Viet lai cau tieng anh cho HSG

Biên soạn: Nguyễn Đình Luyện
GV Trường THCS Bù Nho – Bù Gia Mập – Bình Phước

( LƯU HÀNH NỘI BỘ)

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TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI HỌC SINH GIỎI ANH 9 VÀ BỒI DƯƠNG THI VÀO LỚP 10 THPT CHUYÊN


PHẦN I
CÁC CẤU TRÚC TƯƠNG ĐỒNG THƯỜNG GẶP
1. PREFER = WOULD RATHER = LIKE
a. S + would prefer
S + would rather + S + past subj
b. S + like….better than..
<=> S + would rather…than….
c. S + prefer
S + would rather + V.
1. He would prefer you to tell him a story.
=> He’d rather .........................................................................................................
2. We’d prefer you not to smoke.
=> We’d rather ........................................................................................................
3. Daisy likes to eat fish better than meat.
=> Daisy prefers ......................................................................................................
4. They like to go to the zoo better than to the cinema.
=> They would rather .............................................................................................
5. Peter likes to be a tractor driver better than to be a farmer.
=> Peter prefers .......................................................................................................
6. We prefer to stay at home tonight.
=> We like...............................................................................................................
7. Tony would rather watch sports on TV than play.

=> Tony prefers .......................................................................................................
8. Mr Ba likes to live in a city better than in the countryside.
=> Mr Ba would rather ............................................................................................
9. I like to be a worker beter than to be a farmer.
=> I would rather.....................................................................................................
10. He likes to be a supporter better than to be a player.
=> He prefers...........................................................................................................
2. Would prefer some one to do sth = would rather some one did sth
1. I'd prefer you to phone him today.
=> I’d rather ............................................................................................................
2. I'd prefer you to show them to him today.
=> I’d rather ............................................................................................................
3. I'd prefer you to go to the library
=> I’d rather ............................................................................................................
4. I'd rather you paid the milk bill
=> I'd prefer.............................................................................................................
5. I'd prefer you to make the arrangements
=> I’d rather ............................................................................................................
6. I'd prefer you to read the instructions
=> I’d rather ............................................................................................................
7. I'd prefer you to sweep the stairs
=> I’d rather ............................................................................................................
8. I'd prefer you not to burn the rubbish
=> I’d rather ............................................................................................................
9. I’d rather you didn’t leave
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=> I'd prefer............................................................................................................
10 I’d rather you didn’t speak to James

=> I'd prefer............................................................................................................
3. Would like + perfect infinitive = wanted + present infinitive
0. I would like to have seen it but there wasn't time
= I wanted to see it but there wasn't time.
1. I would like to have rung Peter but I didn’t .
 I wanted ..............................................................................................................
2. I would like to have talked to the students but I didn’t.
 I wanted ..............................................................................................................
3. I would like to have attended the conference but there wasn’t any time.
 I wanted ..............................................................................................................
4. I would like to have tried the beer but I was busy.
 I wanted ..............................................................................................................
5. I would like to have watched the match but I had no time.
 I wanted ..............................................................................................................
6. I would like to have visited the museum but there was no time
 I wanted ..............................................................................................................
7. I wanted to walk round the town but I had to work.
 I would like ........................................................................................................
8. I wanted to meet your friends yesterday but I was busy.
 I would like ........................................................................................................
9. I wanted to have coffee with some friends but I was busy.
 I would like ........................................................................................................
10. I would like to have taken photographs with my relatives but I didn’t.
 I wanted ..............................................................................................................
4. QUESTIONS WITH “HOW MUCH”
What + be + the price of sth ? <=>

How much + be + sth ?
How much + do/does + sth + cost?

1. What is the price of this watch?
=> How much......................................................................................... ?
2. What is the price of your car?
=> How much......................................................................................... ?
3. What is the price of his coat?
=> How much......................................................................................... ?
4. What is the price of her hat?
=> How much......................................................................................... ?
5. What is the price of these beautiful scarves?
=> How much......................................................................................... ?
6. How much are these oranges?
=> What is ............................................................................................. ?
7. How much is the pork?
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=> What is.............................................................................................. ?
8. How much do these dresses cost?
=> What is.............................................................................................. ?
9. How much does the petrol cost?
=> What is.............................................................................................. ?
10. How much is a cup of coffee?
=> What is.............................................................................................. ?
5. TOO + ADJ + TO_INFI. AND SO…..THAT
a. S + be + too + adj + to_infi
<=> S + be + so + adj + that + ( S + can’t + V_infi )
b. S + V + too + adv + to_infi
<=> S + V + so + adv + that + ( S + can’t + V_infi )
1. This iron bar is too cold for the worker to strike.
=> ..........................................................................................................

