Grammar space beginner 3 Student Book

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Student Book
Grammar Station

Practice

This section introduces the main
grammar points in the units. It provides
clear explanations and charts showing
grammatical forms, meanings, and
usages. There are also corresponding
pictures and simple examples to help
students easily understand the basic
grammar structures and rules that are
presented. Simple check-up exercises
are provided at the bottom of the
page. They are helpful in checking

students’ initial understanding of the
key grammar points.

Various exercises allow students to
reinforce and gradually expand their
understanding of the grammar rules
that they have learned. This section
involves correction exercises that train
students to recognize and correct
grammar errors in sentences.

Check Up
Guided exercises and drills are
presented to help students practice
the basic grammar structures. Students
get a chance to learn how to properly
apply the grammar rules through these
exercies.

Grammar in Writing
This section provides a variety of writing
types such as letters, diaries, book
reports, advertisements, news reports,
instructions, etc. This allows students to
apply their knowledge of the grammar
rules in a meaningful context.

Review
At the end of each unit, students
have the opportunity to review and

internalize what they have learned.

Supplementary Material
Review Test

Appendix: Grammar Station

After every four units, students will take a review
test. These tests aim to access and evaluate students’
understanding of the grammar points that they have
learned.

Grammar charts from each unit’s Grammar Station are
included in the back of the book. They allow students
to easily access the book’s main grammar points.


Contents
Nouns & Sentences

Future Tense

01

Jeff reads many books.

Parts of a Sentence

6

13

She’ll take a train.

Future (Will): Positive & Negative

54

02

I need a lot of sugar.

Quantifiers 1: Many / Much / A Lot Of

10

14

Will you call me?

Future (Will): Questions

58

03

She has a cup of coffee.

Quantifiers 2: Noncount Nouns

14

15

She’s going to be late.

Future: Be Going To

62

04

I'm cold and hungry.

Conjunctions

18

16

How was the concert?

Question Words: How / Why

66

Present Tense

Adjectives & Adverbs

05

Andy helps his dad.

Present Simple

22

17

The woman is really fast.

Adjectives & Adverbs

70

06

I usually eat breakfast.

Frequency Adverbs

26

18

Science is easier than math.

Adjectives: Comparatives

74

07

Bob is writing a letter.

Present Continuous: Positive & Negative

30

19

I am the fastest in my class.

Adjectives: Superlatives

78

08

Is Ron watching TV?

Present Continuous: Questions

34

20

The ball is behind the box.

Prepositions of Place & Movement

82

Past Simple

Supplementary Material

09

I was very scared.

10

Was he sick last night?

Past Simple (The Verb Be): Questions

42

11

They worked together.

Past Simple: Positive & Negative

46

12

Did you dance yesterday?

Past Simple: Questions

50

Past Simple (The Verb Be): Positive & Negative

38

• Review Tests 1 - 5
• Appendix: Grammer Station
• Scope & Sequence

88 - 97
98 - 102
103


01

Jeff reads many books.

A

Subject

Grammar Station

2. The man enjoys swimming.

‌ sentence has two main parts: a subject and a predicate.
A
‌The subject is who or what the sentence is about. It can be a noun or a pronoun.
‌The predicate is what the subject is or does. It is the rest of the sentence after the subject.
The predicate must have a verb.

3. The sunflowers are tall.
4. Uncle James lives in a small town.
5. The girl likes the pink dress.

Predicate (P)
swim.
are tall.
is a wonderful cook.
fly in the sky.
wants ice cream.

Fish
The basketball players
Mike
Airplanes
The baby

Predicate

1. My dad works for a car company.

Parts of a Sentence

Subject (S)

Look at the underlined parts and check the correct boxes.

B

Match the subjects with the predicates.
1

2

4

3

Jeff / reads many books.
(S)
(P)

I / like my puppy.
(S) (P)

1. You

are best friends.

2. Mr. Johnson

is a large city.

3. Carol and Jane

are good at drawing.

4. New York

exercises every day.

Snakes / are dangerous.
(S)
(P)

C

1. I eat healthy food every day.

Circle the subject of each sentence.

6

Circle and write the verbs in the underlined predicates.

eat

2. Laura has brown hair and blue eyes.

1. Our classroom is big.

2. Sally wears glasses.

3. Mrs. Kay is kind.

4. Nick and Jack are hungry.

5. We read English newspapers.

6. Your cell phone is new.

4. My dad washes his car every Sunday.

7. He likes grapes.

8. They are baseball players.

5. The students learn French once a week.

3. Nick is Jeff’s new friend at school.

Unit 1

7


ech, you can
When you make a spe
arly with
cle
deliver your message
s.
ate

subjects and predic

Grammar in Writing
A

Put a slash between the subjects and the predicates.
1. Susan has many friends.

2. The children play in the park.

3. The girl enjoys basketball.

4. Jake’s sister dances well.

5. The movie is boring.

6. Lemons are too sour.

Choose and complete the speech.

Vote for Me!
Good morning, my fellow students!
My name

B

Choose and complete the sentences. Then circle the verbs.
comic books

delicious

fish

1.

is Max

, and I want to be class president.

a hardworking kid and I generally get good grades .
I am good at sports, too!

my best friend

These are my plans to make our school better:
1. More fun books in the library!

2.

Vote for Max!

2. More fun time on the playground!
3. More field trips!

Dave is

my best friend .

We read

3.

Thank you for listening.

.

Ann doesn’t like

2. Three are penguins on the snow.
3. Penguins is wonderful birds.

6. Penguins lives in cold places.

is Max

good grades

am good at

These are

work for

I am

Vote for

• Complete the chart.

