Stand out 1 grammar challenge

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Stand Out

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Grammar
Challenge
TMOIVISOIM
HEIIMLE
*

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Í o • Siny.ipore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States

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Our Comtnunfty

CHALLENGE 2 * Prepositions of direction and location
On, at, ir, from, around, across from
He lives on my street

Gabriela's famüy lives in Buenos Aires.

The bus station is on Grand Street

The tennis courts are in the park.

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The post office ¡s on the right.

There's a dentist's office in the malí.

The garage is on the córner.

From the office, go straight on Linden.

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l'm at work/home/school.

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The bank is around the córner from
the supermarket.

Are you at the post office?

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He's at 25 Main Street.

The library is across from City Hall.

Write the best preposition (around, across from, on, at, in, or from) to complete the
sentences. There may be more (han one answer.

EXAMPLE:

We likc the gardens

in

1. Do you likc the bookstore

the malí?

2. My family uves

México City.

3. The DMV is

the umier trom hini.

8. They are

sehool today.

10.

work.

.

11. \Ve work

a small town?

6. Picase meet me

7. She lives

9. l,s your school __^___._

Third Avenue.

4. Cinbriela's not here. Shc is
5. Do vou live .

the park.

12. I work

the restauran!.

the leíl?

my housc, L;O strai^hl.
_._ 1 4 NUiple Street.
the park.

J Match the sentence on the left vwth a picture on the right. Write the letter ín the blank.

I-XAMPLE: The square is bctween two circles. j?
1. The square goes to the right.

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2. The eirele moves to the left.
C.

3. The eircle is on the córner.
D.

4. The arrow gocs around the córner.

E.
5. The square is across froni the eircle.

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UNIT

5

Our Communíty
Review: Subjec:t/verb agreement

CHALLENGE 1

5

1 am
late.•
I•
late? •
1 am waiting.
•
•
•IsAm
•
• She
He is late.
he late?
¡s waitíng.
They are late.

Are they late?

1

i
t

Are you waiting?
Is she waiting?
Are we waiting?

We are waiting.

o-

Simple present tense
1 like music.
We don't have your phone number.
Do you know Marcia?
Where do they Uve?
•
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He likes music.
She doesn't have your phone number.
Does he know Marcia?
Where does she live?

The third person singular usually adds an s to the verb.
Use does for negative and questíon forms in the third person singular.
Use do with 1, you, we, and they.
Non-count nouns take a singular verb.
Some milk is in the refrigerator.
Her hair is straight.
Music makes me happy.

»¿J Write the correct form of the verb be in each sentence.
¡•'.XAMIM.li:

Thcre

1.

Mv tricnd

2.

Thcv

3.

\Vc

-J.

The post office

3.

1 ío\ much

6.

l'hosc stores

Js

a inuscum next to thc post office.
waitinu on the córner.

7. Who

rcadini; (he eitv map.

8. (jabriela'.s phone numbcr

standiiiü on the riuht.

9.

next to the hostel.

the cotice?

the nackaee tor?

I on O.ik StreiM?

10.

vou wntiiiü a lelterí"

1 1. Thcre

on Main Street.

hcre.

1 2.

mail lor vou.

\w much

tríese shocs?

^j9 Write the correct form of the verb in parentheses in each sentence. Be careful of
spelling changes.
•XAMIM H:

f p a v ) 1 ahvavs

pay

1.

(sell, ne^ative) Dexter Books

2.

l s t . i v ) Mv hoss rarelv

3.

¡ y o ) \Vhere

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(be, nenativc; 1 ler hair

T.

( cali) Mv niother

(S.

( keep } In Japan, people

7.

:li\\'i

S.

( teaJí) Mv broiher

cash at the supennarkct.

maps.
in a hotel.

vou usuallv

shonniíii:'
brown.

me everv Sundav.
monev at the post office
the líamire/ tamilv

in Buenos Aires?
second ^ratle.

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Housíng

CHALLENGE 8

Parts of speech

Part of speech

Definítion

Examples

noun

a person, place or thing

Roberto, México, house, cat

adjective

a word that describes a noun

blue, tall, expensive, heavy

verb

an action or a state of being

is, have, do, eat

• Sometimes a word can be both a noun and a verb.

I want a cold drink. (noun)
i drink coffee in the morning. (verb)

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Complete each sentence about grammar with the word nouns, verbs, or adjectives.

I'.XAMI'l.h:

Wc usu.illv add an s to __ ___ nouns

1.

liave d i l i e r e n t tenses.

2.

Anieles come bel ore

.í.

„

•}.

.
agree w i t h tlie subject of the sentence.

.

have comparativo forms.

5.
0>.

to make them p l u r a l .

describe nouns.
\Ve can add \ to

__

tu f o r m a posscssive ,id)ecti\'e.

m¿J Identify the underlined parts of speech: adjective (a), noun (n), or verb (v).
KXAMI'I.H:

n
v
a
n
Sonie i e o k sK^e^ in a l a r o hixiroom.

lib; LLlilk:^? d i i m e r in the kitchen.
2. My hn-.u]ic_r takes a sh(vwer in the smail bathrooni.
3. The house has ílve beelrooms.
4. The white oír is in the green garage.
5. The mover pul the cofiee table in the haU.
d. The brollicrs n_eed to bu y lurnitiire for the honsc.
7. lohii and jan_e \vant tu reñí a iiew house but it is very expensive.