2. The weather is too cold for them to go out.
=> ..........................................................................................................
3. He spoke too fast for anybody to understand.
=> ..........................................................................................................
4. This tea is too hot for him to to drink.
=> ..........................................................................................................
5. The cake was too hard for me to eat.
=> ..........................................................................................................
6. The production is too small to satisfy the need of our city.
=> ..........................................................................................................
7. The problem was too complicated for them to solve in a few months.
=> ..........................................................................................................
8. The man was too tired to say a word.
=> ..........................................................................................................
9. I think that my sister is too busy to help them.
=> I think................................................................................................
10. Peter is too young to take part in the club.
=> ..........................................................................................................
6. HAVE = THERE IS/ARE
S + have <=> There is/are
1. The café has a lot of tables.
=> ..........................................................................................................
2. Theatre programmes usually have lots of information
=> ..........................................................................................................
3. London has more than fifty theatres.
=> ..........................................................................................................
4. The garden has a swimming pool.
=> ..........................................................................................................
5. The system has both private and state schools.
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=> ..........................................................................................................
6. My house has four rooms.
=> ..........................................................................................................
7. There will be more than 8 billion people in the world in 2020
=> ..........................................................................................................
8. There have been more robberies in this town recently.
=> ..........................................................................................................
9. There will be a lot of interesting TV programmes for people.
=> ..........................................................................................................
10. The school has twenty classrooms.
=> ..........................................................................................................
7. THE VERB “ SUGGEST” FOLLOWED BY PRESENT SUBJ
a. Let’s + V
S + suggest + that + S + present subj
b. In my opinion
c. S + advise
d. Why don’t you do sth?
Or S + suggest + V_ing
1. “Let’s go for a walk in the park,” said Ann.
=> Ann suggested that ............................................................................
2. In my opinion you are not telling the truth.
=> I suggested ........................................................................................
3. “ I’d take a taxi if I were you”, said Peter.
=> Peter suggested..................................................................................
4. The doctor advised me to take a rest.
=> The doctor suggested.........................................................................
5. “ Why don’t you complain to the company, Peter?” said William.
=> William suggested .............................................................................

6. Why don’t you meet to discuss the pay offer?
=> I suggest ............................................................................................
7. “Why don’t you go on a holiday?” Jane said.
=> Jane suggested...................................................................................
8. “Why don’t you buy a food processor?” said Mary.
=> Mary .................................................................................................
9. The policeman told us to fit new locks on the door.
=> The policeman ..................................................................................
10. “Why don’t you buy this picture as a wedding present?” said Nga.
=> Nga advised me.................................................................................
8. TO LIKE = TO BE FOND OF
S + like + sth
<=> S + be + fond of sth / doing sth
<=> S + be + interested in sth / doing sth
1. I like detective stories.
=> I am....................................................................................................................
2. She likes drinking coffee.
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=> She is .................................................................................................................
3. Children like sweets.
=> Children are........................................................................................................
4. The tourists like to lie on the beach sunbathing.
=> The tourists .......................................................................................................
5. We like to go camping in the mountains.
=> We are................................................................................................................
6. Nobody is fond of liars.
=> Nobody ..............................................................................................................
7. She is fond of watching the sunset.

=> She .....................................................................................................................
8. They are interested in watching football match on TV.
=> They...................................................................................................................
9. The boys are fond of playing video games.
=> The boys like.....................................................................................................
10. Mr Ba likes walking to work inthe morning.
=> Mr Ba is ...........................................................................................................
9. ADJ/ADV+ ENOUGH
a. S + be + so + adj + that + S + V
b. S + be + too + adj + to_infi
<=> S + be + adj + enough + to_infi
c. S + V + so + adv + that+ S + V
<=> S + V + adv + enough + to_infi
1. The water was so cold that children could not swim in it.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
2. Mike is too young to see the horror film.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
3. He acted so well that the audience was moved to tears.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
4. She isn’t very intelligent so she can’t do that exercises.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
5. The paper mill is very large so it can satisfy the need of the whole country.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
6. Those exercises are easy so they could finish them in half an hour.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
7. The policeman could not run very fast, so he was unable to catch the burglar.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
8. There is no much beer, so you can’t all have a drink.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
9. I am very tired so I must go to bed early.

=> ..........................................................................................................................
10. Peter is too young to ride a bike.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
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10. EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES
S + be + adj <=> What + (a/an) + adj + n !
How + adj + S +be
S + V + adv <=> How + adv + S + V !
1. She is a very graceful girl.
=>What ...................................................................................................................
2. How fast he run!
=>He is....................................................................................................................
3. The meal was excellent.
=>What ...................................................................................................................
4. This is a beautiful picture.
=>What ...................................................................................................................
5. She sang very beautifully.
=>How ....................................................................................................................
6. What a sweet little girl!
=>She ......................................................................................................................
7. What a great idea!
=>That is .................................................................................................................
8. What a beautiful home you have!
=>You .....................................................................................................................
9. How nice that Jane could come with you!
=>It is ......................................................................................................................
10. How nice she is!
=>What a.................................................................................................................

11. unreal subject it
IT + BE + ADJ + TO V = To V_infinitive + ... +is + adj
= S + find it + Adj + To V_infinitive
= V_ing + ... + is + adj
1. Learning English is difficult.
=>It is .....................................................................................................................
2. It’s good exercise to jog in the morning .
=> to jog..................................................................................................................
3. Seeing our friends again was wonderful.
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
4. Complaining about that matter now is useless.
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
5. Sitting in one place for so long was very uncomfortable.
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
6. Going to that party next week will be a lot of fun.
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
7. Finding example of that is almost impossible.
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
8. Traveling to Bach Long Vi Island by boat will be very interesting.
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=> It's ......................................................................................................................
9. Understanding that book is very difficult for me.
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
10. Writing good compositions in English is not easy.
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
11. Driving home here to Lang Son is very tiring.
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
12. Getting to school by bus is not very convenient.