The weather is bad.

Three penguins are on the snow.

1. I have many friends.

Penguins are wonderful birds.

2. Jenny hates science.

Subject

Predicate

I

have many friends.

3. My brothers are noisy.

4. Have birds wings.
5. They small shrimp and fish eat.

class president

.

Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences.
1. The weather bad is.

8

you!

4.

These cookies are

C

Max! I’ll

.

4. Peaches are delicious.

They eat small shrimp and fish.

5. The weather is fine.

Penguins live in cold places.
Unit 1

9


02

I need a lot of sugar.

A

Choose and write the words in the correct categories.
Count

Grammar Station

dish

Quantifiers 1: Many / Much / A Lot Of
Many, much, and a lot of mean a large number or amount.
We use many with plural count nouns and much with noncount nouns.
We use a lot of with both plural count and noncount nouns.
Count Noun
P

many

N
Q

N
Q

a lot of

N
Q

There are a lot of pens.
There aren’t a lot of pens.
Are there a lot of pens?

P
N
Q

rain storymeat

B

Change the underlined a lot of into many or much.

many

1. We can see a lot of pictures in the museum.

There is a lot of water.
There isn’t a lot of water.
Is there a lot of water?
N Negative

rice

sugar pictureroof

There isn’t much water.
Is there much water?

P Positive

bread

moneymirror stick

There are many pens.
There aren’t many pens.
Are there many pens?

much

P

dish

Noncount Noun

P

Noncount

2. Larry doesn’t drink a lot of water.
3. Are there a lot of trees in your garden?

Q Question

4. I don’t have a lot of homework today.
5. The tourists buy a lot of presents.

SUGAR

C

There are many flowers in our garden.
They need a lot of water.

It’s sour. I need a lot of sugar.
Do you have much sugar?

Circle the correct words.

10

1. ( many / much ) questions

2. ( many / a lot of ) snow

3. ( many / a lot of ) bread

4. ( much / a lot of ) rooms

5. ( many / much ) children

6. ( many / much ) money

7. ( many / much ) juice

8. ( many / much ) animals

Complete the sentences with many or much.
2

1

1.

Many

4. I don’t have

4

people visit the cave on weekends.

2. Stacy doesn’t drink
3. There are

3

milk.
postcards in the box.
money today.
Unit 2

11


ry, you can
When you write a sto
ress the
use quantifiers to exp
s.
amounts of noun

Grammar in Writing
A

Circle and write the correct quantifiers.

many

1. Mr. and Mrs. White visit
2. There is

b. much

a. many

b. a lot of

a. much

b. a lot of

snow in the winter?

a. many

b. much

He carries

colored pencils?

a. many

b. much

The grasshopper thinks the ant is a fool.

flour in the bowl.

3. They watch

movies.

4. Do you have
5. Does Bob have

Choose and complete the story with the correct quantifiers and nouns.

a. many

places.

The Ant and the Grasshopper
It’s summer. The ant prepares for winter.

many seeds

on his back.

He dances and plays.

B

sunglasses

cap

bread

snack

No. I don’t have

. I have to do

We have

T-shirt

He has 1. ( much / a lot of )

It’s a cold winter day.

caps

There’s __________

and

He has 3. ( many / much )

too.
food (x2)

He also has 4. ( many / much )

3
4

5

and 5. ( many / a lot of )

2. There are much roses in my garden.

seed

work (x2)

time

snow

.

Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences.
1. We need many cheese.

outside. There isn’t

. The grasshopper is cold and hungry.

2. ( much / a lot of )sunglasses .

2

.

here. Come and dance with me!

What does Harry have?

1

C

. Let’s play together!

You always do

Circle the correct words and complete the sentences.

We need a lot of cheese.
There are many [a lot of] roses in my garden.

3. Does the house have much rooms?

Does the house have many [a lot of] rooms?

4. Let’s hurry! We don’t have many time.

Let’s hurry! We don’t have much [a lot of] time.

5. Sarah doesn’t read much books.

Sarah doesn’t read many [a lot of] books.

• Complete the chart.
Count Noun

Sentence
Positive

Negative

Question

Noncount Noun

many children.
= There are a lot of children.

There are

I drink a

lot of milk every day.

much money.
= Jane doesn’t have a lot of friends. = Bill doesn’t have a lot of money.

Jane doesn’t have

Do you watch

friends.

movies?

= Do you watch a lot of movies?

Bill doesn’t have

Is there

ink in the bottle?

= Is there a lot of ink in the bottle?

6. My aunt drinks a lot of milks.
12

Unit 2

13


03

She has a cup of coffee.

A

1. There is a ( piece / can ) of chocolate cake.

Grammar Station

3. There are three ( pieces / cans ) of tuna.

‌ can express amounts for noncount nouns using these quantifiers: a cup of, a glass of,
We
a bottle of, a piece of, a slice of, a can of, a bag of, a carton of, etc.
Noncount Noun
coffee
tea
hot chocolate

a cup of

Quantifier

Noncount Noun

a slice of

ham / meat
bread
cheese
pizza

a can of

tuna
soda
soup
paint

a bag of

flour
sugar
rice
popcorn

juice
water
milk
wine

a glass of

water
juice
ketchup

a bottle of

cheese
cake
bread

paper

a piece of

4. There are two ( bottles / pieces ) of juice.
5. There are two ( cans / cartons ) of milk.
6. There is a ( bag / piece ) of popcorn.

B

milk
juice
soup

a carton of

C

a cup of coffee

a bag of flour

two cups of coffee

two bags of flour

Write the correct words.

a bottle of

2.

a cup of

3.

