dau 1 tinh ldn. Diidi trieu Nguyen, sau cai
each hanh cWnh cua Minh Menh (18311832) chia dat cac tinh hat trong ca niidc va
xep dat bp may hanh chinh vdi cac chdc
quan Tong dd'c, Tuan phu, Bo' chanh, An sat
ddng dau de quan ly dia phiidng. Trd Thanh
Hoa la quy hiidng diidc bd nhiem chdc Tong
doc (thiidng do ngiidi trong Ton that nam
gid) cdn thiidng thi 2, 3 tinh dat 1 vien Tong
doc, hoae Tuan phu kiem nhiem. Tinh ldn
thi dat 1 vien Bo' chanh, tinh nhd thi dat 1
vien an sat ddng dau. Chdc nhiem cua Bd'
Chinh sd la nam gid viec thue' khoa, tai
chinh toan hat. Trieu dinh cd an trach,
chinh lenh gi ban xudng thi truyen dat cho
cac ngiidi phan viec (7).
Khi den nham chdc Bd' Chanh sd Binh
Dinh thi dja phiidng nay vda xay ra nhieu

thien tai nhii dpng da't 3 lan lien tiep. Bay
gid, quan d vien Cd mat va nha Thiidng bac
(8) tau noi: Tinh Binh Thuan dpng da't 3
lan, tai bien ha khong duyen cd, hoae hinh
nguc oan lam khong giai td ra, hoae dan
tinh u an khdng thau den tren, hoae tinh
niidc lang gieng chiia diidc on thoa, hoae ke
lai ac nghiet ke't oan, xin chpn phai chdc
khoa dao cdng bang liem chinh deh ngay,
chieu cac tinh hinh noi tren, dd xet mat cho
ky cang va ngoai ra cdn cd mdi te gi quan
ngai, deu phai tau ngay. Tii Ddc ben sai
Khoa dao la Ta Ngoc Diidng sung phai deh
Binh Dinh hpi ddng vdi B6' chinh mdi la
Tran Liiu Hue tra xet. An ve nha Doanh
dien xet xong, Le Quang Pham phai phat


Than (he, sy nghiep cua Dong cac.
triidng (9), each chdc, ruong dat chiem
doat, giao tra ve cho xa dan tni6c, Dien
nong sd la Phan Trung, Doanh dien sd la
Dang Van Duy, quan tinh la Ho Dang
Phong, Nguyen Xuan On deu bi giang phat
co thd bac (10).
Nhii vay, nhdng tinh te quan lai nhung
lam d Binh Dinh dan deh sinh ke cua ngudi
dan ngay cang khd'n kho chat chda da lau
nam. Khi Liiu Tran Hue den nhdm chdc da
cung Khoa dao Ta Ngoc Diidng tra xet, xd

ly cac tham quan cung nhu' tra lai cac moi
ldi ve cho dan, tao dieu kien cho ngiidi dan
yen nghiep lam an.
Thang 3 nam Nham Ngo (4-1882), Tuan
phu Thuan Khanh (Binh Thuan, Khanh
Hoa) la Bui Van Que 6m nghi viec, Liiu
Tran Hue diidc bo nhiem thay chdc nay (11).
Theo quy che' cua nha Nguyen, Tuan phu la
vien quan ddng dii6i Tong ddc va tren Bd
Chanh co pham ham Tdng nhi pham, vdi
chdc trach gid viec tuyen bd' ddc y trieu
dinh, vd yen nhan dan, coi gid cac viec chinh
tri, giao due, md dieu ldi, bd dieu hai (12).
Thang 11 nam Nham Ngo (12-1882),
Tran Liiu Hue vdi t i i each la Tuan phu
Thuan - Khanh diidc trieu dinh cd cdng vdi
Dien nong pho sd Nguyen Thong hoi ddng
vdi phai vien niidc Phap kham xet dia gidi
phan Nam d Binh Thudn va Bien Hoa. Nui
Than Quy trd vao Nam thudc tinh Bien
Hoa, trd ra Bac thuoc tinh Binh Thuan
(13). Theo Hiep vide Giap Tua't (1874) gida
trieu dinh Hue' ky vdi Phap gdm 22 dieu
khoan, trong do khoan thd V ndi rd: dia hat
midc Phap hien diidc cai t r i , tdc la 6 tinh:
Gia Dinh, Bien Hda, Dinh Tiidng, Vinh
Ldng, An Giang, Ha Tien, phia Ddng giap
bie'n va dia dau phia Tay tinh Binh Thudn
midc Dai Nam, phia Tay, phia Nam deu
giap bien, phia Bac giap niidc Cao Mien va

dja dau phia Nam tinh Binh Thudn midc
Dai Nam, deu ve quan hat cua niidc Dai

43
Phap, rieng gid quyen t i i hdu... (14). Nhii
vdy, cho deh thdi diem nay, dia ban ma
T r i n Liiu Hue thay mat trieu dinh Hue'
chiu trach nhiem quin ly cd dia gidi giap
ranh vdi Bien Hda, dja dau phia Bac Nam
Ky luc tinh vdng da't trdc t r j cua ngiidi
Phap (theo Hiep lidc 1874), do dd tinh hinh
trat tii t r i an thvidng khdng dn dinh. Ngiidi
Phap ludn miidn cd de xam pham, la'n ra
phia Bdc. Tuy Nam Ky luc tinh da bi mat
ve tay ngiidi Phap, nhiing vide djnh rd ranh
gidi, pham vi quan ly cua hai ben cung la
mdt viec lam thiet dang va trach nhiem cua
nhdng ngvidi ddng ra kiem xet, do dac, xac
dinh ranh gidi cung rat nang ne\ De mat
mot tac nui, mot thiidc sdng la cd tdi vdi
tien nhan va hau the.
Thang 6 nam Quy Mdi, trieu vua Td
Ddc thd 36 (1883), Tran Liiu Hue thdi gid
chdc Tuan phu Thuan Khanh de' diidng
benh (15).
Trong thdi gian Tran Liiu Hue ve que
diidng benh, tai trieu dinh Hue', ndi bd
trieu chinh dien ra rat phdc tap. Ngay 17
thang 7 nam 1883, vua Tii Ddc mat, trieu
dinh dvia Ung Chan len ngdi lay nien hieu

