Đề cương ôn thi nâng ngạch công chức môn kiến thức chung

De ctrong chuyen de 1
MOT SO VAN DE C6 BAN VE HE THONG CHINH TRI VA
PRILfaNG THeC LANH DAO CUA BANG DOI VOI
HOAT BONG CUA HE THONG CHINH TRI
1.1. KHAI QUAT VE HE THONG CHINH TRI NU'OC TA
1.1.1. Khai ni@n va cAti trtic he; thOng chinh tri
* He thong chinh tri la mot chinh the cac to chirc chinh tri trong xa h6i
bao gom cac clang chinh tri, nha nu6c va cac to chirc chinh tri - xa h6i hop phap
dugc lien ket v6i nhau trong mot he thong to chirc nharn tic Ong vao cac qua
trinh cua d6i song xa h6i; ding co, duy tri va phat trien the do duang thoi phu
hgp v6i lgi ich cua giai cap cam quyen.
He th6ng chinh tri cua chti nghia xa h6i dugc quan niern la he thOng cac
to chirc chinh tri - xa h6i ma nh6 do nhan dan lao dOng thgc thi quyen lgc cua
minh trong xa h6i.
* He th6ng chinh tri 6 nu6c to hien nay bao g6m:
- Dang C6ng san Viet Nam.
- Nha nuacc COng h6a xa h6i chu nghia Viet Nam.
- Kat tan T6 qu6c Viet Nam va cac doan the chinh tri - xa h6i:
+ T6ng Lien doan Lao dOng Viet Nam.
+ Doan Thanh nien C6ng san H6 Chi Minh.
+ H6i Lien hiep Phu nix Viet Nam.
+ H6i Nong dan Viet Nam.
+ H6i Cgu chien binh Viet Nam.
Tuy vai tro, vi tri, chirc nang, phucmg thirc hogt

cac to chirc

trong he th6ng chinh tri c6 khac nhau, nhung deu c6 diem chung la thirc hien va
phat huy quyen lam chi' cua nhan dan va deu c6 chung mot mgc dich la phan
dau xay dung mot nuOc Viet Nam d6c lap, h6a binh, th6ng nhat, gidu
1

1.1.2. Nhiing van de co. ban ye he thOng chinh tri
1.1.2.1. Dung COng san Viet Nam
- Dang COng san Viet Nam la mot b6 phan cua he th6ng chinh tri, nhung
Dang la hrc luting lanh dao cac to chirc con lai cua he th6ng chinh
- Dang COng san Viet Nam la cl6i tien phong cua giai cap ding nhan, d6ng
theyi la d6i tien phong cua nhan dan lao dOng va cua dan t6c Viet Nam; dai Neu
trung thanh lgi ich cua giai cap cong nhan, nhan dan lao dOng va cua dan t6c.
- Mix dich cua Dang la xay dung nuo.c Viet Nam d6c lap, dan chu, giau
manh, xa h6i cong Wang, van minh, khong con ngix6i boc 16t nguefi, thuc hien
thanh cong chu nghia xa h6i va cu6i ding la chill nghia cong san.
- Dang lay chU nghia Mac - Lenin, tu tuang H6 Chi Minh lam nen tang tu
Wong, kim chi nam cho hanh dOng.
- Dang duvc xay dung theo nhang nguyen 1T clang kieu moi cua giai cap vo
san.
- Dang hoat dOng trong khuon kh6 Hien phap va phap 141- .
- Dang COng san Viet Nam la clang Cam quyen, ton trong va phat huy
quyen lam chfi cua nhan dan, dua vao nhan dan de xay dung Dang.
- Dang COng san Viet Nam rat quan tam den ding tac xay dung Dang,
thuong xuyen tu d6i mth, tu chinh d6n, khong ngimg nang cao chat luting d6i
ngu can b6, dang vien, nang cao nang luc lanh dao va sirc chien dau, hoan thanh
nhiem vu dugc giao.
- Dang ket hop chu nghia yeti nu& chan chinh \fed chu nghia qu6c t6
trong sang cua giai cap cong nhan.
1.1.2.2. Nha nwov COng hba xa hOi chit nghia Viet Nam
Nha nuerc COng h6a xa h6i chu nghia Viet Nam la nha nuerc phap quyen
xa h6i chd nghia cua nhan dan, do nhan dan, vi nhan dan. Tat ca quyen hrc nha
nu& thu6c ve nhan dan ma nen tang la lien minh gifia giai cap cong nhan voi
giai cap nong dan va d6i ngu tri thirc.

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Quyen lgc nha nuerc la th6ng nhat, có sir phan cong va phi hgp gift cac
co quan nha nu& trong viec thgc hien cac quyen lap phap, hanh phap, tu phap.
Nha nuac bao dam va khong ngimg phat huy quyen lam chi' cua nhan
dan, thgc hien muc tieu dan giau, nu& manh, dan chU, cong bang, van minh,
mgi ngueri c6 cu6c song to do, am no, hanh phUc, c6 di'eu kien phat trien toan
dien.
Cac co quan nha nuov, can b6, cong chirc, vien chirc nha nuerc phai ton
trgng nhan dan, tan tgy phgc vg nhan dan, rang nghe y kien cua nhan dan..., dau
tranh ch6ng tham nhfing, lang phi va nhimg bieu hien tieu cgc khac.
Ta. char be) may cfia Nha nu*
Nha nu& COng flea xa h6i chu nghia Viet Nam bao g6m Qu6c h6i, Chu
tich nuov, Chinh phu, he th6ng tu phap (Ma an va Vien Kiem sat nhan dan) va
chinh quyen cac dia phuong.
1.1.2.3. Wit trgn To quac Viet Nam
Mat tran To qu6c Viet Nam la mot 136 phan cila he th6ng chinh tri, la co
so chinh tri ctia chinh quyen nhan dan.
Mat tran T6 qu6c Viet Nam c6 vai tro rat quan trong trong viec tap hgp
xay dung kh6i d4i doan ket toan dan, phat huy quyen lam chu cua nhan dan,
thgc hien viec hiep thucmg dan chu, ph6i hgp va th6ng nhat hanh d6ng gifla cac
thanh vien trong sg nghiep xay dgng va bao ve T6 qu6c Viet Nam xa h6i chu
nghia.
Mat tran T6 qu6c Viet Nam có nhiem vu la:
+ Tap hgp xay dgng kh6i dai doan ket toan dan, tang cuemg sg nhat tri v'e
chinh tri va tinh than trong nhan dan.
+ Tuyen truyen d6ng vien nhan dan thgc hien duOng 16i, chu truong,
chinh sach cna Dang, Nha nuov.

