Bài tập tình huống môn pháp luật trong hoạt động kinh tế đối ngoại

Bookbooming

BAI TAP TINH H U6NG

Bki tap 1: Tinh hudng

C6ng ty A (Htfng Kong) gCri cho c6ng ty B (Vifet Nam) mflt btfc Telex c6 nOi
dung nhu sau:
Oiling tfii c6 mat hkng X, Y, Z v6i chung loai vk gik nhu sau .... Quf c«ng ty
mutfn mua d6 nghi xdc nhan
Khi nhan duoc difen, C6ng ty B dCing Telex difen lad cho A. NOi dung Telex s6 2
lk: CHting t6i bin theo di£u kifen POB bfen thuy 1000 MT lac loai 1 gi£ ... vk mua theo
di£u kifen VTF bfen thuy cic mat hkng nfeu trong Telex s6 1
Phfa Hdng KOng Telex bin 3 cho Vifet Nam: CHdng tOi chip nhan d6i cic mat
hang 6 btfc difen s 6 1 liy cic mat hang 6 Me difen s6 2 vk se giao hkng theo lich tku do
B chi dinh
Vifet Nam Telex bin 4 cho Hdng Kong thftng bio lich tku
Sau khi c6 tku, hai bfen ti£n hknh trao d<5i hang h6a, chit luong hkng h6a khOng
dat yfeu cSu dSn d£n tranh chip.
Yfeu ciu: Giffa A va B da c6 hop d6ng chua? Tai sao? Bi£t thdi gi.an giffa Telex
2 vk 3 lk 18 ngky, gifia 3 vk 4 lk 20 ngky.
Chtta:
Telex 1 chko hkng tu do, chua c6 hifeu Iuc vl thifeii di£u kifen chit luong theo
luat H6ng Kflng
Telex 2 thi£u phuong thtic thanh toin vk phuong thtfc giao hkng
Do hai bfen tifen hknh trao d<5i hkng nfen hinh thknh phuong thurc trao d6i hkng.
Do chip nhan hkng d6i hkng nfen c6 thfem phuong thtic thanh todn.
each xdc dinh s6 luong cua X, Y, Z dua vko gid tri cua don chko hkng bin lac
nhan nhung khdng th£ xdc dinh cu th£ la bao nhifeu X, Y, Z nfen H6ng KOng c6 th£
tby f giao hkng mi£n sao can bang v6i gid tri cua lac nhan. Chip nhan nhung theo lich
tku cua B nfen day lk chip nhan diSu kifen

Telex 4 khOng chip nhan b&ng hknh vi thuc 16 mk lk chip nhan bang vkiet nam
ban, khi thuc hifen hop d6ng thuc su nfen hop phdp ngay ck theo luat Vifet Nam.

5

Dai hoc Ngoai thirong


Bookbooming

Vay, da c6 hap d6ng, thdi han 18, 20 ngciy

hup ly ddi vdi telex khOng qui

han
B ftitap 2: Tjnh ftutfng

Ng^y 14 thing 8 nam 1998, cOng ty P cua Viftt Nam phit mdt chk> hang blng
di$n cho cOng ty PHF cua Phip vdi cic n6i dung sau: Tftn hang, chit lu^mg, gii ca,
thanh toin, thdi han giao hang thing 6, 7, 8 n5m 1998. Eton hing c6 hiftu luc din hit
ngiy 17 thing 5 nam 1998
D6n 16 gid 30 ngiy 16 thing 5 nam 1998, do biit ngiy hOm sau li ngiy Chu
nhat nftn P thdo sin m6t btfc dien bio tin cho PHF biit viftc chip nhan cua bfin mua
din cham mac dil chua nhan duoc didn chip nhan. l\iy nhiftn, do bQ phan phu trich
fax nghi viftc nfin biic di$n d6 lai duoc phit di ngky 18 thing 5 nam 1998.
Vho 23h48 ngiy 16/05/1998 PHF giri cho P btfc diftn vdi ndi dung. Chip nhan
dd nghj ngky 18/01/1998 cua bftn bin vk viftc giao hang v^o cic thing 6, 7, 8 nam
1998. D6ng thdi se quay trd lai v3h d i b6c r6t mOt cich cu thi sau.
Phfa Viftt nam cho ring, chip nhan vio dftm thur Bay vk cham vi ngky lim viftc
6 Viftt Nam muOn nhit li 17h30 nftn h

