TÀI LIỆU TIẾNG ANH DÀNH CHO các bạn ôn THI TN THPT

LỜI GIỚI THIỆU

Với bố cục chi tiết nhưng ngắn gọn và cô đọng, cuốn tài liệu “Hướng dẫn
làm bài luận và 30 bài luận mẫu” sẽ hỗ trợ đắc lực cho các em học sinh trong
việc ôn thi THPT quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh.
Bộ tài liệu gồm 3 phần:
Phần I – Phương pháp làm câu hỏi tự luận trong đề thi Tiếng Anh (Hướng dẫn
chi tiết cho các em cách xây dựng và trình bày một đoạn văn (một bài luận) bằng
tiếng Anh theo cấu trúc và văn phạm đoạn văn trong Tiếng Việt)
Phần I – Các bước tiến hành viết đoạn văn trong đề thi Tiếng Anh (Hướng dẫn
6 bước cần thực hiện để viết một bài luận theo chủ đề cho sẵn)
Phần II – Tuyển chọn 30 bài luận mẫu (có độ dài từ 80 đến 150 từ) theo chuẩn
định hướng đề thi THPT Quốc gia 2015 của BGD và có cấu trúc chuẩn văn phạm
đoạn văn trong Tiếng Việt.
30 bài luận mẫu viết về các chủ đề sau:
1. Viết về một người bạn yêu mến,
ngưỡng mộ
2. Kể về chuyến du lịch tại Nha Trang

17. Viết về ích lợi của việc đọc sách
18. Facebook ảnh hưởng tốt, xấu như
thế nào đối với cuộc sống của người
dùng ?

3. Viết về môn học yêu thích của bạn tại
trường
19. Khoa học và tác dụng của nó
4. Mô tả vẻ đẹp của Đà Lạt
5. Kể về bạn và gia đình bạn

20. Mô tả nhà bạn đang sống. Tại sao

bạn thích nó?
21. Mô tả một ngôi làng bạn biết rõ

6. Cuộc sống ở thành phố
22. Mô tả người bạn tốt nhất của bạn và
7. Tại sao chúng ta nghĩ rằng tình bạn là nói lý do tại sao bạn thích anh ấy hoặc


quan trọng?

cô ấy?

8. Viết một đoạn văn về bạn thân của
bạn

23. Mô tả một cây cầu bạn biết rõ

9. Lý do cho việc học tiếng Anh là gì?
10. Bạn thích sống ở thành phố hay
nông thôn? Tại sao?

24. Kể về một trong những hoạt động
mà bạn muốn làm trong thời gian rảnh
rỗi
25. Một sự việc tôi sẽ không bao giờ
quên

11. Tại sao học sinh nên học tập ở nước
ngoài?

26. Nói về cách cư xử tốt

12. Ưu điểm của truyền hình

27. Giá trị của thư viện

13. Viết về những sở thích của bạn

28. Ngày quan trọng nhất trong cuộc
sống của tôi

14. Viết về một lễ hội ở nước bạn
29. Tầm quan trọng của Tiếng Anh
15. Những thuận lợi và bất lợi của
Internet

30. Bạn muốn làm công việc gì sau khi
hoàn thành việc học?

16. Viết về thể loại sách mà bạn thích
nhất

PHẦN I – PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM CÂU HỎI TỰ LUẬN TRONG ĐỀ THI
TIẾNG ANH
1. Các chủ đề thường găp trong yêu cầu viết đoạn văn?
Những chủ đề xuất hiện trong phần tự luận là những chủ đề gần gũi với các
em. Những chủ đề này sẽ tương tự như chủ đề trong những bài đọc hiểu trong
SGK, đặc biệt là SGK Tiếng Anh lớp 12. Cụ thể như:
- Con người: sở thích của bản thân, người yêu thương nhất trong gia đình,
người bạn mà bạn yêu quý nhất, thần tượng…

- Giáo dục: môn học yêu thích, người thầy mà bạn ngưỡng mộ…
- Thể thao: môn thể thao yêu thích…
- Du lịch: địa điểm du lịch mà bạn yêu thích…
- Công việc: ước mơ của bạn, người bạn muốn trở thành trong tương lai….


2. Cấu trúc & cách triển khai một đoạn văn viết bằng tiếng Anh trong đề
thi THPT quốc gia:
Để viết được một đoạn văn (paragraph), trước tiên các em cần hiểu rõ bố
cục và cách sắp xếp chi tiết trong một đoạn văn chứ không thể "nghĩ sao viết
vậy" như một số học sinh thường làm.
Thông thường một đoạn văn viết bằng tiếng Anh có độ dài dao động
trong khoảng 80 đến 150 từ (words).
Một đoạn văn chuẩn bao gồm Câu chủ đề, Các câu giải thích cho câu
chủ đề (phần thân bài) và Câu kết luận.
Linking words: các từ nối
Mục đích

Từ, cụm từ chuyển ý/liên kết ý

Thêm ý

first, second, third, also, then, next, in addition,
moreover, furthermore, beside, additionally.

So sánh ý này giống với ý
khác

both…and, not only…but also, also, too, in the same
way, similarly, likewise, in like manner, either…or

however, on the other hand, nevertheless, yet, on the
one hand, in contrast, to the contrary, unlike, on the
contrary.
for example, for instance, as an illustration, to
illustrate, in particular, in general.
in fact, in deed, above all, especially, surely, most
importantly
no doubt, granted, certainly, of course, surely,
naturally, although this may be true.

Đối lập ý này với ý khác
Đưa ví dụ
Nhấn mạnh ý
Thừa nhận một ý nào đó
Làm rõ ý
Đưa ra hậu quả, kết quả

Diễn đạt thời gian

Diễn đạt mối quan hệ
không gian

perhaps, probably, for the most part
therefore, as a result, for this reason, because of
this, thus, indeed, consequently, accordingly, hence,
as a consequence.
to begin with, before, finally, then, now, later, in the
past, until now, meanwhile, afterwards, at the same
time, subsequently, previously, at last, at present,
briefly, currently, eventually, gradually, immediately,

in the future, suddenly, earlier, formerly, shortly, at
that time, in the meantime.
here, above, below, further, there, inside, outside,
nearby, next to, on the far side, to the east (north,
south, or west), behind, in the background, opposite
to, to the right, to the left.