la Due Ddc nhiing chi 3 ngay sau bi ha be
td'ng giam, sau dd chet ddi trong nguc. Tiep
do, Hdng Dat la em Tii Ddc diidc diia len
ngdi ngay 30 thang 7 nam 1883, lay nien
hieu la Hiep Hda. Ngay 29 thang 11 nam
1883, Hiep Hda bi trieu dinh Hue bat udng
thud'c ddc chet, d ngdi diidc 4 thang. Ngay 2
thang 12 nam 1883, Ung Dang (con nudi
Td Ddc) diidc lap lam vua, lay nien hieu la
Kien Phdc. Kien Phdc la ngiidi chu t r i ky
Hiep lidc Patdnd't (6-6-1884). Kie'n Phuc d
ngdi diidc gan 8 thang va mat ngay 2 thang
8 nam 1884.
Den thang Chap nam Quy Mui (dau
nam 1884), Tran Liiu Hue diidc trieu ve
Kinh, diidc giao quyeh linh Tong ddc An
Tinh (Nghe An, Ha Tinh) (16) vdi quyeh liic


44

Rghien ciru Lich sir. so" 3.2011

rat ldn "gid viec cai tri ca quan, dan, cam dau nhien, chi 1 thang sau, thang 5, nam At
cac quan van quan vo trong toan hat. Khao Dau (1885), Tran Liiu Hue lai ddi td thii
hach cac quan lai, sda sang bo coi". Chdc Hdu Tham t r i bo Lai sang thtf Tuan phu,
linh Tong ddc Nghe An thay cho Tran Van
Tdng ddc pham ham la Chanh nhi pham.
Nghe Tinh la mdt dia phiidng rdng ldn Chuan vda mat (20).
Thdi diem nay, tai Kinh thanh Hue xay

va quan yeu, la bdc binh phong che chan
cho Kinh thanh Hue d phia Bac. Day cung ra mot stf kien trong dai, dd la vu binh bien
la mdt tinh cd doi ngu quan lai, si phu dang do phai chu chie'n ddng dau la Ton Thi't
tai chdc hoae ve t r i si ri't dong dao nen Thuyet va vua Ham Nghi khdi xiidng t i n
nhdng ngiidi diidc giao t r i nhdm ndi nay cdng q u i n Phap d thanh Mang C i dem
deu ndi tieng ve chinh sii, liem chinh, cong mdng 4 rang ngay 5 t h i n g 7 nam 1885.
minh mdi co the gin gid diidc t r i an tren dja Cudc phan cong d i n h Phip tai ddn Mang
ban. Cuoc ndi day cua Tran Tan, Dang Nhii Ca cua phe chu chie'n thi't bai, Ton Thi't
Mai sau Hiep vide Giap Tua't (1874) da cho Thuyet va cac tiidng si phd ta vua Ham
thay tinh each ciidng ciidng cua ngiidi xd Nghi ra Sdn phdng Quang Tri v i xud'ng
Nghe cung nhii y thdc ve chu quyen da't Chieu Can vtfdng.
Ngay khi n h i n dtfdc Chieu Can vtfdng,
midc rat ro rang.
van than, si phu yeu ntfdc, dac biet la d cic
Sau khi ve linh quyen Tong ddc An
Tinh, thang 3 nam Giap Than (1884), Tran dia phiidng t d Quang Nam trd ra Bac da
Liiu Hue da cdng vdi tinh than la Tran nhiet liet ung ho. Phong trao phit trien
Van Chuan tien hanh khao sat dia the dja manh me nhi't la vung Thanh - Nghe - Tinh,
phiidng, nhdn thay ndi Dung Quye't (d mat
Thing 11 n i m At D i u (1885), theo de
ben ta triidc tinh thanh Nghe An), la ndi cd nghi cua Nguyen Hdu Do, trieu dinh Hue
dja the quan yeu ben tau xin lap ddn, dat chuan cho thtf Tuan phu linh Tong ddc
sdng tren nui d'y de phdng gid khi cd bien Nghe An, Ha Tinh la Tran Liiu Hue, thtfc
(17). Tuy nhien, Tran Liiu Hue gid chdc thu Tuan phu, v i n linh chdc i'y. Trong dip
quyen linh Tong dd'c An Tinh chi trong nay, de gia an cho cdng than, trieu dinh da
khoang 6 thang. Thang 5 (nhudn) nam gia tang chdc ttfdc va phim ham cho than
Giap Than (1884), ong diidc ddi lam quyen phu va t h i n m i u cua Tran Liiu Hue.
Tong dd'c Binh
Phd (Binh Dinh
Phu

Nguyen Hdu Do t i u ndi: Cha da chet
Yen), rdi thang len thii Tuan phu, van cua vien dai than i'y [tdc Tran Liiu Hue],
quyen sung Tong ddc Binh Phd (18).
sudt ddi can hoc, thuoc qua kinh sd,
Thang 4 nam At Dau (1885), Tran Liiu nguyen triidc vi la con chiu cong than, sic
Hue diidc ddi ve Kinh gid chdc thd Hdu thu Chinh doi, nen thd triidc an tang, v i n
Tham t r i Bo Lai. Trong 6 bo, Bd Lai la mdt theo ham vo, danh va thtfc e chiia xdng
bo quan trong nha't, chuyen lo viec chinh stf nhau; cung la ngiidi thd m i u , triidc nudi
thang giang ve vdn quan trong kinh, ngoai dai than lam con, yeu d i i day bio, khdng
cac tinh, chinh dd'n phiidng phap lam quan khic con de, m i chiia cd chdt nao bio dap,
dd gidp viec chinh stf trong ntfdc. Ddng ddu long ri't chiia yen, xin chd an cich, phung
Bd la vien Thiidng thii (ham Chanh nhi chuih cho tien phu dai than i'y, ddi theo ban
pham van giai), tiep dd la cac vien Ta, Hdu van, chieu ham gia tang; dich m i u vien i'y
Tham t r i (ham Tdng nhi pham van giai), tang chanh nhi phim phu nhan, thd mau
cao thu Trung phung Dai phu (19). Tuy tang chanh tam pham thuc nhan (21). Trong


