Computer fundamentals

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Computer fundamentals
Data Representation in Computers

Copyright © 2006, HaiVD
C
2
Objectives

Introduction (Bit, Byte, KB, MB, GB)

The Decimal Number System

The Binary Number System

Number Conversion between Number Systems

Data Storage

Binary Arithmetic

Unit of Information

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Data Representation

Data is stored in a computer in binary format as a
series of 1s and 0s.


Computers use standardized coding systems (such
as ASCII) to determine what character or number is
represented by what series of binary digits.

Data is stored in a series of 8-bit combinations called
a byte.

Every letter, number, punctuation mark, or symbol
has its own unique combination of ones and zeros.

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Data Representation
On
Off

A bit or binary digit has one
of two values, zero or one

A byte is the smallest
addressable unit of memory
(8 bits)

ASCII provides for 256
(or 2
8
) characters

01000001 – A


01000010 – B

etc.

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Memory Bits and Bytes
8 Bits = 1 Byte