+ Giam sat hoat d6ng cna co quan nha nudec, dai bieu dan cir va can b'6,
cong chirc Nha nuac.
+ Tap hgp y kien, kien nghi cua nhan dan de phan anh, kien nghi voi
Dang, Nha nuac.
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+ Tham gia xay dung va cung co chinh quyen nhan dan, ding Nhd nuac
cham lo, bao ve quyen va loi ich chinh gang cua nhan dan.
+ Tham gia phat trier' tinh hiru nghi, hop tac gifra nhan dan Viet Nam vai
nhan dan cac nuac trong khu vgc ya tren the giai.
1.1.2.4. Ccic dam th'j chinh tri - xd hOi
Cac doan the chinh tri - xa h6i c6 vi tri quan trong trong he th6ng chinh
tri. Tuy ton chi, mvc dich, phuong thirc hoot dOng... c6 khac nhau, nhung day la
cac to chirc dal dien cho quyen va loi ich hop phap cua cac doan vien, h6i
gop phan tang cuang m6i lien he mat thiet gifia Dang vd Nhd nu& vai nhan
dan, doan ke't toan dan xay dung va bao ve T6 qu6c.
1.2. DOI MOI PHIfONG TIltrC LANH DA0 CUA BANG DOI VOI
HOAT BONG CUA HE THONG CHINH TRI
1.2.1 Quan niem ve phuong thtic Minh ciao ciia Ding
Phucmg thirc lanh dao cua Dang la he th6ng cac hinh thirc, phuong phap,
quy che, quy dinh, quy trinh, the d6, le 16i lam viec... ma Dang (chii the lanh
dao) sir dung de tac dOng vac) d6i Wong lanh dap nham thirc hien tot not dung
lanh dao.
Trong qua trinh lanh dao, phuong thirc lanh dao cita Dang khong ngixng
&roc 116 sung, d6i mai. Cucmg link xay digrng dot nuac trong tiled kS7 qua d6 len
chit' nghia xa h6i a nu& ta chi ro: Dang lanh dao xa h6i bang Cuang linh, chin
lugc, cac dinh huang ve chinh sach vd chit truong cong tac; bang cong tac tuyen
truyen, thuyet phvc, van dOng, to chirc ki'em tra va bang hanh dOng guang m'au
cua dang vien. Dang gioci thieu nhung dang vien uu to c6 du nang hxc va pharn

chat vdo hoot dOng trong cac co quan lanh ciao chinh quyen va cac doan the.
Dang khong lam thay cong viec cua cac to chirc khac trong he th6ng chinh tri.
Tai H6i nghi dai bieu town qu6c giva nhiem kS7 khoa VII, Dang ta b6
sung: Dang lanh dap thong qua to chirc dang chic khOng chi thong qua ca nhan
Bang vien.

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Den Dai h9i X, Dang to tiep tvc b9 sung: tiep tvc d9i mai phong cach, le
19i lam viec cua Dang theo hung thirc sg dan chu, kST cuang, thiet thgc, sail sat
CO
Dai h9i XI, Dang chu truang tiep tlyc d9i mefi phuang thirc lanh dao cua
Dang
1.2.2. Sr
t can thiet phai

meri phtrung thirc lanh dao cua Bang

- Xuat phat tir vai tro, tam quan trong cua phuang thirc lanh dao cua Dang.
- Tix rmyc tieu, nhiem vu thei ky day math cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa Tat
mot.
- Tix sg bien d6i cua dieu kien moi truerig hoat Ong va sir phat trien ve m9i
mat ctia d9i tugng lanh dao.
- Xuat phat tir thirc tang phuong thirc lanh dao cua Dang trong thei gian
qua.
1.2.3. Dtoi rad phtrung thin Faith ciao dm Bang

veri hoat dOng cua

he thong chinh tri
1.2.3.1. Dai V& hoot d'Ong cita Quac hoi va Chit tich nithc
MOt la, ve bju cir Quac hoi va to clurc, hoat cVng cua Quac
- Ban Chap hanh Trung uo'ng (BCHTW), B9 Chinh tri lanh dap chat the
cong tac bau cir Qu9c h9i.
- Lanh dao sira doi, b9 sung Luat T9 chirc cua Qu9c
- Gieri thieu nhan su de bau vao cac chirc vu lanh dao chu ch9t cua Qu9c
- B9 Chinh tri:
+ Lap Dang doan Qu9c h9i trgc thu9c Bo Chinh tri; xac dinh ra chirc
nang, nhiem vu, quy the lam viec dm. Dang doan Qu9c h9i.
+ Quy dinh quan he lanh dap, chi dao dm B9 Chinh tri, Ban Bi thu d9i
voi Dang doan Qu9c h9i va voi cac to chirc clang khac.
- Dang doan Quac h9i:
+ Xay di:mg quy dinh ve sinh hoat dang, quan ly, cung cap cho clang vien
la dai bleu Qu9c h9i nhtrng dinh twang chi dao cua BCHTW, B9 Chinh tri, Ban

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Bi thu, Dang doan Quac h9i de clang vien quail triet khi thgc hien trach nhiem
dai bieu Quac h9i.
+ Nang cao trach nhiem cua cac to clang a timg doan dai bieu Qu6c h9i.
+ Gift nghiem ky luat, kST cuong trong Dang, xir 1T clang vien la dai bieu
Quac h9i khang chap hanh cac quyet dinh cua Dang.
Hai la, trong linh vuc lap phap.
- Ban Chap hanh Trung uang xac dinh chu truang, quan diem, dinh
huang not dung sira doi, b6 sung Hien phap.
- B9 Chinh tri:
+ Choy kien ve chuong trinh xay dung luat cua nhiem kS7 Qu6c h9i.
+ Dinh huang chinh tri cho nhfing not dung lan, quan trong theo de nghi

cua Dang doan Qu6c h9i.
+ Lanh dao viec xay dung co the phan quy'et ve nhang vi pham Hien
phap trong linh vgc lap phap, hanh phap, to phap.
- Dang doan, cac clang vien trong Quac h9i.
+ Lanh dao Quac h9i lap hien, lap phap theo dung quan diem, duang lai
cua Dang.
+ Nang cao vai tro, trach nhiem cua cac fly ban, h9i demg, cac dai bieu
Quac h9i.
Ba la, trong linh vuc gicim sat.
B9 Chinh tri, Dang doan Qu6c h9i:
- Lanh dao viec xay dgng quy che, chuong trinh, ke hoach thkrc hien chirc
nang giam sat tai cao cua Quac h9i tai cac kS7 h9p, giam sat dm Uy ban Thuang
vu Quac h9i, H9i d6ng Dan t9c, cac Uy ban va cac doan dai bieu Qu6c h9i gida
cac kS7 h9p.
Quy dinh ve viec Quac h9i ba phieu tin nhiem can boa cac chirc danh do
Quac h9i bau, phe chuan khi ca sai pham.
Ban la, trong linh vuc quyeft dinh nhang van cue quan trong ctia dat nu'ac.