khdng giao hang. Nguoc lai phfa PHF cho ring diftn chip nhan din trade mat ng&y
nftn hop ddng da duoc thiftt lap va ho da md L/C nhung phfa Viftt Nam vao khdng
giao hing vi nhu vay da vi pham hop d6ng. Do vay PHF da d6i huy hqrp dtfng va d6i
P phii b6i thudng thiftt hai.
Yeu ciu: Giua P vi PHF dS c6 hop d6ng hay chua? Xit theo quan diim cua
Viftt Nam vi cflng udc Vicre.
Chfla:
V i chio hang: Theo luat Viet Nam phai c6 3 nhdm diftu khoan chfnh (EXfi
tuong, gii ca, thdi han giao hing) nhu viy da du. C6 thdi gian hing tire la c6 phuong
thiSrc vi dja di£m giao hing nen c6 hiftu luc phip luat vi nfli dung: Ngudi chio hang
khdng huy don chio hing duoc gM din ngudi duoc chio hang. Do vay, chao hang da
c6 hiftu luc. Theo ClT Vien thl cflng du hiftu luc.
Luat dan su cua Viftt Nam dua ra thdi han, thdi hiftu.
1 nam bUng 365 ngiy, 0,5 nam b&ng 6 thing; 1 thing b&ng 30 ngay; 05 thing
bing 15 ngiy; 1 ngiy bing 24 gid.

6

Dai hpc Ngoai thirong


Bookbooming

Luat Vifet Nam Iu6n dirge cOng thfem ngiy nfe'u ngay 16 va chu nhat li ngSy hfe't
han hifeu luc ba' )ai li quy dinh thfti han hifeu luc theo mOt ngiy cu thfe hay li mOt
khoing th5i gian.
B ii top 3: Tinh hutfne.
Ngiy 05/05/1996, nguyfen don vi bi dcm da

hop d6ng s6 01 - AT, theo d6 bi

don cho nguyfen don 10 xe tii qua sir dung nhan hifeu TOWER. Hop d6ng quy xe phai
li xe tai g6c chu khOng phai l i xe khich da M o b6 ghfe' ng6i, khfing c6 16 trftn sin xe.
Difeu 3 h(^p d<5ng quy dinh: vifec giim dinh xe do ngu&i bin tifen hinh a cing di.
Nfe'u' phim chit li k6m 6 cing d£n, ngu&i mua c6 quyfen khifeu lai ngudi bin.
Di6u 7 hop d6ng quy dinh: Nfiii giao hing cham hay md L/C chim chi nOp phat
m6i ngiy cham 0,1% tri gii hop d6ng nhung t6i da khOng qui 8%
Ngiy 2/7/1996, nguyfen don cham hing tai cang TP H<5 Chi Minh phlt hifen sf>
xe duoc giao li xe chd khich 5 d£n 7 ch6 ngtfi d i thio gh£
Ngiy 4/7/1996 nguyfen don m5i Vinacontrol d£n lim giim dinh, bifen ban giim
dinh kfe't luin 8 xe tr6 khich 7 ch6 ngOi, 2 xe ch6 khich 5 chfi dS thio bo gh£.
Ngiy 8/7/1996 nguyfen don fax cho bi don kfcm bifen ban giim djnh yfeu ciu bi
don nhan lai 10 xe vi tri lai ti£n cho nguyfen don.
Ngiy 15/7/1996 bi don fax cho nguyfen don nhd nguyfen don tii xu£t giup cho
10 xe tai n6u trfen.
Ngiy 18/7/1996, nguyfen don fax cho bi don d6i tri lai tiin hing r6i m6i giiip
bi don tii xuit
Ngiy 24/7/1996 bi don fax cho nguyfen don cam kfe't tri lai ti£n hing tnrdc ngiy
15/8/1996 vi se sang Vifet Nam dfe giii quyfe't 10 hing n6i trfen.
D£n ngiy 5/10/1996, do bi don khOng tra lai tifen hing vi khOng nhan lai hing
nfen nguyfen don da bi kifen ra trong tii, d6i bi don nhin lai 10 xe vi b6i thudng cho
nguyfen don s<5 ti£n li 1.590 USD trong d6 bao g6m:
•
•

Tifen hing da thanh toin cho bi don li 37.000 USD
Ti£n phat vi pham theo difeu 7 cua hop d6ng 8% li 2.960 USD
Phf mo L/C l i 280 USD

