Sách luyện thi tiếng anh_English today september 2016

YEAR: 11

NO. 9

SEPTEMBER, 2016 PRICE: ` 20

Publisher & Editor

ALOK KUMAR GUPTA
Asstt. Editor
HS BHATIA
Editorial & Admn. Office:
12-H, New Daryaganj Road,
New Delhi-110002
Tel: 23261567, 23245124,
23275224
Website:
www.rameshpublishinghouse.com
E-mail:


Subscription Rates:
` 200/- (for One Year)
` 360/- (for Two Years)
To be paid through MO/
DD in favour of ‘English
Today’ and post it to our
Admn. office.
For more details

refer page no. 24

All rights reserved with the
Publisher. No part of this
publication may be printed in
whole or in part without written
permission of the Publisher.
Edited, Published, Printed
& Owned by:
ALOK KUMAR GUPTA
12-H, New Daryaganj Road,
New Delhi-110002
Printed at:
Amar Ujala Publications Ltd.
Noida

From The Editor’s Pen
Lecture Forum
In Simple Terms
Personal Questions
Modern Grammatical Practices
Day-To-Day Conversation
Formation of Words
One Word Substitution
Terminology
Book Review
Same Words Used As Different Parts of Speech
Vocabulary
Finding Errors
Idioms & Their Usage

Pronunciation
Punctuation
Prepositions
Transformation
Verbal Diagram
Prefixes & Suffixes
Quotations & Abbreviations
Number, Gender, Conjugation
Spellings
Language Games
Think it Over
Cloze Test
Quips
Words Confused & Misused
Quiz Time
Verbal Niagra Fall
Potpourri
Talking to the Author
Chain Anagram Sets
Literature
What If ...
Chain Words
Can You Remember !
Answers Corner

English Today

3

September 2016

....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....

....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....

5
7
9
14
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
41
43
46
47

49
51
53
55
56
57
59
60
61
63
64
65
66
67
69
70
71
73


Book Name
General English for Competitive Exams
Spoken English
The English Enhancement Book
Common Errors in English (English-Hindi)
Handbook of Idioms & Phrases
Handbook of Proverbs
Advance General English
Spoken & Communicative English
Idioms, Phrases & Proverbs (English-Hindi)

Writing Correct English
Write English Right
How to Write Correct English (Hindi-English)

ikWiqyj feuh baxfy'k Lihfdax dkslZ
Hindi-English Master (Senior)
Master English in Easy Way
All About English
Treasury of Synonyms & Antonyms
(Words with Hindi Meanings)

All Time English
Popular Phrasal Verbs
Prepositions and their Usage
Handbook of Abbreviations
Dealing with English Made Easy
Handbook of Quotations
Objective General English
General English (With MCQs)
Paragraph Writing
Art of Precis Writing
English Reading Comprehension
Gloria English Speaking Course (Hindi-English)
English Improvement Course

English Today

4

September 2016

Code Price (` )
R-1762
90
R-1654
210
R-1720
180
R-1709
210
R-473
65
R-514
95
R-230
130
R-1801
295
R-353
65
R-541
110
R-578
110
R-451
120
R-657
60
R-418
80

R-189
240
R-1391
260
R-1348
R-1100
R-528
R-787
R-228
R-1042
R-190
R-229
R-311
R-304
R-191
R-303
R-218
R-358

180
120
95
95
80
95
130
140
160
95
80

160
280
260


the f
se o

st

s,
der
Rea
ar We’ve d
De
udie

From the Editor’s Pen...