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- Ve nhan sty, BCHTW, BO Chinh tit Ban Bi thu gieri thieu nhan sir de
QuOc hOi bau, dOng thei ton trong quyen de cir, irng cir cua cac dai bieu Qu6c
hOi.
- Ve nhiing van cue quan trong cua diAt ntrov
+ Ban Chap hanh Trung uo'ng lanh dao, dinh huemg nhang muc tieu,
nhiem v11 lon dm Chien lugc phat trien kinh t6 - xa hOi, phan 1)6 ngan sach nha
nuerc, chu truo'ng dau to nhang cong trinh quan trong cua qu6c gia... truac khi
Chinh phu trinh Quo'c hOi.
+ BO Chinh tri nghe Ban Can sg clang Chinh phu bao cao ye ke hooch

Oat trien kinh to - xa hOi

cho y kien chi dao truck khi trinh BCHTW va

Qu6c hOi.
+ Ban Chap hanh Trung ucmg, BO Chinh tri can neu nhfing 13'i le Hi rang
de thuyet phpc nhang clang vien trong Que)c hOi tg gide chap hanh va van dOng
nhang dai bieu Qu6c hOi khong phai la clang vien ding thgc hien.
+ Hang doan Qu6c hOi bao cao kip thed voi BO Chinh tri nhung )"/ kien cua
nhieu dal 'lieu Qu6c hOi kha.c voi chi dao cua Hang.
- DOi

ChU tich ntrerc, BO Chinh tri chi ciao xay dung quy dinh ve

quan he lanh ciao Oda BCHTW, BO Chinh tri, Ban Bi thu d6i voi Chu tich nu&
de vim dam bao six lanh dao cUa Hang, vixa phat huy vai tro cua Chu tich nuO'c
theo quy dinh dia. Hien phap.
1.2.3.2. Doi

hoot dOng cfia Chinh phii

Al- t la, trong to chirc va quan h" cong tac.
BO Chinh tri:
- Lanh dao viec sira doi, b6 sung Luat To chirc Chinh phu.
- Giai thieu nhan slr de Qu6c hOi bau, phe chuan cac chirc vg lanh dap chi'
ch6t dia Chinh phu.
- Lap Ban Can sir clang Chinh phu trirc thuOc BO Chinh tri, ban can sir
Bang cac bO, nganh trirc thuOc Ban Bi thu.
- Lanh dao, chi dao xac dinh chirc nang, nhi'em vu, quy the lam viec cua
Ban Can sir clang Chinh phil, ban can sg clang cac bO, nganh.

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- Quy dinh quan he lanh dao, chi dao cila Bo Chinh tri, Ban Bi thu voi
Ban Can six &rig Chinh phii, ban can six clang cac bo, nganh.
- Quy dinh quan h" cong tac giila Ban Can six clang Chinh
Thuong trgc Chinh phu, Thu tuemg Chinh phU va nhang to chirc dang khac.
Hai la, trong lank vyc kinh to - hc)i.
Ban Chap hanh Trung uang, Bo Chinh tri dinh hudorig xay dung va hoan
thin the the kinh te; xac dinh muc tieu, phuang huong, nhiem vu chii yeti dm
k'e hoach phat trien kinh to - xa hOi; quyet dinh nhang chu truang, quan diem chi
dao lots ve cong tac to tuerng, 1)'T luan, phat trien nen van hoa...
Ba la, trong linh vyv quac phong, an ninh, cla i
Ban Chap hanh Trung trang, Bo Chinh tri xac dinh chin lugc bao ve To
qu6c, chien lugc an ninh quoc gia, phucmg huemg hoat d'cing doi ngoai cua Dang
va Nha nuerc trong timg thei kST, chin lugc trang bi cho quan doi, cong an va
nhang van de quan trong khac.
Ban la, trong cong tac can ba.
Thgc hien dung nguyen lac tap trung dan chu, bang th6ng nhat lanh dap
cong tac can IX) va quan ly dOi ngil can bc) cua ca he th6ng chinh tri, d6ng thgi de cao
tham quyen, trach nhiem cua to chirc va ngueri dung dau to chirc sir dung can b'g.
1.2.3.3. Dai vo'i hoot clang ciia cac co' quan pluip
BO chinh tri:
- Lanh dao viec tong ket, sira doi, bO sung Luat To chirc Toa an nhan dan,
Luat To chirc Vien Kiem sat nhan dan.
- Lanh dap viec sua d6i, b6 sung cac luat lien quan den linh vgc tu phap.
- Chuan bi tot viec gieri thieu dang vien de Qu'6c hoi bau vao vi tri lanh
dao chili chat dm cac co quan tu phap.
- Kien toan Ban Can six clang Toa an nhan dan tai cao, Ban Can six clang
Vien kiem sat nhan dan tai cao.

- Xac dinh chirc nang, nhiem vu, quy the lam viec, quy dinh quan he lanh
dao, chi dao cila BO Chinh tri, Ban Bi thu vui Ban Can sir clang cac co quan tu
phap...
8


- BO Chinh tri, Ban Bi thu chi dao ve chit truang xir 1T dai vai nhang vu
an dac biet nghiem tr9ng có lien quan den an ninh chinh tri, d6i ngoai, den can
hoc) thuOc dien BO Chinh tri, Ban Bi thu quan
1.2.3.4. Doi

hoot &Ong cfia Mat trOn To quac va cac dam th'd chinh

tri - xa hOi
- BO Chinh tri:
+ Lanh dao cac to chirc nay xac dinh rO ton chi, muc dich, to chirc va
phuang thirc hog Ong.
+ Giai thieu clang vien de Mat tan To quOc va cac doan the chinh tri - xa
hOi btu giu cac vi tri lanh dap chit chOt cna minh.
+ Kien toan Dang doan Mat tran To quoc va clang doan cac doan the
chinh tri - xa hoi truc thuOc Ban Bi thu.
- BO Chinh tri, Ban Bi thu lanh dao, dinh huang:
+ NOi dung hog Ong dm Mat tran TO quOc va cac doan the chinh tri - xa
hoi trong timg theri kST.
+ DOi mai to chirc va phuong tha hog Ong cila Mat tran To qu'Oc va cac
doan the chinh tri - xa hOi.
+ Xay dung va phat huy sirc math cua khOi doi doan ket toan dan tOc.
+ Xac dinh ra chirc nang, nhiem vu cua Dang doan Mat tan TO quOc va
clang doan cac doan the chinh tri - xa hOi; quy dinh quan he lanh dao, chi dao
cUa BO Chinh tri, Ban Bi thu vari Dang doan Mat tran TO quOc va clang doan cac

doan the chinh tri - xa hOi; quan he cong tac gifia cac to chirc clang nay vai cac
to chirc clang khac.
+ Bo Chinh tri, Ban Bi thu ton tr9ng, Fang nghe 3'7 dm Mat tran.
+ Tang cuang sir lanh dao dm BO Chinh tri, Dang doan Mat tran dOi voi
Mat tran TO quOc Viet Nam.
+ Thuang xuyen kiem tra, dinh huang hog Ong dm cac dang doan, cac
clang vien trong cac co quan nay.
- Dang doan Mat tran TO quOc va clang doan cac doan the chinh tri - xa
hoi lanh dao thuc hi'en dUng quan diem chi dao cua Dang, kip theri boo coo
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nhang y kien khac vai quan diem chi dao cua Dang; Dang doan, to chirc clang
trong co quan M4t trail To quoc va cac doan the chinh tri - xa neu cao tinh
guang mau, 3"( thirc chAp hanh nghi guy& cna Dang dOi voi clang vien trong cac
to chirc nay.
1.2.3.5. Doi

phwang thirc lanh dyo cua dip ay clang d4i voi hoyt

dOng ciia he dieing chinh

dia phirang

- Ve cong tac to chirc cf,ta he thong chinh tri a clia phtrang.
+ Lanh dao, chi dao ch4t the viec bAu cir hOi dOng nhan dan, xay Ong,
kien toan to chirc hOi dOng nhan dan, ny ban nhan dan.
+ Giai thieu nhan sty de hOi clOng nhan dan bAu cac vi tri lanh dao chil
chat dm cac co quan nha nuerc a dia phuong.
+ Chi dao viec thanh 1Op Dang doan hOi clOng nhan dan, Ban Can sv clang