S. The cat is under the sufa in the l i v i n q ro_orn.


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UNIT

4

Housing

CHALLENGE 7

Prepositions
Prepositions

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The ball is in the box.

The ball ¡s between two boxes,

The ball is on the box.

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The ball ¡s over the box.

The ball ¡s under the box.

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The ball is in front of the box.

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The ball is behind the box.

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The ball ¡s next to the box. Q

Use prepositions to talk about where thíngs are.

Complete the sentences with a preposition from the chart above.
I - X A M 1 M 1':

Tlie eloek is over the desk. The dc.sk is

under

the dock.

I. The ch.nr is bebí mi llu' table. The lable ¡s

the chair.

1. The book is umler (he lamp. The lamp is

the book.

.'<.

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The sdf.i is unJer the p.iintini;. '['lie p.nntini; is

the sota.

I'he sola is ne\ lo tlie lamp. The lamp is ncxt to the table. The lamp is

the sofá

and the lable.

Complete the sentences with the best preposition.
A
HNAMIM.h:

VVhi-re is ( " a r m e n ? Slie is

_ (he.livinsí room.

(he l e t r i ^ e r a t o r .

A. in

B. on

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A. in

B. over

Q

Q

1.

U'lK'iv is ihe i !(K LMfs

2.

\\'here is ihe teiepiíoneí' It\_ tlie l'\ aiul the coniputer.

A. between

B. over

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\\Iu-iv is the :rash t a n r ll\_ ihe lab e.

A. over

B. tinde:

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\ V h e i e is t h e l.uiipr ll\e sola.

5.

U'hetv .iré t h e !lm\ei sM'he\ are _

(t.

\\1iere are tiie shoes? I lie\ are

A. between
l lie piano.
(he bed.

B

B. next v

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Q

O

A. t)n

B. bctwt'vr.

O

O

A. over

B. undc:

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UNIT

4

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Housing

CHALLENGE 6 *- Wh- questions with present continuous tense
Question word

Verb

Subject

Verb + -ing

¿Example

What

am

1

doing?

What am 1 doing?

Where

is

he/she/it

going?

Where is she going?

Who

are

you/we/they

calling?

Who are you calling?

Unscramble the words to make wh- questions.
What is she doing?

l-XAMPLE: is / she / doing / what
1. is / wearing / what / she

2. tiiey / what / watching / are
3. waiting / I / why / am
4. you / are / where / staying
5. going / where / she / is

6. the / writing / is / who / letter
7. you / where / living / are

8. are / you / what / saying
9. exercisc / is / who / doing / the

10. where / working / they / are

Write questions for the answers provided.

F.XAMPLE: What
1. What

She is wtMring a retí auit.

is she weariny?

;

! ,im painting the house.

2. Who

They are ailliiii; their pareñís.

3. Where

We are going to the rnoviev

4. What

He is eating ,1 sandwich.

5. Where

I am staying ¡n Xew York.

6. Why

They are studying 1-jnglish because
they want to go to eollege.

7. What

Yon are renting an apartment.

8. What

lie is buving a new house.

9. Who

They are talking to an agenl.

10. What

She is lookiim at the ad.


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UNIT

Housíng

4

CHALLENGE 5 - Yes/no questions with present continuous tense
Statement

Question

Answer

l'm studying hard.

Am 1 studyíng hard?

Yes, you are.

No, you aren't.

You're working late.
We're waiting for him.
They're making a budget

Are you working late?
Are we waiting for him?
Are they making a budget?

Ves, 1 am.
Yes, we are.
Yes, they are.

No, l'm not.
No, we aren't.
No, they aren't.

He's calling his brother.
She's writing a letter.
It's playing outside.

Is he calling his brother?
Is she writing a letter?
Is it playing outside?

Yes, he is.

Yes, she ¡s.
Yes, it is.

No, he isn't.
No, she isn't.
No, it isn't

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Write pronouns and the correct form of the verb be. Use contractions if possíble.
KXAMPI.K:

Is

No,

Rieko rcading a newspaper?
she isn't

.

5fte"5

reading a book.

Roberto checking the phone bilí?

calculating the Utilities bilí.

No,

Mr. and Mrs. Smith looking at the classified ads?
.

Ves,
3.

dreaming about a new home.

we choosing new life insuranec?

'

No,

_______

4.
Yes,
5.

.

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choosing new car ¡nsurance.

I making a lot o i" noise?
_____ . Picase be quict. I

studying.

the cat sleeping in the window?
sleeping under the coffee tablc.

No,
o.

you and your husband renting an apartment?
.

_

buying a mobile home.