•

Phf giim dinh 10 xe tai cing d£n 300 USD

•

LSi xua't trfen s6 tidn 37.000 USD k£ tflr ngiy thanh toin cho d£n ngiy di

kifen li 650 USD
7

Dai hoc Ngoai th ro n g


Bookbooming

Yftu ciu: Cic yftu cSu nftu trftn cua don kiftn c6 duoc th6a man hay khdng? Tai
sai?
Chfia:
Xcm x6 cic y£u ttf cfiu thknh trich nhiftm. Do thiftt hai ning lftn ngudi mua yftu
ciu huy hop d6ng (dii c6 cam k£t nhung khdng hop phip nftn khdng c6 hiftu luc phip
luat)
Khoin 1: Ti6n hkng phii tri vi da huy hoph d6ng
Kho&n 2: Tidn phat 8% khdng d i di6u kiftn dp dung ch£ tki phat (do khOng quy
dinh hknh vi ip dung cb€ tki phat)
Khoin 3: Phf mb L/C md L/C thi dcm lai quydn loi cho bftn kia nftn khi huy c6
quy£n d5i lai quy£n tyi (nftu huy mOt phfln thi chi duoc ddi lai mQt phfin phf md L/C
tuong duong vdi phin huy)
Kho&n 4: PM giim dinh v<5d didu kiftn xuit trtnh diy du chtfng tiJr chung minh
d6 lk chi phf thuc t£.
Khoin 5: Phf d& hkng d drng d£n. Day lk khoin chi b6i thudng thiftt hai vat

chit thuc t£ thuftc didu kiftn ca sd giao hkng. Nftu c6 thiftt hai thuc 16 thi duoc b6i
thudng (hai trudng hop mua FOPB vk mua OF)
Khoin 6: Lai xu£t Ngin hkng, phai chung minh duoc lSi xuit d6 lk lai xuat
thuc tft. Tfnh lanh suit tiir ngky thanh toin dftn ngky khuri kiftn trade khi tda in hokc
trong tki tuyen in.

gM ^B ^LlQ nhhudng
MOt cdng ty van tai cua Viftt Nam k^ hop dtfng chuyftn chd cho mOt cdng ty
cua Nhkt Bin 5.000 MT +_5 % lam dung URE tir Nhat Ban vft Viftt Nam. Hkng ch
r6i khflng d6ng bao. Khi nhan hkng tai ding Viftt Nam, ngudi nhan hkng vk giim din
viftn phit hiftn thiy hkng da bi u6t vk nhi£m ri sit. Giim dinh \ i s6 lucmg thi£u 2
MT. Ngudi nhkn hkng ddi ngudi chuyftn chd bdi thudng cic khoin sau:
•

Stf hkng bi nhi£m ri sit lk 50 MT

•

S6 hkng biudtlk 200 MT

•

S6 hkng bi thifiii lk 25 MT (nim trong dung sai)

•

Chi phf dd hkng lk 300 USD
8

Dai hoc Ngoai thirong

Bookbooming

Chi phf giim dinh can do li 700 USD
Yfeu ciu: Hay cho bife't ngu&i chuyfen cho phai bdi thudng nhung tdn that nio?
Tai sao? Bifet:
- Bifen bin giim dinh ghi tdn th£t giy ra 14 do unde bi£n trin qua vfe't niit d
boong vi nip him tiu, vich him tiu bi ri.
- Bin tinh thdi han bdedoghi khdng cdn hing trong him tiu.
- Giim dinh mtfc nude d cang xdp vi cang d9 li gidng nhau
Chfla:
MOt: Vfe ri sit, phai cin cii vio B/L
- Nfeit B/L sach, khdng cd phfe chd xiu nio vd tinh trang hing h6a thi ngudi
chuyfen chd phai b6i thudng.
- Nfe'u B/L khdng sach, cd ri sit trudc xdp thi khdng phii do I6i ciia ngudi
chuyfen chd.
Hai: Hing udt, nfe'u ngu&i chuyfen chd khdng cin min hop ty trong vifec quan tri
tii khdng phit hifen ra vfe't niic trfen boong tiu vi sua chtta bit diu hinh trinh thi ngu&i
chuyfen chd phii chiu trich nhifem
Ba: Hing thife'u, theo lich bde d5 (time sheet) thi tiu da bde hfet hing, mdn nude
d cang di bing mdn nude d cang ddn. Nfeu thife'u 25 MT tuong duong 0,05% khdi
luong hing so vdi B/L nim trong pham vi mifen trich nhifem cua ngudi chuyfen chd khi
hing.'cd khdi lucmg xic dinh theo mdn nude. C6 thfe hing bi ngJCm nude nfen da nin
thfem, vi sd luong hing thidu cdn nhi£u hon nhung ngu&i chuyfen chd v5n duoc mifen
trich.
Bdn: Chi phf dd hing
- Ndu hing cd tdn thi't thi ngu&i chuyfen chd phai chiu mdt phin chi phf do
hing
- Nfe'u khdng tdn that thi ngu&i mua phai chiu tit