2. a can of soda

three

3. a piece of paper

ten

of paper

4. a slice of meat

four

of meat

5. a bottle of ketchup

five

of ketchup

4.

a slice of
5.

coffee
14

meat

water

rice

of soda

Choose and write the correct words.

3.

a bag of

of lemonade

two

bag

Match the quantifiers with the correct nouns.

glasses

1. a glass of lemonade

1.

1.

Popcorn

2. There is a ( slice / glass ) of water.

Quantifiers 2: Noncount Nouns

Quantifier

Circle the correct words.

glass

piece

a piece of cheese

a carton of soup

a

cup of hot

chocolate

slice

cup

carton

2.
three
4.

6.

of rice

four slices of ham

three glasses of water

Unit 3

15


Grammar in Writing
A

Match the quantifiers with the correct nouns and write them.

nu, you can
When you make a me

noncount
of
express the amounts
ers.
tifi
an
nouns by using qu

Complete the menu using quantifiers.

1. glass

tuna

2. carton

water

3. bag

pizza

4. can

milk

5. slice

flour

a glass of water

DANNY’S $3, $6, and $9 MENU
$3 / PUMPKIN PIE

a slice of

Enjoy

pumpkin pie for only $3 with

milk!
$6 / SPICY COWBOY BURGER

B

Try our special spicy burger with

Look at Nelly’s lunch schedule and complete the sentences.
Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

orange juice or

Coke!

$9 / TODAY’S SPECIAL
Enjoy our thick steak with a fried egg, __________
bacon, and

1. On Monday, Nelly has a tuna sandwich with
2. On Tuesday, she has a pancake with
3. On Wednesday, she has

a bottle of juice.

The special comes with a free

cake.
Coke.

• Complete the chart.

hot chocolate.

Quantifier

a

C

piece

Noncount Noun

of

cake / bread / paper / cheese

a

of

coffee / tea / hot chocolate

a

of

water / milk / juice / wine

a

of

ketchup / water / juice

a

of

bread / cheese / meat / ham / pizza

3. May I use a pieces of paper?

a

of

milk / juice / soup

4. I’ll have glass of apple juice.

a

of

flour / sugar / rice / popcorn

a

of

tuna / soda / paint / soup

Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences.
1. Sue has two slice of bread.
2. There are three bag rice.

5. Here are four can of paint.
16

cheesecake!

milk.

4. On Thursday, she has two slices of pizza with
5. On Friday, she has some snacks with

hot chocolate!

Sue has two slices of bread.

Unit 3

17


04

I’m cold and hungry.

A

Circle the correct words.
1

2

4

3

Grammar Station

Conjunctions
And, but, and or are conjunctions. They connect sentences or parts of sentences.
‌We use and to connect similar ideas, but to connect two different ideas, and or to connect
choices or possibilities.
Conjunction
and

but

or

1. The boy is short, ( and / but ) he is fast.
2. I go to school by bike ( or / but ) by bus.

Sentence

3. Tasha’s new dog is black ( and / or ) white.

I am cold. + I am hungry.
→ I am cold and hungry.

4. It’s a nice shop, ( and / but ) everything is expensive.

Max likes soccer. + Max doesn’t like baseball.
→ Max likes soccer, but he doesn’t like baseball.
Will you have milk? + Will you have juice?

B

→ Will you have milk or juice?

It’s cold and windy outside.
Let’s play chess or read comic books.

Match to complete the sentences.
1. I need a pen

but I don’t have an umbrella.

2. Marie can play the piano,

or on the playground?

3. Are they in the classroom

or watermelons?

4. It’s raining outside,

and a notebook.

5. Do you like melons

but she can’t play the violin.

I like vegetables, but I don’t like meat.
I eat tomatoes and carrots for lunch.

C

Complete the sentences with and, but, or or.
1. I have a sandwich

and

2. Is it your bike

Circle the conjunctions.
1. I want bread and butter.

2. Is it Monday or Tuesday?

3. Carol likes chocolate,

3. He is thin but strong.

4. It looks nice but old.

4. Let’s go to the park

5. Draw a rose or a sunflower.

6. The tower is big and tall.

5. I can swim well,

7. My mom and dad go hiking on Sundays.

8. Does Joe like fish or meat?

6. Do you want to be a pilot

a bottle of juice for lunch.
your sister’s bike?
I don’t like it.
feed the birds.
my sister can’t.
an astronaut?
Unit 4

18

19


ctions, you avoid
When you use conjun
n and make your
unnecessary repetitio
r.
tte
sentences sound be

Grammar in Writing
A

Connect the two sentences using conjunctions.

hungry and thirsty.

1. I am hungry. + I am thirsty.

I am

2. Are they tall? + Are they short?

Are they

3. The pond is big. + The pond is clean.

The pond is

4. This jacket is nice. + It’s expensive.

This jacket is

5. I made a box. + She colored it.

I madea box and she colored it.

Choose and complete the explanation.
A Big Yellow Star

Space is large

B

2

. The sun is at the center of our solar system.
. The earth

It gives us heat

Choose and complete the sentences.
1

and wide

other planets go

around the sun. We must not look at the sun with the naked
4

3

eye. Sunlight is very ____________, so it can hurt our
eyes

. Do you want to know about

the _____________ ? Use your science books

1. It is sunny,

___________ . Take your time

but it’s cold outside .

2. Is this backpack yours
3. The movie is funny

?
.

4. Simon likes baseball,but he doesn’t like soccer .

or Dana’s
but it’s cold outside
and exciting
but he doesn’t like soccer

enjoy

exploring our solar system!
and (×2)

and light

strong and hot

and wide

or the Internet

and skin
moon and stars

• Complete the chart.
C

Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences.
1. You but your sister are tall.

