từ vựng tiếng anh ngành dược

UNIT ONE
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VOCABULARY
pharmacy /'fɑ:mәsi / (n) = pharmaceutics /,fɑ:mә'sju:tiks / (n)dược khoa, khoa bào chế
= drugstore / 'drʌgstɔ:/ nhà thuốc
pharmacy practice : thực hành dược khoa; pharmacist /'fɑ:mәsist / (n)dược sỹ
multidisciplinary / mʌlti 'disiplinәri / (a) nhiều môn học
specialize /'spe∫әlaiz / (v)(in) chuyên về
medicine /'medsn; 'medisn / (n) → medicinal / mә'disinl / (a)
develop / di'velәp / (v) → development / di'velәpmәnt / (n)
charge /t∫ɑ:dʒ / (v)giao nhiệm vụ, giao việc
ensure / in'∫uә / (v) bảo đảm
medicate /'medikeit / (v)điều trò bằng thuốc
medication /,medi'kei∫n/ (n) thuốc chữa bệnh, dược phẩm; sự cho thuốc
scope /skoup/ (n)phạm vi
compound / ˈkɒmpaʊnd/ (n) hợp chất; compound / ˈkɒmpaʊnd / (v) pha (thuốc)
dispense /dis'pens / (v) phân phát, phân phối → dispensation /,dispen'sei∫n / (n)
dispenser /dis'pensә / (n) nhà bào chế, người pha thuốc theo đơn
review / ri'vju:/ (v) xem lại, xét lại
efficacy /'efikәsi / (n) = efficaciousness /,efi'kei∫әsnis / (n) có hiệu quả
provide /prә'vaid/ (v) → provision / prә'viʒn / (n)
providence /'prɔvidәns / (n) sự lo xa, sự dự phòng
provident /'prɔvidәnt / (a) lo xa, tiết kiệm
expertise /,ekspә'ti:z / (n)
critical /'kritikәl / (a) quyết đònh, then chốt
clinic /'klinik / (n) phòng khám → clinical /'klinikl / (a)
exceptionally / ik'sep∫әnәli / (adv) cá biệt, khác thường
pharmacology /,fɑ:mә'kɑlәdʒi / (n) dược lý
pharmacognosy /fa:mә'kɔgnәsi / (n) dược liệu
pharmaceutical chemistry /,fɑ:mә'sju:tikәl ˈkɛmɪstrɪ/: hóa dược

monitor /'mɔnitә / (v) giám sát
pharmaceutics /ˌfɑːmәˈsjuːtɪks / (n)
physiology /ˌfɪzɪˈɒlәdʒɪ / (n); physiological /ˌfɪzɪәˈlɒdʒɪkәl / (a)
anatomy /әˈnỉtәmɪ / (n); anatomical /ˌỉnәˈtɒmɪkәl / (a)
kinetics /kai'netiks / (n) động lực học
nephrology /ne'frɔlәdʒi/ (n)
hepatology /hepә'tɔlәdʒi/ (n)
counsel / ˈkaʊnsәl / (v)khuyên răn, chỉ bảo
proper /'prɔpә / (a) đúng cách
adverse /'ỉdvә:s / (a) bất lợi, có hại
take on: đảm nhiệm, nhận làm, gánh vác
pharmaceutical /,fɑ:mә'sju:tikәl / (a) sử dụng thuốc
participate /pɑ:'tisipeit/ (v) tham gia vào
optimise /'ɔptimaiz / (v) đánh giá một cách lạc quan, nhìn một cách lạc quan
collaboration /kә,lỉbә'rei∫n / (n) sự cộng tác
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physician /fi'zi∫n / (n) bác sỹ
direct / di'rekt; dai'rekt / (v) hướng tới
responsibility /ri,spɔnsә'bilәti / (n) trách nhiệm
improve / im'pru:v / (v) cải thiện
outcome /'autkʌm / (n) kết quả, tác động
inquiry / in'kwaiәri/ (n) thắc mắc