Than the", su- nghiep cua Bdng cac.
dip nay, than phu Tran Liiu Hue la Tran
Gia Chieu diicic gia tang Tii Thien dai phu,
Le bo ThUdng thu, thuy la Trung LUdng;
dich mau la ba Trinh Thi Khiidng sau khi
ma't diidc gia tang Nhi pham Doan nhan;
Thd mau la ba Mai Thi Dich diidc gia tang
Chanh tam pham Thuc nhan.
Thang Gieng ndm Ddng Khanh thd nhat
(1886), vien quan ngiidi Phap la Hach-td
sang lam quyen Kham sd dai than. Ldc
nay phong trao Can viidng chd'ng Phap
phat trien rong khap d cac tinh mien Trung

va mien Bac. Thiic dan Phap rat lo sd quan
chdc cac dia phiidng lien ket vdi phong trao
khdi nghia, do do nhdng ngiidi cd tinh than
yeu niidc, co t i i tiidng chong Phap deu
khong diidc nam gid ciidng vi chu chdt d
nhdng ndi co phong trao phat trien manh.
Nghe Tinh la mot diem nong cua phong
trao Can viidng, do cd sii can thiep cua
Phap nen Tong doc An Tinh Tran Liiu
Hue bi triet ve Kinh ddi bd gid chdc Ta
Tham t r i Bo Ho, cho nguyen Sdn phdng sd
Ha Tinh la Nguyen Chinh thang thii Tong
ddc Nghe An, Ha Tinh (22).
Thang 8 nam Binh Tua't (1886), td chdc
Ta tham t r i bd Hd, Tran Liiu Hue diidc giao
kiem quan Vien Dd sat (23).
Theo cd ca'u td chdc ban dau thi Vien Dd
sat cd sd' thudc vien rat ddng. Cudi thdi Tii
Ddc da bi tinh giam, chi dat khoa dao 20
vien (chiidng an 7 ngiidi, ngii sd 13 ngiidi),
Kien Phdc nam dau (1884) lai tinh giam
chi de lai 10 vien (chiidng a'n 4 vien, ngQ sd
6 vien). Ddu thdi Ham Nghi lai tinh giam,
hien de lai 6 vien (chiidng a'n 2 vien, ngii sd
4 vien). Triidc hien tinh cdng viec be bdn,
Tran Liiu Hue tau xin cai td lai bd may cua
Vien Dd sat, bien che' them thudc vien, cu
the la: Lai khoa kiem Hd khoa, Le khoa
kiem Binh khoa, Hinh khoa kiem Cdng
khoa va dao Kinh ky, dat lam 4 vien

chiidng an; Ta triic, HQu trQc, Ta ky, Hdu

45
ky, thi dat 5 vien ngQ sQ); hdp cdng khoa
dao 9 vien, cho du phai di lam viec.
Thang 9 nam Binh Tua't (1886), Tran
Liiu Hue diidc sung chdc Chu khao triidng
thi Hiidng Ha Nam (24). Khoa thi nay sd'
si td dQ thi la 7.691 ngUdi, lay dd 74 ngUdi
(trong do lay 24 ngUdi thudc so' dUdc gia
ngach va 1 ngUdi do Bd duyet lay them).
Trong so 74 CQ nhan dd khoa nay nhieu
ngUdi sau dd Tien si nhU Giii nguyen Chu
Manh Trinh (dd nam 1892), Nguyln Khue
(dd ndm 1889); Nguyen Ngoc Lien (dd nam
1889), Tran Van Phan (dd nam 1889). Day
la khoa thi dUdc du luan danh gia la cdng
tam, nghiem mat. Td bao Avenir du Tonkin
so ra ngay 27 thang 10 nam 1886 va ngay 4
thang 12 nam 1886 da md ta chi tiet le khai
mac va be' mac ky thi. Nha van Albert de
Pouvourville trong cuo'n "La defense
l'lndochine et la politique d'association"
xua't ban tai Paris nam 1905 (25) da ca ngdi
viec cham thi khoa nay that cdng bang.
Khoa thi nay, con trai vien Kinh lUdc Bac
Ky va Tdng dd'c Nam Dinh deu bi trUdt.
Sau khi hoan tat cdng viec d trUdng thi
Ha
Nam, LUu Tran Hue dUdc trieu ve

Kinh, tiep tuc gid chdc Ta Tham t r i Bd Hd,
kiem quan Vien Dd sat (26).
Thang 2 nam Dinh Hdi, nien hieu Ddng
Khanh thd 2 (1887), theo ldi tau cua Ta
Tham t r i Bd Hd, kiem quan Vien Dd sat
Tran Luu Hue, trieu dinh bai bd each thdc
ddc tien ddng 1 ddng ngang 10 ddng.
Nguyen, nam trUdc nha Dd'c cdng d Vu
khd', xin due tien ddng nien hieu Ddng
Khanh, ngang vdi 10 ddng, chieu theo tien
ddng ldn ddi Minh Menh, mdi ddng them tQ
1 ddng can 7, 8 phan den 5 - 6 phan, vanh
ngoai hdi rdng va day, de cd phan biet. Da
chuan cho theo dd ma lam. Den nay Vien
Dd sat la Tran LUu Hue tau ndi: "Thang 6
nam ngoai, nha ay da bat dau lam, deh nay
da 7 8 thang, lan ludt due thanh tien,