Tóm gọn ý

to sum up, in conclusion, finally, in brief, overall,
all in all, in other words, lastly, on the whole, in sum,
to conclude, consequently, eventually.

Một Số Cách vô đề bài
A/ cách vô đề bài chung về thuận lợi, bất lợi, nêu ý kiến quan điểm, nêu lý do, đồng
ý, không đồng ý
(benefit/ advantage/ good/ important/ agree/ idea/ opinion/ reason/ why )
 phải xác định kỹ ý đề yêu cầu làm gì . đề cho ý khẳng hay phủ mình ủng hộ cái
nào
Ex1: describe the disadvantages or advantages of a big family. Write your answers
on the provided answer sheet.
Many people believe that living in a big family has a lot of advantages whereas
the others disagree with this. In my opinion, I support the first idea because of the
following reasons. First of all, …….
The second reason is that …… . Last but not least is…… To sum up, …….
Ex2: Within about 120 to 150 words, state some advantages of the internet
Many people believe that The internet has a lot of advantages whereas the others
disagree with this. In my opinion, I support the first idea because of the following
reasons. First of all, …….

The second reason is that …… . Last but not least is…… To sum up, …….
viết về ý kiến, quan điểm, đồng ý, không đồng ý ( idea, opinion, agree, disagree,
which do you prefer, )
ex3: Nowadays, teenagers have jobs while they are still students. Do you think
this is a good idea? Support your opinion by using specific reasons and details.
Many people believe that it is good for teenagers to have jobs while they are
still students while/whereas the others disagree. In my opinion, I support the first
ideas because of the following reasons.
Ex4- Married women shouldn’t go to work. Do you agree or disagree. State
your ideas
Many people believe that Married women shouldn’t go to work
while/whereas the others disagree. In my opinion, I support the second ideas
because of the following reasons. First,…………. . Second, ………. .
Ex5 / Why is it necessary to learn English?
Many people believe that it is necessary to learn English for some reasons.
First,…………. . Second, ………. .


B/ Một số mẫu thường dùng (nếu không muốn dùng mẫu trên)
B.1 - Đề bài cho liên quan đến thuận lợi của các phương tiện giải trí, phương
tiện lấy thông tin kiến thức : Book/TV/computer/Music/internet…..
1/ Within about 120 to 150 words, state some advantages of the internet
2 / Within about 120 to 150 words, state some advantages music can bring to our life.
Write your answers on the provided answer sheet.
3/ Write a paragraph to discuss the advantages of television.
Mở đầu bài
a/ As you know nobody can deny the benefits of the internet in our modern life. In
deed, the internet brings us the following benefits.
b/ Television is one of the most popular sources of communication. In fact, it
brings us the following benefits.

c/ TV is /books are a wonderful source of knowledge and pleasure so watching
Tv /reading books / Surfing the internet brings us many advantages. First of all,
watching TV help us know news about our country and other countries in the
world. For example, we can get information about traffic, weather, economic. The
second advantage of watching TV is we can relax . In fact, after studying hard, we
can watch our favourite programes such as MTV, comic, music….Finally, TV is
available, cheap and convenient device . We can buy it easily and put it anywhere
in our house . To sum up, TV brings us many benefits that other device can’t do.
4/ Why are good books considered good teachers and friends?
Books in the home are a wonderful source of knowledge and pleasure . Good
books are considered good teachers and friends for some reasons.
B.2 / Disadvantage of the internet – bất lợi của internet
Nobody can deny that the internet brings us a lot of advantages. However, it also gives
us lots of disadvantages
C – Đề bài cho về các phương pháp,biện pháp, cách thức thực hiện một vấn đề
gì đó (ways/ measures/ methods/ solutions )
1/ Write a paragraph about measures for protecting endangered animals. Write
your answers on the provided answer sheet.
(- Write a paragraph (120-150 words) suggest possible solutions that should be
taken to protect wildlife from extinction.
- Within about 120 to 150, suggest ways to protect wild animals and your
responsibilities of the rare animals’ extinction. Write your answers on the provided
answer sheet. )


2/ Write a paragraph (120-150 words) suggest possible solutions that should be
taken to reduce the pollution
3/ Within about 120 to 150, suggest ways to study English effectively
4/ What should we do to keep fit and stay healthy?
 1/ There are a number of measures that should be taken to protect endangered

animals. Firstly,
2/ There are a number of solutions to reduce the pollution. For me, there are 3
things that should be done to deal with this problem.
3/ There are a number of ways to study English . Each person has their own ways
to do this. For me, there are 3 things I am doing to study English effectively.
4/ There are a number of ways to keep fit and stay healthy. Each person has their
own ways to do this. For me, there are 3 things I am doing to stay healthy and
prepared for those life challenges.
D – Describe something you like (best ) Within about 120 to 150, describe a film/
book/ friend/ holiday/ subject that you like best.
Among the books I have read, I like reading Doremon best . It was written by
Fujiko Fujio .
Among the subjects I have studied at school, I like studying English best
because of the following reasons.
a/ Câu chủ đề ( topic sentence)
Thông thường, mỗi đoạn văn đều có một ý chính. Ý chính này được diễn
đạt trong một câu văn gọi là câu chủ đề.
Câu chủ đề phải là một câu văn hoàn chỉnh nghĩa là nó phải chứa đựng
một chủ ngữ và một động từ và diễn đạt một ý hoàn chỉnh.
Câu chủ đề luôn có 2 phần: 1/ Topic (chủ đề): Thông báo cho người đọc
biết tác giả viết về ai hay cái gì) ; 2/ Controlling idea (ý tưởng chủ đạo ý chính)
b/ Các câu giải thích cho câu chủ đề (supporting sentences )
Đưa ra các ý chính để giải thích chứng minh cho câu chủ đề. Những câu
này sẽ giải thích câu chủ đề của bạn bằng sự kiện, chi tiết hoặc ví dụ.
Tùy theo đề bài người viết có thể sắp xếp supporing sentences theo 1
trong các trật tự dưới đây:


1 - Từ các chi tiết quan trọng nhất đến ít quan trọng nhất.
2 - Từ các chi tiết ít quan trọng nhất đến chi tiết quan trọng nhất (ngược với

cách 1).
3 - Theo trật tự thời gian (cái gì xảy ra trước kể trước cái gì xảy
ra sau kể sau).
4 - Theo trình tự của công việc phải làm.
5 - Theo trình tự không gian. Thường trật tự này chỉ được áp dụng
trong một đoạn văn tả quang cảnh nơi chốn.
c/ Câu kết luận (Concluding sentence)
Là câu cuối đoạn văn. Câu kết không nhất thiết luôn phải có trong đoạn
văn, nghĩa là nếu bạn tự tin mình viết tốt thì kết bài với câu kết, còn không thì
không sử dụng câu này. Câu kết thường viết theo kiểu:
- Nhắc lại ý chính đã nêu ở câu chủ đề bằng 1 cách viết khác (nghĩa là
viết lại câu chủ đề theo một dạng khác mà thôi), hoặc đưa ra kết luận dựa trên
các lập luận đã đưa ra trước đó.
- Các liên từ dùng để kết thúc 1 đoạn văn: in conclusion; in short;…
PHẦN II - CÁC BƯỚC LÀM BÀI VIẾT ĐOẠN VĂN TRONG ĐỀ THI
TIẾNG ANH
Để viết một đoạn văn, đầu tiên ta cần phải tìm câu chủ đề. Khi đã có câu chủ
đề, ta phải tìm ý để có thể triển khai ý chính. Việc tìm ý không quá phức tạp. Thí
sinh chỉ cần tự đặt ra những câu hỏi liên quan đến câu chủ đề sau đó tự trả lời
chúng. Những câu hỏi này thường bắt đầu bằng các từ nghi vấn (question words)
như What, When, Where, Why, How.
Những câu trả lời cho các câu hỏi trên sẽ được sử dụng như supporting
sentences (các câu văn chứng minh, diễn giải ý chính trong câu chủ đề).
Khi đã có các supporting sentences, người viết chỉ cần ráp nối chúng lại thì
sẽ có một đoạn văn hoàn chỉnh. Tuy nhiên, mấu chốt ở công đoạn này là các em
phải biết sắp xếp các câu văn theo một trật tự nhất định chứ không phải "có gì viết
nấy".
Cuối cùng, bạn có thể kết thúc đoạn văn bằng một câu kết (concluding
sentence). Thông thường câu kết được thực hiện bằng cách viết lại câu chủ đề theo
một dạng khác mà thôi.

Tuy nhiên, câu kết không nhất thiết luôn phải có trong đoạn văn, nghĩa là
nếu bạn tự tin mình viết tốt thì kết bài với câu kết, còn không thì không sử dung câu
này.
Hãy thực hiện viết bài luận theo 6 bước sau:


1- Viết câu chủ đề (Lưu ý: Cần triệt để lợi dụng đề bài để viết thành câu chủ đề).
2- Kiểm tra lại câu chủ đề để biết chắc trong câu chủ đề của bạn có topic và
controlling idea.
3- Tìm ý để chứng minh/ diễn giải ý chính bằng cách đặt các câu hỏi mở đầu bằng
từ nghi vấn.
(Lưu ý: Do độ dài của đoạn văn bị khống chế nên bạn chỉ cần đặt khaongr 5 câu hỏi
là được. Nhớ rằng các câu hỏi phải liên quan đến câu chủ đề).
4 – Ráp các câu trả lời cho các câu hỏi của bạn (supporting sentences) lại thành một
đoạn văn hoàn chỉnh. Cần nhớ mấu chốt ở bước này là bạn phải biết chắc mình
đang sử dụng trật tự nào để ráp nối supporting sentences.
5- Cân nhắc có nên viết câu kết hay không. Nếu không chắc chắn thì bỏ qua bước
này.
6 – Kiểm tra lại các lỗi chính tả, lỗi ngữ pháp có thể có trong từng câu viết của bạn.
PHẦN III – TUYỂN CHỌN 30 ĐOẠN VĂN MẪU :
TOPIC 1: Write about a person you love or admire
My mother is a person I admire most. She devoted a lot of time and
energy to the upbringing of my two brothers and I. Despite working hard, she
always made time to teach us many useful things which are necessary and
important in our later lives. Moreover, she is a good role model for me to
follow. She always tries to get on well with people who live next door and help
everyone when they are in difficulties, so most of them respect and love her. I
admire and look up to my mother because she not only brings me up well but
also stands by me and gives some help if necessary. For example, when I
encounter some difficulties, she will give me some precious advice to help me

solve those problems. She has a major influence on me and I hope that I will
inherit some of her traits.
Bài dịch: Viết về một người bạn yêu mến, ngưỡng mộ
Mẹ tôi là người mà tôi ngưỡng mộ nhất. Mẹ đã cống hiến nhiều thời gian


và sức lực vào việc dạy dỗ tôi và hai anh trai tôi. Mặc dù làm việc vất vả nhưng
bà ấy đã luôn dành thời gian để dạy chúng tôi nhiều điều bổ ích mà cần thiết và
quan trọng trong cuộc sống sau này của chúng tôi. Hơn nữa, mẹ là một tấm
gương cho tôi noi theo. Mẹ luôn cố gắng sống hòa thuận với những người hàng
xóm bên cạnh và giúp đỡ mọi người khi họ gặp khó khăn cho nên hầu hết mọi
người tôn trọng và yêu quý bà ấy. Tôi ngưỡng mộ và kính trọng mẹ tôi không
chỉ bởi vì bà nuôi dưỡng tôi tốt mà mẹ còn bên tôi và đưa ra sự giúp đỡ nếu cần
thiết. Ví dụ như khi tôi gặp những khó khăn thì mẹ sẽ đưa ra những lời khuyên
quý giá giúp tôi giải quyết những vấn đề đó. Mẹ có ảnh hưởng lớn tới tôi và tôi
hi vọng rằng tôi sẽ thừa hưởng được một số nét tính cách của mẹ.
TOPIC 2: Since the tour in Nha Trang
My first visit to Nha Trang, the coastal city, was three years ago. It was a
pleasant and memorable trip. Nha Trang, the capital of Khanhs Hoaf province, has
one of the most popular municipal beaches in all of Vietnam. In Nha Trang, nature
beauties are so tempting. Waves crashing onto the cliffs; the soft sigh of the sea
breeze; clean white sands and turquoise waters; it all makes for a stunning
landscapes. On my visit to Nha Trang, I used to get up early each morning to stroll
along the beach - a chance to breath in the fresh sea air and enjoy the sunrise across
the water. One attraction that captivated me three years ago and still it does is the
collection of small offshore islands. Hon Tre is the largest of the islands, and
Monkey island is, as the name suggests, the home of hundreds of wild monkeys.
Yen island is known for its swifts' nests. Nha Trang is the city in hamoney: its fine
weather, favorite position and friendly people bring it a cerain balance. Nha Trang
is a great holiday destination. I hope to have chance to come back.