assess /ә'ses / (v) đánh giá
primary /'praimәri / (a) ban đầu
require / ri'kwaiә / (v) đòi hỏi
range /reindʒ / (n) lónh vực
TERMINOLOGY
-ology: the study of
nephrology means the study of the kidneys
hepatology means the study of the liver
physiology means the study of the functions of the structures of the body
pharmacology means the study of the nature, uses and effects of drugs for medical
purposes
-ologist: specialist
A nephrologist is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases
and disorders of the kidneys
A hepatologist a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and
disorders of the liver
A physiologist is a scientist who studies physiology
A pharmacist is a licensed specialist who formulates and dispenses prescribed
medications
EXERCISE
Complete with the following words:
a. ensuring
b. derives
c. health sciences
e. the experts
f. provide
g. chemical sciences
i. medications j. cosmetics
k. drug information
m. chemist's

n. positive
o. primary health

d. traditional roles
h. pharmacy practice
l. pharmaceutical drugs
p. modern services

Pharmacy is the health profession that links the __________ with the __________ and
it is charged with __________ the safe and effective use of __________. The word
__________ from the Greek: φάρµακον (pharmakon), meaning "drug" or "medicine".
The scope of __________ includes more __________ such as compounding and
dispensing __________, and it also includes more __________ related to health care,
including clinical services, reviewing medications for safety and efficacy, and providing
__________. Pharmacists, therefore, are __________ on drug therapy and are the
__________ professionals who optimize medication use to __________ patients with
__________ health outcomes.
An establishment in which pharmacy (in the first sense) is practiced is called a
pharmacy, __________ or (in the United States) drug store. US drug stores commonly sell
not only medicines, but also miscellaneous items such as candy (sweets), __________, and
magazines, as well as light refreshments or groceries.
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UNIT 2
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VOCABULARY
pharmacology /,fɑ:mә'kɑlәdʒi / (n) dược lý
property /'prɔpәti / (n) đặc tính

therapeutics /,θerә'pju:tiks / (n) phép chữa bệnh→ therapeutic /,θerә'pju:tik / (a)
medicine /'medsn; 'medisn / (n) → medicinal / mә'disinl / (a); medical /'medikl / (a)
pharmaceutical /,fɑ:mә'sju:tikәl / (n) dược phẩm
toxicology /,tɔksi'kɔlәdʒi / (n) khoa độc chất
therapy /'θerәpi / (n) sự điều trò
apply / ә'plai / (v) ứng dụng → application /,ỉpli'kei∫n / (n)
antipathogen /ỉnti'pỉθәdʒen / (n) thể chống gây bệnh
antipathogenic /,ỉnti'pỉθә'dʒenik / (a) chống sự gây bệnh
capability /,keipә'biliti / (n) khả năng
synonym /'sinәnim / (n) từ đồng nghóa → synonymous /si'nɔnimәs / (a)đồng nghóa
confused /kәn'fju:zd / (a) lộn xộn, không rõ ràng
interact /,intәr'ỉkt / (v) tương tác
biology /bai'ɔlәdʒi/ (n) → biological /,baiә'lɔdʒikәl / (a)
benefit /'benifit / (n) có lợi → benefical /,beni'fi∫әl / (a)
harm / hɑ:m/ (n) tác hại → harmful /'hɑ:mful / (a)
toxin /'tɔksin / (n) độc tố → toxic /'tɔksik / (a)
pure /pjuә / (a) thuần túy
chemical /'kemikl / (n) hóa chất
nature /'neit∫ә / (n) → natural /'nỉt∫rәl / (a)
origin /'ɔridʒin / (n)
mineral /'minәrәl / (n) khoáng sản
synthetic / sin'θetik / (a) tổng hợp
subdiscipline /sʌb'disiplin / (n) ngành nhỏ
clinical /'klinikl / pharmacology: dược lâm sàng
neuropharmacology /,njuәrou,fɑ:mә'kɑlәdʒi / (n) dược học thần kinh
psychopharmacology /saikou,fɑ:mә'kɑlәdʒi / (n) dược học tâm lý
behavior /bi'heivjә / (n)cách ứng xử
pharmacoepidemiology /'fa:mәkou,epi,di:mi'ɔlәdʒi / (n)dược học dòch tễ
posology /pɔ'sɔlәdʒi / (n) môn dược lượng
dose /dous / (v) phân liều