Rghien curu Lich sir. s6 3.2011

46
cong 294 quan, 9 tien, 37 dong, ma phi tdn
ve nhan cdng vat lieu rat nhieu, chd diidc
khong bd chd mat; hudng chi tien ay so vdi
trieu Minh Menh vda nang vda to, khdng
diidc tien, ma 1 ddng ngang 10 ddng, dan
gian tieu thu chiia quen, kho liiu thong
diidc, vdy each thdc due tien ndi ay, nen cho
danh chi lai, cdn cac thd khudn va ndi tam

de lai ddi ddng. Lai chieu theo each thdc
tien dong Thieu Tri vda day vda tdt, ngang
gia 6 ddng, due ra tien Ddng Khanh thong
bao, cho diidc tien va de tieu ddng" (27). Ldi
tau cua ong diidc vua Ddng Khanh chuan y.
Thang 7 nam Dinh Hdi, nien hieu Ddng
Khanh thd 2 (1887), vdi t i i each la Kiem
quan Vien Do sat, T r i n Liiu Hue diidc giao
tra xet lai cac an ve nhdng ngiidi tham gia
hoae lien ddi deh cac thu linh Can viidng d
Binh Dinh. Nguyen cac an nay da diidc Bo
Hinh tra xet ket an va lam td tau len, trong
dd cd 12 than nhan cua thu linh Can viidng
Binh Dinh la Mai Xuan Thiidng deu chiu
an phat liiu sang niidc khac, giao cho tau
Phap chd di.
Vien Dd sat la Tran Liiu Hue chap hanh
phap luat tau ndi: Cac tinh d T i , Hdu triic
ky may nam nay thac ra viec nghia cd ddng
lam loan, du quan tinh cung khdng khdng
che' diidc hud'ng hd cha anh han the cung
khd ngan cam. Hien nay, nhdng cd muc
thu xiidng, p h i n nhieu chiia bat diidc t r i
tdi, neu khdng ke cd dii miiu ddng ac hay
khdng, theo ludt p h i i lien can tat ca, thi
mdt ngiidi lam dieu ac c i ho p h i i chiu tdi,
sd khdng p h i i la de td thiidng xdt, ma yen
long ke trao trd. G i n day, bon dau muc cua
"giac" nhu bon Hoang Phuc, Nguyen Pham
Tuan va Bui Dien, da khdng b i t tdi lay...

vay chd, bac, anh, em ho than 12 ngiidi [cua
Mai Xuan Thiidng], xdt ra khdng can d\i, xin
nen miln cho phat di biet xd, nhiing giao ve
que la thdn Phd Lac ddng linh quin"(28).
Ldi tau diidc Ddng Khanh chuan y.
1

Thdc te' lich sd cho thay: Sau vu binh
bieh d Kinh thanh Hue' t h i t bai, vua Ham
Nghi xua't bdn ra Sdn phdng Quing Tri
xuo'ng Chieu Can viidng da tao nen mdt
khdng khi chd'ng Phap sdi ndi va rdng khap
d cac dia phiidng diidi sii lanh dao cua t i n g
Idp van than. Thiic dan Phap va trieh dinh
Ddng Khanh da t&p trung binh \\ic dan ap
phong trao rat khdc liet. Liic liidng quan sii
cua Phip cung bi hao tdn nhieu trong cac
cudc dd'i mat vdi nghia quan Can viidng. Do
vdy, nhdng thu linh Can viidng cung
nhdng ngiidi cd lien quan vdi phong trao
Can viidng diidc coi la ke thu cua thiic dan
Phap va trieu dinh Ddng Khanh. Phan ldn
cac thu linh Can viidng bi quan Phap bat
diidc deu p h i i chiu an td hinh, than quyeh
bi xd tdi che't hoae liiu day biet xd. Qua vu
an tren cho thdy: T r i n Liiu Hue khdng chi
la mot vien quan chap phap xet xd cd tinh,
cd ly ma Ong cdn that sii can dam va dung
cim, khdng nghi deh quyen ldi cua rieng
minh, khi tau trinh len trieu dinh xin cho 12

ngiidi than quyeh cua thu linh Can viidng la
Mai Xuan Thiidng diidc hiidng an nhe, quan
thdc tai dia phiidng. T i m long nhan hau,
bao dung cua Tran Liiu Hue da cdu diidc 12
than phan khdi bi di day biet xd.
Thang 9 nam Dinh Hdi, nien hieu Ddng
Khanh thd 2 (1887), theo ldi tau cua
Nguyen Hdu Do, Tham t r i bd Hd la Tran
Liiu Hue diidc phai ra Bic Ky do nha Kinh
liidc tuy vide ban uy ddi bd vao chdc Tdng
dd'c, T u i n phu cdn khuyet (29). Den thang
7 nam Mau Ty, nien hieu Ddng Khanh thd
3 (1888), Tran Liiu Hue diidc thang chdc
Td'ng dd'c ba tinh Sdn Tay, Hiing Hda va
Tuyen Quang (30), chiu trach nhiem ve
quan, dan, chinh tren mot dia ban rdng ldn
cd diidng bien gidi giap vdi Trung Qudc va
Lao, ndi cd nhieu dam phi tan quan cua
Thai Binh thien quo'c td ben kia bien gidi
thiidng xuyen tran sang quay nhilu.


Than the", sy nghiep cua Bdng cac.
Thang Chap nam Mau Ty, nien hieu
Dong Khanh thii 3 (dau nam 1889), Tong
doc Sdn Hiing Tuyen la Tran Liiu Hue
diidc dieu ve quyen coi cong viec cua Nha
kinh liidc. Khi ay, chdc Kham sai dai than
con khuyet, trieu than de cd mot so' ngiidi
co tieng tot ve chinh sii de chon bd. Khi de

cd Trdn Liiu Hue, vua Ddng Khanh cho
rang: "[Tran Liiu] Hue tuy tdng trai da
nhieu, nhiing cdn co ngiidi Hue cung chiia
kip diidc, nhiing thiic tha ma khong den, de
trd ngai, cung khong hdn diidc Hue tam y
ldi xin d'y cho thoa long tdt". Tai ndng ve
chinh sii cung nhii ddc tinh man can va
tam long trung hau cua ong da diidc trieu
than danh gia cao (31).
Chdc Kinh liidc Bdc Ky diidc dat vao
thang 5 nam Ddng Khanh thd nha't (1886).
Vua Ddng Khanh xuo'ng Du rdng: 'Toan
hat Bac Ky da't rong, dan dong lai each xa
Kinh sii, cong viec nhieu ma can kip, nen
dat mot dai than d Ha Ndi va chuan cho
toan quyen tdy tien giai quye't mdi gidp
cdng viec diidc nhanh chong. Triidc day da
chuan dat chdc Kinh liidc sd d Bac Ky, ve
sau moi viec thudc Bac Ky chuan cho Kinh
liidc sd thay mat nha vua ma giai quye't.
Chi cd cac khoan ma Hiep lidc da quy dinh
ve chdc phan quan Kinh liidc, quan Dai
Phap cung vdi quan chdc Dai Nam thi
Kinh liidc sd khong diidc cai doi. Kinh liidc
sd diidc chuan cho toan quyen tdy tien
harm xd. Tat ca khoan ban dinh giai quye't
nhii the nao, phai tdng viec mot tau len cho
diidc ro de hdp vdi the che (32).
Thang 4 nam Canh D i n , nien hieu
Thanh Thai thd 2 (1890), Tong ddc Sdn