=> It's ......................................................................................................................
13. Protecting the environment from pollution is very important.
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
14. Finishing this work tonight is hard for me.
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
15. Driving a car is not easy.
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
16. Passing the final exam is easy for her.
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
17. Flying to Nha Trang is comfortable.
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
18. Letting your baby go out alone is very dangerous.
=> It's .....................................................................................................
19. Seeing our old friends again was wonderful .
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
20. To go swimming is interesting .
=> I find .................................................................................................................
21. I find it difficult to speak English well .
=> It's ......................................................................................................................
12. IT’S HIGH TIME..
S + should/had better / ought to + V _infi
It’s high time + S + past subjunctive
1. You really should be able to dress yourself by now.
=> It’s high time you ...............................................................................................
2. “ It’s time for you to go to the hospital,” Sam said to Hellen.
=> “It’s time you .....................................................................................................
3. When is the council going to do something about the city’s traffic problems?
=> It’s high time something.....................................................................................
4. I had better get back to work.
=> ...........................................................................................................................

5. The government should really do something about air pollution.
=> ...........................................................................................................................
6. Children should be in bed by now.
=> ...........................................................................................................................
7. We ought to find out how much it’s going to cost.
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=> “It’s time we.......................................................................................................
8. We had to go home now
=> “It’s time we.......................................................................................................
9. They ought to find out why he is in London.
=> “It’s time they ....................................................................................................
13. NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO
a. S + V + both….and….
b. S + V + O/C + and + O/C
c. S + V + and + S + V

<=> S + V + not only….but also…

1. You are both funny and witty.
=> You are not only.................................................................................................
2. She can enjoy a good meal and she can go fishing on the lake.
=> She can not.........................................................................................................
3. They ate lamb chops and fish.
=> ...........................................................................................................................
4. The underground is quick and cheap.
=> ...........................................................................................................................
5. Mr Nam has read a novel by Shakespear and he has seen the film made from it.
=> ……………………………………………………………………………

6. They like field events and they like team games.
=> ...........................................................................................................................
7. Daisy has both toothache and headache.
=> ...........................................................................................................................
8. The pavements are both narrow and crowded.
=> ...........................................................................................................................
9. That boy was dirty and he was lazy, too.
=> ...........................................................................................................................
10. Mrs Phuong’s daughter is both beautiful and clever.
=> ...........................................................................................................................
14. USED TO
1. S + don’t/doesn’t + V(bare) + …… any more
2. S + used to + V( bare) + ……………
3. S + stop + Ving + ……………..
4. S + no longer + V + …………….
5. S + V + ………. + any longer.
6. S + give up + ving + …………….
15. TO BE USED TO
a. S + be accustomed to + V_ing
b. S + often + V
<=> S + be used to + V_ing
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c. This is the first time + The present perfect tense
<=> S + be not used to + V_ing
1. They once started these machines by hand.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
2. He doesn’t get up late any more.
=> ..........................................................................................................................

3. I don’t listen to the radio any more.
=> ...........................................................................................................................
4. They don’t have a dog any more.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
5. My brother doesn’t serve in the army any longer.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
6. Ben is not as keen on travel as she used to be.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
7. When he was young, he usually did morning exercises in the park.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
8. The man often spent his holiday in the mountain when he was young.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
9. Before he had the car, he went to work by bike.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
10. When I was young , I often got up early.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
11. Janie isn’t accustomed to working so hard.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
l2. I often get up early.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
13. My English friend finds driving on the right difficult.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
14. This is the first time that I have lived in a city with a high crime rate.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
15. She has always got up early in the morning.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
16. Working a large office is a new experience for me.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
17. My brother is accustomed to living in a cold climate.
=> ..........................................................................................................................

18. I don’t normaly go into town by car.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
19. My grandmother is not accustomed to the cold weather.
=> ..........................................................................................................................
20. This is the first time my daughter has eaten European food.
=> ...........................................................................................................................
21. I don’t play chess as well as I used to.
=> I used ..................................................................................................................
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16.

Whose + N + be + Pronoun? ( Cái .. này của ai? )
= Who + do/does + N + belong to? (Cái…. này thuộc của ai? )
1. Whose cars are these?
=> Who ...................................................................................................................?
2. Who does that hat belong to?
=> Whose ................................................................................................................?
3. Whose house is it?
=> Who ...................................................................................................................?
4. Who do those bikes belong to?
=> Whose ...............................................................................................................?
5. Whose bags are they ?
=> Who do .............................................................................................................
17. BE NECESSARY AND HAVE TO
S + be + not necessary / pointless