substantially /sәb'stỉn∫әli / (adv) về thực chất, về căn bản
pharmacokinetics /,fa:mәkouki'netiks / (n) dược động học
pharmacodynamics /'fa:mәkoudai'nỉmiks / (n) dược lực học
acronym /'ỉkrәnim / (n) từ cấu tạo bằng những chữ cái đầu của một nhóm từ
abbreviation / әˌbriːvɪˈeɪʃәn/ (n)
stand for : là chữ viết tắt của; disposition /,dispә'zi∫n / (n) cách xắp xếp
convert /kәn'vә:t / (v) biến đổi
mucosa /mj 'kәʊsә /(n)= mucous membrane: màng nhầy
exert /ig'zә:t / (v) đưa ra
mucous /'mju:kәs / (a)
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intestine /in'testin / (n) → intestinal /in'testinl / (a)
soluble /'sɔljubl / (a) ; solubility /,sɔlju'bilәti / (n) tính tan
stability /stә'bilәti / (n) sự ổn đònh >< instability /,instә'bilәti / (n) không ổn đònh
ability /ә'bilәti/ (n) >< inability /,inә'bilәti / (n)
permeate /'pә:mieit / (v) thấm vào
extent / iks'tent/ (n) phạm vi
administer /әd'ministә / (v) → administration /әd,minis'trei∫n / (n)
desire / di'zaiә / (v) mong muốn, ao ước → desirable /di'zaiәrәbl / (a)
intravenously /,intrә'vi:nәsli / (adv)
inhalation /,inhә'lei∫n / (n) >< exhalation /,ekshә'lei∫n / (n)
disperse / dis'pә:s / (v) phân tán
disseminate /di'semineit / (v) gieo rắc
metabolism / mә'tỉbәlizm/ (n) sự chuyển hóa → metabolic /,metә'bɔlik / (a)

metabolite /mә'tỉbәlait / (n) chất chuyển hóa
majority / mә'dʒɔriti / (n) phần lớn >< minority /mai'nɔriti / (n)
initial / i'ni∫әl / (a) ban đầu, lúc đầu
parent /'peәrәnt / (n) nguồn gốc
eliminate / i'limineit/ (v) bài tiết
remove /ri'mu:v / (v) → removal /ri'mu:vl / (n) sự loại bỏ
via /'vaiә / (adv) theo đường
urine /'juәrin / (n)
faeces /'fi:si:z / (n) → faecal /'fi:kỉl / (a)
complete / kәm'pli:t / (a) trọn vẹn
accumulate /ә'kju:mjuleit / (v) tích lũy → accumulation / ә,kju:mju'lei∫n / (n)
adverse /'ỉdvә:s / (a) có hại, bất lợi → adversely /'ỉdvә:sli / (adv)
affect /ә'fekt / (v) ảnh hưởng đến
normal /'nɔ:mәl / (a) bình thường >< abnormal /ỉb'nɔ:mәl / (a)
bile /'bail / (n) mật → biliary /'biljәri / (a)
breathe /bri:đ / (v) → breath / breθ / (n)
TERMINOLOGY
-ology: the study of
Neuropharmacology is the study of how drugs affect cellular function in the nervous
system.
Psychopharmacology is the study of drug-induced changes in mood, sensation,
thinking, and behavior.
Pharmacoepidemiology is the study of the use and effects of drugs on large groups of
people.
EXERCISE

I/

Complete with the following words:
a. epidemiology

b. to provide
c. pharmacoepidemiology
d. pharmacology
e. clinical pharmacology
f. patients
To accomplish this study, __________ borrows from both pharmacology and
epidemiology. Thus, pharmacoepidemiology is the bridge between both __________ and
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__________. Pharmacology is the study of the effect of drugs and __________ is the
study of effect of drugs on clinical humans. Part of the task of clinical pharmacology is
__________ a risk benefit assessment by effects of drugs in __________:
• doing the studies needed to provide an estimate of the probability of beneficial
effects on populations,
• or assessing the probability of adverse effects on populations.
II/

Further reading:

Neuropharmacology is the study of how drugs affect cellular function in the nervous
system. There are two main branches of neuropharmacology: behavioral and molecular.
Behavioral neuropharmacology focuses on the study of how drugs affect human behavior
(neuropsychopharmacology), including the study of how drug dependence and addiction
affect the human brain. Molecular neuropharmacology involves the study of neurons and
their neurochemical interactions, with the overall goal of developing drugs that have
beneficial effects on neurological function. Both of these fields are closely connected, since
both are concerned with the interactions of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides,
neurohormones, neuromodulators, enzymes, second messengers, co-transporters, ion
channels, and receptor proteins in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Studying

these interactions, researchers are developing drugs to treat many different neurological
disorders, including pain, neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and
Alzheimer's disease, psychological disorders, addiction, and many others.
Neuropharmacology did not appear in the scientific field until, in the early part of the
20th century, scientists were able to figure out a basic understanding of the nervous system
and how nerves communicate between one another. Before this discovery, there were drugs,
however, that had been found that demonstrated some type of influence on the nervous
system. In the 1930’s, French scientists began working with a compound called
phenothiazine in the hope of synthesizing a drug that would be able to combat malaria.
Though this drug showed very little hope in the use against malaria infected individuals, it
was found to have sedative effects along with what appeared to be beneficial effects toward
patients with Parkinson’s disease. This black box method, where an investigator would
administer a drug and examine the response without knowing how to relate drug action to
patient response, was the main approach to this field, until, in the late 1940s and early
1950s, scientists were able to identify specific neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine
(involved in the constriction of blood vessels and the increase in heart rate and blood
pressure), dopamine (the chemical whose shortage is involved in Parkinson’s disease), and
serotonin (soon to be recognized as deeply connected to depression). In the 1950s, scientists
also became better able to measure levels of specific neurochemicals in the body and thus
correlate these levels with behavior. The invention of the voltage clamp in 1949 allowed for
the study of ion channels and the nerve action potential. These two major historical events
in neuropharmacology allowed scientists not only to study how information is transferred
from one neuron to another, but also how a neuron processes this information within itself.
QUESTIONS
1/
2/
3/
4/
5/
6/

What is neuropharmacology?
How many branches of neuropharmacology are there? What are they?
When did neuropharmacology appear in the scientific field?
When did French scientists begin working with a compound called phenothiazine?
When did scientists identify specific neurotransmitters?
Give examples of neurotransmitters
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UNIT 3
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VOCABULARY
alter /'ɔ:ltә / (v) thay đổi, biến đổi
precise /pri'sais / (a) rõ ràng, chính xác
medicine /'medsn; 'medisn / (n) → medicinal / mә'disinl / (a) medical /'medikl / (a)
government /'gʌvnmәnt / (n) chính phủ
regulation /,regju'lei∫n / (n) điều quy đònh, quy tắc, điều lệ
colloquial / kә'loukwiәl / (a) thông thường
usage /'ju:zidʒ, 'ju:sidʒ / (n) cách sử dụng
pharmacology /,fɑ:mә'kɑlәdʒi / (n) dược lý
diagnosis /,daiәg'nousis / (n) phép chẩn đoán, sự chẩn đoán
otherwise /'ʌđәwaiz / (adv) cách khác
enhance /in'hɑ:ns / (v) làm tăng
well-being /'wel'bi:iη / (n) tình trạng khỏe mạnh
prescribe /pris'kraib / (v) kê toa → prescription / pris'krip∫n / (n) toa thuốc
duration /djuә'rei∫n / (n) khoảng thời gian
regular /'regjulә / (a) liên tục, thường xuyên
basis /'beisis / (n) nền tảng, cơ sở