Nim: Chi phf giam dinh cin do. Chi chiu phin chi phf giy trong pham vi ldi
giy ra
Bai tip 5: Tinh hud'ng

Mdt Id hing tit Cuba sang Phip, Clean B/L. Khi tdi cing dfe'n, hing bi tdn that
ning thi do mdt vfe't nut cua mdt him tiu dii 10cm, rdng 1mm duoc vi bing mdt ta'm
tdn tnrdc khi bde hing. Giua hinh trinh mife'ng tdn bi bde mfep, nude ngim giy tdn
9

Dai hoc Ngoai thuang


Bookbooming

that nang cho hing. Ngudi nhan hkng dft nghi tda in chi dinh co quan giim dinh. Biftn
bin giim dinh kfit luin.
1. T6n that do khuin vie dua hing lftn tiu
2. Tdn that do chit xfip hing khdng tdt
3. T6n th£t do mua Me bde hing lftn tiu
4. T6n that do tiu qui cQ
5. Tdn thit do mua khi dd hkng
Yftu ciu: Hay cho biftt nhOng t6n thit nio ngudi chuyftn chd phii chiu trich
nhiftm b6i thudng
Chtta:
Clean B/L nftn moi rui ro 1 vi 2 thuyin trudng diu ph&i chiu
Tdn thit 3: C6 3 trudng hop xay ra
Tdn thit 4: Mutfn du^e miSn trich phii c6 giiy chiing nhin chung minh mitfng
rdn vi li dim bio. Ngupc lai, tda se quy trich nhiftm vl khdng cfin mSn din khiu cudi
ciing
T6n thit 5: 05 ba trudng hop xiy ra

Bii tip 6: Tinh hutfng
M6t c6ng ty Viftt Nam d D i NSng bin 2 container ghe, hop ddng khdng n6i ro
ghe cit cing hay di nguyftn. Viftt Nam khi ch£ biin khdng bifit xir 1# ra sao nftn hoi
viiftt nam hdng dai diftn cua bftn nude ngoii. Trudng viiftt nam phdng dai diftn sura vi
ghi lai nhu sau: "Ghc cit ding di cing". Bftn nu6c ngoii md L/C thanh toin cho Viftt
Nam ghi r5 "ghc nguyftn clng nguyftn cing". D i phii hop vdi L/C Vi$t Nam d i nghi
thuyin trudng ghi vio B/L nhu trftn vi gud sang nude ngoii. Bftn nu6c ngoii md ra
xem vi yftu ciu Viftt nam cho tiu liy 2 container vi vi tri lai tiin.
Yftu ciu: VCCL vdi tu cich tu vSh xem Viet Nam vi nude ngoii sni d diu de
dim phin.
ChQa:
Trudng vaieot nam phdng dai diftn k^ sura hop ddng nftn 16i cic bftn nhu sau:
Viftt Nam ldi do khdng tlm hiiu kp ddi tic
Nude ngoii ldi do khdng cd thSm quyin sura hop ddng.
Hop ddng bi sira nftn vd hi$u. Thiftt had cua bftn nio thi bftn d6 tu chiu

10

Dai hoc Ngoai thuang


Bookbooming

Luat diu tu nu6c ngoai tai Vifet Nam thi van ph6ng dai difen cua nu6c ngo&i 1km
nhu vay l i pham I6i. Vifet Nam van phai chiu trich nhifem trade bfen nude ngoki sau d6
se d6i van ph6ng dai difin. COng ty nuOc ngo&i phai chiu trich nhifem trade moi hoat
dOng cua van phdng dai difen.
B&i tap 7: Tinh huO'ng.
MOt cOng ty Vifet Nam sang Anh dim phdn hop dOng. Hai bfen thoa thuan moi
difeu kifen v i cdn vuOng mac difeu kifen thanh toin, Vifet nam dfe nghi L/C tra cham 180