20

You and your sister are tall.

Conjunction

Sentence

The movie is fun. + The movie is exciting.

The movie is fun and exciting.

2. Is your mom’s hair black but brown?

Is your mom’s hair black or brown?

→

3. Turn the handle or open the door.

Turn the handle and open the door.

The runner is old. + The runner is fast.

4. Do you like cats or you like dogs?

Do you like cats or dogs?

5. The man is rich, and he is unhappy.

The man is rich, but he is unhappy.

6. Peaches are sweet, or lemons are sour.

Peaches are sweet, but lemons are sour.

→
Does he enjoy hiking? + Does he enjoy fishing?
→ Does he enjoy hiking or fishing?

Unit 4

21


05

Andy helps his dad.

A

Grammar Station

Present Simple

We use the present simple to talk about facts or habits.
‌We use the base verb with I, you, we, or they. We add -s or -es to the base verb with he, she,
or it.
Positive

Negative
run.

I / You / We / They

runs.

He /She / It

I / You / We / They

do not
(=don’t)

run.

He /She / It

does not
(=doesn’t)

run.

Yes/No Question

B

Complete the sentences in the present simple.
keep

2.

go

3.

leave

My sister and I

4.

have

The house

My dad

you /we /they

run?

Yes, I /you /they do.

No, I /you /they don’t.

Does

he /she

run?

Yes, he /she does.

No, he /she doesn’t.

Dana is Andy’s sister.
She plays with the dog.
She doesn’t help her brother.

3.

22

Do
Does

Kate study hard?

don’t play
doesn’t play

clean
cleans

science.

2

Do

B No, they

B Yes, he

4. Do they

don’t like

French.

soccer.

their dogs?

a car.
the tall boy.

Complete the dialogues.

1. A

Circle the correct words.

cries

a nice view.

4. We know the tall girl, but we

2. A

2. The children

home at 8:00.

Complete the negative sentences in the present simple.

1

at night.

hiking once a month.

2. Helen studies Japanese, but she

C

cry

a diary.

3. Mr. Jones drives a car, but Mrs. Jones

Do

1. The baby

Jamie

1. I like math, but I

Answer

Andy helps his dad on Saturdays.
He brushes the horses and cleans
them.

keeps

1.

3. A
B No, he

4. A
B Yes, she

3

4

the boys study hard?

don’t

. They run around the library.

Neil like reading books?
. He is a quiet boy.
Harry like storybooks?
. He likes comic books.
Mrs. Lee need glasses?
.
Unit 5

23


Grammar in Writing
A

person’s
When you describe a
the
use
n
daily life, you ca
t.
simple presen

Look at Larry’s Wednesday schedule and complete the sentences.
Choose and complete the descriptive writing.
9:00

9:55

10:50

11:45

12:30

1:15

day, but she also
Math

Music

1. On Wednesdays, Larry
2. His math class

P.E.

has

4. He

lunch in the cafeteria at 12:30.

5. He

pictures in the art room.

work
take
read

at an animal shelter. Shetakes care of many

cleans

love

the shelter.

have

On weekends, she works at the public library. She

go home

English to people, and she

take care of

books to children. She goes home late every night,
but she really

clean

her life.

Choose and complete the sentences in the present simple.

2. Alice

doesn’t wash

to the bookstore.

4. Do they
5. Do you

the dishes.

her hair every morning.

3. I buy books online. I

in an apartment?

surf
not / wash
brush
live
not / go

• Complete the chart.

the Internet every day?

Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences.
1. Tony live in New Zealand.

2. He go swimming in summer.
3. He have a Christmas party in December.
4. His sister doesn’t likes snowboarding.

24

teach

another job. She does

kinds of animals. She also

sing
eat
start
draw
have

classes every

volunteer work every evening. On weekdays, she

Art

five classes.

songs.

1. Sam cleans his room, but he

C

Lunch

at 9:00.

3. In his music class, he

B

Science

takes

Jessica is a college student. She

Tony lives in New Zealand.
He goes swimming in summer.
He has a Christmas party in December.

Positive

Negative

don’t

We exercise.

We

You have a pet.

You

Beth and I go.

Beth and I

a pet.

He
Amy

He

exercises .

Your sister

exercise.

Do we

have a pet.

Do you

Your sister

exercise ?

don’t go .
have a pet.

Amy doesn’t exercise.
.

Question

doesn’t go.

a pet?
Beth and I go?

Does he

a pet?
Amy

exercise ?

your sister go?

His sister doesn’t like snowboarding.
Unit 5

25


06

I usually eat breakfast.

A

Grammar Station

Frequency Adverbs
Frequency adverbs tell us how often something happens.
Common frequency adverbs are always, usually, often, sometimes, and never.
0%

50%

B

The Verb Be + Frequency Adverb

Laura

Frequency
Adverb

is

always
usually
often
sometimes
never

always

My mom

2.

usually

I

3.

sometimes

4.

never

busy.

am

Jake

goes shopping
hungry
studies

It

is

on weekends.

around 12:00.
in

the library.

hot in my hometown.

Complete the sentences using frequency adverbs.
0%

They usually come after the verb be or before action verbs.

Be

1.

100%

always
usually
often
sometimes
never

Subject

Check the correct places for the frequency adverbs.

Frequency Adverb + Action Verb
Subject

Frequency
Adverb

Action
Verb

Laura

always
usually
often
sometimes
never

eats

50%

100%

1.

Your room is

2.

My brothers are

3.

Tim is

4.

breakfast.

C

always

messy.
noisy.

late for class.

Joe sometimes

goes for a walk.