chronic /'krɔnik / (a) mãn tính >< acute /ә'kju:t / (a) cấp tính
spirit /'spirit / (n) tinh thần → spiritual /'spirit∫uәl / (a)
recreation /,rekri'ei∫n / (n) sự giải trí → recreational /,rekri'ei∫әnl / (a)
therefore /'đeәfɔ:/ (adv) bởi vậy, cho nên
distinguish /dis'tiηgwi∫ / (v)phân biệt
endogenous / ɛnˈdɒdʒɪnәs / (a) nội sinh >< exogenous / ɛkˈsɒdʒɪnәs / (a)
biochemical /,baiou'kemikәl / (n)
synthesize /'sinθisaiz / (v) tổng hợp
nature /'neit∫ә / (n) → natural /'nỉt∫rәl / (a)
blur /blә: / (v) làm mờ
ingest /in'dʒest / (v) ăn vào
affect /ә'fekt / (v) tác động đến
psychoactive /'saikoktiv / (a) tác động đến trí tuệ
experience /iks'piәriәns / (n)
positive /'pɔzәtiv / (a) lạc quan
narcotic /nɑ:'kɔtik / (n)
hallucinogen /hә'lu:sinәdʒen / (n) chất ma túy gây ảo giác
perceive /pә'si:v / (v) nhận thấy
benefit /'benifit / (n) có lợi → benefical /,beni'fi∫әl / (a)
perception /pә'sep∫n / (n) sự nhận thức
consciousness /'kɔn∫әsnis / (n) ý thức
personality /,pә:sә'nỉlәti / (n) nhân cách
behavior /bi'heivjә / (n) hành vi
addict /'ỉdikt / (n) người nghiện → addiction /ә'dik∫n / (n) (to sth) thói nghiện
habituate / hә'bit∫ueit/ (n) tạo cho (ai) thành thói quen → habituation (n)
potential / pә'ten∫l / (n) khả năng, tiềm lực
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legal /'li:gәl / (a) hợp pháp >< illegal /i'li:gәl / (a)
alcohol /'ỉlkәhɔl / (n) → alcoholic /,ỉlkә'hɔlik / (a)
tobacco /tә'bỉkou / (n); caffeine /'kỉfi:in / (n)
category / ˈkỉtɪgәrɪ / (n)
cure / kjuә / (v) chữa bệnh
relieve / ri'li:v / (v) làm dòu đi, làm mất đi
existing / eg'zistiη / (a) đang tồn tại
pre-existing /pri:eg'zistiη/ (a) có trước, tồn tại trước
symptom /'simptәm / (n) triệu chứng
available / ә'veilәbl / (a) sẵn có, có thể dùng được
restriction /ri'strik∫n / (n) sự hạn chế
supervision /,su:pә'viʒn / (n) sự giám sát
distinction / dis'tiηk∫n / (n) sự khác biệt
jurisdiction /,dʒuәris'dik∫n / (n) phạm vi quyền lực pháp lý có thể được thực thi
typically /'tipikli / (adv) điển hình
patent / ˈpeɪtәnt ˈpỉtәnt/ (v) cấp bằng sáng chế
exclusive /iks'klu:siv / (a) duy nhất, độc nhất
derive /di'raiv / (v) lấy được từ
herb / hә:b / (n) thảo mộc → herbal /'hә:bәl / (a)
expire /iks'paiә / (v) kết thúc, hết hiệu lực
generic /dʒi'nerik / (a) name: tên chung >< brand name: tên thương mại, biệt dược
license /'laisәns / (n) sự cho phép

EXERCISE
Complete with the following words:
a. overlap
b. alcohol
e. the use
f. commonly

c. human
g. recreational

d. psychoactive
h. drug abuse

Recreational drug use is ______ of a drug, usually ______, with the intention of
creating or enhancing recreational experience. Such use is controversial, however, often
being considered to be also ______, and it is often illegal. Also, it may ______ with other
uses, such as medicinal (including self medication), performance enhancement, and
entheogenic (spiritual).
Drugs ______ considered capable of recreational use include ______ and tobacco,
and drugs within the scope of the United Nations Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs
and Convention on Psychotropic Substances. The fact that caffeine use may be
considered ______ is often overlooked. Psychopharmacologist Ronald K. Siegel refers to
intoxication as the "fourth drive", arguing that the human instinct to seek mind-altering
substances (psychoactive drugs) has so much force and persistence that it functions like
the ______ desire to satisfy hunger, thirst and the need for shelter.