Dear Readers,
We have since been studying the phrases in which articles are not used. We’ll
continue our study.
OMISSION OF THE ARTICLE
THE USE OF PHRASES WITHOUT ARTICLES
1. Take cognizance of (attend to): The government is committed to take
cognizance of the needs of the poor.
2. Fall within one’s cognizance (of things that fairly concern
someone): Supervision of this department does not fall within my
cognizance.
3. Fall beyond one’s cognizance (of things that do not concern

someone): Maintaining accounts of such transactions is beyond my
cognizance.
4. Coin money (get money fast): These days lawyers are coining money
as never before.
5. Coincide or concur with (agree with in opinion, etc): I coincide/
concur with you in this matter.
6. In cold blood (without excuse of excitement): The poor traveller was
killed by robbers in cold blood.
7. Cold feet (disinclination to fight): On seeing our troops, the enemy
developed cold feet.
8. Cold snap (sudden spell of cold weather): While climbing the hill,
we had to face a cold snap.
9. Come into collision with (Clash or of interests):
(a) The two trains came into collision with each other.
(b) His love of sports comes into collision with his desire for reading
books voraciously.
10. Conflict of interests (clash of two different interests): He is chairman
of sports club, but he is also manager of a concern that supplies

English Today

5

September 2016


equipment to the club. Thus, he has a clear conflict of interests (or
Thus, it is a clear case of conflict of interests).
11. Change colour (turn pale or red): On seeing the lion he changed
colour.

12. Show one’s (true) colour (show one’s real qualities, positive or
negative): He showed his true colours at the contest.
13. Sail under false flags (to be a hypocrite or impostor): I put great
faith in him, but finally I discovered that he was sailing under false
flags.
14. Come off with flying colours (win credit): Everybody praised him when
he came off with flying colours in the examination.
15. Put fast colours upon (show something in a distorted way): Pakistan
is always putting false colours upon the Kashmir problem.
16. See in its true colours (see something sincerely in the proper way
without distorting it): Pakistan must see the problem of terrorism in
its true colours.
17. Under colour of (under pretext of): The robbers robbed the jeweller
having come under colour of making some purchases.
18. Give no colour for saying (show no reason, or make a false plea
or pretext): Pakistan gave no colour for saying why she supported the
Kashmir militants.
H.S. Bhatia

READER’S DELIGHT

NOBEL
LAUREATES
A Brief Details OF WINNERS SINCE 1901
Price: ` 65/- only

Printed Pages: 172 ISBN: 978-81-7812-356-8

For Cash on Delivery (COD)
E-mail your order to:

RAMESH PUBLISHING HOUSE, 12-H, New Daryaganj Road, New Delhi-2
For Online Shopping Visit: www.rameshpublishinghouse.com
English Today

6

September 2016

Book Code:
A-45


LECTURE FORUM
Dear Readers,
We have been studying for some months the use of Past Participles of some
verbs as Adjectives. We’ll continue our study in this issue also.
PAST PARTICIPLES USED AS ADJECTIVES
Directions:
(i) Use the following Past Participles as Adjectives in sentences of your
own.
(ii) Only the first and last letter of each Past Participle is given.
(iii) After the Past Participle, the number of letters is given in brackets.
(iv) No word should be repeated.

EXERCISE
1.

H ______ D (12)
(a) Full word:

(b) Usage:

2.

H ______ D (10)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:

3.

H ______ D (9)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:

4.

H ______ D (6)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:

5.

H ______ D (7)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:
English Today

7

September 2016

6.

H ______ T (4)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:

7.

H ______ D (8)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:

8.

H ______ D (6)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:

9.

H ______ D (6)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:

10.

H ______ D (10)
(a) Full word:

(b) Usage:

11.

H ______ D (8)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:

12.

I ______ D (4)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:

13.

I ______ D (9)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:

14.

I ______ D (8)
(a) Full word:
(b) Usage:

15.

I ______ D (7)
(a) Full word:

(b) Usage:

English Today

8

September 2016


IN SIMPLE TERMS
EXERCISE-1
Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow:
Children are very fond of flying kites. Small childen fly small kites while grownup children fly big kites. Kites are made of paper and thin bamboo sticks. They
are flown with a string which remains in the hands of the kite-flyer. Most of the
kites are made of thin, plain, colourful paper, but on some kites artistic designs
are drawn. Some kites are made of shining golden and silver-coloured paper.
A kite flies high in the sky if the wind is steady. Sometimes, the strings of two
kites get entangled in the sky. Then the kite the string of which is snapped or
the twine of which is broken is lost. The children make a lot of noise when a
kite is lost. Some children run after such a kite to catch it. Some children fall
down and get hurt. Kites must be flown with great care.
QUESTIONS
1.

