Reported speech- AV12

REPORTED SPEECH
(CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT)
Monday, July 21
st
2008

I. ĐỊNH NGHĨA:
Reported speech là thuật lại lời của một
người với nội dung không đổi nhưng ngữ
liệu có thể thay đổi
Tom says: “ I am hungry”
Tom says that he is hungry
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Reporting verb

II.CÁCH ĐỔI:
a. Khi reporting verb ở hiện tại ta chỉ đổi một
yếu tố (pronouns : đại từ )
-Ngôi thứ nhất ( I, we, me, us , my, our , myself,
ourselves ) đổi theo người nói
Ex:
1. He says to me: “ I spent all my money ”
He tells me that he spent all his money
2. She says : “ I have cut myself”
She says that she has cut herself

-Ngôi thứ hai ( you, your, yours , yourself)
đổi theo người nghe
Ex:

1. He says to her: “ you look very nice”
He tells her that she looks very nice
2. He says to her : “ i will give you a gift”
He tells her that he will give her a gift
3. She speaks to me: “ I want to borrow your pen”
She tells me that she wants to borrow my pen

-Ngôi thứ ba (he, she , it , they …) giữ
nguyên
Ex:
1.My mother says:“He wants to marry his girlfriend”
My mother says that he wants to marry his girlfriend
2. He says : “ They asked her for some money”
He says that they asked her for some money

b. Khi reporting verb ở quá khứ ta đổi 3 yếu tố :
pronouns, verb tenses , adverbs
Ex:
1. Tom said: “ I am hungry”
Tom said that he was hungry
2. Mary said to me: “ I am broke”
Mary told me that she was broke

- Quy tắc lùi thì
•
Simple present → past simple
•
Present progressive → past progressive
•
Present perfect →past perfect

•
Past simple →past perfect
•
Past progressive →past perfect progressive
•
Will → would
•
Can → could

- Cách đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn
•
Now → then
•
Today → that day
•
Yesterday → the day before / the previous day
•
Last (month) → the (month) before / the
previous (month) …)
•
tomorrow → the following day / the next day/ the
day after
•
Next (month ) → the following month / the next
month / the month after