Use the words to form questions in the present continuous.
HXAMlM.r.:

you / go / to the park

1.

the mailman / walk / up the driveway

2.

you / put / tooil / in the refrigerator

3. Van / eheek / the budgel
4.

Carmen / make / an appointment

?.

thev / enlcrtain / guests

fi.

we / bu\ / a housc

Are vou Qoina to the park?


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4

Housfng

CHALLENGE 4 > Negative form and contractions with present continuous
Explanatíon
Example

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Add not after the verb be to form the
negative of the present continuous.

u'nd
wor ' *

1 am not

Silvia is not
are not

.
to the negative form of be

one form, but the other pronouns have two.
Contraction 2
1
l'm not
He's not
isn't
She's not
isn't
She is not
It isn't
It is not
You're not
You aren't
You are not
We're not
We aren't

Complernent
making a budget.
renting an apartment.
talking to her sister.
eating today.
listening to me.
thinking about it.

looking for a house.

Rewrite each sentence ¡n the negative using the pronoun ¡n pa.entheses.
Use the ful! form.
XAMPI.K:

not calling their friends.

Sheiscallmgherfnend.íthey)

W c a r L - m a k i n g ciinncrtonight. (he)
• He iseating lunch, (you)
V lamsta.Klingonthebalconv.(she)
I Y o u a r c h a v i n g a p a r t v . (O
,. T h e y a r e s e l l m g t h e i r e o m l o m i m u m . l w e ;
i the pool, (it)
3 Rewrite each sentence using Contraction 2.
^1PLE : I an, no, calculating my expenses.

jM*WMmy

,. XVc are not making more money these days.
1. She is not making an appomtment.
*. T"h7v m- not talking on the front P«rch.
,

not

choosingfurniíure for the ncw house.

, Yugare not painting the kitchcn.

expenses,


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UNIT

Housíng

4

CHALLENGE 3 > Spelling of present continuous
Verb

Spelling rule

Present

Present continuous

most verbs

Add -ing.

work

working

verbs that end in e

Drop the e and add -íng. write

one syllable verbs that end in
consonant-vowel-consonant

Double the consonant
and add -ing.

sit

writing
sitting

Exception: Don't double
w, x, and y.

buy

buying

verbs w¡th more than one syllable that
end in consonant-vowel-consonant
and the stress ís on the last syllable

Double the final
consonant, and add
-ing.

admit

admitting

verbs that end in ie

Change the ie to y and
add -íng.

lie

lying

£•

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It's the end of the month. Silvia and Roberto are taking care of their finances.
Fíll in the blanks with the present continuous forra of the verbs in parentheses.

-QfeJoJung-

I-XAMl'Li;: Silvia and Roberto

care of their monev iodav.

(take)

Roberto is at the bank. He

some moncy in his savings account.
(1. dc'posil)
money out ot hi.s checkinij account. The bank is busy todav.'A lot of people

He
. t.ikc

in line. Two bank cmployees
ü. w.ni)
acaumts. A man and a woman

the d i t t e r c n t kinds of bank
(4.

about credit cards. Roberto
'(-,. i l n n k )

about his expenses.
Silvia is at lióme. She and her son

at the kitchen table. Sbe
IS. paví

some u t i l i t v bilis. Rii;ht now she

the phone bilí. It's high i b i s monlh.
(9.

her. 1 le

I ler son

___ the cosí ot phone calis to México.

( I I . cakuLitc
for a cheaper phone company.

He

Write the correct spelling of the present continuous form of the verb.
HXAMPI.K:
1. open
2.

Jiop

3. deposit

happen

happening
4.
5.
(•>.

forget
remembcr
listen

7.

\-isit

«•

tif

9.

liej;i]i

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Housing

CHALLENGE 2 > Present continuous

•C:^^! Subject
w
1
He/She/lt
IYou/We/íhey

I

Be

Vefb + ing

am
is

waiting.
sleeping.

are

working.

Examples:
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1 am (l'm) saving money.
He is (He's) talking to a friend.
She is (She's) paying the rent
t i s (It's) barking outside.

You are (You're) entertaining guests.
We are (We're) painting the room.
They are (They're) looking at the ad.

The present continuous describes activities or states that are continuing now.
Don't use the present continuous with non-action verbs:
like, love, hate, understand, know, need, want, have.
Some exceptions: l'm havingfun.
She is having breakfast They are having a party.

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Write the correct form of the present continuous in the story about Silvia,

EX •\MPLE:

l :
l ;.
l <

(do) I

íwork) I.
>

am WQltíng.
}',

M »iv desk.

mv Enulish homework ri^hl now.

(look) Mv desk is ncar the window. I
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íplav) Some childryn

oul the window now.
socar m me park.

(waitl A man añd,a woman
íwash) Mr. Acfamí
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(sleen) A doc ' f
/

tor the bus.
his car.
on the neighbor's porch.

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j Read the story about Roberto' s moving day. Rewrite each sentence with a pronoun,
making a contraction with be as in the example.

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EX \MPL)Eí Silviaanp I are moving to the new apartment.
1.