GBP, Anh d6 nghi 1 L/C nt sight. Viet Nam khOng chiu bo vfe nuOc, 5 n giy sau Anh
difen cho Vifet nam d6ng Yfeu cau: Hop d6ng da c6 chua, luat chi phO'i khi dim phin hop dOng l i gl?
Chfla:
Khi Vifet Nam bo vfe nu6c thi dim phin chain dut
Khi Anh gui difen thi coi nhu moi chio hing m6i, dfe’ c6 quan hfe hop d6ng, Vifet
Nam phai di sang mOt van ban mdri d iy du c ic difeu khoan da thao Iuan.
Luat chi phO'i: l i luat nude dim phin.

B ii tap 8: Tinh huO'ng.
An chu doanh nghifep tu nhan kinh doanh cau lac bO thfe hinh o nga tu So - H i
NOi. Thing 1/1999 Thoa l i chu cira hing dung cu th£ thao Hing Chio bin cho An
mOt 10 h in g tri g ii 100 trifeu An thanh toin trade 50 trifeu, s6 cdn lai kha't no. Do thua
16 An giao b in trfen b io mua bin, Thoa cin tim dfe'n mua lai. An dang lifen tife'p 3 s0'
trfen b io "Hi NOi mdi" b io cio bin doanh nghifep yfeu ciu moi ngu&i c6 lifen quan dfe'n
thanh toin cOngno. 10/05/1999 uy ban nhan dan chip nhan An bin doanh nghifep cho
Hoa. Cung trong thdi gian d6 Hoa tham gia thfe' van hOi dua thuyfen tai Malaysia.
20/05/1999 khOng hay bife't chuyfen An bin doanh nghifep cho Hoa. Thoa yfeu ciu An
thanh toin. An chOi vi da bin toin bO doanh nghifep, kf? c i thifeft bi mua cua Thoa cho
ngudi khic. Thoa tim dfen Hoa, Hoa tflr chO'i vi khOng hfe hay bife't dfe'n quan hfe no nan
gifia Thoa v i An.
Yfeu ciu: XCr ty tinh huOng n iy nhu thfe nio?
Chua: Theo difeu 103, khoan 2 luat doanh nghifep.
Bai tap 9: Tinh huong.

11

Dai hoc Ngoai th iro ’ng

Bookbooming

Cflng ty TNHH Lan Chi nhan bin vk lap dat cic mat hkng nhdm kinh, tim trSn,
thach cao tAm trirr soi cho c6ng ty TNHH Lien Phucmg 6 khich san 125 Tnk Bach
Hk Ndi vdi t6ng sd tiftn l i 116.600 FRF. Theo dieu 1 bin hop ddng giOa hai bftn, Lan
Chi phii chiu phat 3% gi£ tri hop ddng cho mdi tuin hokn thknh cham tifin dd cdng
trinh. Sau khi k^ hop d6ng, liftn phuong tam dng trudc 10% sd tiftn. Do nhidu ty do
Lan Chi hokn thknh cham cdng trinh 3 tuin so vdi thdi han cho phftp.
Sau khi hai bftn

biftn ban nghiftm thu cdng trinh, Liftn Phuong thanh toin ndt

10% gid tri cdng trinh. Mdt tuin sau, Liftn Phuong thdng bio cho Lan Chi bifit se
khdng thanh toin phin cdn lai vdi \gid tri hop ddng vuot qui 50% sd tifin hop d6ng Lan Chi c6n duoc hudng. Lan Chi
khcri kiftn tda quyfit dinh hop ddng vd hiftu.
Yftu ciu: Hay phan ti'ch cO sd phip ty
Chtta:
,Vi pham difiu khoan phat vi pham hop d6ng quy dinh tai didu 13 Nghi dinh 17
B^i tip 10: Tinh hudng