Complete the sentences using frequency adverbs.
Activity

Mon

Tue

Wed

Thu

Fri

draw cartoons

How often do you eat
breakfast at home?
− I usually eat it at home.

Lisa never gets up late.
She is always busy.

Lydia’s
Week

go to the library
play soccer
water the plants

Match the frequencies with the correct frequency adverbs.
0%

50%

1.

often
26

2.
sometimes

100%

3.
never

1. Lydia

4.
always

5.
usually

always

draws cartoons.

2. She

goes to the library with her friends.

3. She

plays soccer after school.

4. She

waters the plants.
Unit 6

27


ter, you can
When you write a let
bs to explain
use frequency adver
e activities.
som
how often you do

Grammar in Writing
A

Complete the sentences using frequency adverbs.
1. Joe likes sweets. He

often

eats chocolate and candy.

(60%)

2. Steve hates lemons. He

(0%)

3. My dad loves cooking. He

Complete the letter.

drinks lemonade.

Dear Mom and Dad,

cooks for us.

Camp is wonderful! I

(80%)

4. Violet doesn’t like pink much, but she sometimes wear pink clothes.
(40%)

B

( breakfast / have / usually )

after breakfast. I

at 7:00. We

( exercise / always )

. We

( go / usually / swimming )

( go / often )

horseback riding. It’s exciting! I’m especially friendly with Rick.

1.

He

2.

A How often does it snow in January?

usually snows

3.

(usually)

( noisy / sometimes / is )

(sometimes)

. Rick
. We

( do / never / it )

The camp counselors

sometimes goes to America.

, but I

( goes / often / rafting )

( have / sometimes / a campfire )

at night.

.

( always / kind / are )

I miss you a lot. See you next week.
Love,
Josh

A How often are the twin brothers noisy?

are always

B They

4.

in January.

A How often does Ms. Grace go to America?
B She

(always)

noisy.

A How often does Jack clean his room?
B He

never cleans
(never)

his room.

• Complete the chart.
Frequency Adverbs
0%

Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences.
1. Joe watches TV often on Sundays.

Joe often watches TV on Sundays.

2. We usually are home at night.
3. She drinks never coffee after 9:00.
4. Ann sometimes have a pajama party.
28

and

( get up / always / early )

Complete the dialogues using the frequency adverbs.

B It

C

always get up early

1

50%

100%

1. The boys

always

2

2. Linda

3

3. We

4

4. My little brother is

5

5. I

play soccer after school.
draws cartoons.

study in the library.

sometimes noisy.

drink lemonade.

Ann sometimes has a pajama party.
Unit 6

29


07

Bob is writing a letter.

A

Present Continuous: Positive & Negative

We use the present continuous to talk about actions happening now.
We use the verb be + verb-ing for the present continuous.

I

am

He /She / It

is

We / You / They

are

Negative
I

am not (=’m not)

He /She / It

is not (=isn’t)

We / You / They

are not (=aren’t)

reading.

reading.

B

We add -ing to the base verbs to make the present continuous.
Base Verb

Present Continuous

+ -ing

eat
walk

eating
walking

verbs ending in -e

e + -ing

make
smile

making
smiling

verbs ending in
a vowel + a consonant

double consonant
+ -ing

run
sit

running
sitting

most verbs

having

1. have

Grammar Station

Positive

Write the -ing forms of the verbs.

C

2. clean

3. play

4. plan

5. sit

6. study

7. swim

8. smile

9. laugh

10. chase

Circle the correct words.
1. I am ( wash / washing ) the dishes.

2. Derek is ( make / making ) a kite.

3. Lisa and I ( am / are ) studying.

4. She ( not is / is not ) crying.

5. Dave is ( running / runing ).

6. We are ( having / haveing ) lunch.

7. Sonya is ( swimming / swiming ).

8. I’m ( do / doing ) my homework.

Complete the sentences in the present continuous.
1

2

3

4

Joan and Tina are walking to school.
They aren’t running.

Bob is writing a letter.
He isn’t sleeping.

5

Cross out the wrong -ing forms.
making
running
30

joging
writeing

1. I
goingdanceing
stopping

eating

siting

6

am watching a movie. Be quiet!

3. We
5. They

(watch)

(work)
(paint)

in the garden.
pictures.

2. Molly
4. The man
6. A cat

(run)
(dance)
(sit)

too fast.
.
on a bench.
Unit 7

31

y, you can use
When you write a pla
us to express
the present continuo
are doing.
ers
what the perform

Grammar in Writing
A

Complete the sentences in the present continuous.
1.

sing

2.

not / hit

3.

write

The tourist

4.

ride

We

5.

not / fix

The birds

are singing

Complete the play in the present continuous.

on the branch.

Sean and David are not[aren’t] hitting the balls.
postcards.

Title

on a train.

Mr. Forest

Characters

the computer.

Scene 1

Johnny Appleseed
Narrator / Johnny Appleseed / Choir / Children
(In the forest )

Children

B

Choose and complete the sentences in the present continuous.
on the floor

a skirt

a butterfly

People

are looking at
(look at)

the apple trees.

apples. The narrator

(eat)

on a chair. The choir

(sit)

, “Apple juice and

(sing)

applesauce, my sweet apple pie!”

the guitar
Scene 2

Johnny __________ shoes. He likes nature. He
(not / wear)

1

2

4

3

(plant)

apple seeds everywhere. People __________ at him.
(laugh)

But he

hard. He _________ a lot of apple

(work)

(carry)

seeds in his bag.

1. The girl isn’t wearing pants. She

is wearing a skirt

2. Rocky isn’t chasing a dragonfly. He

.