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UNIT 4
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VOCABULARY
consist in: ở chỗ
intend /in'tend / (v) có ý đònh
antibiotic /,ỉntibai'ɔtik / (n) thuốc kháng sinh

prescribe /pris'kraib / (v) kê toa → prescription / pris'krip∫n / (n) toa thuốc
legal /'li:gәl / (a) hợp pháp >< illegal /i'li:gәl / (a)
alcohol /'ỉlkәhɔl / (n) → alcoholic /,ỉlkә'hɔlik / (a)
tobacco /tә'bỉkou / (n)
Cannabis /'kỉnәbis / (n) ma túy làm từ cây gai dầu
Ecsatasy /'ekstәsi / (n) Chất gây hưng phấn
Amphetamine /ỉm'fetәmi:n / (n) thuốc có tác dụng kích thích
Paracetamol /ˌpỉrәˈsiːtәˌmɒl -ˈsɛtә- /
insulin /'insjulin /
ventolin /´ventɔlin / (n)
misuse /mis'ju:z / (n) sự lạm dụng
recommend /,rekә'mend / (v) khuyên dùng
frequent /'fri:kwәnt / (a) thường xuyên
interval /'intәvәl / (n) khoảng cách (thới gian)
remedy /'remәdi / (n) phương thuốc chữa bệnh
tolerance /'tɔlәrәns / (n) sự lờn thuốc
psychoactive /'saikoktiv / (a) tác động đến trí tuệ
require / ri'kwaiә / (v) đòi hỏi
achieve /ә't∫i:v / (v) đạt được, dành được
occasional / ә'keiʒәnl / (a) thi thoảng, đôi khi
intoxicated /in'tɔksikeitid / (a) say
genetics /dʒi'netiks / (n) di truyền
frequency /'fri:kwәnsi / (n) tần số
psychologial /,saikә'lɔdʒikl / (a) thuộc về tâm lý
physiology /,fizi'ɔlәdʒi / (n) → physiological /,fiziә'lɔdʒikl / (a)
addict /'ỉdikt / (n) người nghiện → addiction /ә'dik∫n / (n) (to sth) thói nghiện
chronic /'krɔnik / (a) mãn tính >< acute /ә'kju:t / (a) cấp tính
pathology / pә'θɔlәdʒi / (n) bệnh lý học → pathological /,pỉθә'lɔdʒikl / (a)
characterize /'kỉriktәraiz / (v) có đặc điểm
generally /'dʒenәrәli / (adv) thường thường

depressant /di'presәnt / (a) thuốc làm dòu, thuốc an thần
barbiturate / bɑ:'bitjurәt / (n)
tranquilizer /'trỉηkwilaizә / (n) thuốc an thần
opiate /'oupiәt / (n) thuốc có thuốc phiện
overpowering /,ouvә'pauәriη / (a) không cưỡng lại được
object /'ɔbdʒikt / (n) đồ vật, vật thể
desire / di'zaiә / (v) mong muốn, ao ước → desirable /di'zaiәrәbl / (a)
repetitive / ri'petәtiv / (a) có tính lặp đi lặp lại
impulsive /im'pʌlsiv / (a) thôi thúc, thúc đẩy
8


-

compulsive /kәm'pʌlsiv / (a) ép buộc, có xu hướng ép buộc
cease /si:s / (v) = stop
abstain / әb'stein / (v) (from sth) kiêng, nhòn
withdrawal /wiđ'drɔ:әl/ symptom /'simptәm / : triệu chứng ngưng thuốc
restlessness /'restlisnis / (n) sự bồn chồn
irritability /,iritә'biliti / (n) tính cáu bẳn, tính dễ cáu
depression /di'pre∫n / (n) sự buồn rầu, sự phiền muộn
disturbance /dis'tә:bәns / (n) sự rối loạn
convulsion /kәn'vʌl∫n / (n) chứng co giật
stimulate /'stimjuleit / (v) kích thích → stimulant /'stimjulәnt / (n) chất kích thích
increase /in'kri:s / (v) làm tăng ; /'inkri:s / (n)
maintain / mein'tein / (v) duy trì
alert / ә'lә:t / (a) tỉnh táo → alertness / ә'lә:tnis / (n)
counteract /,kauntә'rỉkt / (v) chống lại, kháng cự lại
fatigue /fә'ti:g / (n) sự mệt mỏi
euphoria / ju:'fɔ:riә / (n) sự khoan khoái