Cdng ty Philatop Tin Sip Hk Ndi mua ca nhk miy DuOng VInh Tru, Hk Nam 20
tin dudng, hen giao hkng 1/7/1999 tai kho chlnh cua Tan ip. Ddng ngky, xe cua VInh
Tru chd dudng dftn kho Tan a'p nhung do khdng kip chuin bi kho nhan hkng do nude
sdng HOng lftn qui cao Tan ip tir chdi nhin hkng, hen nhan mudn 4 ngky sau mac dii
bifit thdi tifit cd the diftn bifin xiu vk VInh Tru vk khdng c6 dia dilm tap kfit hkng
trong pham vi gin. Xe cua VInh Tru tim duoc chd diu luu ngoki trdi t ai Ciu Re Hk
Tky, hai ngky sau d6 trdi d6 mua nhu trut.
Yftu ciu: Day cd phii lk bit khi khing khdng? Giii quyfit vu viftc nky nhu thfi
nko ?

Bai t^p 11: Tinh hudng.

Thuong nhan Viftt Nam chko bin 10.000 MT lac nhin FOB Hai Phdng didu
kiftn giao hkng 1/11/199
Vay chko hkng nky c6 hiftu luc khdng?
Chua: Khdng vi chi dua ra didu khoin c6 tfnh chit chung vk khdng dua ra tit ca
cic didu khoin chi yfiu nhu quy dinh cua mdt don chko hkng.
Bki tip 12: Tinh hudng.

12

Dai hoc Ngoai thuang


Bookbooming

Viftt nam (M o bin lac nhan 600 MT FOB HP, thdri han giao hing 1/1/1999.
Don chko hkng nky guri cho A thi A im ling, giri cho B thi B chip nhan mua 300 MT,
sau d6 A chip nhan mua 100 MT. V iy, A, B chip nhan dua thftm didu kho&n vd s<5
luong thi c6 coi Ik hop d6ng da duoc

k€t khdng.

Chfla: Trong tki viftn xem xftt M y thuong nhkn thudng xuyftn

kftt c ic hop

d6ng trong khtfi luong ti3r200 MT dft'n 1.000 MT nftn viec chip nhan mua 300 MT cua
B Ik hop ddng da duoc

kftt. Nftu chip nhan d s6 luong 100 MT vk trftn 1.000 MT

thi hop d6ng chua duoc coi Ik da
Chti

k£t.

Nftu thift'u didu khoan s6 luong thi don chko hkng duoc coi lk don chko

hkng tu do.

Bfti tip 13: Tinh hutfne.
D6i lac (6 Dk N ing) liy xi mkng Hkn Qudc P1500. Viftt Nam se bde hkng
tuong ling g ii tri hop ddng xi mang. Nft'u bftn Viftt Nam giao hkng thift'u se bi phat
30% tri g ii hop d6ng. Luc d6 Luat Viftt Nam quy dinh mtic phat cao iM t lk 12%.
Viftt Nam xuit FOB, Hkn Qudc CFR. Khi Hkn Qudc mang xi mang sang, Vinacontrol
giim dinh vk kft't luin ngay lk xi m ing P400. Viftt Nam yftu ciu dai diftn cua Hkn
Qudc ra nhung hho im lkng sau d6 cho ph6p Viftt Nam mang 10 bao vko Nam giim lai do Vinacontrol
thuc hiftn vdi su c6 mat cua dai diftn. Viftt Nam dinh g ii chi cdn 66% g ii tri, do vky
chi bde 66% g ii tri lac, Hkn Qudc thilra nhkn mlnh c6 I6i. Viftt Nam doa viftt bio, vi
v iy se 1km m it uy tin cho Hkn Qudc. Vi v iy Hkn Qudc d6ng ^ b6i thu&ng 25%.
Y ftu ciu: G iii quytft vu viftc nky nhu th£ nko?

Bki tkp 14: Tinh huflng.
Nam 1990, Viftt Nam k^ hop ddng mua bdng sd luong 65MT bdng cip 1 vk 2
3240 MT bdng cip 2 giao hkng vko thing 9 ,1 0 nim 1990. Thdi han khift'u nai d<5i vdi
khuydt tit khdng ro rftt lk 90 ngky, khuyftt ti ro rftt lk 30 bgky k£ tiJ ngky giao hkng.
Ngky 23/11/1990 hkng v£ dft’n Ski Gdn thiy bdng nhidu tap chit, chit luong
kftm.