3. People aren’t sitting on chairs. They
4. I’m not playing the violin. I

.

.
.

• Complete the chart.
C

1. The boat is move.

The boat is moving.

2. My friends talking loudly.

32

Positive

Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences.

3. The train is come into the station.

The train is coming into the station.

4. Everybody is run to the station.

Everybody is running to the station.

I

am

He /She / It

is

We / You / They

are

Negative

reading

(read)

.

dancing .
(dance)

(run)

.

I
He /She / It
We / You / They

am not

reading .

(=’m not)
(=
(=

is not
are not

aren’t

(read)

)
)

dancing .
(dance)

(run)

.

Unit 7

33


08

Is Ron watching TV?

A

1. A Are you ( write / writing ) a letter?

Grammar Station

B No, I’m not. I’m ( draw / drawing ) a picture.

Present Continuous: Questions

2. A ( Is / Are ) Nancy cleaning her room?

To make yes/no questions, we put the verb be before the subject.
To make wh-questions, we put the question words what or where before the verb be.
Question

Yes, you are.

No, you aren’t.

Yes, I am.

No, I’m not.

Yes, he is.

No, he isn’t.

Are they

Yes, they are.

No, they aren’t.

What

are you
is he

eating?

I’m eating a sandwich.
He’s eating fried chicken.

Where

are they
is she

sleeping?

They’re sleeping in their car.
She’s sleeping in her bed.

Are you

Yes/No
Question

Is he

Wh-question

Is Ron watching TV?
− No, he isn’t.
Is he reading a storybook?
− Yes, he is.

B No. ( She’s / She ) playing in the yard.

3. A Is your sister ( ride / riding ) a bike?

Answer

Am I
sleeping?

B No. She is ( make / making ) snowballs in the backyard.

B

Complete the questions in the present continuous.

1.

take a nap

A

2.

make bubbles

A

3.

hit the balls

4. clean the bathroom

Where are they playing?
− They are playing on the beach.
What are they making?
− They are making a sandcastle.

Is Mr. Todd

taking a nap ?

the girl making bubbles ?

A the players
A

4

B No, he isn’t.
B Yes, she is.

hitting the balls ? B Yes, they are.

Are the girls

?

B No, they aren’t.

Complete the questions using what or where.
1. A

Match the questions with the correct answers.

3

2

1

C

34

Circle the correct words.

What is

your dad

1. Are you watching TV?

Yes, he is.

2. A

Amy

2. Is he reading a book?

No, I’m not.

3. A

you

3. What is she cooking?

They’re swimming.

4. A

4. What are they doing?

She’s cooking fish.

5. A

making ?
?

he

B She’s studying in her room.

?

the boys

B I’m eating apple pie.

?

?

B He’s making a sandwich.

B They’re going to the park.
B He’s reading a magazine.
Unit 8

35


one call, you
When you make a ph
continuous to
can use the present
ening at that
pp
express what is ha

Grammar in Writing
A

Complete the dialogues in the present continuous.

moment.

Are you talking to Brian?

I am

1.

talk

A

2.

exercise

A

dadexercising in
the gym? B No,
your

.

3.

rain

A

it

B Yes,

.

4.

have

A

the students

B No,

.

5.

plan

A

Ann planning a trip to Italy?

B Yes,

.

B Yes,

in your town?
lunch?

Complete the dialogue in the present continuous.

.

is watching

It’s Saturday afternoon. Mandy

is eating

She

B

TV. (watch)

some snacks. (eat) Her phone

. (ring)

Choose and complete the dialogues in the present continuous.
make / an invitation
watch / the ice show

Hi, Mandy? It’s Simon.

go / to the airport
jog / in the park

you

I’m watching a funny TV show. _______________ TV, too? (you / watch)
No,

1

2

4

3

? (what / do)

.

What are you doing?

your English paper? (you / write)
. I’m taking care of my cousins.

No,

I see. What are they doing?

1. A

What are the girls watching ?

2. A

she

3. A

Chris

B They are

?

4. A the people

watching the ice show .

B She is

?

B He is

?

B They are

Jake is eating ice cream, and Joe is …
Oh, no!

.

over the ice cream! (they / fight)

.
.

• Complete the chart.
Yes/No Question

C

Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences.
1. Where the artist is going?

Am

I
they
it

you are

.

No, you aren’t .

Where is the artist going?

2. What they are wearing?
3. What is Nelly and Ben doing?

Yes,

Wh-question

sleeping?

they are .
No,they aren’t .
Yes,
Yes,
No,

.
.

are you reading?
- I am reading a magazine.
is he drawing?
- He is drawing in the art room.

4. Does your sister sleeping?
36

Unit 8

37


09

I was very scared.

A

Grammar Station

Past Simple (The Verb Be): Positive & Negative
We use the past simple to talk about something that happened in the past.
The verb be has two past forms: was and were.
‌We often use the past simple with these words: yesterday, last week, last year, etc.
Positive
I

was

a teacher last year.

He /She / It

was

in London last week.

We / You / They

were

sick yesterday.

B

was not (=wasn’t)

a teacher last year.

He /She / It

was not (=wasn’t)

in London last week.

We / You / They

were not (=weren’t)

1. I ( was / were ) at the beach.

2. She ( was / were ) on the swing.

3. The lady ( was / were ) quiet.

4. It ( was / were ) foggy yesterday.

5. You ( was / were ) weak last year.

6. The show ( was / were ) fun.

7. My clothes ( was / were ) wet.

8. The plants ( was / were ) small.

Complete the sentences with wasn’t or weren’t.
1. The tower
3. He

Negative
I

Circle the correct words.

wasn’t big.