S + don’t need to
S + don’t have to

There is no need to

S + needn’t…
1. It isn’t necessary to shout.
 You.....................................................................................................................
2. It is pointless to repair that old typewriter.
 That old ..............................................................................................................
3. . It isn’t necessary to make an appointment to see the bank manager.
 There is no ..........................................................................................................
4. In the event, the extra insurance we took out wasn’t necessary.
 In the event, we needn’t ......................................................................................
5. It isn’t necessary for you to finish by Saturday.
 ...........................................................................................................................
6. It isn’t necessary to have any previous experience to apply for the job.
 ...........................................................................................................................
7. It isn’t necessary for us to repay the loan.
 ...........................................................................................................................
8. It isn’t necessary for me to explain all the recent absenteeism.
 ...........................................................................................................................
9. It isn’t necessary for you to do the test.
 ...........................................................................................................................
10. It will be necessary for her to give up her job soon.
 Soon she .............................................................................................................
11. Will it be necessary for me to sleep under a net?
 Shall I have to .....................................................................................................?
18. WOULD RATHER + CLAUSE AND IF ONLY
1. If only +
past subjunctive
Past perfect subjunctive
2.S + would rather + S + subjunctive

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1. “It’s silly of you to worry so much!” Helen answered, laughing.
=> “ If only you .......................................................................................................
2. What a pity he didn’t spend more time revising.
=> If only ................................................................................................................
3. Would you mind not smoking in here?
=> I’d rather ............................................................................................................
4. I wish I had attended the party last night.
=> I’d rather ...........................................................................................................
5. I would prefer you not to call me late at night.
=> I’d rather ............................................................................................................
6. I don’t want you to follow me all the time
=> ...........................................................................................................................
7. Please don’t interrupt me when I am speaking.
=> I’d rather ...........................................................................................................
8. Please don’t tell him.
=> I’d rather ............................................................................................................
9. I would prefer you to deliver the sofa on Saturday.
=> I’d rather ............................................................................................................
19. CAUSATIVE FORM
1. Causative active:
S + get / ask / request / want + S.O + to do sth
<=> S + have + S.O + do sth
2. Causative passive:
<=> S + have / get + sth + vp.p
1. Someone is going to repair my TV set tomorrow.
=> I am going to ......................................................................................................
2. They had the porter carry their luggage to a taxi.

=> They had their ....................................................................................................
3. They had an electrician rewire their house last month.
=> They had their house ..........................................................................................
4. I am going to ask somebody to mend your bike.
=> I am going to have..............................................................................................
5. They had an old man cut the grass in their garden.
=> They asked .........................................................................................................
6. Tom wanted Peter to wash that car.
=> Tom had .............................................................................................................
7. He didn’t have anyone repair his son’s bike.
=> He didn’t want....................................................................................................
8. I requested them to carry suitcases to a taxi.
=> I had them ..........................................................................................................
9. I asked my brother to fix the flat tyre yesterday.
=> I had ...................................................................................................................
10. The teacher asks the girls to do needle work at home.
=> The teacher has...................................................................................................
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20. TAKE = SPEND = IN ... TIME
1. We spent 2 hours watering the flowers.
 It took ................................................................................................................
2. It takes me 15 minutes to go to school by bike.
=> I spend ..............................................................................................................
3. It took him a year to study English
=> He spent ...........................................................................................................
4. It took her 2 hours to type this document.
=> She spent ..........................................................................................................
5. We spent 5 hours getting to London.

=> It took................................................................................................................
6. The astronauts orbited the earth in two hours.
=> It took................................................................................................................
7. We finished this task in about two hours
=> We spent ...........................................................................................................
8. She spends two hours a day practicing English.
=> It takes...............................................................................................................
9. It took us five hours to get to Nha Trang.
=> We spent ..........................................................................................................
10. I ride bicycle to school in twenty minutes.
=> It takes...............................................................................................................
11. She usually types the letter in 20 minutes.
=> She usually spends .............................................................................................
12. I often walk to my office in 10 minutes.
=> It takes me..........................................................................................................
13. The flight to Ha Noi lasts 3 hours.
=> It takes ...............................................................................................................
14. They will build a new house in five years.
=> It takes them.......................................................................................................
15. He always has breakfast in 10 minutes.
=> It always takes him.............................................................................................
16. She usually writes the bill in several seconds.
=> It usually takes her .............................................................................................
17. The doctor usually examines his patient in 20 minutes.
=> It takes the doctor ...............................................................................................
18. I get to work in half an hour.
=> It takes me..........................................................................................................
19. We usually go to school about twenty minutes by bike.
=> It usually takes us ...............................................................................................
20. They usually go to Ha Noi about 18 hours by coach.

=> It usually takes them ..........................................................................................
21. I usually get there in two minutes.
=> It usually takes me..............................................................................................
22. How long do you usually get to Ha Noi by plane?
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=> How long does it ................................................................................................
23. How long does Nam do his homework at home?
=> How long does it ................................................................................................
24. I usually have to spend 2 hours finishing my homework.
=> It's usualy takes .................................................................................................
25. She often has to spend 10 minutes opening the door.
=> Opening the door takes .....................................................................................
26. It takes me about two hours each day to do my homework.
=> I spends .............................................................................................................
27. The boy spends 3 hours a day learning the lesson.
=> The boys ............................................................................................................
21.

made + O + V infi
= Force + O + V to infi
= (O)->S + be made + V to infi
1 .They made him wait for two hours
=> He ......................................................................................................................
2. They made her finish the test in one hour
=> She .....................................................................................................................
3. Her father forced her to work hard for the examination.
=> She ....................................................................................................................
4. Minh was made to stay up late at night learning his lesson by his father.