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4.

Yon and T nro nuttfnp fiírnifnrp in the livinp room.
Some friendo are hrlnitip me.
Jnnn is .-arrvinn henvy bmces un the st,iir«;
r.nrln i^ piittillí' rlnthcs in her bp^rrtnm

Silvia and her mother are making a líst.

6.

My cousins are fixing a lamp.
The doo is looking for its favorite sofá.

8. M\ familv and I are enjoying our new home.

IVe'femowno ío the new apartment.


UNIT

4

Housing

CHALLENGE 1

There is, there are

Example

Explanation

There is furniture in the apartment.
There's a car in the garage.

Use there ís with singular count nouns
and non-count nouns.
There's is the contraction for there is.

There are schools in the neighborhood.

Use there are with plural nouns.

• Use there is and there are to introduce new topics into a conversation and to talk about
where things are. There is and there are are often used with prepositional phrases.
Question

Answer

Is there a car ¡n the garage?
Are there schools in the neighborhood?

Yes, there ís.
Yes, there are.

x How many schools are there?

No, there isn't
No, there aren't.

There are three schools.

• Questions with there is and there are can have short answers.
• Use there are with how many to ask for ¡nformation.

Carmen is talking to a real estáte agent Write questions and short answers with
there is and there are to complete the conversation.
1LXAMPI.E: Carmen: I low many bedrooms _

Agent:
1.

Agent:

_ a garage?
No,

3. Carmen:
Agent:

'

Yes,

.n .
a lot of families.

dogs in the building?
No,

. You can't kcep pcts.

a park near the apartment?
Yes,

Carmen:

. ít has a swimming pool.
furniture in the apartment?

Agent:

No,

Carmen:

I want lo see the apartment.

Agent:

("orne soon.

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children in the building?

('armen:
Agent:

a carport.

. It's vcry big.

Yes,

5. C,'armen:
Agent:

. Ikit _
a balcony?

Carmen:
Agent:

7.

thrce bedrooms.

two bathrooms.

2. Carmen:

(i.

?

Carmen: How many bathrooms are there?
Agent:

4.

There are

are there

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. You need to buy furniture.
many people lookíng at it.


UNIT

Food
CHALLENGE 8 ^ Questions with or

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Question

Answer

Do you bríng your lunch or (do you) buy your lunch?

We buy our lunch.

Does she walk to the store or (does she) drive to the store?

She walks to the store.

Does she like potatoes or (does she Hke) tomatoes?

She likes potatoes.

Do they use credit cards or (do they use) cash?

They use cash.

Use or in questions to give a choice and clarify information.

VÍV Complete the questions using the words in parentheses.
EXAMPLE: (mustard / ketchup) Do you want

_ on your hot dog?

1. (tómalo / chicken) Do you want
2. (hoiled / fried) Do you like
3. (hot / iccd) Do you want
4.

(buy / makc) Do you

9 Wríte questions using the words in parentheses.
EXAMPLE: they / eat / eggs / cereal / for breakfast
Do they eat eygs or cereal for breakfast?

1. the childrcn / want / ketchup / mustard / on their hamburgers
2. Tran / go / to a restauran! / to the cafeteria / for lunch
3. Sebastien and Robcrt / eat / lunch / together / alone
4. she / heat / water / on the stove / in the microwave
5. Duong / hate / coffee / love / coffee

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mustard or ketchup

6. Dave / eat / a big breakfast / a small breakfast

soup?
potatoes?
lea?

your lunch?


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UNIT

Food
CHALLENGE 7

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How much? How many?

Example

Explanation

How much coffee do we have?
How many cookies do we have?

Use how much and how many to ask about amounts.
Use much for non-count nouns and many for
count nouns.

Q:
A:
Q:
A:
Q:

A:

Use how much to ask about prices.
Use is and it with singular nouns and non-count nouns.
Use are and they with plural nouns.

How much is a ham sandwich?
It is (It's) $3.50.
How much is the bread?
It's $2.00.
How much are the oranges?
They are (They're) 50 cents each.

FíU in the blanks with How much or How many.
liXAMIM.ll:

tíowmany

— _ ^Ps of coffee do you drink?
fruit does she want?
m i l k does your daughter drink?

3.

inoney do yon spend on food?

4.

vending machines are therc?
time do we have to eat?

bottles of water does she necd?
sandwiches do yon make?
sonp does she want?

8.

Write /s or are in the questions about Food City. Write i'f's or they're in the answers.
EXAMPUi: Hmv m u c h

/5

the yogurt?

It's

$2.00 a cartón.

1. I low nnich

the onions?

$2.50 a hag.

2.

I ¡inv much _

the niilkí

$2.00 a gallón.

3.

[ low much _

tlie cereal?

$2.40 a box.

4. i low much

cookies?

$1.00 each.

5. How much _

those paper hays?

free!

(i. I low much ___

that Liicuinher?

40 cents.

7.

the orante juice?

$4.00 a cartón.

those c.ins ot lima?

85 cents each.

