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GEORGES AUGUSTE ESCOFFIER’S LIFE
Ninety years ago, the Carlton Hotel
in London had the most famous
restaurant in the world under a chef
called Georges Auguste Escoffier.
Many young chefs trained there and
carried the excellence of French
cuisine to countries all over the
world. Escoffier started cooking at
his uncle’s restaurant in Nice in
1859, when he was thirteen. At
nineteen, he moved to Paris to the
famous Petit Moulin Rouge. He stayed there for many years, married, and had
two sons and a daughter. In 1884, he moved to Monte-Carlo as Directeur de
Cuisine at the Grand Hotel and in summer he worked at the Hotel National in
Lucerne, Switzerland. Here he met César Ritz and in 1890 they both went to
London to manage the Savoy Hotel there. Later, they opened the Ritz in Paris and
the Carlton in London.
At the Carlton, he introduced the first à la carte menu. At large banquet-style
meals, Escoffier abandoned a practice called service a la francaise (service in the
French style), in which collections of dishes of all kinds were served at table
simultaneously; instead, the French chef chose to standardize service a la russe
(service in the Russian style), in which each course is presented in the order that
it appears on the menu. Also during this time the French chef introduced and
perfected some of his many innovations to cookery, restaurant service, and
kitchen organization. Departing from the style of previous chefs, Escoffier
simplified the art of cooking, doing away with excessive garnishes, heavy sauces,
and elaborate presentations.
When he was seventy-three years old, Escoffier
returned to Monte-Carlo but still worked for another