What are kites made of?

2.

How are they flown in the sky?

3.

When does a kite fly high in the sky?

4.

What happens when the strings of two kites get entangled in the sky?

5.

What do the children do when a kite is lost in the sky?

6.

Give a suitable title the passage.

English Today

9

September 2016


EXERCISE-2
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice:
1. I don’t like rice.
2. Rakesh writes a letter to his father.
3. Some birds eat grain.
4. The girls solve the sums.
5. He confesses his fault.

6. The teacher reads a poem.
7. We love our country.
8. She teaches the students.
9. The old woman weaves the cane baskets.
10. These boys collect stamps.
11. Do you play the piano?
12. Does she comb her hair daily?
13. Do they make plastic brushes?
14. Does the boy operate the computer?
15. Do the donkeys carry the load?

English Today

10

September 2016


EXERCISE-3
Change the following sentences into Active Voice:
1. Are the cattle grazed by the shepherd?
2. The newspaper is read by Jack.
3. The ball is hit by Rajesh.
4. The pieces of paper are not burnt by me.
5. A new story is narrated to the students by the teacher.
6. Are her teeth brushed by her daily?
7. Is the cow milked by him?
8. His face is washed by Sumit?
9. You are not misguided by him.
10. The door is opened by the old man.

EXERCISE-4
Tick the correct alternative:
1. A driver/pilot drives a car.
2. A worker/fisherman operates a machine.
3. A pilot/boatman flies an aeroplane.
English Today

11

September 2016


4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

A mason/hunter builds buildings.
A chef/waiter cooks food in a hotel.
A chef/waiter serves food to the customers in a hotel.
A fisherman/horseman catches fish.
A barber/cobbler cuts our hair.
A carpenter/cobbler mends our shoes.
A lawyer/doctor advises people about the law.
A boatman/horseman rides a horse.
A teacher/doctor teaches students.
A carpenter/goldsmith makes chairs and tables.
A baker/ironsmith bakes buns and cakes.
A ironsmith/goldsmith makes articles of gold.
A tailor/cobbler stitches clothes for us.
A fireman/astronaut puts out fires.
A mechanic/mason repairs machines.
A pianist/violinist plays the violin.
A magician/musician writes music.

EXERCISE-5
Tick the correct alternative:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

10.
11.
12.

My parents advise/advice me to love all.
Draw an angle/angel of 90°.
Can you draw some cartoons/cartons?
What part of a potato plant is audible/edible?
She was born/borne in 1989.
Cattle/kettle are grazing in the fields.
The old man died/dyed of cancer.
Rita and Meena are sisters. The letter/latter is a doctor.
Keep quite/quiet, please.
My dear/deer Rakesh, how are you?
Let us go to see the village fair/fare.
The hunter was running after the hair/hare.
English Today

12

September 2016


13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.

20.

You must maintain a diary/dairy.
She is an idol/ideal student.
He met me five years ego/ago.
Lightning/lighting has been flashing since evening.
A bear/beer likes honey.
Some students write/right letters to their parents regularly.
Can you ride/read this book?
Put these papers into an envelop/envelope.

EXERCISE-6
Place an order for cloth of different varieties with a mill, briefly
explaining your preferences and conditions for acceptance of goods.