Ngky 24/02/1991 Viftt Nam diftn cho Sudan lk bdng nhidu tap chit, cin lu nhihig chuyft'n sau.
Ngky 1/3/1991, Viftt Nam giri diftn b io bdng nhidu parafxn khdng tdt cho sin
xuit, se giim dinh sau.
13

Dai hoc Ngoai th ifa n g


Bookbooming

Ngiy 12/3/1991, Vi6t Nam gtiri giam dinh
Ngiy 8/5/1991, gin diftn Mo cho Sudan vft thiftt hai, Sudan khdng tra ldi.
Sau ngiy 8/5, Sudan mdi tra ldi ring, Thu ngiy 24/2,1/3 chi kftu ca, phin nin,
thu 12/3 khdng phii li Claint vi khdng c6 yftu sfich cu thd.
Ngky 8/5 thdi han khi£u nai h£t.
Yftu ciu: Vu niy nftn giii quyftt nhu th£ nio.
Chfia:
B6ng c6 lan parafin bi kftt lai, v6n cuc 11 khuyftt tau ro rftt (dai bd phan khuyftt
tai cua B6ng li ro rftt). Quy dinh 30 ngky li qui ngin, dil c6 di kiftn thi Viftt Nam vin
thua.
B ii tflp IS: Tinh hutfne

Mua bin quin io being vai da gitta Viet Nam vi Italia, luat ip dung li luat
Italia. N6u cd tranh chip thi ip dung luat nio?
Tri ldi: Ap dung Ctf Vien vi Italia da tham gia phft chuin CU Viftn.
Chu

ip dung CU" Viftn. N£u luat ip dung trong hop d6ng li luat nude tham

gia CU Hague 1955 vd luat ip dung cho mua bin qudc t£ li CU- ip dung cho cic
nude Chau Au.
B&i 16: Tinh hudng
Hop d6ng xuit khiu quft' ngiy 2/5/1995 bin cho Hin Qudc 40 MT qu£ vun dii
2,8 cm, diy 0,28 cm. Hang bin theo miu QC (Quality Certificate) lap d bftn di, cd dai
dien cua ngudi mua ki£m tra viftc d6ng gdi vi viftc ki&n tra phin chit. Ngiy 23/8 bao
gdi xong ddng container giao hing. D£n Hin Qudc thiy bi£n mdi, Hin Qudc mdi ca
quan giim dinh dftn kidm tra (Vien nghien ctiu duoc lieu Qudc gia) c6 k6t luin: 80 90% hing giao khdng dilng miu.
Ben Hin Qudc khi£u nai khdng duc?c kien ra tda in. Viet Nam thua phai b6i
thudng 85.000 USD. Viet nam kien ra tda phuc thim. Tda bic ke't qua trudc, bao vft
Viet Nam sir Hin Qudc thua vi cd dai dien cua ngudi mua ki&n tra tai b£n dftn. N£'u
Hiri Qudc mudn kiftn phii chiJng minh duoc ngudi bin man tri khi liy giiy chung
nhan pham chit, ngudi bin hing giao khdng dung phim chit. Biftn bin giim dinh lap
6 b^n dSn do ngudi mua lip.
14

Dai hoc Ngoai t h u ’O’n g


Bookbooming

Luu

Co quan c£p bifen ban nay li ai? C6 phai lk co quan mk hai bfen da thoa

thuSn trong hop ddng khdng?
Thdi han tifen hknh giim dinh
TMi chit cua bifen ban giim djnh: C6 tfnh chat quyfe't dinh khOng
Vi viy, kfe't lukn cua bifen bin gidm dinh c6 tinh cha't tham khao vl kfet Iuin
dung 6 g6c d6 khic chung ta.

Bki tap 17: Tinh hudng.
Bk X mudn mua mOt chife'c xe hoi nhan hifeu Toyota. Bk da ky vko don chko
h'kng trong d6 c6 nhflng chi tifet sau:
- S6 luong mOt chifec xe hoi Toyota (4 ch5)
- Gia ca: 350 trifeu VND. G ii diy lk gii ghi trfen don chko hkng c6n gii ghi trfen