- Uy ban nhan dan, vien kiem sat nhan dan va toa an nhan dan a dia phucmg.
- Ve hoot clang cita he thong chinh tri
+ CAp fly neu nhang chu twang, dinh huang ion trong nhang quyet Binh
quan trong cua hOi clOng nhan dan de hOi clOng nhan dan thao luAn, quyet
+ CAp uy lanh dao Uy ban nhan dan quail triet, to chirc thvc hien cac
nghi quyet, chi thi, quyet Binh cUa ban chAp hanh, ban thuang vu, cua hOi dOng
nhan dan ding cAp va dm co quan nha nu& cAp teen.
- r.
e kinh to - xa hai:
+ Ban ChAp hanh clang 1)0 cho y kien ve nhimg Binh huang lam trong
chien lugc va quy hoach tong the ve phat trien kinh to - xa hOi.
+ Ban thuang vu cho y kien v'e quy hoach, ice hoach phat trier' cac nganh,
cac link vvc, cac dia ban quan trong.
- Ve quoc phong - an ninh va cloi ngoai:
Ban thuang vu cho )"7 kien ve chu trucmg, nhiem vu trong yeu bao dam
quOc phong - an ninh; ve nhang chu truong lon trong cong tac clang, cong tac
chinh tri trong cac ltrc lugng vu trang; chi dao cac chuong trinh, ke hooch va
hoot clOng dOi ngoai lan a dia phuang.

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- he cong tac can bO:
+ Ban chap hanh, Ban thu&ng vu cho 3'T kien ve dinh huang bau cir dai
bieu h9i d6ng nhan dan, giai thieu nhan six irng cir, de cir hoac rut khoi cac chirc
danh chu ch6t cua h9i d'6ng nhan dan, uy ban nhan dan.
+ Ban thuang vu xac dinh ra chdc Wang, nhiem vg dm Bang doan, Ban
Can sir clang; xay dung quy dinh ve m6i quan he lanh dap dm cap uy d6i vai
Bang doan h9i d6ng nhan dan, Ban Can six clang - uy ban nhan dan va cac chit
the lien quan khac.

- Doi mai placang thirc lanh dao cna cap uy doi vai hoat clOng cua cac
quan ttr phap a clia phuang:
Thuang trgc cap uy cho chit truong va phuong huang xir 1T cac vu an
nghiem trong, phirc tap, c6 lien quan den an ninh chinh tri, doi ngoai hoac con
coy kien khac nhau gitta cac co quan to phap.
- Doi vai cong tac Mat trap va cac doan the: chinh tri - xa hoi:
+ Ban thuang vu lanh dao Mat tran T6 qu6c va cac doan the chinh tri - xa
h9i cu the hoa, to chirc thgc hien cac nghi quyet, chi thi, chu truong cua Bang
d6i vai cong tac dan van, Mat tran va cac doan the phi' hap vai tinh hinh thgc
tin a dia phuang.
+ Choy kien chi dao ve nhang dinh huang cong tac 16n trong timg theri
kS7, chuang trinh, not dung hoat Ong hang nam dm Mat tran T6 qu6c va cac
doan the chinh tri - xa h9i.
+ Chi dao Bang doan Mat tran T6 qu6c va cac doan the a dia phuang xay
dung quy the hog Ong, quy the phi hap gifra cac co quan chinh quyen vai
Mat tran T6 qu6c, cac doan the chinh tri - xa h9i.
+ Choy kien ve Van de to chdc, can b9 va dinh huang nhan six dai h9i,
giai thieu nhan six cap truang, cap pho de Mat tran va cac doan the bau.
+ Nhan xet, danh gia theo dinh kS7 d6i vai can 1)9 thu9c dien ban thuang
vu quan 13'T hoat dOng trong cac ca quan Mat tran To quoc va cac doan the chinh
tri - xa h9i; chi dao cong tac quy hoach, dao tao, 136i du'ang can b9.

11


1.3. KHAI QUAT HE THONG TO CIWC CUA BANG VA TO
CHU'C CO SO BANG
1.3.1. Khai quat he thtong to chtic cua Bang
- He th6ng to chirc cua Dang la toan b9 cac to chirc cua Dang tir Trung
uang (TW) den co so.

- Dugc bo tri, sap xep va hog &Ong theo nhQng nguyen tac, nhang quy
dinh cua Cucmg linh chinh tri, Dieu le Dang.
- H" th6ng to chirc cua Dang dugc thanh lap theo \Tung lanh th6, don vi
hanh chinh va don vi san xuat, hog demg theo nguyen tac tap trung dan
- He th6ng to chirc cua clang to chirc theo 4 cap hanh chinh:
+ Trung uong.
+ Tinh, thanh ph6 trgc thu9c TW va tuong throng (cac kh6i TW, Q d9i,
Cong an)
+ Huyen, quan, thanh ph& thi xa thu9c tinh, thanh ph6 trgc thu9c TW va
tuong duang: kh6i, tinh d9i, cong an tinh, bien phong tinh.
+ Cap co so: xa, phueyng, thi tran va tuong duong.
- To chirc cua Dang o TW dugc hinh thanh tir

ST

chi dm toan Dang (Do

DAi bieu cua clang vien xay dung nen):
+ Co quan lanh dAo cao nhat cUa Dang la DHDBTQ, theo dieu le 5 nam/1 lAn.
+ Co quan lanh dao cua Dang giira. 2 ki DAi h9i la BCHTW, do DH
nhiem kST la 5 nam.
+ B9 chinh tri IA co quan thuemg trgc cUa BCHTW, do BCHTW bAu thgc
hien nhiem vu lanh ciao giila 2 ki hop cua BCHTW.
+ Ban Bi thu TW, do BCHTW bAu theo quy dinh dm Dieu le Dang la co
quan thueyng trgc giai guy& cong viec hang ngay cua Dang.
- Co quan tham muu i5( TW, do TW thanh lap g9m: Van phong TW, Ban
T6 chirc TW, UST ban Kiem tra TW, Ban Dan van TW, Ban Tuyen gido TW,
Ban kinh to TW, Ban d6i ngoqi TW, Ban N9i chinh TW, Dang uy ngoai nu&c.