R. Gupta’s®

The English
Enhancement Book
A concise book covering Numerous words, their Origins,
Roots, Structures and Pronunciations along with
Exhaustive Exercises with Multifarious forms of Questions
Price: ` 180 Book Code: R-1720 Printed Pages: 488

For Online Shopping Visit: www.rameshpublishinghouse.com

English Today

13

September 2016


PERSONAL QUESTIONS
Note:
(1) No answers to the personal questions will be provided.
(2) You can put these questions (and your answers which will remain with
you) to a number of uses, if you would so like, e.g. .....
(a) personal diary;
(b) to enhance memory;
(c) to sharpen your answering capability;
(d) to hone your general awareness, talents, intelligence, nature,
mood, temperament, etc.
(e) to gather experience, etc.
(3) Sometimes, some questions may be abstract or mysterious in nature,
but they are otherwise important in their own way. You should be careful
while answering them.

EXERCISE
1. Why do some people keep pets in their houses? (4-5 lines)

2. A. Which one among the following is the best pet in your opinion? (Tick)
(a) Dog

(b) Cat

(c) Cow

(d) Horse

(e) Rabbit

(f) Parrot

(g) Fish

(h) Pigeon
English Today

14

September 2016


B. Why? (4-5 lines)

3. Can you name any other pet/s which is commonly kept by some people
in their houses? (Name not more than three)
(a)
(b)
(c)
4. What precautions should be taken while keeping a pet in your house?
(5-6 lines)

5. Mention some particular type or category of people who usually keep
pets in their houses? (Mention not more than three)
(a)
(b)
(c)
6. Why do children usually love pets? (4-5 lines)

7. Are children afraid of any particular type of pets?
(name not more than three)
(a)
(b)
(c)
English Today

15

September 2016


8. Name three pets that can be useful in some way. Also explain in 1-2 lines
how?
A. (i) (a)
(b)
(c)
(ii) How?

B. (i) (a)
(b)
(c)
(ii) How?

C. (i) (a)
(b)
(c)
(ii) How?

9. Name 2-3 pets that can be harmful or dangerous in some way.
(a)
(b)
(c)

R. Gupta’s®

MULTIPLE USES OF

WORDS

An effective book to understand the multiple
uses of English words with word analysis,
characterstics, parts of speech, combination,
affixes and figurative use of words
Book Code: R-721

Price: ` 70 ISBN: 81-7812-215-4

Printed Pages: 348

For Online Shopping Visit: www.rameshpublishinghouse.com

English Today

16

September 2016

MODERN GRAMMATICAL
PRACTICES
EXERCISE
In each line of the following passage one word is written wrongly.
Underline the word and write the correct word in the space provided. The
first one has been done for you.
1. (a) At least 9 person including five women
(b) and a child, were drowned when a vehicles in
(c) which they were travelling, was wash away in
(d) flash-flood on Roger Canal near London late
(e) last night. Reports said 5 passengers was
(f)

drowned and only three bodies have been recovered.

2. (a) There is intense international pressure at
(b) Pakistan to has a dialogue with India and to
(c) put the composite dialogue—an initiatives
(d) taken by India-back on the rail. On its part,
(e) India will like to move head in spite of
(f)

Pakistan’s misadventure on the Kargil region

(g) of Jammu and Kashmir for the hope that
(h) Pakistan’s President will continued to
(i)

maintained restraint along the Line of Control.

3. (a) Sadhugarh, an important tourist destiny, is
(b) fast becoming a concretes jungle because
English Today

17

September 2016

persons


(c) of construction in multi-storeyed buildings.
(d) Builders in collusion of government officials
(e) is constructing illegal multi-storeyed
(f)

buildings. About 100 new building have

(g) been constructed during the past ten year.

LITTLE SCHOLARZ–NEW RELEASES

BIG BOARD BOOKS

Book Code: S-332
ISBN: 978-93-84376-42-0

Book Code: S-333
ISBN: 978-93-84376-43-7

Book Code: S-334
ISBN: 978-93-84376-44-4

Book Code: S-335
ISBN: 978-93-84376-45-1

Book Code: S-336
ISBN: 978-93-84376-46-8

Book Code: S-337
ISBN: 978-93-84376-47-5

Book Code: S-338
ISBN: 978-93-84376-48-2

Book Code: S-339
ISBN: 978-93-84376-49-9

Size - 222 × 279 mm Price - ` 145
Pages - 16
Distributed by:

