2 column rock notes

Minerals & Rock Unit
Notes
th
7 Grade Science


Rocks

•Are divided into 3
groups based on
how they were
formed
•Sedimentary
•Metamorphic
•Igneous
•Are made of one or
more minerals


• Do not stay the same
• Continually changed
by processes such as
Weathering, Erosion
Compaction,
Cementation, Melting,
and Cooling.


• Rocks can change
to and from the 3
types

The Rock
Cycle

EARTH MATERIALS
CHANGE BACK AND
FORTH AMONG THE
DIFFERENT TYPES OF
ROCKS.


We
Co athe
mp rin
act g,
ion Ero
, C sio
em n, D
en
tat epos
ion itio
n

Igneous
(Granite
#11)
Melting, Solidification
Recrystallization

Melting,
Solidification

Recrystallizat
ion

Metamor
Weathering, Erosion,
(Sandstone #6)
Deposition, Compaction,phic

Sedimentary

Cementation

(Gneiss #14)


Processes
that form
Sedimenta
ry Rock

• Weathering: the breaking
down of the Earth’s material
by natural processes
(Water, Wind, Ice,
Chemicals, etc.) into smaller
pieces or sediments
• Erosion: weathered rock and
soil particles are moved
from place to place
• Deposition: weathered

sediments are laid down in a
new location creating new
landforms or rocks
• Compaction: heavy
sediments press down on


Processes
that form • Melting: caused by heat
and pressure around the
Igneous &
rock to form magma
Metamorphi • Solidification: magma
c Rock
cools and hardens

• Recrystallization: while
cooling, rock can develop
crystals, depending on
conditions



Complete the
following:

•Turn in your Rock Cycle
Directed Reading &
Earthquake/Volcano Test
Corrections

•Get the 2 Directed Readings
from the table
•Have something to write with


Complete the
following:

•Turn in your Rock Cycle
Directed Reading, Comic
Strip & Earthquake/Volcano
Test Corrections
•Get the Igneous Rock
Directed Reading from the
table
•


Igneo
us

• Igneous is Latin for
“born of fire”
• Formed from
cooling magma or
lava


• Forms when
magma cools

and solidifies
• Some reaches
the surface of
earth before
cooling, other


Intrusive
(Example:
Granite)

• Form below ground
from magma
• Usually has coarse
crystals (grains) from
cooling slowly
• Some have large and
small crystals

Extrusive
(Examples:
Pumice &
Obsidian)

• Form above ground
from lava


Into the
Bedrock

intrusive
(crystals)

On top (Exit)

extrusive
(no crystals)


Bedrock

Magma!



Complete the
following:

•Get out your Minerals &
Rocks Notes
•Get the Paper from the table
•Have a Textbook
•Have something to write with



But then the
EARTH’S
elements

Will not leave
the ROCK alone!


•Ice
•Wind
•Water

ice
wind

water


HEY BREAK UP THE STONE


DEPOSIT & COMPRESS THE
SEDIMENTS

One way Sedimentary Rock
can be formed
That ROCK
changed again!


• Formed from
edimentary Rock

sediments (rock
fragments,
mineral grains,
animal and plant
remains) that are
pressed or
cemented
together or when
sediments
precipitates out of
a solution.


• Water or wind
breaks down
(Weathering),
moves (Erosion),
and deposits
sediment
(Deposition)
• The heavy
sediments press
down on the layers
beneath
(Compaction)


Sedimentar
y Rocks &
Fossils

•

• Deposited
sedimentary rocks
form horizontal
layers called
STRATA.
• Process of
arranging
sedimentary rocks
into layers is
STRATIFICATION
• Scientist know that