Bài dịch: Kể về chuyến du lịch tại Nha Trang
Tôi đến thăm Nha Trang, thành phố biển, lần đầu cách đây ba năm. Đó là
một chuyến đi thú vị và đáng nhớ. Nha Trang, thủ đô của tỉnh Khánh Hòa, có bãi
biển đẹp nhất trong số các bãi tắm trong thành phố trên toàn Việt Nam. Ở Nha
Trang, thiên nhiên thật quyến rũ. Sóng xô bờ đá; hơi thở nhẹ nhàng của gió biển,
bãi cát trắng và nước biển trong xanh; tất cả đã tạo nên phong cảnh tuyệt vời. Trong
dịp đi thăm Nha Trang hồi đó, tôi thường dậy sớm vào buổi sáng đi tản bộ dọc theo
bờ biển - một dịp để hít thở không khí biển trong lành và thưởng thức cảnh bình
minh trên biển. Một nơi hấp dẫn đã lôi cuốn tôi cách đây ba năm và bây giờ vẫn thế
là tập hợp những hòn đảo nhỏ xa bờ. Hòn Tre là một trong những hòn đảo lớn nhất.
Hòn Khỉ, như tên gọi của nó, là nơi cư ngụ của hàng trăm loài khỉ hoang dã. Đảo
Yến nổi tiếng có nhiều tổ chim Yến. Nha Trang là thành phố của sự hài hòa: thời
tiết đẹp, vị trí thuận lợi và người dân thân thiện đem lại cho Nha Trang sự cân bằng


vững chắc. Nha Trang là điểm dừng chân du lịch lý tưởng. Tôi hi vọng có cơ hội
trở lại.
TOPIC 3: Write about your favorite subject at school
My favorite subject is English. The first reason I like this subject is that it
is a core subject which is vital and essential in my career path. I try to learn this
international language well so that I can communicate with foreigners and find
a good job in the future. Furthermore, learning English well can help me read
books or magazines in English. Through reading things in English, I can be
exposed to various cultures and customs. Besides, my English teacher is a
dedicated person who can engage me in her lessons and bring the passion for
me. I found her lessons interesting because she delivered them in a way that I
really liked. In short, English is an important subject which I am really keen on.
Bài dịch: Viết về chủ đề yêu thích của bạn tại trường
Môn học yêu thích của tôi là Tiếng Anh. Lý do đầu tiên tôi thích môn
học này là đó là một môn học chủ yếu mà quan trọng và thiết yếu trên con

đường sự nghiệp của mình. Tôi cố gắng học ngôn ngữ quốc tế này giỏi để mà
tôi có thể giao tiếp với người nước ngoài và tìm được một công việc tốt trong
tương lai. Hơn nữa học tiếng anh tốt có thể giúp tôi đọc sách hay tạp chí bằng
tiếng anh. Thông qua việc đọc những thứ bằng tiếng anh, tôi có thể tiếp xúc với
những nền văn hóa và các phong tục khác nhau. Ngoài ra giáo viên tiếng anh
của tôi là một người tận tụy người mà có thể thu hút tôi vào các bài học của cô
ấy và mang đến cho tôi niềm đam mê. Tôi cảm thấy bài học của cô ấy hấp dẫn
bởi vì cô ấy đã truyền đạt theo cách mà tôi thực sự thích. Tóm lại, tiếng anh là
một môn học quan trọng mà tôi thực sự thích.
TOPIC 4: Describe the beauty of Dalat
Amidst the immense mountains and forests of Lam Dong province, Dalat, a
beautiful town, captivates all those who have been there once. I am one of those.
Dalat is often called the City of Eternal Spring. Flowers of all colors, with many
species, the most numerous of which are orchids. More than anywhere else in
Vietnam, Dalat sees flowers vie with one another in blossoming in spring. I used to
get up early in the morning on fine days to welcome dawn on the highlands.
Opening the windows, I had a breath-taking view of nature, and enjoyed the
fragrance of wild flowers carried by the clouds, I felt relieved in my heart. In the
late afternoons, I often reserved for visits to the Valley of Love and Sigh Lake
covered with quiet pine forests. Twilight on Dalat also brought many pictures and
sensations. The wind rustling through the pine forests, the roar of waterfalls, the


chirping of birds and the clatter of horse 's hooves...all of these unforgettable
memories always remain with me.
Bài dịch: Mô tả vẻ đẹp của Đà Lạt
Giữa rừng núi trùng điệp của tỉnh Lâm Đồng, Đà Lạt, thành phố xinh đẹp,
quyến rũ tất cả những ai đã từng một lần đến nơi này. Tôi là một trong số đó. Đà
Lạt được mệnh danh là thành phố của mùa xuân vĩnh cửu. Hoa đủ màu sắc, hoa
nhiều chủng loại và nhiều nhất là phong lan. Hơn bất cứ nơi đâu ở Việt Nam, Đà

Lạt bốn mùa hoa thi nhau nở, nở rộ nhất là vào mùa xuân. Những ngày đẹp trời, tôi
thường dạy sớm để đón bình minh trên cao nguyên. Mở cửa sổ phòng ra, nhắm
nhìn bức tranh thiên nhiên ngoạn mục và hít thở mùi hương của những bông hoa
rừng do mây chở đến, tôi cảm thấy nhẹ nhõm trong lòng. Vào những buổi chiều tà,
tôi thương dành thời gian cho thung lũng Tình Yêu và hồ Than Thở chìm sâu trong
sướn đồi của rừng thông tĩnh mịch. Hoàng hôn Đà Lạt mang đến nhiều vẻ và cảm
giác. Tiếng thông reo vi vút, tiếng thác nước, tiếng chim ca, tiếng vó ngựa gõ nhịp
đều đều...Tất cả để lại trong tôi những kỉ niệm khó quên.
TOPIC 5 : describe a book that you like best.
I would like to introduce you Frankenstein, a horror story. It was written by
Marry Shelley in 1818. A student from Geneva, Frankenstein, collects bones and
bodies from graveyards, and constructs a creature which is more like a monster
than a man. People are frightened of it. The poor monster feels lonely and
depressed because he has no friends, so it asks Frankenstein to make it a wife. He
refused to do this. Then the monster attacks and kills Frankenstein’s friend and his
brother. Frankenstein is heart broken and is determined to kill the monster.
However, he is killed first by the monster, and then it kills itself. Frankenstein is
really an interesting story due to the strange character of the monster.
TOPIC 6 : write a description of one of the popular celebrations in Vietnam
You may write about:
- name of the festival
- time of the festival
- purpose of the festival
- main activities of the festival
- your feeling about the festival


Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most popular celebrations in Vietnam. It
falls ( is held / is celebrated ) on the 14th day of the 8th lunar month every year. It’s
the time when Vietnamese people celebrate the largest full moon in the year. On

this day, children have parties with special cakes and lots of fruits. They also
parade in the street with their beautiful lanterns, which come in all shapes and sizes.
Adults sit outdoors, drinking tea, having moon cakes and admiring the fullest and
roundest moon. I myself enjoy this festival very much because it’s a great time for
not only children but also adults.
Tet holiday is one of the most popular celebrations in Vietnam. It often
runs from January to February. …..
TOPIC 7 : Write a letter to a pen-pal to talk about a person who has great
influence on you.
……………………., March 26th, 2015
Dear Linda,
I am sorry for not writing to you for so long, but you know we are all busy
with preparing for the coming GCSE. I am writing today to tell you about my
greatest ever idol who has great influence on me.
Everyone has his variety of acquaintances, friends, relatives, teachers, or
partners among whom one may have the one that creates greatest ever impression
on him. For me, I must say that my life would not have been as good as it is today
if I did not meet Mr. Jimmy. It happened to me when I was a lower secondary
student. I remember well that I was a very bad boy at that time. I always got bad
marks for school subjects as well as I got fined daily. My teachers got very
disappointed, my parents felt ashamed as I was very often mentioned as a bad
example at school. My classmates found ways to keep away from me. I felt so
lonely and hopeless. Then Mr. Jimmy, my new Maths teacher appeared. After
having had a talk with me and my parents, he agreed to be my private tutor. It was
so strange that he did not teach me lessons right away, he made ways to be my
friend instead. He spared time to get to know my difficulties, helped me to gain me
confidence, let me believe in what I could do. Gradually, I realized what to do, how
to do. He encouraged me when I felt tired, lonely or daunted. He gave me belief
and strength to stand right on my own feet. Finally, I got to know the meaning of
life.

To tell the truth, I feel so happy to have a great teacher like Mr. Jimmy. I
really hope that you will spare time to let me know about your idols in life. I am
looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Love,
Tom.
TOPIC 8 : Write about the formal school education system in Vietnam.


The current formal school education system in Vietnam, as we all know,
consists of three levels; pre-school, primary and secondary educations. Secondary
education is divided into lower and upper stage. Now, in some provinces especially
in cities, there are two parallel school systems in pre-school, primary or even
secondary education; state and private schools. Tuition fees are different very much
from state to private schools. In both systems, the academic year, from early
September to late May, is divided into two semesters consisting of four to five
months each.
Children usually start their pre-school at the age of three, when they go to the
nurseries but this stage is not compulsory. When children reach the age of six, they
must go to primary schools. The primary education lasts five years with 5 grades;
from grade 1 to grade 5. After having finished primary education, children can go
to lower secondary schools from grade 6 to grade 9. Children who complete lower
secondary may be accepted to upper secondary schools which last three years with
3 grades; ten to twelve. It depends on the locality that children have to take the
entrance examination to be upper secondary students. Children finish the school
education when they finish grade 12. Often, at the end of upper secondary
education, student have to take the General Certificate of Secondary Education
(GCSE), the requirement to go to university or college, The GCSE used to take
place in early June, but this year in early July.
TOPIC 9 : Write a letter of request to UCAS to ask for information about the
admission requirements to the university.

475/57 Le Thanh Ton St. District 1
Ho Chi Minh City
March 15th, 2008
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’ve read a lot about tertiary study in the UK and very impressed by the reputation
of many famous universities there. I am writing now to apply for the course and to
ask for the admission requirements to the university.
Now, I am in the last year of the high school and will finish secondary education in
3 months. I am very much interested in an undergraduate course in economics in
Birmingham University. At school I have learnt English for 7 years now, and my
English is good enough to communicate with English speaking residents.
Moreover, I am rather good at natural science subjects, and I am also very much
interested in social activities. My family income is absolutely good enough to pay
for my life and study abroad, too. I have good health and am willing to live on my
own. What my family and I want to know now is the detailed admission
requirements to the university and the degrees I will be granted after finishing the
course. Could you please send me some information about the admission
requirements, tuitions fees, accommodation and details of the course? I am ready to
supply any information about myself if necessary.
I look forward to hearing from you soon.


Yours faithfully,
Hoang Thanh Nam.
TOPIC 10 : Write a letter to Vinatour, applying for the job mentioned in the
advertisement in a newspaper.
Flat 3,324, Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Hanoi
October 16th, 2014
Hanoi Vinatour
250, Nguyen Du Street, Hanoi

Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing in reply to your advertisement in the Vietnam News for experienced
English-speaking local guides to accompany foreign visitors on trips throughout
Vietnam. To tell the truth, I am very much interested in the post and hope to get it.
After reading the requirement for applicants, I can say by sure that I meet all of the
qualifications that you specify. I was awarded High School Certificate two years
ago with flying colours. After leaving high school, I worked as an accountant in a
small travel agency for one year, where I was given a training course on tourism.
Then I had one year of experience as a tour guide so I know many tourist areas in
Vietnam arid have a basic knowledge of Vietnamese culture, history, geography
and the people. Moreover, I was a good student at English at school and achieved
some prizes for English-speaking and English-in-use contests, so I can say that I
speak English fluently and be able to communicate effectively with English
speaking partners. In addition, I am a sociable and confident person and can work
hard for long hours. I would like to work for you and would appreciate the
opportunity to discuss this position with you in person.
I am looking forward to hearing from you at your convenience.
Yours faithfully,
Nguyen Quoc Anh
TOPIC 11 : Write an essay to express you wish to work for an international
organization, giving the reasons why you choose the organization.
When still a little boy, I read an article about the World Health Organization
(WHO), I realized that health is of the most important factor affecting one’s quality
of life, and that helping to improve people’s health is a noble profession. Since
then, I have harboured the dream to work for the Organization for a number of
reasons as following.
First, working for the World Health Organization (WHO) gives me
opportunities to live abroad, to use English at work, and to have high salary. I am
an active and dynamic person so I think it will be an interesting life to have chance
to travel far and wide to meet different people of different personalities and

nationalities.
Second, I will be able to further my biology knowledge by doing numerous
medical researches. I can also understand more about life mechanism, the reactions


of the bodies to the changes of the surroundings. Of course, working for the World
Health Organization (WHO) will offer me occasions to meet, to have talks with
well-known people worldwide.
As far as I can say, taking care of other people’s health is always a respectful
job. Working as an official of the World Health Organization (WHO) helps me to
be more aware of the value of life. Looking after the ones who struggle to survive
will give me strength and hope, help me think more optimistically and do more
positive things.
Living is sacrificing. I for long have considered this proverb as one of my
life approaches. I will try my best to realize my dream some day in the future.
TOPIC 12 : In today’s competitive world, many families find it necessary for
both parents to go out to work. While some say the children in these families
benefit from the traditional income, others feel they lack support because of their
parents’ absence.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinions.
In the business-driven culture nowadays, in order to adopt all of the so-called
symbols of advanced life, in many families; both parents have to work hard all day
long for their children to enjoy the best. It’s true that those children benefit from the
joint income and the same, those grew up lacking parental support, and this practice
is creating a negative feedback loop.
On the first note, one of the external influences on a child’s development is
economic status; children in impoverished or low-income families are, often times,
more prone to emotional difficulties than other children because parents have
limited resources to address the children’s needs as an asset to a child’s overall
development. Therein, the income of parents is directly influential in the quality of

care as well as of life a child has. So out of the love for their children, willy-nilly,
both parents have no choice but work outside.
However, gaining higher economic status does not guarantee better child
development, in return to this, something must be lost. Parents with the help of
close emotional bonds with children will be able to enhance a child’s motivation to
comply with rules and requests and is associated with positive long term-outcomes
so that they will grow up more independent, emphatic, and socially competent.
Secure attachments to parents will underpin a child for positive, self-fulfilling
expectations about other people which he will take into future relationships.
In an evolving culture where parents spend more time working and less
time with their child, the child’s overall development is the one to suffer- the longterm implications of which not yet fully realized. Yet, it is important to step back
and consider the quality of the current cultural environment and the ill-developed
children it may produce, obviously this leads to the disability to handle
relationships and the child fail to function better both socially and professionally,
and this may impact generation after generation.
Children need their parents to be affectionate, caring beings, whether
working parent or stay-home parent; it doesn’t matter much. What really counts is


that the parent loves the child, fosters secure attachments with her child and
fathoms of what the child’s needs are. Otherwise, it is society that bears the
consequences; its citizens are all ill- develope.


BÀI TẬP CHUYỂN ĐỔI CÂU ÔN THI TN THPT QUỐC GIA
Rewrite each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence
printed above it :
1. Tom is sorry that he didn’t watch the football match last night.
- Tom wishes _____________________________________________________________
2. The test we did yesterday was so difficult that we couldn’t finish it in two hours.

- Yesterday we did _________________________________________________________
3. “How many students are there in your class ?”
- The man asked me ________________________________________________________
4. “You should go to the lecture”
- The teacher advised us ____________________________________________________
5. You must hurry or we’ll miss the train.
- Unless we ______________________________________________________________
6. It’s not difficult to make bread.
- Bread is ________________________________________________________________
7. Jack said, “I have studied English for five years, Mary.”
- Jack told ________________________________________________________________
8. Unless they leave a lamp beside that hole, somebody will fall into it.
- If ______________________________________________________________________
9. The workers repaired the bridge last week.
- If ______________________________________________________________________
10. No one could open the door of the house.
- The door _______________________________________________________________
11. The city where we were born is very small.
- The city in ______________________________________________________________
12. She has studied French for five years.
- She began _______________________________________________________________
13. They left very early in the morning. They didn’t want anybody to see them.(so that)
-________________________________________________________________________
14. He collects old coins. He is likes it.
- He is fond _______________________________________________________________
15. She said, “ Have you got a new car, Jack ?”
- She asked _______________________________________________________________
16. He said to her, “ Give my regards to your parents.”
- He told _________________________________________________________________
17. “Don’t talk to that man”, she said.

- She told ________________________________________________________________
18. I didn’t understand the lesson because I didn’t go to school yesterday.
- If ______________________________________________________________________
19. Jane can’t go to your party because you don’t invite her.
- If ______________________________________________________________________
20. They haven’t finished their homework yet.
- Their homework _________________________________________________________
21. Jim was absent because he was ill.
1


- Because of ______________________________________________________________
22. We were late for the play because of the long line at the ticket-window.
- Because there ___________________________________________________________
23. I couldn’t see anything because it was so dark.
- Because of ______________________________________________________________
24. Because the weather is warm and damp, rice grows very well here.
- Because of ______________________________________________________________
25. Jane never says a hard word to Tom because of her love for him.
- Because Jane ____________________________________________________________
Rewrite the following sentences as directed without changing their meaning :
1. Nobody could solve this mathematical problem.
 This __________________________________________________________________
2. They believe that he will pass the final exam.
 He ___________________________________________________________________
3. She was too old to carry that heavy case.
 She was so ____________________________________________________________
4. He seldom keeps his promise.
 Seldom________________________________________________________________
5. I have never travelled by plane in my life.