RAMESH
PUBLISHING HOUSE

12-H, New Daryaganj Road, New Delhi-110002
Book Code: S-340
ISBN: 978-93-84376-50-5

For Online Shopping Visit:

www.rameshpublishinghouse.com

Book Code: S-346
ISBN: 978-93-84376-56-7

English Today

18

September 2016


DAY-TO-DAY CONVERSATION
Dear Readers,
The two friends, Reena and Reema, have been discussing Non-finites and
other topics in the past some issues.
Let’s see what they discuss today.
Reena : Hello Reema!
Reema : Hello! I thought you might not be coming today.
Reena : Why?
Reema : In the last meeting you told me that you were thinking of going
abroad.
Reena : Yes, of course, I was mulling about it, but for the present I’ve
dropped the idea.
Reema : Why?
Reena : Thinking deeply, I’ve come to the conclusion that our own
country is the best in the world. We might think of visiting foreign
lands just for amusement and gaining knowledge, but there
seems no sense in settling abroad permanently.
Reema : That’s your idea, but some people think otherwise.

Reena : Let them. That’s their idea. I believe that we can feel quite happy
and satisfied if we do our work honestly and serve our motherland
as best as we can.
Reema : I agree with you. But have you brought anything for me?
Reena : Yes, here’s an exercise.

EXERCISE
(For Reema and ET Readers)

USE OF PRESENT PARTICIPLES AS ADJECTIVES
Fill in the blanks with suitable Present Participles used as Adjectives:
1. We should not violate
byelaws.
2. The hon’ble
Prime Minister is coming today in the evening.
3. There is a

tendency among the people to be impatient.
English Today

19

September 2016


4. The

standard of people is rising day by day.

5. The

leader has been whisked to the hospital.

6. He has a

mind.

7. The

woman was snubbed by the holy man.

8. The

clouds were pushed away by the wind.

9. What a

story you have told!

10. Even rats give up a

ship.

11. In dream she saw the

towers of the ancient city.

12. What is the

news?

13. What is the

time of this serial?

14. The

drain water in the street is a cause of concern.

15. Fast

fire was stoked by the high velocity winds.

16. My uncle lives in the
17. The

street.

moon was soon hidden behind the clouds.

18. The
walls of the house were enough to tell how much the
owners were careful in the matter of house-keeping.
19. The

shouts of the ogre could be heard up to a long distance.

20. The

sound of the train could be heard there.

21. The

leaves meant the blowing of breeze.

22. Let the

dogs lie.

R. Gupta’s®

WORDS COMMONLY
CONFUSED
A Book to Clear the Confusion in Confusing
English Words and Their Usage
More than 1500 Words Explained
Book Code: R-576 Price: ` 110 ISBN: 81-7812-164-6 PP: 340

For Online Shopping Visit: www.rameshpublishinghouse.com
English Today

20

September 2016


FORMATION OF WORDS
Directions:
(i) Given below is a starting word or part of a word.
(a)

S C A R

(b) When we add to it, C E at the end, it becomes—
(c) S C A R C E
(d) Meaning: scanty.
(ii) Similarly, in each of the following cases,
(a) the starting word or the first part of the word is given; you are to—
(b) add one or more letters at the end;
(c) write the new word;
(d) convey the same meaning as given.
Follow the steps given below for the formation of new words:
Start Now:
1. (a) Word or part of a word: P T E
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: flying fox.
2. (a) Word or part of a word: J U G
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: playing conjuring tricks.
3. (a) Word or part of a word: H A R U M
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: reckless.
4. (a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
5. (a)

(b)
(c)
(d)

Word or part of a word: E X
Letter/s added:
New word:
Meaning: serving to express.
Word or part of a word: E X
Letter/s added:
New word:
Meaning: descriptive, explanatory.
English Today