hda don thanh toin xe duoc sic dinh vao theft di&n giao hkng.
- Thdi han giao hkng: 2 thing k£ tfir ngky lty don chko hkng
Ngay sau khi k^ don chko hkng, bk X da dua trade mdt khhoin tidn lk 50 trifeu
d6ng vdi Chifec xe hoi duoc hang bin hkng giao sau 4 thing k£ tit ngky k^ don chko hkng
vdi gii cao hon gii ghi trong hda don dd. Bk X tfir chdi nhan hkng vdi ty do hkng giao
cham 2 thing so vdi thdi han ghi trong don chko hkng vk gii mua bk phai tra thuc tfe
cao hon gii quy dinh trong don chko hkng bk X mudn tflr chdi nhan xe vk ddi hang
bin hkng tra lai 50 trifeu USD.
Yfeu ciu: Vdi tir cich lk c6 va'n phip ty, anh chi hay giup bk X tri ldi ciu hoi
sau: Bk X cd gii duoc nhan xe vk d6i lai 50 trifeu VND khdng vk bk cin d6i gl &&bao
vfe quyfen lcri cua mlnh
Giai quyfet tinh hudng trfen theo cic hudng sau:
- Luat di£u chinh lk Bd luat dan su (cd th£ dua vko difeu 313,424,425,429)
- Gia sir bk X lk c i nhan c6 dang k^ kinh doanh, luat difeu chinh lk phip lfenh
hop ddng kinh tfe' (dua vko difeu 2, 33 - PLHDKT vk dieu 13 Nghi dinh 17).
- Luat difeu chinh lk luat Thuong mai 1997 (dua vko cic difeu tCr 226 dfeh 235)
- Gia sir hang bin lk mdt cdng ty Nhat Ban vk luat difeu chinh lk CU Vifin 1980
(difeu 25,19,76,68)
Vdi m6i tradng hop, Anh (chi) hay nfeu ra giai phip cu thfe

15

Dai hoc Ngoai thirong

Bookbooming

Anh (chi) c6 nhan xdt gl vd kftt lufln gl \6 v3n d£ phdp luat dp dung cho hop
d6ng.
Bfti tap |8 : Tlnb-hutfpg

MQt cdng ty XNK cua Viet Nam ty hop d6ng bdn cho cdng ty Nhat Bin 5.000
MT gao 15% gao loai 5% U&n v6i gid 240 USD/MT CEF Kobe Incotcrms 1990. Hd6ng quy dinh nftu bftn nio cham thuc hiftn nghla vu trong h4% trj gid phdn vi pham. Ngudi mua da tra trudc 100% tri gia h^p ddng tuong ducmg
5.000 MT. Khi nhan hing tai cing Kobe, ngudi nhip khlu chi nhan duoc 4.250 MT
trong d6 c6 4.000 MT d tinh trang ttft vi 250 MT bj t6n thaft do bao bl bi rich v5.
Ngudi nhip khlu ddi ngudi xuSt khiu bdi thudng cdc khoin sau:
Tri lai s6 tidn hing tuong ting phSn hing bi giao thiftii (750 MT bing 180.000
USD)
Phat giao hing thiftii 72.000 USD
Chi phf d9 hing cr cing dftn li 500 USD
B6i thudng thiftt hai 250 MT li'60.000 USD
Yftu ciu: Cic khoin trftn c6 duoc th6a m5n hay khdng? Tai sao? Biftt ring trftn
B/L ghi s6 luong li 4.750 MT.
Bfti tip 19: Tinh hudffig

Nga bin cho Ai Cap Sunlai Amdn gid O F Ai Cap, hing giao c6 chuydn tai 6
Intanbul. Bio hidm di£u kiftn B. Ngudi chuy£n tii 6 Istanbul thafy hing & trang thdi
sffu, bep, v9. Nga lim nhu cam kftt miSn tranchs nhiftm cho ngudi chuydn tii.
Dftn Ai Cap, gidm dinh kftt luin hing h6a, bao bl rich v5 bung ra. Kftt luin mat
25 MT so vdi B/L l i do bao b6 bi sit an mong trong qud trinh chuydn tii bi bu v5.
Ai Cip khiftii nai, Nga khdng tri ldi. Ai Cap kiftn Nga ra trong tai, Nga n6i bdn

CEF nftn khi hing qua lan can tiu li ngudi mua hftt trich nhiftm vl d i c<5 B/L sach
Ai Cap kiftn ra cdng ty Bio hi£m cdng ty bio hidm tri ldi khdng chiu trich
nhiftm bao hi£m bao bl, hing h6a khdng bj m& do b| ddnh cip lftn khdng chiu trich
nhiftm b6i thudng vl vay ngudi chuyen chd thti nhdt (tfir Nga dftn Istanbul) phii chiu
trich nhiftm.