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1
6H6.
H
H
H
C
C
C
C
C
C
H
H
H
TOPPER. Chú ý
nH2n–6
(n
6).
2
ortho
meta
X
para
X
1
X
1
Y
2
6
5
3
4
1
2
6
5
3
4
Y
6
2
5
3
4
Y
o, m, p.
1
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không
A) C6H5–CH3.
C) C6H5–CH=CH2.
B) C6H5–CH2CH3.
D) C6H5–CH(CH3)2.
1
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3
VD1: C6H5–CH2CH3 là etylbenzen.
Khác nhau
VD2:
* + "benzen"
CH3
CH3
2
4
5
1
6
6H5CH(CH3)2
5
CH3
6
1
m"
nhóm C2H5
C2H5
1–etyl–3–metylbenzen
CH3
theo danh pháp IUPAC là
isopropylbenzen.
2
4
m
TOPPER. Chú ý
Do "e
3
3
CH3–CH–CH3
CH3
CH3
Toluen
Xilen
Cumen
6H5CH3
6H5CH(CH3)2
3C6H5CH3
2
H3C
CH3
A) etylbenzen.
C) o
B) m
D)
A) C6H5CH(CH3)2.
C) C6H5–CH=CH2.
B) C6H5CH2CH3.
D) C6H5CH3.
3
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2
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4
7H8
A) 1.
B) 2.
C) 3.
là
D) 4.
5
8H10
A) 1.
B) 2.
6
(a)
C) 3.
là
D) 4.
(b)
CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
(c)
(d)
Br
Br
Br
Br
(e)
(f)
C2H5
CH3
CH3
C2H5
3
CH3
X
7
CH3
A) p–clotoluen.
C) m–clotoluen.
8
Cl
B) o–clotoluen.
D) clobenzen.
Br
CH3
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3
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4
•
• HNO3 (khi có xúc tác H2SO4
VD3:
+
+
Br2
HNO3
Br
+
Fe
to
HBr
NO2
H2SO 4
+
to
H2O
• ankyl.
• OH, NH2, OCH3, halogen
• CHO, COOH.
• NO2, SO3H.
VD4:
CH3
Br
CH3
CH3
+
Br2
Fe
+
to
HBr
Br
CH3
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Br
4
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A) C6H5–CH(CH3)2.
C) C6H5COOH.
A
6H6
B) C6H5Cl.
D) C6H5OH.
+ Br2
A) brombenzen.
C) p–bromtoluen.
Fe
to
X + HBr
B) m–bromtoluen.
D) o–bromtoluen.
B
A) –CH3, –C2H5, –SO3H.
B) –OH, –NH2, –COOH.
C) –SO3H, –CHO, –COOH.
D) –C2H5, –OH, –Br.
C
A) –CH3, –COOH, –COOCH3.
B) –NO2, –Cl, –NH2.
C) –CH3, –OH, –NH2.
D) –NO2, –SO3H, –COOH.
D
6H5COOH
+ Br2
Fe
to
là
A) m–Br–C6H4–COOH.
C) o– và p–Br–C6H4–COOH.
B) o–Br–C6H4–COOH.
D) m–Br–C6H4–COOH.
E
6H5–COOH (X); C6H5–CH3 (Y); C6H5–CH(CH3)2 (Z);
C6H5–NO2 (T); C6H5–NH2
HNO3/H2SO4
A) X, T, U.
B) Y, Z, U.
C) X, T.
D) Y, Z.
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2
thành là xicloankan.
VD4:
CH3
+
CH3
xt
3H2
to , p cao
CH3
VD5:
CH3
Fe, to
Cl
+Cl2
CH2Cl
askt
4
–COOH.
COO K+
R
COOH
H+
KMnO4
to
–
2
F
(a) toluen + H2
(b) cumen + Br2
(c) etylbenzen + HNO3 / H2SO4
(d) benzen + KMnO4 / H2SO4
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G
không
4.
A)
B)
C)
4.
2
và H2O,
D)
H
8H10.
A) o
C) m
B)
D) etylbenzen.
I
C6H5CH2CH3
KMnO4
H2O, to
X
HCl
Y
A) C6H5COOK, C6H5COOH.
B) C6H5COOH, C6H5COOK.