12

- T6 chirc Dang o TW c6 cac kh6i tuang duang tinh, thanh fly do B6
Chinh tri BCHTW thanh lap Om 1(1-16i cac ca quan Trung uang, Kh6i kinh to
TW, KEOi tu phap TW, Quan uy TW, Cong an TW.
Dieu 42 (diem 1): Viec 14 ding doan trong

quan nha ntrov va

doan the chinh tri - xa hOi
A
- Trong Ca quan lanh dao cua Nha nuac, Mat tran To quoc
va doan the

chinh tri - xa h6i cap TW va Cap tinh, thanh ph6 trgc thu6c TW, do ban cir lap
ra, cap us/ ding cap lap dang doan g6m mot s6 dang vier' cong tic trong to chirc
do.
- Trong co quan hanh phap, tu phap Cap TW va cap tinh, thanh ph6 trirc
thu6c TW, cap uST ding Cap lap Ban Can sg dang g6m mot s6 clang vien cong tic
A

„

trong to chirc do.
- D6i vai cac to chirc h6i quan chung, lap clang doan o cac lien hiep h6i:
Lien hiep cac h6i khoa h9c vak-y thuat Viet Nam, Lien hiep h6i Van h9c - nghe
thuat Viet Nam, Lien hiep cac to chirc hau nghi Viet Nam... 'Wit s6 h6i chinh tri
- xa h6i c6 quy ma 16n, c6 vi tri quan trong duac lap clang doan theo quyet dinh
cua Bo Chinh tri.
- T6 chirc dang cap tinh, Cap huyen la dang b6 tinh, huyen.

Ca quan lanh dao 6. cap nay la Dai h6i dai Neu, Ban chip hanh, Ban
thuang vg.
Ca quan tham mtni: Van phong, Ban to chirc, Ban dan van, Ban tuyen
giao, Uy ban kiem tra, Ban N'6i chinh.
- T6 chic Ca sa
1.3.2. Khai quit to chtic co' so' ding
1.3.2.1. Khdi nVem, vi tri, vai trb act to chirc co' so doing
- Khai niem: TCCSD la to chirc ca so cua Dang dugc thanh lap a dan vi
ca
- Vi tri: Dieu 21 dia. Dieu le Dang xac dinh: T6 chirc ca sa clang (chi b6
ca so., clang b6 ca sa) la nen tang cua Dang, la hat nhan chinh trio ca sa.

13


V6i vi tri la nen tang cfra Dang, TCCSD la cap thap nhat trong he th6ng to
chirc cua Dang, cap trtrc tiep to chirc thirc hien duel1- g 16i, chti trucmg cua Dang,
nghi guy& dm cap tren..., ding la nai kiem nghiem va g6p phan quan tong vao
viec hinh thanh, phat trien duemg 16i, chi' trucmg, chinh sach cua Dang.
- Vai tro: TCCSD la hat nhan chinh trio ca so, lanh dao cac to chirc khac
trong he thong chinh tri va lanh dao cac linh virc cua doi song 6 ca s6.
1.3.2.2 Chirc ming, nhiem vu caa to chic co so' dang
* Chirc ming
Du dugc thanh lap 6 loai hinh dan vi ca s6 nao trong xa h6i, TCCSD c6
cac chirc nang ca ban sau:
- mot la, la hat nhan Minh dao chinh tri a ca so'.
+ TCCSD la mot bo phan trong he th6ng chinh trio ca so., song TCCSD
la b6 phan gift vai tro lanh dao. Nhung do dac diem boat Ong cna timg loai hinh
TCCSD c6 sir khac nhau nen not dung lanh dap cu the ding kirk nhau.
+ De thtrc hien chirc nang la hat nhan lanh dao chinh trio ca so, TCCSD

truck het phal:
De ra chu truang nghi quyet dirng
Xay Ong kien toan to chirc chinh quyen va cac doan the nhan dan, cham
lo dao tao, b6 tri, quy hoach can b6, dua ra img cir hoac gigi thieu qua cac t6
chirc khac trong he th6ng chinh tri.
Lanh dao thong qua cong tac kiem tra de u6n nan sira china kip thoi
nhang lech lac trong cong tac.
+ Phuang thirc lanh dao: Lanh dao bang nghi quyet, bang cong tac chinh
tri, to Wong, to chirc, bang vai tro tien phong guang mau cria can 116, clang vien.
+ Lanh dao toan dien cac mat: Chinh tri, kinh te, van hoa, xa h6i...
+ Lanh dao thtrc hien thang cac nghi quyet cua Dang va nhiem vu chinh
tri cu the o ca
- Hai la, Ow hten cac hoat clOng xay dung not b "(.5 Dang.
+ Cring c6 kien toan to chirc dang, nang cao chat lugng lanh dao.

14


+ Cham lo dao tao dOi ngii can bO, gang vien, ket nap &lig vien mod va
dua nhang clang vien khong con du tu cach ra khOi Dang.
+ Thgc hien nghiem tuc the dO sinh hoat long, to phe binh va phe binh,
nang cao suc chitin dau cua to chirc
+ TO chirc de quan chUng &rig gop xay dung Dang, xay dung Cucmg
linh, nghi quyet cua Dang.
+ Kiem tra clang vien chap hanh Dieu le Dang, Oa gin kST luat va tang
cueing str doan ket thOng nhat trong Dang.
+ Bau cir cac co quan lanh dao cua Dang cac cap.
+ Thgc hien tot cac nguyen tac to chuc va sinh hoat clang nhat la nguyen
tac tap trung dan chu, thirc hien day lu cac quyen cua clang vien.
* Nhi'em vu cfia TCCSD (5 nhiem vu)

To chuc co so dang có 5 nhiem v11, quy dinh tai Dieu 23, Dieu le Dang:
- Chap hanh throng 16i, chinh sach cua Dang, phap luat cua Nha nuerc;
de ra chu truong, nhiem vu chinh tri cUa clang bO, chi bO va lanh ciao dux
hien có hieu qua.
- Xay dung clang bO, chi bO trong sach, yang manh ve chinh tri, tu toting
va to chirc; thirc hien dung nguyen tac tap trung dan chil; nang cao chat luting
sinh hoat dang, dux hien to phe binh va phe binh, gia gin kST luat lid tang men
doan ket thOng nhat trong Dang; thuemg xuyen gido duc, ren luyen va quan 1T
can bO, clang vien, nang cao pham chat dao dirc each mpg, tinh chitin dau, trinh
dO kien thirc, nang ltxc cong tac; lam cong tac phat trier' clang vien.
- Lanh dao xay dung chinh quyen, cac to chik kinh te, hanh chinh, six
nghiep, quOc phong, an ninh va cac doan the chinh tri - xa hOi trong sach, viing
mph; chap hanh &mg phap luat va phat huy quyen lam chil cua nhan dan.
- Lien he mat thiet veri nhan dan, cham lo dati sang vat chat, tinh than va
bao ve loi ich chinh (tang cua nhan dan; lanh dao nhan dan tham gia xay Ong va
thirc hien duang 16i, chinh sach cua Dang va phap luat cua Nha nudfc.

15


- Kiem tra, giarn sat viec thirc hien, bao dam cac nghi quyet, chi thi cua
Dang va phap 14t cda Nha nuac dugc chap hanh nghiern chinh; kiem tra, giam
sat to chirc &rig va clang vien chap hanh Dieu 1e Dang.
Dang us/ ca so neu dugc cap us/ cap tren true tier) uY' quyen thi dugc guy&
dinh ket rip \fa khai trir clang vien.