Hiing Tuyen, quyen Bac Ky Kinh liidc
Tran Liiu Hue diidc chuan cho toan quyen
xd ly moi cong viec sii vu d Nha Kinh liidc
(33). Trong thdi gian nay, Tran Liiu Hue
dac biet quan tam den viec dam bao trdt tii
an ninh tren dia ban cac hat d Blc Ky (dac

47
biet la cong tac tieu phi d cac dia phiidng
mien thiidng du Bac Ky), kien toan xep dat
bd sung quan chdc cho bo may hanh chinh
d cac phu huyen, quan doi cung nhu" cham
lo den ddi song dan sinh. Sau khi thoi gid
chdc quyen Kinh liidc sd Bac Ky (khoang
gida thang 9 nam Canh Dan 1890), T r i n
Liiu Hue tiep tuc diidc trieu dinh Hue bd
nhiem t r i i qua cac chdc: Tong ddc Ha An
[Ha Noi Hiing Yen] (1890 1893), vinh
thang Thii Hiep bien Dai hoc si (34); Thiidng
ta Nha Kinh liidc (1894-1898), vinh phong
Thai td Thieu bio; Tong dd'c Dinh Ninh
[Nam Dinh Ninh Binh] (1898-1901) (35).
Theo ghi chep trong chau b i n trieu Nguyen
cho biet hoat dong cua T r i n Liiu Hue d Bdc
Ky kha da dang va da dien trong thdi gian
khoing g i n 10 nam dam nhiem chdc quyen
Kinh hide sd Bdc Ky va chdc Tong ddc Ha An; Tdng ddc Dinh - Ninh (36).
Thang 5 nam Thanh Thai thd 13 (1901),
Tran Liiu Hue 71 tudi, gid nguyen ham
Tong dd'c Dinh Ninh, Hiep bien Dai hoc si

ve t r i si. Danh gia tai nang pham hanh va
cdng lao cua dng trong g i n 40 nam tren
hoan lo, vua Thanh Thai da thang cho
Tran Liiu Hue chdc Dong cac Dai hoc si
(37) diidc dem theo quan phuc nha't pham
ve tri si (38).
Khi t r i si, Tran Liiu Hue ve sd'ng cudc
song thanh ban, dam bac trong mdt trang
vien nhd d lang Thai Ha, mdt vung da't cdn
hoang hoa mdi diidc td chdc khan hoang
triidc day i t nam. Sinh thdi, Tran Liiu Hue
la mot vien quan thanh liem het miic. Sinh
ke cua c i gia dinh chi diia vao liidng bdng
Nha't pham cua Ong. Theo quy dinh d p
liidng bdng cua trieu dinh ban hanh thang
7 nam Dinh Ddu, nien hieu Thanh Thai
thd 9 (1897), vdi chdc Tong ddc, Hiep bien
Dai hoc si, hang thang T r i n Liiu Hue diidc
hiidng mdc liidng (bdng) la 100 nguyen
[ddng] (39). Do vdy, kinh te gia dinh ong


48

Rghien ciru Lien sir, so" 3.2011

khong lay gi lam dii dat. Dac biet la sau khi
Ong ve t r i si, mdc liidng hiiu diidng thap
hdn nhieu so v6i khi dang tai quan nen gia
canh cang kho khan. Bao cao cua Phong Nhi

Phap cung cho biet them ve cuoc ddi thanh
ban, hem khiet cua Ong khi con tai quan.
Sau khi Ong mat, trang trai nho cua Ong d
Thai Ha cung phai dem ban de gidp cho con
chau hoc hanh va miiu sinh.
Bang nhdng trai nghiem qua nhdng
nam thang lam quan d Bac Ky (Tong doc
Sdn Hiing Tuyen; Kinh liidc sd Bac Ky,
Tong doc Ha An; Tong doc Dinh Ninh)
da giup cho Tran Liiu Hue co nhdng hieu
biet sau sac ve mien dat nay. Trong nhdng
nam thang cudi ddi, ong da miet mai bien
soan va hoan thanh mot cong trinh dia ly
hoc vao nam Thanh Thai thd 16 (1904).
Cuo'n sach viet khai quat ve dia dii cua 13
tinh thvidng du, ha du cua Bac Ky la Tuyen
Quang, Hiing Hoa, Sdn Tay, Ha Noi, Bac
Ninh, Thai Nguyen, Hiing Yen, Nam Dinh,
Ninh Binh, Hai Dvidng, Quang Yen, Lang
Sdn, Cao Bang; moi tinh mot ban, cong 13
quyen, tdng cong 40 td (40).
Trong gan 40 nam tren hoan 16, Tran
Liiu Hue the hien la mot tai nang ve chinh
tri, mdt ngiidi dao cao, ddc trong, het long
phung sd viidng trieu va cham lo deh ddi
song cua nhan dan d nhdng dia phiidng ong
tri nham. Diidi goc do van hoa, ong cung cd
nhdng dong gop nha't dinh. Ngoai cdng
trinh dia ly hoc ke tren do dng triic tiep
bien soan sau khi ve t r i si, khi cdn tai

quan, Tran Liiu Hue da cdng Diidng Lam
bien tap, hieu dinh cuo'n Tdu nghi tien tap.
Day la mot tap cac bai sd tau, bieu thu ...
cua Nguyln Hdu Do khi lam Kinh liidc sd
Bac Ky gdi cho trieu dinh Hue' va Phu toan
quyen Phap trinh bay nhdng moi ldi d mien
Bdc nhu" khoang san, lam san, hai san va
cac thd thue' thu diidc. Nien dai cac van
kien td nam Tii Ddc thd 28 (1875) trd ve
1