C) C6H5CH2COOK, C6H5CH2COOH.
D) C6H5CH2COOK, C6H5COOH.
J
C6H5CH(CH3)2
A) C6H5CH(COOK)2.
C) C6H5COOK.
KMnO4
H2O, to
X
HCl
Y
B) C6H5CH(COOH)2.
D) C6H4(COOK)2.
K
(1) C6H5CH3 + KMnO4
C6H5COOK + MnO2 + KOH + H2O.
(2) C6H4(CH3)2 + KMnO4 + H2SO4
C6H4(COOH)2 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O.
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L
8H10
4
A) etylbenzen.
C) o–xilen.
B) m–xilen.
D)
–
M
2
VCO
và H2
7
.
4
2
VH2O
4
N
CO2
không khí
= 29) và A
4 khi
O
2
A) 1:1.
và H2
B) 1:3.
A
C) 3:1.
: nB là
D) 1:2.
P
2
mCO2
và H2
A
mH2O
+Cl2
B+C
Fe, to
+Cl2
D
askt
+HNO3
H2SO4
77
. A tham gia
18
E+F
o
+KMnO4
G
–
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5
Stiren và naphtalen
CH=CH2
Stiren
•
•
CTPT: C8H8
Naphtalen
CTPT: C10H8
VD6:
polistiren (PS)
CH=CH2
—CH–CH2—
n
n
xt
to
polistiren (PS)
Q
(a)
(b)
(c)
R
(a)
(b)
3
có xúc tác H2SO4
S
4
htttp://tuhoc.edu.vn/blog
A) benzen.
C) stiren.
B) toluen.
D) naphtalen.
9
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T
8H8
4
A) vinyl.
B) etyl.
C) anlyl.
D) metyl.
U
A) C8H8Br2.
C) C8H6Br4.
B) C8H7Br3.
D) C8H6Br2.
V
A) C8H8.
B) C8H10.
C) C7H20.
D) C9H9.
W
là
A) etylbenzen.
C) o–vinyltoluen.
B) p–vinyltoluen.
D) stiren.
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Câu
1
C
Câu
C
D
2
B
D
A
3
D
E
C
4
A
5
D
F
G
D
H
6
7
A
Câu
N
O
C
B
P
Q
R
S
C
I
A
T
A
J
C
U
B
V
A
W
D
8
9
C
A
A
K
L
B
D
M
A
6
(a) 1,3
(b) 1,2
(d) 1,4
(e) 1–etyl–2–metylbenzen hay o–etyltoluen
(f) 1–etyl–4–metylbenzen hay p–etyltoluen
8 m–bromtoluen
F
CH3
CH3
(a)
+ 3H2
Ni
to ,xt,p
Fe
(b) C6H5CH(CH3)2 + Br2
(c) C6H5CH3 + HNO3
to
H2SO 4
to
o– và p–BrC6H4CH(CH3)2 + HBr
o– và p–NO2C6H4CH3 + H2O
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K C6H5CH3 + 2KMnO4
C6H5COOK + 2MnO2 + KOH + H2O
5C6H4(CH3)2 + 12KMnO4 + 18H2SO4
5C6H4(COOH)2 + 12MnSO4 + 6K2SO4 + 28H2O
M Toluen, C6H5CH3
N Benzen, C6H6
P A là toluen, C7H8 hay C6H5CH3
C6H5CH3 + Cl2
Fe
C6H5CH3 + Cl2
askt
o– và p–ClC6H5CH3 (B, C) + HCl
to
C6H5CH2Cl (D) + HCl
H2SO 4
C6H5CH3 + HNO3
C6H5CH3 + 2KMnO4
C6H5COOK (G) + 2MnO2 + KOH + H2O
Q
(a) C6H5CH=CH2 + Br2
(b) C6H5CH=CH2 + HBr
(c) nC6H5CH=CH2
o– và p–NO2C6H4CH3 (E, F) + H2O
to
C6H5CHBr–CH2Br
C6H5CHBr–CH3
—CH2—CH——
xt
to ,p cao
C6H5
R
n
NO2
(a)
+ HNO3
(b)
+ 5H2
H2SO 4
to
+ H2O
Ni
to ,p
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12