=> Minh’s father......................................................................................................
5. His parents made him study hard for his exam.
=> He was ...............................................................................................................
22. Started/ began = have + V p.p / been + V ing
1. He has been working in this factory for 15 years.
 He started............................................................................................................
2. He started to learn English eight years ago.
 He.......................................................................................................................
3. We have been learning English for one year.
 We began............................................................................................................
4. I have been studying business administration in London for 2 years
 I began ................................................................................................................
5 . We started working on this project a year ago
 We have.............................................................................................................
23. How long = When
1. How long have they lived in this neighborhood?
 When ..................................................................................................................?
2. How long is it since you saw Tom?
 When ..................................................................................................................?
3. How long is it since they bought the house?
 When ..................................................................................................................?
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4. When did he started working for the company?
 How long ............................................................................................................?
5. How long is it since you used the car?
 When ..................................................................................................................?
6. How long is it since they moved here?
 When ..................................................................................................................?

24. The last time S + V_ed/2 = S + haven’t/hasn’t + V3/ed
1.The last time she visited me was five months ago.
 She hasn’t ...........................................................................................................
2.The last time it rained here was a fortnight ago.
It ..........................................................................................................................
3.The last time We saw her was 2 months ago
We haven't ..........................................................................................................
4. The last time we went there was in 1997
 We .....................................................................................................................
5. The last time I saw him was in 1995.
 I haven’t ............................................................................................................
6. The last time we visited Kuala Lumpur was 5 years ago.
 We haven’t ........................................................................................................
7.The last time she visited me was five months ago.
 She hasn’t ...........................................................................................................
8.I last wrote to my uncle in June.
 I haven’t .............................................................................................................
9. The last time I ate this kind of food was in January
 I ..........................................................................................................................
10. She last wore that dress at her sister’s wedding.
 She hasn’t ..........................................................................................................
25. too= enough= so…that = such … that…
1. The package was too heavy for Peter to carry.
 The package was so ............................................................................................
2. He was so strong that he could push the door open easily.
 He was strong enough .........................................................................................
3. That woman was so weak that she couldn’t walk without her cane.
 She was such ......................................................................................................
4. This holiday is so expensive. I don’t think I can go.
 It is such .............................................................................................................

5. He spoke so qickly that I couldn’t undertand what he said.
 He spoke too .......................................................................................................
6. He is too old to cycle.
 He is so...............................................................................................................
7. The garden is too small to play football in.
 The garden is not ................................................................................................
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8. The exercises are so easy that every one can do them.
 They’re such .......................................................................................................
9. He was so tired that he could not carry this box upstairs.
 He was too..........................................................................................................
10. The question is so easy that everyone can answer it.
 It is such .............................................................................................................
11. He is clever enough to complete that sentence.
 He is so ..............................................................................................................
12. This film is good enough for him to see.
 This film is so ....................................................................................................
 It is such ............................................................................................................
13. The door was so hard that it couldn’t be broken down.
 It was ..................................................................................................................
14.The questions are so easy that everyone can answer them .
 They are such......................................................................................................
15. The package was too heavy for Peter to carry .
 The package was so ...........................................................................................
16. He was so strong that he could push the door open easily .
 He was strong enough ........................................................................................
17. That woman was so weak that she couldn’t walk without her cane .
 She was such......................................................................................................

18. The question was so difficult that no one could answer it .
 It was such ..........................................................................................................
19. My grandmother is very old . she can’t work now .
 My grandmother is too........................................................................................
20. The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough .
 The sea was too...................................................................................................
26. Regret = Wish = What a pity = S + be + sorry + clause
S + regret(not) + V_ing
= S + wish + S +had + Vp.p
S + sorry + S + be(not)
= S + wish + S + were = ...
+ didn't + V infi + ..
= S + wish + S + had + V p.p
S + forget + V ing
= S wish + S + had + V p.p
26. a. Trong câu có các cụm từ hoặc cấu trúc đưa ra 1 điều như hối tiếc, mong muốn, ân
hận want to/ would love to/ would like to/ be sorry/ be afraid/ it’s pity/ regret
Ex: 1. They want Jason to be here now
=> They wish Jason were here now.
Ex: 2. I’m afraid I can’t go to your party.
=> I wish I could go to your party.
26. b. reget/ forget/ remember + V-ing / be sorry for + V-ing / should (not) have V3 /
need have v3/ must have V3 các cấu trúc này thường mô tả 1 điều gì đó mà chủ từ đã
làm hoặc chưa làm không như mong muốn.
Ex: 1.He regrets not saying good-bye to Jane.
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=> He wishes he had said good-bye to Jane.
Ex: 2.I think you should have told him about that matter.