sau. Cudn sach diidc in nam Ddng Khanh
thd 3 (1888), gom 304 trang, khd 27 x 17,
mot bai tiia, mot bai d i n (41).
Trong thdi gian gid chdc Tong ddc Ha
Noi (nam 1892), Tran Liiu Hue da triic tiep
tuyen cac hiep thd cua lang Lieu Trang td
chdc khdc i n them 50 bo Dqi Nam hqi dien
sit le chinh bien do Noi Cac trieu Nguyen
bien soan (42). Bo Hqi dien (dien chiidng,
che do cua trieu Nguyen) diidc bien soan
theo cac chi du cua vua Thieu Tri (nam
1843 va 1846), vua Tii Ddc (nam 1850) va
hoan thanh vao nam 1851. Bd Hqi dien
gdm 262 quyen, dong thanh 97 cud'n, lidc
tren 8.000 td (gid'y lenh hoi khd 32 x 20)
diidc khac i n xong lan dau nam 1868. Do so'
liidng in han che' nen deh nam 1886, trieu
dinh lai td chdc i n lai de cung cap cho cac
tinh phia Bdc. Lan in thd 3 gdm 50 bd diidc

hoan thanh trong hai thang. Trong lan
khac i n nay cd dong gop dang ke cdng lao
cua Tong doc Ha Noi Tran Liiu Hue.
Ghi nhan nhdng cd'ng hien cua Tran
Liiu Hue, trieu dinh da ban thiidng cho ong
nhieu danh hieu cao quy. Ngoai chdc tilde
va pham ham (Nha't pham) Tran Liiu Hue
cdn diidc trad tang Long boi tinh vao cac
nam 1891 va 1899 [diidi trieu vua Thanh
Thai] (43).
Thang 5 nam Dinh Mdi, nien hieu
Thanh Thai 19 (1907), T r i n Liiu Hue mat
tai tii gia. Sii kien nay diidc chinh sd ghi lai
nhu" sau: Thang 5 ... Thai td Thieu bio
Dong cac Dai hoc si T r i n Liiu Tue mat.
Liiu Tue la bac dai t h i n ky ciiu, buoi diu
lam quan d Kinh, t r i i cac chdc, thang den
Bic Ky Kinh liidc dai sd, co nhieu cong lao,
cdng hien, nam triidc da diidc chuan cho tri
si dvidng lao, nay mat, diidc an td, sai quan
deh tetheo nhii dien le (44).
La mot bdc hudn than ky ciiu nen dam
tang cua T r i n Liiu Hue diidc trieu dinh td
chdc trong the. Trong ldi dieu t i l n biet ong


Than the, su nghiep cua Bdng cac.
co doan viet: "Khdng Tii noi: Td San, dao
cua ke quan td co 4 dieu: ma ky hanh ky da
(ban than luon tiet hanh va cham chi no

lUc); cung ky sii thuong da (cung kinh khi
phung sii be tren); kinh ky diidng dan da
(diidng dan khien dan kinh trong); hue ky
sd dan da (dan biet dn khi diidc sai dung).
Nhdng ldi ay that dung vdi ngai Tran''
Vua Thanh Thai thiidng tide Tran Liiu
Hue, da ban ldi dieu, dac biet ca ngdi va
danh gia tai nang, pham hanh cua dng:
"khi chat bac anh tai"... "thdc trai bdn trieu
vua; nhii may nang vang diidng; nhtf vdt
trdi canh phiidng..."(45).
Phan md cua Ddng cac Dai hoc si Tran
Liiu Hue diidc xay cat ngay trong mdt phan
tii dien cua gia dinh Ong thudc lang Nhan
Muc (46), khiem nhiidng nhii chinh cudc
ddi Ong. Khu rudng nay sau do ngiidi chau
ndi la Tran Liiu Can d va trdng nom viec
thd t i i (47). Trai qua nhieu nam thang,
triidc sii ddi thay khdng ngdng cua mdt
lang ven dd, phan md cua Ddng cac Dai hoc

49
si Tran Liiu Hue bi vui lap, mat han dau
ve't. Bang nd liic tim kiem khdng ngdng cua
ngiidi chat ndi la Tran Liiu Cung va ho
hang than tdc, nam 1998 da phat hien diidc
vi t r i cua ngdi md, cdn nguyen phan md va
bi ky tren bien ddng (khSc bai dieu cua cua
vua Thanh Thai). Hien nay, diidc sii giup
dd cua nhan dan va chinh quyen dia

phiidng, con chau Ddng cac Dai hoc si Tran
Liiu Hue da tdn tao lai phan md cho Ong,
nhdng mong bao den lai cdng dn tien td.
Qua nghien cdu, tim hieu than the va sii
nghiep cua Tran Ltfu Hue trong bdi canh
lich sd dat niidc cudi the' ky XIX, cd the
nhan thay Ong la mot vi quan thanh liem,
man can, mdt nha chinh t r i tai nang, cd
nhdng cd'ng hien to ldn dd'i vdi dan tdc tren
nhieu linh viic. 0 Ong ludn the' hien mot
tarn long trung hau, khiem nhiidng va giau
tinh nhan ai. Nhan each va pham hanh
cung nhii nhdng cd'ng hien cua Ong vdi
dan, vdi niidc xdng dang diidc hau the tdn
vinh.

CHU THICH
(1). Chung toi da tim trong sach Cdc tdng trdn nganh b cac Bo, Vien, Nha... pham ham thQdng tQ
danh bi lam (bien soan khoang tu nam 1810 den Luc phim den Ngu phim. Rieng Chu sU 6 Cd Mat
1813) dude bie't huyen Td'ng Sdn thdi ky Le Trung Vien, vdi nhiem vu true dude coi nhu Vien Ngoai
hung va dau trieu Nguyln thuoc phii Ha Trung xU lang vdi ham Ta nhi, TQ pham.
Thanh Hoa gom cd 4 td'ng, 62 hudng, xa, thdn
(6). Han lam vien Tu soan lo viec tu chinh,
trang, phudng, giap nhUng khdng tim thay dia soan thao sach vd giup Han lam vien Hoc si; Han
danh Dinh Xuyen. Cd the den thdi diem nay, dia lam vien Thi giang lo viec giup cac Han lam vien
danh tren da thay dd'i. Xem: Ten lang xd Viet Nam Hoc si bien soan sach vd, chQdng sd...
ddu the ky XIX (thudc cac tinh tQ Nghe Tinh trd
(7). Qudc Sd quan trieu Nguyln: Bai Nam thUc
ra), Duong Thi The va Pham Thi Thoa dich, Nxb. luc, (De nhi ky), tap III, Nxb. Giao Due, Ha Noi.
Khoa hoc xa hoi, Ha Noi, 1981, tr. 107.