2. The cowboys weren’t scared.
4. Hannah

a basketball player.

5. My shoes weren’t on the shelf.

6. We

7. There

8. It

a bakery here.

dark in the room.

Complete the sentences.
1.

Dave

Bob

before

now

Ken’s parents
They

Bob wasn’t the captain of our team.
Dave was the captain.

2.

were

in Paris last week.

were very busy there.

They are

Check the correct sentences.

38

angry this morning.

sick yesterday.

C

There was a big storm last night.
I was very scared.

thin last year.

My sister

in Rome now.
sick yesterday.

She

in bed all day.

She

all right now.

1.

I wasn’t at home last night.

I’m not at home last night.

2.

It was hot last week.

It is hot last week.

3.

We are tired yesterday.

We were tired yesterday.

We

not bored.

4.

He wasn’t tall last year.

He weren’t tall last year.

We

in the tent now.

3.

Tim and I

under the tree at noon.

Unit 9

39


ort about the
When you write a rep
past simple
past, you can use the
.
form of the verb be

Grammar in Writing
A

Complete the sentences in the past simple.
2

1

3

Complete the report in the past simple.

4

Dinosaurs Became Extinct
big / small

sunny / cloudy

1. It

was sunny

boring / fun

this morning. It

huge / small

wasn’t cloudy

were

.

before. They

2. My glasses
3. The magic show

.

. It

4. This dinosaur

We can see many dinosaurs in movies. Some dinosaurs

small. T. rex

a meat-eating giant. It

very fierce.

Brachiosaurus and Diplodocus

.

. It

really huge and some

but they

.

big and tall,

T. rex

meat-eating dinosaurs. They were

plant eaters. There are no dinosaurs

B

today. We can just see their bones

Complete the sentences.

in natural history museums.

Past

1.

Joe was at the birthday party.

2. There weren’t many people.
3. Joe wasn’t

hungry.

4.

Lynn’s cats were under the table.

5.

Simon was sick yesterday.

We only know they

Present

Joe is at the birthday party.
There aren’t many people.
Joe isn’t hungry.

here on Earth a long time ago.

Brachiosaurus

Diplodocus

They went extinct millions of years ago!
What

the reason? Nobody knows for sure!

Lynn’s cats areunder the table.
Simon

today.

• Complete the chart.
C

Positive

Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences.
1. Eric not was tired yesterday.

Eric was not tired yesterday.

2. They wasn’t busy last week.
3. We was not in Canada last month.
4. I were in my room after lunch.

We were not in Canada last month.
I was in my room after lunch.

I
He
My aunt
The actor
We
They

was

Negative

tired last night.

She
Her dad

busy yesterday.

Ken
The boy

sleepy then.

You
They

was
not are
happy
yesterday.
These
my vases.
wasn’t
(=
)
at home at 7:00.
(= wasn’t )

were not in Sydney last year.
(=weren’t)

5. You was at the beach yesterday.
40

Unit 9

41


10

Was he sick last night?

A

Circle the correct words.

1.

Grammar Station

Were

Past Simple (The Verb Be): Questions
3.

To make yes/no questions, we put the verb was or were before the subject.
‌To make wh-questions, we put the question words where or who at the beginning of
sentences.
Question
Were you

Yes/No
Question

Was he

sick?

Were they
Where
Wh-question

Who

were you last night?
was he this morning?

Yes, you were.

No, you weren’t.

Yes, I was.

No, I wasn’t.

Yes, he was.

No, he wasn’t.

Yes, they were. No, they weren’t.

5.

B

C

Match the questions with the correct answers.

42

2.

you tired yesterday?

Was

Were

4.

he at home at 6:00?

Was
Were

6.

Tony and Cindy scared?

Was
Were

it hot last week?

she sick last night?

the books fun?

Complete the dialogues in the past simple.
1. A

I was at home.
He was at the library.

Where were you after school?
− I was on the playground.

Was
Were

was the boy next to you? He was my cousin.
were the girls with Dave? They were his classmates.

Was Mark at the library after school?
− No, he wasn’t.

Was
Were

Answer

Was I

Was

Was

he wasn’t .

Billy at your birthday party?

B No,

2. A

you busy yesterday?

B Yes, I was[we were].

3. A

Larry at home this morning? B No,

.

4. A

the boys hungry?

B No,

.

5. A

the story interesting?

B Yes,

.

Complete the dialogues in the past simple using where or who.
1

2

1. A

Where were you after lunch?

4

3

B

I was

in the music room.

1. Was Laura busy last week?

No, we weren’t.

2. Were you and Joe classmates?

He was at camp.

2. A

the boy with glasses?

B

my younger brother.

3. Who were the tall men?

Yes, she was.

3. A

the women?

B

famous singers.

4. Where was Fred yesterday?

They were models.

4. A

Angela?

B

in the backyard.
Unit 10

43


tective story,
When you write a de

simple
you can use the past
that
ing
eth
to talk about som
st.
pa
the
happened in

Grammar in Writing
A

Complete the questions in the past simple.
1.

shorter

A

Were you shorter last year?

B Yes, I was.

2.

in the hospital

A

Was he in the hospital last week?

B No, he wasn’t.

3.

cloudy

A

4.

tired

A

5.

best friends

Was it cloudy

Complete the detective story in the past simple.

Mr. Poirot is a famous detective in Agatha Christie’s mysteries.
He investigates crimes and finds clues.
He is interviewing a suspect now.

this morning? B Yes, it was.

yesterday?

A Were you best friends last year?

B No, they weren’t.

Mr. Higglins,

where were

B Yes, we were.

you last night at 11:30?

at a cafe in Greenwich.
alone there?