I low much

.S. ! low much

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CHALLENGE 6 í Imperatives

eo^

V *•

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¿*&Y(b

K ^^1 Use imperatives...

Affirmative

Negative

|

Choose a number.

Don't bou the potatoes.

to give instructions.
to make a request
(Add please to be polite.)

Buy milk, please.

Don't eat ¡n the library, please.

to make a command.

Eat your vegetables.

Don't put your feet on the table.

• When using the imperatíve, the subject you is understood.

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1 Choose a verb frpm the box to complete the sentences. Use the negative form
when indicated. More than one answer is often possible.
read
hclp
don't take

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EXA V1PLE:

listen
write
don't cook
Help

1.

don't put
don't eat

ask
don't use
cut

vour sister make dinner.

the server about the menú.

6.

candv all d.iv.

the shopping list.

7.

the carrots in half.

my bowl.

8.

a check for the food.
the dog to the restauran!.

1

Í

•

4.

to your parents.

.

9.

1

5.

eggs in the microwave.

10.

pennies in the vendinti machine.

I Silvia is getting ready for a party. Read the instructions she gives her children.
Fill in the imperatives. Use the negative form when indicated.
EXA V1FLE:

Don't watch
(watch, negative)

TV now.

d vour help. Please
I nee

the rué and
(1. vacuum)

•

\our rooms.
(2. clean)

the slacks in the living room.

eggs, milk and bread.

conv ;nience store.

(7. Pee!)
and
(lO.wash)

sorne prettv napkins.

•l%tr
m UNIT 3

the lettuce first. Then
(ll.drain)

( 1 3. use, negative}
on some nice clothes.
(15. put)

}

•

the potatoes.
(S.whip)

the blue plates. Use the white plates.

the table.
( 1 2. set)
JP

and

to Food Citv.
(6.go)
a salad.

the food at the

(5. buy, negative)

(4. buy)

(9. make}

(3. eat, ncyative)

(14. choose)


Food

CHALLENGE 5

Comparative adjectives

Rule

Simple form

Comparative form

One syllable adjectives: add -er

cheap

Apples are cheaper than oranges.

Other adjectives with two syllables
or more: add more

expensive

Food City is more expensive than
Puente Market.

Exceptions

good

This cake is better than that cake.

bad

The food ¡s worse than the sen/ice.

For one '¿yllable adjectives, add -r
if the adjective already ends ¡n e.

large

The blue plates are larger than
the yellow plates.

For words that end in consonant +
vowel + consonant, double the
last letter and add -er.

thin

l'm thinner than my mother.

Spelling changes:

• Use the comparative form of adjectives to compare two people or things.
• The comparative has two forms: (adjective) + -er than or more (adjective) than.

•

Some students are taiking about the food at school. Write the comparative form of
the adjective.
\a,

c\

more delidous

KXAM1MT.: (deliciou.s) The sp.ighelti i.s

jr

expensive) Roast beef is .1

t

I 1 " •

2, (che.ip) Tho pótalo chips aro

than the fruit cup.

•t. (lari;e) The cheeseburger is

than the hamburger.

5. I i;oiul) The tood is

at lunch trun aujinner.

fi. ¡Í1ÍLX') Tliu (aillos musido aro

_^_^^_ than the tablcs inside.'

7. (bii:) The sodas in the cafoloi'ia aro

than the sodas from tho vendmg machij

N. í p n l i t e ) llio servers he re aro

than ihe servcrs at m^-nther school.

(sweot ) This oandv is

than/thal candy.

10. (batí) This oatoioria is terrible. TWe p¡//a i.s
sinall) Tho portions aro ._
(hot) Tho coltoo in tho oatot

f

than the French-tfu's.

3. ( t r e s h ) l'he salad

l).

'

than hot

/

/

/

than the spághetti.
lunch than at dinncr.
cotfee

n

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Food
CHALLENGE 4 >• Review: Yes/no questions with be and simple
present tense
Statement

Question

Short Answer

You put mustard on hot dogs.
He puts mustard on hot dogs.

Do you put mustard on hot dogs?
poes he put mustard on hot dogs?

Yes, 1 do.
No, he doesn't.

The jar is open.
The bananas are good.

Is the jar open?
Are the bancas good?

No, it isn't
Yes, they are.

Províde the correct verb and a short answer for each question. Use contractions if
possible.

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I'XAMPLE:
_

Is

the cartón of yogurt in the refrigerator?

"íes, Jtjs.

Duong eat a big lunch?

Ves,

Scbastien and Natasha in the cafeteria?

No,

3. _^_^_ you and your fricnds eat beef?

Ves,

4.

F.va at the supermarket?

No,

5.

Rosa drink coffee at night?

No,

.. you eat breakfast with your family?

No,

7. ____^ it a good idea to bring your lunch?

Ves,

6.

the bags of pótalo chips for the party?

8.

Ves,

Use the words to form a question. Use be as the main verb if no verb is given.
F.XAMPLFS:

avocados / cxpensive / in winter

Are avocados expensive in winter?

your children / eat / vegetables

Do your children eat vegetables?