16


De ctro'nkr chuven de 2

NHUNG VAN DE CO BAN VE NHA NU'OC
CONG HOA X 'A HO! CHU NGHIA VIET NAM

2.1 NHUNG VAN DE CHUNG VE B() MAY NHA NU'OC CONG
HOA XNCN VIET NAM
2.1.1. Khai ni?in BO may Nha nwrc COng hoa XHCN Vi?t Nam
Bo may Nha mr6c (NN) C6ng h6a xa h6i chu nghia (XHCN) Viet Nam la
he theing cac co quan tir trung uong den dia phuong, &roc to chirc va hog d6ng
theo nhcing nguyen tac chung th6ng nhdt, t4o thanh mot co the d6ng b6 de thgc
hien chirc nang, nhiem vu, quyen han, phuong thirc hog d6ng va pharn vi tac
d6ng khac nhau, tren co se( mgc tieu chung, theo mot chinh the th6ng nhAt nham
to chirc va quan 17 cac linh virc dai song xa hoi, dira tren ca so lien minh giai
cap, do Dang C6ng San Viet Nam lanh d4o, dam bao thgc hien va phat huy
quyen lam chit cua nhan dan.
- B6 may Nha nuac C6ng hoa XHCN Viet Nam la mot to chirc th6ng
nhdt, bao g6m nhieu phan he ca quan, c6 quyen lirc.
- Bo may NN duvc to chirc va hog d6ng theo nhUng nguyen tac chung.
- Trong hoat dOng c6 sir phan cong va phi hop chat the glib cac ca co
quan.
- T6 chirc b6 may Nha mac dga tren ca so lien minh giai cap do Dang
C6ng San Viet Nam lanh dgo.
- T6 chirc va quan 13% c6 hieu qua cac linh virc caa d6i song xa h'6i.
- Nha mx6c dam bao bao ve va phat huy quyen lam chil ctia nhan dan.
2.1.2. D4c diem chung cfia bi) may Nha milk gong hoa XHCN Vi?t
Nam
- T6 chirc va hog d6ng theo nhung nguyen tac chung th6ng nhdt, dam bao
tat ca quyen lirc Nha nu& thu6c ve nhan dan.
17

- Quyen lgc trong bO may Nha nugc la thong nhL, tren co s6 six phan
cong va phi hop glib 3 quyen: Lap phap, hanh phap va to phap.
- Cac co quan trong bO may Nha nuac dugc thanh lap theo trinh tir do
phap luat quy dinh.
- Cac co quan c6 chirc nang khac nhau, nhtmg thirc hien nhiem vg chung
ctia Nha nugc.
- Hot dOng mang tinh quyen lgc va dam bao bang quyen hrc Nha nu6c.
- Ngtraci dam nhiem chirc trach trong bo may NN la cong dan Viet Nam.
2.1.3. Co can to chirc be? may Nha
2.1.3.1. V'd co' cau quy'dn lyc:
Nha nu& COng boa XHCN Viet Nam dugc co cau bgi 3 bO phan quyen
luc:
- Quyen lap phap
- Quyen hanh phap
- Quyen to phap.
2.1.3.2. V'd phew he co' quan thtfc thi quye'n hrc:
He thOng co quan thgc thi quyen hrc, Om: co quan quyen lgc; co quan
hanh chinh va co quan to phap.
- He thOng co quan quyen 1rc do nhan dan bau ra, gom QuOc Hoi (QH) va
Hoi dOng nhan dan (HDND) cac cap.
- He thOng co quan hanh chinh do co quan quyen lgc bau ra, gOm Chinh
Phu va Uy ban nhan dan (UBND) cac cap, ding vgi cac co quan chuyen mon
cua Chinh Phu va UBND cac cap.
- He thOng co quan to phap, bao gom he thOng co quan toa an nhan dan va
vien kiem sat nhan dan cac cap.
2.2. BAN CHAT VA CHfrC NANG CUA NHA NVOC CONG HOA
XHCN VItT NAM
2.2.1. Ban chat ciia Nha nu.o.c Co5ng hoa XHCN V* Nam
Ngodi nhirng dac tinh chung co ban dm. Nha nuoc, Nha ntroc COng hoa
XHCN Viet Nam c6 nhang dac tinh rieng, d6 la: Nha nu6c COng boa XHCN

18


Viet Nam la nha nueYc phap quyen XHCN cua nhan dan, do nhan dan, vi nhan
dan. Tdt ca quyen lgc Nha nu& thu6c ve nhan dan, ma nen tang la lien minh
giai cap cong nhan, nong dan va d6i ngu tri thirc do Dang COng San Viet Nam
lanh dao.
+ Nha nuerc COng hoa XHCN Viet Nam la NN dan chu va phap quyen.
+ Nha nu& COI-1g h6a XHCN Viet Nam mang ban chdt giai cap cong
nhan Viet Nam.
+ Nha nu& COng hoe XHCN Viet Nam la NN cua dan, do dan, vi dan.
+

Nha nu& COng hoa XHCN Viet Nam nhan dan la chtl the t6i cao cua

quyen lgc Nha nuoc.
+ Nen tang co ban dm Nha nuerc la lien minh giai cap do Dang cong san
lanh dao.
+ TO chirc va hog &Ong cua Nha nuerc tren co s6 nguyen tac binh ding
trong m6i quan he gift Nha nuov voi cong dan.
+ Nha nuov COng boa XHCN Viet Nam la Nha nuarc ctla kh6i dai doan
ket toan dan t6c trong cong d6ng qu6c gia Viet Nam.
+ Nha nuerc bao dam bao ve quyen va lgi ich hop phap cua nhan dan, duy
tri trot tg, on dinh xa h6i theo dinh huong XHCN.
2.2.2. Chtic n5ng cua Nha ntroc
2.2.2.1. Chirc ming ctoi nOi:
- Bao ve the d6 XHCN, bao dam an ninh chinh tri va trot tg an toan xa
h6i; trdn ap nhfing phdn tit ch6ng d6i, di nguoc lai v&i lgi ich cLia Nha nu& va
nhan dan.
- Thgc hien, bao ve va phat huy quyen to do dan chu cua nhan dan.

- Bao ve trial to phap luat va tang cuong phap the XHCN.
- T6 chirc va quan V/ nen kinh to thi truong dinh huOng XHCN.
- T6 chirc quan 13'T van hoa, gido dvc, khoa hoc, cong nghe...
2.2.2.2. Cluiv Jiang dai ngogi:
- Bao ye T6 qu6c Viet Nam XHCN.