 Never ________________________________________________________________
6. Jack is not old enough to see horror films.
 Jack is too _____________________________________________________________
7. You will catch cold if you don’t keep your feet dry.
 Unless ________________________________________________________________
8. People saw him leave the office yesterday.
 He ___________________________________________________________________
9.She came late because of the rain.
 Because it _____________________________________________________________
10. “You’d better not lend them any more money.” said Alice.
 Alice advised __________________________________________________________
11. She decided to help him with some money.
 She made _____________________________________________________________
12. We have to notice the teacher’s explanation.
 We have to pay _________________________________________________________
13. This flower is very beautiful.
 What _________________________________________________________________
14. He spent 2 hours doing the mathematical exercises.
 It took ________________________________________________________________
15. They have to change the date of the meeting again.
 The date ______________________________________________________________
16. It was so late that nothing could be done.
 It was too _____________________________________________________________
17. I didn’t go out because it rained.
 If ____________________________________________________________________
2


18. I have fewer books than she has.
 She has _______________________________________________________________

19. Mary visited us three days ago.
 Mary paid _____________________________________________________________
20. The plumber repaired the leak this morning.
 They had ______________________________________________________________
. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the
original sentences :
1. Although he’s got an English name, he is in fact German.
 Despite________________________________________________________________
2. I found a place to live but it was difficult.
 I had difficulty __________________________________________________________
3. The book was so good that I couldn’t put it down.
 They had ______________________________________________________________
4. He’s fat because he doesn’t take any exercises.
 But if _________________________________________________________________
5. Turn off all the switches before leaving the workshop.
 All the switches ________________________________________________________
6. “You’d better not go out without a raincoat.”He said.
 He advised _____________________________________________________________
7. You will miss the train if you don’t hurry.
 Unless you _____________________________________________________________
8. That factory is producing more and more pollution.
 More and more pollution _________________________________________________
9. My brother is not tall.I am not tall.
 Neither _______________________________________________________________
10. Although his leg was broken,he managed to get out of the car.
 In spite _______________________________________________________________
11. The driver said, “Don’t get off the bus while it’s moving!”
 The driver asked the passengers ____________________________________________
12. He repaired the bicycle in two hours.
 It took ________________________________________________________________

13. I have never heard him shout at his children.
 He ___________________________________________________________________
14. The enemy used to attack this place.
 This place _____________________________________________________________
15. Doing exercises before going to school is important.
 It is __________________________________________________________________
16. Rice won’t grow if there isn’t enough rain.
3


 Unless ________________________________________________________________
17. “Why don’t you close the door, John ?”, Nam asked.
 Nam asked ____________________________________________________________
18. We have been doing our work since 8 o’clock.
 Our work ______________________________________________________________
19. They didn’t leave the house early. They were so late for the play.
 If ____________________________________________________________________
20. She won’t stay with us.
 I wish ________________________________________________________________
Rewrite the following sentences :
1. Keep quiet or I’ll scream.
- Unless _________________________________________________________________
2. I regret speaking to him so severely yesterday.
- I wish __________________________________________________________________
3. Unless he phones immediately, he won’t get any information.
- If _____________________________________________________________________
4. We got lost because we didn’t have a map.
- If _____________________________________________________________________
5. We didn’t have enough rain, so we could not grow rice.
- If _____________________________________________________________________

6. The sky was so clear that I could see millions of stars.
- It was __________________________________________________________________
7. It was such long homework that I couldn’t finish it.
- The homework __________________________________________________________
8. It’s a long time since I last went to a football match.
- I haven’t _______________________________________________________________
9. The last time I saw Dick was in 1995.
- I haven’t _______________________________________________________________
10. We had lunch and then went for a walk by the river.
- After we ________________________________________________________________
11. He said to his wife,”Are you cooking in the kitchen now?”
- He ____________________________________________________________________
12. He said ,”I didn’t know what to do.”
- He ____________________________________________________________________
13. I said to him,”How did you go to school yesterday?”
- I ______________________________________________________________________
14. He said to the boy,”Put your briefcase on this table.”
- He ____________________________________________________________________
15. The boy said to his friends,”Don’t make too much noise!”
- The boy ________________________________________________________________
16. I started work for this company a year ago.
- I‘ve been _______________________________________________________________
17. “You’d better not lend him any more money, Paul,” said Tom.
4


- Tom advised Paul ________________________________________________________
18. Tom is not as tall as his brother.
- Tom’s brother ___________________________________________________________
19. Although the traffic was bad, I arrived on time.

- In spite of _______________________________________________________________
20. His father is taller than his mother.
- His mother ______________________________________________________________
Rewrite the following sentences, beginning with the words given :
1. Will you please open the door ?
 Would you mind ________________________________________________________
2. Although it was raining heavily, they still came to the party.
 Despite _______________________________________________________________
3. She seldom went to the movies last year.
 Seldom _______________________________________________________________
4. He has decided to make a tour of England.
 He has made ___________________________________________________________
5. He often swims with his friends.
 He often has ___________________________________________________________
6. She sometimes walks with her pet dog.
 She sometimes has ______________________________________________________
7. They decided to go to the zoo in spite of the heavy rain.
 Though _______________________________________________________________
8. Because the weather was bad,the plane couldn’t take off.
 Because of ____________________________________________________________
9. They had no intention of travelling around the world.
 They didn’t intend ______________________________________________________
10. He said to me, “I don’t want you to make such a silly mistake again”
 He told _______________________________________________________________
11. She said, “I didn’t know you.”
 She said _______________________________________________________________
12. The boy said, “I don’t know what I’ll do”
 The boy said ___________________________________________________________
13. She asked him, “Have you read this book ?”
 She asked him __________________________________________________________

14. He asked, “Why didn’t you come to school yesterday?”
 He asked ______________________________________________________________
15. The teacher said to me, “You have to learn the lesson by heart.”
 The teacher told ________________________________________________________
16. Somebody has taken away some of my books.
 Some of my books ______________________________________________________
17. They can’t make tea with cold water.
 Tea __________________________________________________________________
18. He has made much progress in his study.
 Much progress _________________________________________________________
5


19. They will hold the meeting before May Day.
 The meeting ___________________________________________________________
20. People spend a lot of money on advertising every year.
 A lot of money _________________________________________________________
Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the
original sentences :
1. The store was opened in 1932 by John.
 John __________________________________________________________________
2. We can avoid waiting by booking the tickets in advance.
 If ____________________________________________________________________
3. The teacher asked me whether I had any books.
 “Do __________________________________________________________________
4. “I like films, books and music” Mike replied.
 Mike said that __________________________________________________________
5. It took Jane three hours to sort out her stamps.
 Jane spent _____________________________________________________________
6. That scientific discovery was so important that it has affected every man’s way of life.