=> I wish you had told him about that matter.
26. c. Các cấu trúc
It’s (high) time … / would rather …
Ex: It’s high time Mary went to bed.
=> Mary’s mother wishes she went to bed.
26. d. Present perfect => past wish
Ex: She hasn’t visited London yet.
=> She wishes she had visited London.
1. I wish I had gone on holiday with my friend.
=> I regret................................................................................................................
2. I regret not finishing my home work at the weekend.
=> I wish .................................................................................................................
3. Jane forgets saying good bye to Jason!
=> Jane wishes ........................................................................................................
4. I ate nothing for breakfast; now I’m hungry.
=> I wish ................................................................................................................
5. It’s a pity he doesn’t take the doctor’s advice
=> I wish .................................................................................................................
6. I’m really sorry I didn’t invite her to the party
=> I really wish .......................................................................................................
7. John lives in a small flat and he doesn’t like
=> John wishes ........................................................................................................
8. Please don’t say things like that
=> I wish .................................................................................................................
9. Iam sorry I don’t have time to come and help you with your homework.
=> I wish .................................................................................................................
10. It’s a pity I can’t go to the game next Sunday
=> I wish .................................................................................................................
11. I haven’t got much money.
=> I wish ...............................................................................................................

12. She’d like to be far away, on a desert island.
=> She wishes .........................................................................................................
13. Francisco lives a long way away.
=> I wish Francisco ................................................................................................
14. I have to practice the piano every day.
=> If only ................................................................................................................
15. I’m not very good at maths.
=> I wish ................................................................................................................
16. Daniel doesn’t live in the center of town.
=> Daniel wishes .....................................................................................................
17. I don’t know how to repair the car.
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=> If only ................................................................................................................
18. It rains here every day.
=> If only ...............................................................................................................
19. Nicholas is sorry he smashed up his car.
=> Nicholas ............................................................................................................
20. She is sorry she didn't meet Nam last night.
=> She wishes .........................................................................................................
21. I’d love to own a horse.
=> I .........................................................................................................................
22. Won’t the snow ever stop?
=> If only ...............................................................................................................
23. Unfortunatly, I am not lying on a beach in the Caribbean.
=> I wish .................................................................................................................
24. I shouldn’t have spent so much money.
=> If only ................................................................................................................
25. He should stop talking so much.

=> I wish ................................................................................................................
26. I don’t think I’ll be able to go to the concert.
=> If only ................................................................................................................
27. I’d would be so happy if Pablo phoned me tonight.
=> If only ................................................................................................................
28. It’s a pity we aren’t neighbours.
=> I .........................................................................................................................
29. I regret speaking to him so impolitely yesterday.
=> I wished..............................................................................................................
30. I want the baby to stop crying.
=> I wish .................................................................................................................
31. He is sorry for not having invited Molly to his party.
=> He wished ..........................................................................................................
32. She wished she didn’t live in such a small house.
=> She ....................................................................................................................
33. I wish that Mark knew about it.
=> Mark .................................................................................................................
34. We have no idea what to do
=> I wish ................................................................................................................
35. He should have stopped smoking.
=> If only ................................................................................................................
36. What a pity, he ‘s so boring.
=> I wish ................................................................................................................
37. It’s a mistake of mine, accepting that job.
=> I wish ................................................................................................................
38. How unfortunate that they all heard about it.
=> She wished .........................................................................................................
39. It would be useful to have shares in the company, but I haven’t any.
=> I wish .................................................................................................................
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40. I’d like him to contribute his opinion more tactfully.
=> I wish ................................................................................................................
41. You needn't have told her about that.
=> I wish ................................................................................................................
42. I should have gone to the conference.
=> I wish .................................................................................................................
43. Is it ever going to stop snowing?
=> I wish ................................................................................................................
44. You should review your lessons for the exam.
=> It’s time..............................................................................................................
45. I should really be starting my homework.
=> It’s time..............................................................................................................
46. I wish I hadn’t told him what we were planning to do that evening
=> I regret................................................................................................................
47. Last year I got many bad marks.
=> I wish ...............................................................................................................
48. He was very sorry that he didn’t see Andrew on her trip to London.
=> He greatly regretted............................................................................................
49. Mrs. Taylor regretted buying the second –hand washing-machine.
=> Mrs. Taylor wished ............................................................................................
27. IF = BECAUSE = SO = UNLESS
1. You got into so much trouble because you didn’t listen to me.
=> If ........................................................................................................................
2. There are so many bugs in the room because there isn’t a screen on the window.
=> If ........................................................................................................................
3. He is busy right now. So, he can’t help them.
=> If ........................................................................................................................
4. I can’t make all of my own meals because I am not good at cooking.

=> If ........................................................................................................................
5. I’m not you, so I can’t tell him the truth.
=> If I ......................................................................................................................
6. She came, so he wasn’t disappointed.
=> If ........................................................................................................................
7. He is not a good student. He didn’t study for the test yesterday.
=> If ........................................................................................................................
8. I didn’t eat breakfast several hours ago, so I am hungry now.
=> If ........................................................................................................................
9. Mai is sick because she didn’t follow the doctor’s orders.
=> If ........................................................................................................................
10. He is tired this morning because he didn’t go to bed early last night.
=> If ........................................................................................................................
11. She is very shy; that’s why she doesn’t enjoy parties.
=>If .........................................................................................................................
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12. He doesn’t take exercise; that’s why he is so unhealthy.
=>If .........................................................................................................................
13. Unless she is careful, she will cut herself with that knife
=>If .........................................................................................................................
14. If it doesn’t stop raining, we can’t go out.
=> Unless ...............................................................................................................
15. If I didn’t have a key, I couldn’t get into the room.
=> Unless ...............................................................................................................
28. Continue = go on= carry on= keep on + V_ing
1. The police continued to watch the house.
=> The police carried...............................................................................................
2. The children kept on talking about the animal shows at the circus last night.