19


- Cling c6, tang cuerng tinh tau nghi hop tac qu6c te, khong can thiep vao
cong viec not b6 cua nhau, ton trong d'6c lap, chu quyen cua nhau, binh
ding có lgi.
- Ung h6 phong trao clan tranh giai phong dan t6c cua giai cap cong nhan
va nhan dan lao Ong. Ch6ng chu nghia de qu6c, chu nghia phan biet chUng t6c;
ch6ng chinh sach gay chien, chay dua vu trang. Gop phan \Tao cu6c dau tranh
chung cua nhan dan the giai, vi hoa binh, Oc lap dan t6c, dan chu, tien b6 va
cong bang xa hoi.
2.3. NGUYEN TAC TO CIItrC VA HOAT BONG CUA BO MAY
NHA NU'OC CONG HOA XHCN VECT NAM.
2.3.1. Khai nfOn nguyen tac:
Nguyen tac la nhang quan diem, tu tuong chi dao có tinh chat chi phi
xuyen su6t toan 13, 6 qua trinh to chirc va hoat d6ng cUa b6 may nha nuoc, la yeu
cau khach quan the hien ban chat va bao dam hieu luc, hieu qua hog d6ng cua
Nha nuoc, dugc the the thanh cac quy dinh cu the.
- Nguyen tac la quan diem, tu tuong chi dao cna Dang có tinh dinh huong
cho toan b6 qua trinh to chik va hoat dOng cua Nha nuoc.
- Quan diem, tu tuong do bat ngu6n tir yeu can khach quan cua Nha nuoc.
- Cac nguyen tac the hien ban chat va hieu lirc hieu qua quan l Nha nuoc.
- Dugc the the boa thanh cac not dung, quy dinh c1,1 the.
2.3.2. Cac nguyen tac ccr ban

2.3.2.1. "Tilt ca quyen
; ly'c Nha ntrov thuOc y'd nhan dlin"
* Co so phap Dugc quy dinh tai K 2, D 2 - HP 2013.
* Ve not dung dm nguyen tac:
-

Nha nuoc COng hoa XHCN Viet Nam nhan dan la chu the t6i cao cua

quyen lk.rc Nha nuoc. Nhung quyen li,rc ay kh6ng nam trong tay mot nguOti hoac
mot nhom nguad ma dugc to chirc tap trung lai thanh Nha nuoc.
- Bang quyen lkrc cua minh do phap luat quy dinh, nhan dan bau cir lap ra
co quan Nha nuoc, bau ra QH va HDND cac cap va giao toan b6 quyen lgc cua

20


minh cho h9; DOng thai, thvc hien quyen lvc dm minh thong qua QH va HDND
cac cap.
- Nhan dan c6 quyen MI nhiem nhtrng dal bieu khi h9 khong con dU phim
chit, Wang hrc de thay mat minh nAm gift quyen lu.c NhA nuerc.
- QH dugc xac dinh la co' quan dal bieu cao nhat dia nhan dan, co quan
quyen hrc Nha nu& cao nhit, c6 quyen:
+ LAp hien, lAp phap.
+ Quyet dinh nhang vin de co ban nhit ve dai not va de')i ngoai dm NN.
+ Thvc hien quyen giam sat tOi cao doi voi toan bO to chirc va hoat &Ong
dm be) may NhA nuac.
- Chinh Phil IA co quan chip hanh dm QH, co quan hanh chinh NhA nuac
cao nhit dm nuac COng hem XHCN Viet Nam, thvc hien chirc nang quan 1T
hanh chinh MA nuac teen tat ca cac linh vgc dm dai song xd hOi tiy trung uong
den dia phuong. Thu Wang Chinh Phu la do QH biu trong so dal bieu QH.

- TAND va VKSND la co quan dugc QH giao thut hanh quyen to phap Nha
mac. Chanh an TAND TOi cao, vien tmang VKSND TOi cao la do QH bit' trong so
dai bieu QH.
- HDND la co quan quyen lvc Nha nuac a dia phuong, do nhan dan dia
phuong bAu ra, chiu trach nhiem truck nhan dan dia phuong va co quan Nha
nuac cap tren.
- UBND la co quan chip hanh dm HDND, co quan hanh chinh Nha nu&
a dia phuong, chiu trach nhiem chip hanh Hien Phap, luAt, cac van ban cila co
quan Nha nuac cap tren va Nghi Quyet dia. HDND cling cap.
UBND do HDND cling cap biu ra bao gOm chi' tich, pho chiu tich va cac
thanh vien. Chi' tich UBND a diu m6i khoa nhiem kSi dm HDND la dai Neu
HDND.
- Nhan dan c6 quyen tru.c tiep tham gia kiem tra, giam sat hoat &Ong dm
co quan NhA nuarc, can bO, cong chirc NhA nuac, kien nghi, khieu nai, to cao,
yeti ciu vai co quan NM. nuac c6 thim quyen ve nhiing hanh vi vi pham phap
luAt, xam pham tai quyen va lgi ich hop phap dm NhA nuac, x'd hOi va cita nhan
21


dan. Tham gia &rig gOp y kien xay dung Nha nuac, xay dung chu truang, phap
luat cua Nha nuac.
2.3.2.2. Nguyen ilk tap trung, dan chic
* Co so
dugc quy dinh tai k 1, D 8 - HP 2013.
„ cau cua nguyen tac nay la:
* Ve yeu
- Dam bao quyen lirc tap trung trong tay Nha nuac thuOc ve nhan dan.
- Dam bao quyen tir do, dan chu cua nhan dan trong viec to chirc ra Nha
nuac va kiem tra, gian sat hoat dOng cua Nha nuerc.
- Mo rOng phat huy tinh chti dOng, sang tao cua cac co quan va ca nhan.

- Phan dinh rach roi va phi hop chat the giira cac co quan Nha nuac
trong viec thgc hien chirc nang, nhiem vg, quyen han cua minh.
- Tap trung va dan chu la 2 yeti to khong the tach red trong to chirc va boat
dOng cua toan bo 1710 may Nha nuac.
* Bieu hien:
- To chirc bO may Nha nuac la do nhan dan trirc tier) hoac gian tiep lap
nen, theo nguyen tac nhdt dinh do phap luat quy dinh.
- Nhan dan có quyen bau, bai nhiem, mien nhiem cac chirc danh dung 6u
cua cac co quan trong he th'Ong to chirc bO may Nha nuac.
- Hoat dOng cua No may Nha nuac chiu sir kiem tra, kiem soat va giam sat
cua nhan dan. Theo nguyen tac cap duai phgc timg cap teen, ca nhan phijc timg
to chirc.
- Cac guy& dinh dm co quan Nha nuac dua ra deu dugc ban bac, thao
luan dan chu va quyet dinh theo da so.
- Nhan dan có quyen tham gia ban bac thao Juan cac cong viec cua Nha
nuac khi Nha nuac trung cau y dan.
2.3.2.3. Nguen tac Quyen
; hic nhit nu& la thong nhat, có sty phim cong,
phi hop, ki"Jrn soot girra cac

quan nha ntro'c trong viec thfrc hi'en cac

quyen 1Cip phap, hanh phap, phtip.
* Cu so phapl)'T: dugc quy dinh tai k 3, D2 - HP 2013 .
* Ve not dung:
22