 That was such __________________________________________________________
7. He was given a chance to stay on at this garage.
 They _________________________________________________________________
8. They said that he had left Paris secretly in his private car.
 He ___________________________________________________________________
9. He made a great discovery. He was very proud of it.
 He was very proud of ____________________________________________________
10. We’ve never talked to an interesting person like you before.
 Never before ___________________________________________________________
11. They cancelled the flight because it was foggy.
 Because of ____________________________________________________________
12. Because the traffic is heavy, I sometimes come to my office late.
 Because of ____________________________________________________________
13. I’m sorry I missed your birthday party.
 I wish ________________________________________________________________
14. You’d better put your money in the bank.
 I advise _______________________________________________________________
15. He prefers golf to tennis.
 He’d rather ____________________________________________________________
16. It is necessary to master English.
 Mastering _____________________________________________________________
17. He spent two hours writing the essay.
 It took ________________________________________________________________
18. He is too young to ride a motorbike.
 He isn’t _______________________________________________________________
19. The bag was so heavy that she couldn’t carry it upstairs.
 The bag was too ________________________________________________________
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20. He expects to hear from her as soon as possible.
 He is looking forward
Rewrite the following sentences :
1. Her mother said, “Try to learn your lesson carefully, Lan”.
- Lan’s mother told ___________________________________
2. Mary doesn’t have a modern calculator .
- Mary wishes _______________________________________
3. He never does his homework.
- Never _____________________________________________
4. He studied English at school. He succeeded in it.
- He succeeded in _____________________________________
5. The children like to walk in the rain.
- The children enjoy ____________________________________
6. The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough.
- The sea was too _______________________________________
7. Who does this bicycle belong to?
- Whose _______________________________________________?
8. We learned this after a long time.
- It took _________________________________________________
9. I’ll lend you the book, but you must promise to return it next week.
- If _____________________________________________________
10. The car is too expensive for him to buy.
- He isn’t _________________________________________________
11. Would you close the door, please?
- Would you mind __________________________________________?
12. They didn’t allow us to smoke in here.
- They didn’t let _____________________________________________
13. My teacher advised buying that book.
- My teacher advised us _______________________________________
14. The thief forced the bank manager to lie on the ground.

- The thief made _____________________________________________
15. He has studied English for six years.
- He began ___________________________________________________
Rewrite the following sentences.
1. They have considered me as their great friend.
 I _____________________________________________________________________
2. She looked after her old mother at home.
 Her old mother _________________________________________________________
3. They are growing trees round their school to make a fence.
 Trees _________________________________________________________________
4. We have to pay attention to lessons.
 Lessons _______________________________________________________________
5. “How many stars are there in the sky?” asked he.
 He asked ______________________________________________________________
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6. Because of the absence of atmosphere on the moon, the sky is black just as in space.
 Because _______________________________________________________________
7. I advise you to put your money in the bank.
 You’d ________________________________________________________________
8. “Don’t leave the house until I get back, William!” his mother said.
 William’s mother _______________________________________________________
9. Robert can’t cook so well as Jane can.
 Jane __________________________________________________________________
10. You ‘d better apologize to Sally.
 I advise _______________________________________________________________
11. She worked hard. She wanted to become a good teacher of English.(...so that ...)
 ______________________________________________________________________
12. The sportsmen take first place at the Olympic Games. They receive gold medals.

 The sportsmen wh- ______________________________________________________
13. Mr.Miller lost his job because he was late every day.
 If ____________________________________________________________________
14. They travelled across India, and then flew to Japan.
 After _________________________________________________________________
15. They asked him about the countries. He visited them last month.
 They asked ____________________________________________________________
16. He gave me a book for my birthday.
 I _____________________________________________________________________
17. Your house is bigger than mine.
 My house _____________________________________________________________
18. The question was so difficult that we can’t answer it.
 The question was too ____________________________________________________
19. He did his homework,then he went to bed.
 After _________________________________________________________________
20. Jane doesn’t speak English as well as Betty.
 Betty
Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the
original sentences :
1. We can’t work. We don’t use a good dictionary.
- Without ________________________________________________________________
2. He must practise it everyday. That is the only way for him to be successful.
- Only by_________________________________________________________________
3. He is going to retire at the end of the term. It was decided.
- The fact that _____________________________________________________________
4. His father didn’t want to watch TV. His wife didn’t want to watch TV.
- Neither _________________________________________________________________
5. He was ill. He went to school.
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- In spite of _______________________________________________________________
6. Think carefully. Answer my question.
- Before _________________________________________________________________
7. I can’t cook as well as my mother does.
- My mother ______________________________________________________________
8. Unless it stops raining,we won’t go out.
- If _____________________________________________________________________
9. She cooked better than you did.
- You ___________________________________________________________________
10. Unless someone has a key,we can’t get into the house.
- We can only _____________________________________________________________
11. Because of her carefulness, she didn’t make any mistakes in her answers.
- Because ________________________________________________________________
12. She said, ‘I spent my holiday in Italy last year.”
- She said ________________________________________________________________
13. She didn’t buy it because the price was too high.
- Because of ______________________________________________________________
14. We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money.
- If _____________________________________________________________________
15. The question was so difficult that we can’t answer it.
- The question was too ______________________________________________________
Rewrite the following sentences.
1. My father said I could use his car.
 My father allowed _______________________________________________________
2. Scientists began to carry out researches on AIDS in 1980.
 Researches on AIDS _____________________________________________________
3. That girl is very beautiful.
 How __________________________________________________________________
4. The last time I wrote to him was in 1996.

 I haven’t_______________________________________________________________
5. It took him only ten minutes to get there.
 He spent _______________________________________________________________
6. I didn’t meet him yesterday so I couldn’t tell him about that.
 If ____________________________________________________________________
7. Could you turn the radio down please?
 Would you mind ________________________________________________________
8. The man was very tired , so he didn’t answer my question.
 The man was too ________________________________________________________
9. Nobody could move the piano. It was too heavy.
 It was such _____________________________________________________________
10. You’d better apologize to Sally.
 I advise________________________________________________________________
Rewrite these sentences as directed in parentheses :
1. All the teachers love him because his behaviour is good.
- Because of ______________________________________________________________
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