=> The children went ..............................................................................................
3. She carried on working although she had a cough.
=> She continued ....................................................................................................
4. The child went on crying in spite of having given a toy.
=> The child kept ...................................................................................................
29. Someone can't (couldn't) do sth because of sth.
= Sth prevent(ed) / stop(ped) deter(ed) someone from doing sth.
1. Mr Thanh couldn’t enjoy the meal because of the stomachache.
=> The stomachache prevented ...............................................................................
2. I couldn’t come to Hoa’s birthday party because of the heavy rain.
=> The heavy rain....................................................................................................
3. The train couldn’t run because of the storm.
=> The storm ...........................................................................................................
4. He couldn’t see anything because of the dark night.
=> The dark night ....................................................................................................
5. The car couldn’t run because of the accident.
=> The accident ......................................................................................................
6. I couldn’t listen to the radio because of the noise.
=> The noise ...........................................................................................................
7. The child couldn’t sleep because of the noise.
=> The noise............................................................................................................
8. They couldn’t drive because of the storm.
=> The storm ..........................................................................................................
9. The children couldn’t walk because of the wind.
=> The wind ............................................................................................................
10. The trains couldn’t run because of the great flood.
=> The great flood ...................................................................................................
11. We couldn’t drive because of the fog.
=> The fog...............................................................................................................
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12. The ship couldn't keep going because the sea was rough.
=> The rough sea.....................................................................................................
13. We can't go out because it is raining heavily.
=> The heavy rain....................................................................................................
14. The strong winds prevented the rescuers from helping the storm victims.
=> The rescuers couldn't..........................................................................................
15. We couldn’t go to shool because it rained
=> The rain..............................................................................................................
16. They don’t allow the students to smoke here
=> They prevent ......................................................................................................
30. Double comparative
The + short adj + er + S + V,
The short adj + er + S + V
The more + noun + S + V, The more + noun + S + V
The more + long adj + S + V ,
The more + long adj + S + V
The more + S + V
The more + S + V
1. They are big, they fall fast.
=> The ....................................................................................................................
2. I look into your eyes much, I love you much.
=> The ....................................................................................................................
3. She is mature, she becomes beautiful.
=> The ....................................................................................................................
4. He drinks much water, he becomes thirsty.
=> The ....................................................................................................................
5. You speak English much, your English will be good.
=> The ....................................................................................................................

6. People save much paper, much wood pulp is preserved
=> The ....................................................................................................................
7. You make much money, you spend much.
=> The ....................................................................................................................
8. Means of transport are cheap, they become popular.
=> The ....................................................................................................................
9. We leave early, we will arrive soon.
=> The ....................................................................................................................
10. You are young, you learn easily.
=> The ....................................................................................................................
11. She is older, she becomes more beautiful
=> The ....................................................................................................................
12. I waited long. I got angry
=> The ....................................................................................................................
13. The sun is high, the shadow is low.
=> The ....................................................................................................................
14. I know alot, I forget much.
=> The ....................................................................................................................
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15. I forget much , I know little.
=> The ....................................................................................................................
31. Comparative and superative
Noone in ... be / V + as + adj/adv + as + S
= S + be / V + the short adj + est + in ....
the most + long adj
(Not) equal comparison = comparative
1. Susan isn’t as good at chemistry as Sarah.
=> Sarah is .............................................................................................................

2. No one in the group is younger than he.
=> He is the ............................................................................................................
3. Stone isn’t as hard as iron.
=> Iron is ................................................................................................................
4. Tom is the best football player in the team.
=> No one in the team is .........................................................................................
5. I don’t play the guitar as well as he does.
=> He plays ............................................................................................................
6. My sister is taller than any other student in the class.
=> My sister is the ..................................................................................................
7. No other cities in Vietnam is as large as HCM city.
=> HCM city ..........................................................................................................
8. This story is more interesting than any other story that I have ever heard.
=> This is the ..........................................................................................................
9. My father can’t cook as well as my mother does.
=> My mother cooks ...............................................................................................
10. My sister is taller than any other student in the class.
=> My sister is the ..................................................................................................
11. My house is bigger than your house.
=> Your house is .....................................................................................................
12. The black car is cheaper than the red car.
=> The red car ........................................................................................................
13. This film is more interesting than that one.
=> That film is ........................................................................................................
14. My kitchen is smaller than yours.
=> Your kitchen ......................................................................................................
15. My grandmother is older than every one in my family.
=> My grandmother is the .......................................................................................
16. No one in my class is as tall as Tam.
=> Tam is the .........................................................................................................