-

Nha nu& C6ng 116a XHCN Viet Nam, quyen hyc Nha nu& la th6ng

nhat thu6c ve nhan dan va dugc to auk tap trung lai thanh nha nu6c.
- Nha nu6c thay mat nhan dan thvc thi quyen lgc dugc nhan dan giao.
- QH dugc xac dinh la ca quan quyen ltrc NN cao nhat tap trung thong
nhat toan b6 quyen hrc NN (3 b6 phan quyen lirc) ma nhan dan giao.
- Trong qua trinh to chirc thgc hien quyen ltxc Nha nu6c, QH phan cong:
+ Giao cho Chinh Phu thirc thi quyen hanh phap - Hanh chinh Nha nu6c cao
nhat.
+ Giao cho TAND va VKSND thvc thi quyen to phap Nha nu6c.
+ QH gift lai quyen lap phap va giam sat te)i cao d6i vai toan b6 to chirc
va boat dOng cua b6 may NN va quy& dinh nhang van de co ban cUa dot nu6c.
- Trong qua trinh hog dOng, tali co quan thgc hien chirc nang, nhiem
quyen han va tham quyen khac nhau, nhung c6 str phi hap chat the vai nhau,
tao nen co the tap trung th6ng nhat quyen lyc Nha nu6c - quyen luc nhan dan
- Su phan cong trong B6 may NN de thvc hien quyen hrc NN c6 hieu qua,
nhung phai c6 su kiem soot viec thi quyen hrc nham bao dam tinh th6ng nhat
2.3.2.4. Nguyen tic Phdp chi XHCN
* Co s6 phap dugc quy dinh tai khoan 1, Dieu 8 - HP 2013.
- Nha nu6c COng h6a XHCN Viet Nam la Nha nuac phap quyen XHCN.
- Nha nuac quanlxa h6i bang phap luat va tang cuong phap the XHCN.
* Ve not dung:
- T6 chirc va hoat dOng dm co quan Nha nu6c, can b6, cong chirc Nha
nu6c phai can cir vao phap luat, tren ca so phap luat ma thvc thi.
- M9i to chirc va ca nhan phai hoat dOng tren ca s6 khuon kh6 cua phap
luat, lay phap luat lam thudic do, chuan 'WC danh gia hanh vi.
- Ch6ng m9i bieu hien to do, tity tien, vo to chirc, vo chinh phn.
„
A ,
* Yeu cau cua nguyen tac nay:

- Dam bao sir dieu chinh (th6ng tri) cua phap luat ten tat ca cac linh vvc
hog dOng cua dai sang xa h6i.

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- Cac co. quan Nha nuoc, can b(), cong chirc Nha nuoc chi dugc lam nhting gi
ma phap luat cho phep; cong dan c6 quyen dugc lam nhfing gi ma PL khong cam.
- Dam bao quyen dan chu, binh ding truov phap luat cua mgi chU the.
- Moi hanh vi vi pham PL phai dugc xir 13'T nghiem minh, dUng phap luat.
2.3.2.5. Nguyen tiie dam bow sy- lanh dgo curl Dang atoi voi Nha nu.ot.
* Ve co se(

Dugc quy dinh tai kl, D 4 - HP 2013.

* Yeti cau cua nguyen tac:
- Dam bao vai tro hat nhan lanh dao cua Dang d6i \ ad NN va xa h6i.
- Dam bao tinh dinh huong duamg 16i cho to chirc va hoat dOng cUa NN.
* Su the hien vai tro lanh dao cua Dang d6i vai Nha nuoc
- Vach ra duang 16i, chU truong dUng &An cho six phat tri'en KT - XH.
- Vach ra chu truang, ke hoach cho to chic NN va chinh sach can 1)6.
- Dao tao, b6i duOng can b6 cho Nha nuoc.
- Cu can b6 tham gia nom gift cac cuong vi chti ch6t trong b6 may nha
nuoc.
- Kiem tra, giam sat boat dOng cua blo may nha nuoc, can b6 clang vien
trong b6 may nha nuoc.
- Neu cao vai tro tien phong, guang rnA.u, di ddu dm can b6 dang vien.
2.4. CAC CO QUAN TRONG HE THONG TO ClIfYC BO MAY NHA
NU'OC
2.4.1. Queic HOi nu'&c COng Hoa XHCN V* Nam

2.4.1.1. Vi tri pith], 1j5(1) 69 - HP 2013)
Qu6c H6i la co quan doi bieu cao nhdt cua nhan dan, co quan quyen lirc
Nha nuoc cao nhdt cua nuoc COng hoa XHCN Viet Nam.
2.4.1.2. Chirc nang cua QH
- Qu6c h6i la co quan duy nhAt c6 quyen lap hien va lap phap.
- Qu6c h6i guy& dinh nhang chinh sach ca ban ve d6i not va d6i ngoai, nhiem
vu kinh to - xa h6i, qu6c phong, an ninh cua dAt nuoc, nhang nguyen tAc chu yeu ve
to chirc va boat clOng cua b6 may Nha mac, ve quan he xa h6i va boat dOng cUa
cong dan.
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- QuOc hOi thut hien quyen giam sat tai cao d6i veri town bo hoat d(ing cua Nhd
ntroc.
2.4.1.3. Nhiem vu va quyen

curl Quac HOi

- Lam Hien phap va sua. d6i Hien phap; lam luat va sira d6i luat; guy&
dinh chuang trinh xay dung luat, phap l'enh;
- Thvc hien quyen giam sat tai cao viec tuan theo Hien phap, luat va nghi
quy& cua Qu6c h(3i; xet bao cao hoat dOng dm Chu tich nuerc, US( ban thuerng
vu Quek hOi, Chinh phil, Tod an nhan dan tai cao, Vien kiem sat nhan dan tai
cao;
- Quyet dinh ice hoach phat trien kinh to - xd hOi cua dat nuerc;
- Quyet dinh chinh sach tai chinh, tien to qu6c gia; quyet dinh du toan
ngan sach Nhd nu& va phan be) ngan sach Nhd nuerc, phe chuan quyet toan
ngan sach Nhd ntrac; quy dinh, sira d6i hoac bai bo cac thu thus;
- Quyet dinh chinh sach dan tOc cua Nhd nuerc;
- Quy dinh to chirc vd hoat dOng cua Qu6c hOi, ChU tich ntrac, Chinh phtl,

Tod an nhan dan, Vien kiem sat nhan dan va chinh quyen dia phuang;
- BAu, mien nhiem, bai nhiem Chu tich nuot, Pho Chti tich nuac, Chu -Lich
Qu6c hoi, cac Pho Chu tich Qu6c hoi va cac uy vien US( ban thtrang vu Qu6c 110i,
Thil Wang Chinh phit, Chanh an Tod an nhan dan tai cao, Vien tnrang Vien kiem sat
nhan dan tai cao; phe chuan de nghi cua Chu tich nu& ve viec thanh lap HOi &ng
qu6c phong va an ninh; phe chuan de nghi cua Thu Wong Chinh phu ve viec bo
nhiem, mien nhiem, cach chirc Pho 'Thu Wang, Bo tn.rong vd cac thanh vien khac
cua Chinh phU;
- Quyet dinh thanh lap, bai bo cac Bo va cac co quan ngang Bo cua Chinh
phil; thanh lap mai, nhap, chia, dieu chinh dia gied tinh, thanh ph6 tux thuOc
trung uang; thanh lap hoac giai the don vi hanh chinh - kinh to dac biet;
- Bai bó cac van ban ctla Chit tich nuerc, US, ban thuang vu Qu6c
Chinh phu, Thu Wong Chinh phu, Toa an nhan dan tai cao va Vien kiem sat
nhan dan tai cao trai veri Hien phap, luat va. nghi guy& cua Qu6c hOi;
- Quyet dinh dai xd;
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