1. the tacos / come V/ with salsa
2. the ingredients / on the table.
3. I / peed / more rrjoncy / for dinner
' ' i - —*-

i •'.

4. Van / need./ a bottle of water
5. the box of cookies / cnipty
6. the eggs / fresh


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J

Food
CHALLENGE 3

Review: Simple present tense
Simple present tense

1
You
We
They

want milk.

wants milk.

He
She
It

1
You
We
They

1

don't want milk.

He
She
It

doesn't want milk.

i
3
3

•a

i

!I
1
»

Choose the correct word to complete each sentence. Fill in the correct bubble
completely.
A

A M l ' l I:.:

Siie

Piiong
i

_. ... m i l k in her eol'tee.
l u i u l i ¡rom a truel;

cookics at lióme.

We

m i l k lor our u>l!ee.

Sehaslien and 1 hioni;

out.

her Jiildren eandy.
a s a i l d u u h to sJiool.
ihe \eiulim; maehine.
h e a l l l i v kinehev

A . put

B . puts

A •grt

B • gcts

A . don't ha ve

B . doesn't ha ve.

A . buy

B . buys

A . don't cat

B. doesn't eat

A . don't give

B . doesn't give

A . take

B . takes

A . use

B. uses

A . choose

B . ehooses

A . don't need

B . doesn't need

A . peel

B . peéis

n of the present tense given.
K N A M P I F:
!.

tifairflike

( l i k e , n c ^ a t i v e ) Mv molher and I

her makc dinner.

' help ' < iahriela's hu^hand

1. u;o! Auiuistm .._ .. _.. ._
*.

( ha ve, ilegal i\! '! h i s lee ere.MU

4.

i \ v a i n , iK'u.itr, e • \ \

¡o P u e n t e Market on Sunday.
nuts.

ketchup on our chee.seburgers.

?. í m a k c ! Koberto aiul lus J i i l d r e n
".

pa\-, ne^a! i \ • \ \

_

_

7. • sel!) The km Ji mu K

MI.

i neeil, ilegal i\
hoii ¡ IV,ni

dinner on Salurday.
._.

_ _

•s. ' h a v e ; 1
1 J.

laxes o n l o o d .

_

taeos.

m : J k w i t h my eookies.
i lu '.

eucumbers.

_

_ a new reír i pera tor.

e•.;;.;> l o r lu

O

B

•
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
oo

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Food

CHALLENGE 2 * Contamers and portions
Example

Explanation

A cartón of eggs is in the refrigerator.
Two cartons of eggs are in the refrigerator.
A bottle of milk ís in the refrigerator.
Two bottles of milk are in the refrigerator.

Food and drinks come in different
containers that can be counted.
The verb agrees with the container and
not the item or Ítems inside the container.

a slice of pizza, a loaf of bread,

a piece of cake, a cup of coffee,
a bowl of soup, a píate of food

Servings and portíons are countable.

A slice of pizza is ¿2.00.
Two slices of pizza are $4.00.

Fill in the blanks with a container from the box. There may be more than one answer
cartón
KXAMPLE: a

jar

bottle

package

box

2. a

8. a

3. a

of gum

9. a

4. a

of ctfili sauce
^.~ ..,.. 1Ü. a
of water
J s^~~^ ^ 1 1 . a
orcookies
v
'^>*K:-a --^

5,

a

6, a

bag

ofmustard

of pótalo chips
of ice cream

1. a

jar

7. a

of nnnts

oí p¡L'klcs
oí
o!
ot
ot

What is on the table? Follow the pattern to mak
F.XAMPLES: cartón / milk
two / bag / apples
1. thrce / package / ground meat
2. two / jar / peanut butter
3. package / cheese
4. two / bag / chips
5. six / slíce / pizza
6. two / bowl / potatoes
7. jar / spaghetti sauce
8. four / bottle / cola
9. piale / roast beef
10. two / cup / tea

A cartón of milk is on the
Two bags of apples aréon the tatffe.

ccie.il
nia\'onnaisc
vomirt
oniom

no number is given.

I

UNIT

Food
CHALLENGE 1

Count and non-count nouns

Example

Explanation

An apple is on the table.
Apples are delícious.

Count nouns are things that are sepárate (you can count
them). They have a singular and a plural form.
The verb must agree w'rth the subject

Bread is on the table.
Bread is deücious.

Non-count nouns are objects that you cannot count
because they are seen as one thing.
They always take a singular verb.

Some common non-count nouns are foods and drinks.
bread

rice
yogurt
soda
cereal
coffee
water
fruit
mustard
salt
sugar
juice
meat
milk
butter

margarme
spaghetti
gum

Other cornmon non-count nouns:
money
hair

time
homework

paper
mail

snow

furniture

music
news

fun
love

^m9 Circle the correct verb.
UXAMIMT: The .e real (í y/ are in the bowl.
1. The ne\vs is.¿_are on televisión lunv.
2. Mv hnmework is ' ,ire ünished.
3. The mail i.s__arc not here yel.