17. I can’t cook as well as my mother.
=> My mother can cook..........................................................................................
18. He does not play tennis as well as Jack.
=> Jack can.............................................................................................................
19. I did not spend as much money as you.
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=> You spent ...........................................................................................................
20. I don’t think this book is expensive as it is.
=> This book is........................................................................................................
21. He is the tallest boy in his class.
=> No one in............................................................................................................
22. This is the most interesting film of all.
=> No other films are..............................................................................................
23. No cars in the world are more expensive than Japanese ones.
=> Japanese cars ....................................................................................................
24. This exercise is easier than that one.
=> That exercise is not.............................................................................................
25. He drives more carefully than Jack does.
=> Jack....................................................................................................................
26. No one in the group plays better than he.
=> He can ................................................................................................................
27. No hotel in the city is as comfortable as this.
=> This hotel is the ..................................................................................................
28. Other oceans in the world aren’t as large as the Pacific one.
=> The Pacific Ocean is...........................................................................................
29. They travel a lot. They know much about the world.
=> The more............................................................................................................
30. He practices hard. He performs well.

=> The harder ..........................................................................................................
31. Daisy writes slowly. She makes a few misttakes.
=> The.....................................................................................................................
32. That writer wrote many stories. She become famous.
=> The.....................................................................................................................
33. She started later. She got much into traffic jam.
=> The.....................................................................................................................
34. I am as tall as Tam.
=> Tam and I are the ...............................................................................................
35. He knows more than I do.
=> I don’t ................................................................................................................
36. Taking by taxis is more quickly than taking by bus.
=> Taking by bus isn’t ............................................................................................
37. Linh is a better cook than Hoa.
=> Hoa can’t............................................................................................................
38. Jane is the most talented student in my school.
=> No student ..........................................................................................................
39.They say that Nam is the brightest student in our school
=> No ...........................................................................................................................
40. As I get older , I want to travel less.
=> The older ................................................................................................................
41. Jane is the tallest girl in her class .
=> Nobody....................................................................................................................
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32.

S + V+ .... because of + Noun phrase (Ai đó làm sao bởi vì cái gì)
Noun phrase + make + O + Vinfi / adj (Cái gì làm cho ai đó làm sao đó ).

1. They laughed because of the clowns
=> The clowns.........................................................................................................
2. We are bored because of the news
=> The news............................................................................................................
3. They cried a lot because of the sad movie.
=> The sad movie ....................................................................................................
4. She was happy because of the birthday gift.
=> The birthday gift.................................................................................................
33. Manage = succeed
S + manage + V to infi = S + succeed in + V_ing
S don't/doesn't/didn't + succeed in V_ing = S + fail(ed) + V _ to infi
1. At last he managed to open the door.
=> He succeeded .....................................................................................................
2. She failed to find a job at this time.
=> She didn't ..........................................................................................................
3. He succeeded in solving the prolem.
=> He managed ......................................................................................................
4. They manage to finish the project in time for the presentation.
=> They succeeded ................................................................................................
34. Let = allow = permit
S + let + O + V _infi + S + allow/ permit + O + V _ to infi
S + be (not) let/allowed/permitted + V _ To infi
1. Her father doesn't let her go out late in the evening.
=> She ....................................................................................................................
2. They allowed her to enter the house.
=> They let .............................................................................................................
3. My parents allowed us to have a trip abroad with Daisy.
=> We ....................................................................................................................
4. The police don't let anyone enter the room.
=> Noone ................................................................................................................

5. She wasn’t allowed to go out
=> They didn’t let....................................................................................................
35.

S + can't afford to do sth
= S + don't/doesn't/didn't have enough money to do sth
= Sth + be too + adj + for + O + to do sth
Page 24


1. He can’t afford to buy the car.
=> The car ................................................................................................................
2. The house is too expensive for him to buy.
=> He ......................................................................................................................
3. The bill is too enormous for her to pay.
=> She .....................................................................................................................
4. They can't afford to pay for their living.
=> They...................................................................................................................
36. Lend someone sth = borrow sth from smeone
S + borrow + sth from someone
S + lend + someone + sth
1. Nam borrowed money from me
=> I .........................................................................................................................
2. I lent her the book last night.
=> She .....................................................................................................................
3. That factory borrowed much money from the VP bank.
=> The VP bank ......................................................................................................
37. look forward to doing sth = S + be + excited at/about doing sth
a. S + look forward to + Ving + ………..
b. S+ be + excited (at, about) + Ving …..

c. S + long to + V(bare) +………………
1. We are very excited about meeting Lan
=> We are looking ...................................................................................................
2. The children are always excited about Tet holiday.
=> The children are looking ....................................................................................
3. We long to going on a countrysode trip to Lan's village
=> We are ecited at..................................................................................................
38. ADJ AND ADV OF MANNER/ V AND NOUN OF JOB
S + V(present) +.. +Adv of manner
S + be + a/an + Adj + N(Job)
Ex: He drives carefully
He is a careful driver
ADJ
ADV OF MANNER
good
well
bad
badly
careless
carelessly
Page 25

VERB
work
law
invent

NOUN OF JOB
worker
sawyer

inventor