2004, tr. 234.
(2). Le Quy Don: Phu bien tap luc. Nxb. Van
(8). Thuang bac: Khi bay gid, ngQdi Phap da d
hda Thong tin, Ha Ndi, 2006, tr. 107.
trong Nam Ky cd nhieu tau thuyen di lai, trieu
(3). Cao Xuan Due: Qudc trieu hUOng khoa luc,dinh cd dat ra nha ThUdng bac, cd ThQdng bac dai
Nxb. Tp. Ho Chi Minh, 1993, tr. 375.
than dQng dau de giac thiep vdi Phap va trong
(4). Khoa nay nha Nguyen lay dd 4 tien si.
nom cac thuyen budn di lai.
(5). Theo quan che nha Nguyln thi Chu sU la
(9). Le Quang Pham bQc bit thdn Vinh Hao
mot thudc quan, phu trach mot phan viec chuyen
nhUdng giao cho 1 xQ thuc dien va chiem doat 2 xQ


50

Rghien ciru Lich sit, so' 3.2011

dien thd' ciia thon ay mdi khai khan, lai trong han
(35). Nam Dong Khanh thQ 2 (1887) quyen
ruong dat chiem doat, pham trau ngQa ciia thdn ay Kinh luge sQ Blc Ky dang Sd xin cai dd'i Ninh Binh
nham dim phai, lap tQc bit giam, lay tien l l nhieu.
nhap vdi Nam Dinh lam mot, HQng Yen nhap vdi
(10). Qudc Sii quan trieu Nguyln: Dqi Nam Ha Ndi lam mot. Vien td'ng ddc kiem quan hai
thiic luc, (De til ky), tap VIII. Nxb. Giao Due, Ha tinh. Theo Khdm dinh Dqi Nam hqi dien sii le tuc
Noi. 2007, tr. 274.
bien, tap II, Nxb. Giao due, Ha Ndi, 2004, tr. 18.
(11), (12), (13), (14), (15). Qudc Su quan trieu

(36). Trong he thdng chau ban trieu Nguyln
Nguyln: Dqi Nam thUc luc, (Df til ky), tap VIII, (thdi Thanh Thai) hien luu tai Trung tam Luu trQ
sdd, tr. 525, 234, 549, 11, 575.
Qudc gia I (Ha Ndi) cd ghi chep tdi 52 sU kien lien
(16), (17). Qudc Sit quan trieu Nguyln: Dqi quan den hoat ddng cua Trin Luu Hug d Blc Ky
Nam thUc luc, (De ngii ky), tap IX. Nxb. Giao Due, tQ nam 1889 den nam 1898, trong dd thdi gian dng
giQ chQc Kinh lQgc sQ Blc Ky (khoang 6 thang) da
Ha Noi, 2007, tr. 47, 64.
(18). Qudc Su quan trieu Nguyln: Dai Nam thUc cd 39 sQ kien...
(37). Qudc Sii quan trieu Nguyen: Dqi Nam
luc, (De ngu ky), tap IX, sdd, tr. 83 va 101. d day
nen hieu la Tran Luu Hue mang ban chuc la Bd thiic luc Chinh bien De luc ky Phu bien Q. 13, to
chinh giQ quyen sung Td'ng dd'c, sau dd mdi tQ Bd 30 (ban chQ Han). Nguyen van chQ Han la Tran
chinh dUOc thang len thu Tuan phu vin quyen sung LQu Tue. TQ thang gieng nam Tan SQu, nien hieu
Tdng ddc (chQ khdng phai la Td'ng ddc thQc thu).
Thanh Thai 13 (1901), de tranh mieu hieu cua vua
(19). Ve pham ham, Ta, HQu Tham tri ngang Due DQc (Hoang khao cua vua Thanh Thai) nen
nhau nhQng ve chQc Ta Tham tri cao hdn HQu Tran LQu Hue dd'i la Tran LQu Tue.
Tham tri.
(38). Nam Tu DQc thQ 7 (1854) quy djnh ve
(20), (21), (22), (23). Qudc SQ quan trieu Trieu phuc quan huu tri nhQ sau:
Nguyln: Dqi Nam thiic luc, (De ngu ky), tap IX,
TQ nay ve sau, pham cac quan chQc van vd tudi
sdd, tr. 136, 208, 221-264, 274.
den 70 dQgc ve hQu tri, trQ ngQdi nao bi cQdng che
(24). Qudc trieu Hiiang khoa luc chep la trQdng ve hQu, hoae giang ca'p cung hign giang tQ 5 pham
thi Ha Nam - Ninh Binh, sdd, tr. 485.
den each luu cung cac quan khdng du vao dinh
(25). Tai lieu da din, tr. 162.
thin, ben van Tdng tam pham, ben vd Chanh tam