-1. The newspapers is./^arc outside.
5. Is / A r e the fruit in the refrigéralo!'?
f>. Hovv many bananas is_/are in the bow!?

\¿p Circle the correct word for each sentence b*;low. (Hínt: Use much for non-count
and many for count nouns.)
[•XAMÍ'1.1 :
1.

\\'e don'! hear much ''nuisic ./ snn^s.

1 lo\ much looii / d i x h e s do ihev liaveí

2. ! don't llave manv luí mtnre / chairs.
3.

I don t ha\ IIHK ¡i nmnev ' ^ o i n s .

4.

She doesn't get manv mai! / letters.

5. I have too much homework / exercises.
6.
Thev don't eat much bread / sandwiches.

^¿9 Write. o or an in front of singular count nouns. Write 0 if the noun is non-count.
l'.XAMl'IT: She eats
1. 1 need
2. I)a\eha.s
3. ! Hnnu; eats

an

apple evcry da y.

(une.
sand\Meh tur luiuh.
rué \Mth iiis mea U.

1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1

3. She puts
(S. I think
7. Make

railk on hcr cereal.
snow is beautiful.
shoppiíiii list befo re vou uo.

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UNIT

2

Let's Go Shopping

CHALLENGE 8 ^ Using the apostrophe
Example

Explanatíon

Its ñame is Sam. (the dog's ñame)

Use its to show possession.

Ifsonly lOdollars.

Adding an apostrophe to its changes the meaning.
If s ¡s a contraction for it is.

This is Van's money.

Sómetimes 's shows possession.

That's her bag.

Sometimes 's is a contraction for is.

w¿* Write its or i'f/s to complete the sentence.
l.XAMPLE: \Vhere is your new TV?
1. How mucb is it?

K's____

in the bedroom.

$25.

2. What a prctty cat. What is

ñame?

-*. _^_—^_ a good ¡dea to put money in the bank.
4. I don't like that dog.

teeth are big.

S. Look at the tree.

flowersarc pink and white.

the best convenience store in the city.
What does the 's mean? Write p for possession. Write is for a contraction with is.
HXAMPI.E; Shc's very tall.

is

1. The departmcnt store sells children's shoes.
2. That's not my checkered shirt.
3. Shc's my aunt. _
•1. Amy's baseball cap is red. ___________
5. He's not at home now.
6. Is that a men's store?
7. We shop at Martin's Departmcnt Store.
8. Wherc is the women's room?
9. That's a popular restaurant.
10. She's busy today.
1 1. The baby's shoes are cute.
12. Gabriela's bank is on Main Street.

UNIT 2


I

UNIT

Let's Go Shopping
CHALLENGE 7

j

Expressions with it

^

ÜÜI
1

Example

Explanation

How much is that sweater? It's $35.

It can refer to a previous noun.
It is also used in expressions to refer to:

What day is it? It's Tuesday.
What time is it? It's five o'clock.
How far is it to the library? It's about two miles.
It's sunny today.
It's a good idea to save money.
It's ¡mportant to check your account.

Day

Time
Distance
Weather
General rules
Advice

Complete the sentences below with It is (or It's) and the words in parentheses.
liXAMPLU: (importnnt) _/t/s_/mpotíf/flf

to ask about the price.
_ to put your money in a bank.
to havc too many credit cards.
to check your sales reccipts.

1. (a good idea!
2. f a liad ¡dea!
3. ( i m p o i t a ñ í )
..
4. (dam;crous! ________

to tend vour cash card to a friend.

J Complete the sentences below using It is (or K's) or Is it
HXAMIM.li:

It's

sunnv todav.

____
_. _ __ cold today? B: Ves, takc your winter coat.
2.
- __ ___ Janc's b i r t h d a y loday. Shc is 25.
3. A: ls lod.iv Tucsdav or \\Vdnesday? B:
_____
Tuesday.
4.
____
livc o'clock alivady! \Ve can yo home.
~\: How t a r _ ____ ____ _ lo the s t a t í o n ? H: Not far.

Complete the sentences below.
hXAMPLK: Thankini; your bos.s is ¡mportant.

It's important

I.

D r i n k i n g water everv day is very healtliy.
to d r i n k water cver
2. (\irryini; too much cash is dangerons.

da.

__ __._
___
_______ to carry too much cash.
3. ( ÜKxkini; your sales txxcipts is a i;ood ¡dea.
____ .__ _ _____ _ . .. __ ____ to check your sales receipts.

4. Í lavini; u>o r n a n v ^ r c L Ü t ,aixls is a bad idea.
_____ _ _ .._ ____ . . _ . . . ._ to liave too m.my credit cards.
3. Keepiíii; a reuiid ot \ o u r pinchases ¡s ¡ m p o r t a n t .
___ .___ _ _
___________
!o keep a record ot your purchases.

_ to thank your bo.ss.

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UNIT

Let's Go Shoppfng
CHALLENGE 6 > Adjectives and articles
Adjectives
[ need a green shirt.
I don't want a new dish.
The baseball cap is whíte.
The book is expensive.