21

September 2016


6. (a) Word or part of a word: N A U
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: offensive to taste or smell.
7. (a) Word or part of a word: B O
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: sudden activity or development.
8. (a) Word or part of a word: M A N
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:

(d) Meaning: having a man’s virtues.
9. (a) Word or part of a word: V A
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: sound, defensible.
10. (a) Word or part of a word: P U G
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: disposed to fight.
11. (a) Word or part of a word: A D J
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: helpful, auxiliary.
12. (a) Word or part of a word: F R A
(b) Letter/s added:
(c) New word:
(d) Meaning: noisy quarrel.
English Today

22

September 2016


ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION
Give one word for each of the following:
1. Block on which a smith works metal.
2. That which is sung alternately.
3. Constitutional or settled aversion.
4. In low spirits.

5. A person (especially a child) who constantly gets into trouble.
6. Having bright metallic lustre.
7. Science of soils.
8. Science and study of living objects.
9. Science and study of plants.
10. Personal belongings or mechanical accessories.
11. (one) obstinately silent.
12. Legally or morally binding.
13. Airborne troops landing by parachute.
14. Derivation from a compound.

English Today

23

September 2016


15. Animal that chews cud.
16. Large drinking glass.
17. Hearsay of doubtful accuracy.
18. Hypnotic sleep.
19. Having beastful propensities (especially of idiot)
20. Instrument for measuring temperature.

SUBSCRIPTION FORM
ONE YEAR (through Ordinary Post)

` 200/- only

ONE YEAR (through Registered Post)

` 440/- only

TWO YEARS (through Ordinary Post)

` 360/- only

TWO YEARS (through Registered Post)

` 840/- only

Readers can deposit the amount in our ICICI Bank A/C No. 033305003643 in the name
of RAMESH PUBLISHING HOUSE or can transfer the amount Online: Code: ICIC0000333.
AND Email the details to OR SMS your name and
address with the details of deposit to Mobile No. 09711323105 (No enquiry on this cell
No. For enquiries call 011-23275224)
Readers may visit www.rameshpublishinghouse.com to pay online.

The Subscription may be sent by DD/Payable at
par Cheque/MO and posted to:

ENGLISH TODAY
12-H, New Daryaganj Road, Opp. Officers’ Mess, New Delhi-110002
English Today

24

September 2016

23261567, 23275224


TERMINOLOGY
BANKING TERMS
(... continues from August 2016 Issue)

LIBOR: Libor stands for London InterBank Offered Rate. This is a
favourable interest rate offered for
U.S. dollar or Eurodollar deposits
between groups of London banks.
It is an internationl interest rate
that follows world economic
conditions and is defined by the
maturity of its deposit term (i.e.
30-day LIBOR, 60-day LIBOR).
This market allows banks with
liquidity requirements to borrow
quickly from other banks with
surpluses. The LIBOR is officially
fixed once a day by a group of
large London banks, but the rate
changes throughout the day. The
difficulty with some LIBOR based
loans is that the terms can be
based upon set dollar amounts to
draw-down or repay at specific
dates.
Lien: An encumbrance against
property form money due, either

voluntary or involuntary.
Life Cap: The upper and lower limit
for changes in the borrower’s
interest rate over the term of his/
her loan.
Lifeline Account: A bank account
meant for customers with low
English Today

25

incomes. These accounts are
characterized by little or no
monthly fees and there is no strict
rule regarding the minimum
balance.
Line of Credit: A pre-approved loan
authorization with a specific
borrowing limit based on
creditworthiness. A line of credit
allows borrowers to obtain a
number of loans without reapplying each time as long as
the total amount of funds does
not exceed the credit limit. A preapproved credit facility (usually
for one year) enabling a bank
customer to borrow up to the
specified maximum amount at
any time during the relevant period
of time.
Liquidated Damages: A clause,

which is commonly found in
contracts, wherein the parties
agree to pay a fixed amount, in
case of any breach of the
contractual provisions. The party,
who violates the provisions has
to pay the amount to the
aggrieved party.
(to be continued...)

September 2016