(26), (27), (28), (29), (30), (31). Qudc sQ quan pham trd xuo'ng, quan phuc deu khdng cho mang
trieu Nguyen: Dqi Nam thiic luc, (Dg ngu ky), tap theo, cdn cac quan van vd dinh thin b Kinh cung
IX, sdd, tr. 305, 313 - 314, 353, 363, 425, 447.
ben van a'n quan TQ pham lam viec b Bo, b Ndi
(32). Ndi cac trieu Nguyln: Khdm dinh Dqi cac, cung cac quan van Tam pham, vd Tdng nhi
Nam Hqi dien sU le tuc bien, tap 1, sdd, tr. 107.
pham khong du dinh thin, De ddc, Phu doan, Phu.
Qudc SQ quan trieu Nguyln: Dqi Nam thiic thQa 0 phu ThQa Thien, cac quan ngoai Kinh nhu
luc, (De ngu ky), tap XIX, sdd, tr. 261.
Td'ng dd'c, Tuin phu, De doc, Bd chinh, An sat,
(33). Qudc SQ quan trieu Nguyen: Dqi Nam Chanh, Phd lanh binh nguyen bd quan phuc dai
thiic luc Chinh bien, De luc ky Phu bien, Q2, td 20 trieu dUOc ban cap xin dugc cho mang theo minh,
(ban chQ Han).
den ngay mat chuan cho dQdc liem theo... (Khdm
(34). Day la chQc vu cao cap hang thQ hai sau dinh Dqi Nam Hqi dien sii le tuc bien, tap 4, Nxb.
Can chanh Dai hoc si, Van Minh dign Dai hoc si, Khoa hgc xa hdi, Ha Ndi, 2005, tr. 122 - 123).
Vd Hien dien Dai hgc si, Ddng cac Dai hoc si, ddng
(38). Qudc SQ quan trieu Nguyln: Dai Nam thQc
de gia ham cho cac quan dai thin. Hiep bien Dai luc Chinh bien De luc ky Phu bien; Q. 9, td 25 (ban
hoc si ham Tdng Nha't pham van ban, cao thu chQ Han). Quy djnh nay cu the nhQ sau: Cap che cac
vien phu Phu chinh, than dai thin mdi thang 500
Vinh loc Dai phu.


Than the, sir nghiep cua Bong cac.

Si

ddng; Hiep bien, Thudng thu sung Cd mat vien dai dang la Bieu DQc Bdi tinh; TQ dang la Minh Nghia
than mdi thang 150 ddng; Luc bo ThUOng thu mdi Bgi tinh, Ngu dang la Gia Thign Bdi tinh. Nganh

thang 100 ddng; Tham tri mdi thang 70 ddng; vo gdm: Nhat ding la Trac Di bdi tinh; Nhi dang la
Chanh Tam pham Thi lang mdi thang 50 ddng; Thu Huan Bdi tinh; Tam ding la Tinh Nang Boi
Tdng Tam pham linh Thi lang hoae Bign ly moi tinh; TQ ding la TQdng Trung Bgi tinh; Ngu ding
thang 45 ddng... Pham ham cua cu Tran Luu Hue la Khuyen Cdng Bdi tinh.
la Nhat pham nhung chQc ngang ThUOng thu nen
Dieu lg ve Long Tinh vign cd 11 dieu, trong do:
luong bong hang thang la 100 ddng.
Den nam Thanh Thai thQ 2 (1890), Long tinh
(39). Qudc SQ quan trieu Nguyen: Dqi Nam thiic khdc 4 chQ Han Dqi Nam Hodng devk dung mau
luc Chinh bien De luc ky Phu bien; Q. 9, td 25 (ban bai che nhu sau:
chQ Han). Quy dinh nay cu the nhu sau: Cap cho cac
ThQa Thien hQng van
vien phu Phu chinh, than dai than moi thang 500
Hoang de che viet; Qudc gia hau thUdng la bad
ddng; Hiep bien, ThUdng thu sung Cd mat vien dai dap day du cho ngQdi cd cdng lao. Nay dac biet
than mdi thang 150 ddng; Luc bo ThUdng thu mdi thudng cho (ten quan chQc, chQc vu ...) Long tinh
thang 100 ddng; Tham tri mdi thang 70 ddng; (hang...) de td long sung ai dac biet. Kham tai!
Chanh Tam pham Thi lang moi thang 50 ddng;
Ngay thang nam d Kinh do nUdc Dai Nam
Tdng Tam pham linh Thi lang hoae Bien ly mdi
Kinh dgc: L l bd ThUdng thu ....
thang 45 ddng... Pham ham cua cu Tran Luu Hug
(Ngudn: Khdm dinh Dqi Nam Hoi dien sU le
la Nhat pham nhung chUc ngang ThUdng thu nen tuc bien, tap 1, Nxb. Giao due, Ha Noi, 2004, tr.
ludng bo'ng hang thang la 100 ddng.
I l l - 113).
(40). Td dau ciia sach ghi ro: Thdnh Thdi thap
(44). Qudc SQ quan trieu Nguyen: Dqi Nam
luc nien tii nguyet thdp ngu nhdt Trdn Liiu Tue thiic luc Chinh bien De luc ky Phu bien, Q, 19, td
phung bien trinh (tQc ngay 15 thang 4 nam Thanh 11 (ban chQ Han).

Thai thQ 16 1904). Tai ligu nay hign luu giQ tai
(45). Ban dich cua NguySn Quang Hdng - Vien
Trung tam LQu trQ Qudc gia I (Ha Ndi).
Nghien cQu Han Nom.
(41). Ky higu kho sach Vien Nghien cQu Han
(46). Theo Gia pha cho biet: phan md ciia dng d
Ndm VHv 43/1 - 2. Ngudn: Di sdn Hdn Ndm - Thii lang Nhan Muc huyen Thanh Tri, tinh Ha Ndi
muc de yeu, tap 3, Nxb. Khoa hgc xa hgi, Ha Ngi, (nay thugc phudng Nhan Chinh, quan Thanh
1993, tr. 89 - 90.
Xuan, Thanh phd Ha Ndi).
(42). Chau ban trieu Nguyen: de ngay 21 thang
(47). Theo tai lieu cua Cue LQu trQ dia chinh,
12 nam Thanh Thai thQ 6 (1894) [td 202, tap 21]. trong quyen dia ba ky hieu 03 (81) Ha Dong,
(43). Long Bdi tinh:
Thanh Tri, KhQdng Dinh "102" khu ruong cd sd
Trang tri kieu hoa van dang rdng, hai ben trai thQ tQ 433, mang sd hieu 472, dien tich 1080m
la nghi trQdng cua nude Dai Nam... Boi tinh phan nim 5 dia phan lang Chinh Kinh, ten chu da't
chia lam hai nganh van va vd; mdi nganh phan Tran LQu Can (chau ndi cu Trin LQu Hue). Phin
lam 5 bac. Nganh van: Nha't dang la Khdi Ky bdi mg cua cu Trin LQu Hug dugc xay cit trong khu
rudng nay.
tinh; Nhi dang la ChUdng Hien Bdi tinh; Tam
2