I need green shirts.
I don't want new dishes.
The baseball caps are white.
The books are expensive.

• Adjectives describe nouns. They come before nouns or after the verb be.
• Adjectives don't have plural forms.

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Articles

It's á new coat.

1
1
1

1

1
1

1

1 .

1
"

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If s an oíd coat.

• Use a before a word that begins with a consonant.
• Use an before a word that begins with a vowel.
• If a vowel sounds like a consonant, use a, not an.
Ifs a used car.

t*
ff¿V Rewrite each sentence, inserting the adjectíve given.
EXAMPLE: It is a pcn. (blue)

5

/f's a blue oen.

1. Thev are shoes. (expensive)
2 . Thev are shorts, (grav)
3. It is a car. (used)
4 . It is a T-shirt. (largc)
5. Thev are computers. (chcap)
6. Thev are salespeople. fbusv)

f!k

1
Write a or an to complete the sentence.

EXAMPLE: Do vou need

a

new teicnhone?

1. This is

exoensive TV.

6. He needs

•> ,

blue sweater.

7. Eva wears

oíd hat.

8. You have

easy test.

I want

3. Do vou want
4. Thev don't have
5. This is

orange skirt?
used radio.
excellent store.

9. She needs
10. That is

.

Enelish dictionarv.

ten-dollar bilí.
sood idea.


I

UNIT

let's Go Shopping

,1

CHALLENGE 5 - More possessive forms

o
W

Example

Explanation

This is my wife's bag.
These are Duong's pants

Possessive nouns show ownership.
To form singular possessive nouns, add 's
to the singular noun.

To form plural possessive nouns, add an
apostrophe Q to the plural noun, or 's
to irregular plural nouns.

These are the students' books.
Are these the children's shoes?

'
I
W

Possessive adjectives can replace possessive nouns.
Subject pronoun

Possessive noun + complement

he
she
it
.we
you
they

Roberto's socks are blue.
Van's baseball cap ¡s here.
The dog's dish is on the floor.
My and Julia's clothes are deán.
The men's ties are striped.

Possessive adjective + complement

My money ¡s ¡n the bank.
His socks are blue.
Her baseball cap is here.
Its dish ¡s on the floor.
Our clothes are clean.
Your sweater ¡s nice.
Their ties are striped.

The possessive adjective its does not have an apostrophe.

VÍV Write a possessive adjective for the possessive nouns in parentheses.
!•: (Aniy's] Aniy doesn'l use
1. (Roberto's) These are

her

little house.

3. (my and my sistcr's) Tliat is
4. (lanet's)
5.

credil card.

_..._ shoes.

2. (the dojí'sj Thal is _ ._

bedroom.

drcss is green.

(yon) \Vhere are _.„_

6. ( m e )

.__ ehildrcn?

grammar is very good.

Write a possessive adjective to complete the conversations.
HXAM1M.E: A: Can I help you?
B: Ves, 1 need clothes tur

new

4. A: Is the children's -jchool big?

1. A: Is ibis Koberto's sweater?
B: No,

.___

sweater is black.

2. A: (aite dog! Wluit is

ñame?

B: I don't know. It is not my dog.

3. A: Is t h a t your dictionary?
B: No,

dictionary is in ni y bag.

B: Nn, __

school is small.

5. A: Are Gabriela'h pañis new?
B: No,

^m

.

pants are oíd.

ut
A

^1

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l«t'f Co Shopping
CHALLENGE 4 * This, that, these, those

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SINGULAR
PLURAL

Near

Not Near

This sweater is nice.

That sweater is nice.

This ¡s your sweater.

That is your sweater.

These sweaters are nice.

Those sweaters are nice.

These are your sweaters.

Those are your sweaters.

That's is a contraction of that is.
Thaf s my hat.

Read each sentence. Are the underlined words singular or plural, near or farl

liXAMPLE: Those apples are delicious.
1. This book is interesting.
2. A i e those bcjts cxpcnsive?
3. ! low much is that T-shirt?
4. What color are these tics?
5. Is thalrdress nevv?
6. These applej are green.
7. This vacuum clcancr is hcavy

Singular

Plural

ü

Q

a
a
ü
a
a
D
a

8. I don't like those ieans.

ü
r_)

Near

a
u
a

Ü
Ü

a

Ü
3

a

U

u
_l

Far
3

a

3
LJ
3
Ü
ü
ü

Fill in the blanks with this, that, these, or those and the correct form of be.
(1) Means the person or thing ¡s near. (-*) Means the person or thing ís far.
EXAMPLE:

That is

my bank.

2.

__ delicious apples. (—»)

hcr socks. (1)

3.

a small store. (—>)

4.

your receipts. (—»)

3.

cxpensive tickets. (1)

6.

my sister, Amy. (1)

7.

a used refrigerator. (—O
___ our oíd notebooks. (i)

8.
9.
10.

'JJNIT 2

Roberto's checked shirt. ( i }

a nice street. (—*)