B

Choose and complete the answers in the past simple.
in the laundry basket
in a cafe
1

2

No,

. I was with two people.

Who

they?
Mr.

in the swimming pool
my classmate

Mrs.

Johns.

Are they your friends?
No, they aren’t. They

4

3

and



with me

for an interview. I’m a writer for a magazine.

Okay, sir. Thank you for your time.

C

B He

2. A Where were your parents?

B They

3. A Where were your sneakers?

B They

4. A Where was Nick this morning?

B He

.

were in the laundry bask.

et

was in the swimminol

2. Who were the girl in the pink shoes?
3. Was the books mine?
4. Were there an old tree in this town?

• Complete the chart.
Yes/No Question

Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences.
1. Where was your puppies?

44

was my classmate last year.

1. A Who was the boy next to you?

Where were your puppies?

Were they

Who was the girl in the pink shoes?
Were the books mine?

Yes,

Was Sally

he

No,
busy?

Wh-question

she was
she wasn’t

.
.

Yes,
No,

.

they weren’t .

Yes,
No,

.
.

the boys?
- They were my cousins.

your umbrella?
- It was under the table.

Was there an old tree in this town?
Unit 10

45


11

They worked together.

A

1. dance

Grammar Station

Past Simple: Positive & Negative
‌ usually add -d or -ed to the base verb to make the past form.
We
Some verbs change their forms irregularly.
We put did not before the base verb to make negative sentences.
Positive
I / We / You / They
He /She / It

Negative
worked.

I / We / You / They

B

did not
(=didn’t)

He /She / It

work.

Base Verb

Past Simple Verb

most verbs

+ -ed

walk
help

walked
helped

verbs ending in -e

+ -d

move
live

moved
lived

verbs ending in
a consonant + -y

y + -ied

cry
study

cried
studied

verbs ending in
a vowel + a consonant

double consonant
+ -ed

stop
plan

stopped
planned

irregular

come – came
give – gave
run – ran
see – saw

have
make
lose
tell

–
–
–
–

had
made
lost
told

go
eat
say
buy

–
–
–
–

Write the past simple forms of the verbs.

went
ate
said
bought

cut – cut
hit – hit
break – broke

read – read

Henry’s family moved to a new house.
Everybody worked together.
Henry put his books on the shelf.

C

danced

2. cry

3. jog

4. cut

5. make

6. study

7. move

8. help

Complete the sentences in the past simple.
1.

do

2.

write

3.

live

Uncle Martin

4.

read

I

did

The students
Benjamin

a postcard.
in Berlin two years ago.
storybooks to children at the library.

Complete the sentences in the past simple.
1.

( study / play )

Charlie

He
2.

studied
for the exam.
didn’t play baseball.

( read / write )

My grandpa
He
3.

He
4.

46

1. sleeped / slept

2. read / readed

3. danceed / danced

4. studied / studyed

5. planed / planned

6. maked / made

the newspaper.
a letter.

( dance / sing )

Larry

Circle the correct past simple forms.

some volunteer work yesterday.

at the birthday party.
a song.

( go / eat )

Tim and I
We

to a movie last night.
dinner at a restaurant.
Unit 11

47


wspaper
When you write a ne
that
nt

article about an eve
you can
st,
pa
happened in the
.
ple
sim
use the past

Grammar in Writing
A

Look at the list and complete the sentences.
Last Vacation

1. Mike

went

Complete the newspaper article in the past simple.
to Italy.

go to Italy

2. He

a robot.

make a robot

3. He

many films.

4. He

a new camera.

5. He

in a half marathon.

watch many films
buy a new camera
run in a half marathon

TORNADOES HIT

THE
MIDWEST
By Joseph Ferry

Tornadoes and heavy thunderstorms

hit

(hit)

the Midwest yesterday.

Strong winds destroyed (destroy) many roads, houses, and bridges. They

B

knocked

Complete the sentences.

down all the trees there. “The sky

Present

1.

Jenny planned a trip to India.

2.

My mom came home early.
some cheesecake.

4.

The baby didn’t cry loudly.

5.

My dad

6.

She didn’t study for the exam.

yesterday.

Jenny plans a trip to India.
home early.
They eat some cheesecake.

(describe)

helped

She doesn’t study for the exam.

I bought a soccer ball yesterday.

2. Lynn wash her dad’s car last Saturday.

Lynn washed her dad’s car last Saturday.
My family got up early this morning.

4. Susan call me last night.

48

(help)

everything,”

our reporter. He described

the scene to CNN’s News Day . A lot of volunteers

there and

dark for 20

(go)

the rescue team. However, they need more helping

hands.

My dad arrives today.

1. I buy a soccer ball yesterday.

5. We watch a magic show last Friday.

(tell)

(is)
(lose)

“People here

told

was

loudly.

Correct the underlined words and rewrite the sentences.

3. My family gets up early this morning.

(say).

Wisconsin Mayor Gary Manier

• Complete the chart.
Verb

C

said

minutes,” a farmer

Past

3.

(knock)

Positive

moved

Negative

the boxes.

I didn’t

cooked curry for lunch.

didn’t cook curry for lunch.
The children didn’t write a postcard.

move

I

cook

My mom

write

The children

read

He

come

They

wrote a postcard.

a book after dinner.

came back home at 7:00.

cut

We

the paper into circles.

eat

We

sandwiches for lunch.

move the boxes.

My mom

didn’t read a book after dinner.
They didn’t come back home at 7:00.

He

didn’t cut the paper into circles.

We didn’t cut sandwiches for lunch.
We

We watched a magic show last Friday.
Unit 11

49