majority / mә'dʒɔriti / (n) đa số >< minority /mai'nɔriti / (n)
jurisdiction /,dʒuәris'dik∫n / (n) phạm vi quyền lực pháp lý có thể được thực thi
caffeine /'kỉfi:in / (n) ; nicotine /'nikәti:n / (n)
ephedrine /e'fedrin / (n) ; cocaine / kә'kein / (n)
diminish / di'mini∫ / (v) bớt, giảm
drowsy /'drauzi / (a) buồn ngủ → drowsiness /'drauzinis / (n) tình trạng buồn ngủ
calm /kɑ:m / (a) bình tónh
relieve / ri'li:v / (v) làm dòu đi, làm mất đi
symptom /'simptәm / (n) triệu chứng
anxious /'ỉηk∫әs / (a) lo âu, băn khoăn → anxiety /ỉη'zaiәti / (n)
insomnia / in'sɔmniә / (n) chứng mất ngủ
benzodiazepine /benzodai'ỉzip n/

EXERCISE
Complete with the following words:
a. abbreviated b. since
c. available
d. structure e. pronounced
A benzodiazepine (______/ˌbǫnzȅdaɪˈỉzɨp n/, sometimes colloquially referred to as a
"benzo", and often ______ in the literature as a "BZD") is a psychoactive drug whose
core chemical ______ is the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring. The first
benzodiazepine, chlordiazepoxide (Librium), was discovered accidentally by Leo
Sternbach in 1955, and made ______ in 1960 by Hoffmann–La Roche, which has also
marketed diazepam (Valium) ______ 1963.

9


UNIT 5
-

VOCABULARY
tolerance /'tɔlәrәns / (n)
depressant /di'presәnt / (a) thuốc làm dòu, thuốc an thần
classify /'klỉsifai / (v) phân loại → classification /,klỉsifi'kei∫n / (n)
barbiturate / bɑ:'bitjurәt / (n)
synthetic /sin'θetik / (a) >< natural /'nỉt∫rәl / (a)
opiate /'oupiәt / (n) thuốc có thuốc phiện
narcotic /nɑ:'kɔtik / (n)
anesthetic /,ỉnis'θetik / (n) thuốc gây mê, gây tê
tranquilizer /'trỉηkwilaizә / (n) thuốc an thần
alcohol /'ỉlkәhɔl / (n) → alcoholic /,ỉlkә'hɔlik / (a)
withdrawal /wiđ'drɔ:әl/ symptom /'simptәm /
potentiate /pә'ten∫ieit / (v) làm cho có khả năng → potentiation /pәtensi'ei∫l / (n)
intentify /in'tensifai / (v) làm tăng cao lên; intensification (n)
® = Registered Trademark
express / iks'pres / (v) biểu thò
formula /'fɔ:mjulә / (n) công thức; formulae (n) [pl]
antihistamine /,ỉnti'histәmi:n / (n)
additive /'ỉditiv / (a) cộng hưởng
plus / plʌs / (n) cộng >< minus /'mainәs / (n) trừ
desire / di'zaiә / (v) mong muốn, ao ước → desirable /di'zaiәrәbl / (a)
maximum /'mỉksimәm / (a) tối đa >< minimum /'minimәm / (a)
response /ri'spɔns / (n) sự đáp ứng
represent /,repri'zent / (v) trình bày
medical representative /'medikl ,repri'zentәtiv / : trình dược viên
per cent / pә'sent /: %
antagonism /ỉn'tỉgәnizm / (n) sự phản kháng
opposite /'ɔpәzit / (a)
zero /'ziәrou / = nought / nɔ:t / = nil /nil /

LSD /,el es 'di / = Lysergic acid diethylamide: loại ma túy gây ra những ảo giác
Lysergic acid diethylamide / lɪˈsɜːdʒɪk laɪ- ˈỉsɪd dai,eθi ‘leimaid /
stimulate /’stimjuleit / (v) kích thích → stimulant /’stimjulәnt / (n) chất kích thích
counteract /,kauntә’rỉkt / (v) làm mất tác dụng
overdose /’ouvәdous / (n) sử dụng quá liều
hypersensitivity /,haipә:sensi’tiviti / (n) sự quá nhạy cảm với thuốc
hypersensitive /,haipә:’sensitiv / (a)
antibiotic /,ỉntibai’ɔtik / (n) thuốc kháng sinh
allergy /’ỉlәdʒi / (n) dò ứng → allergic /ә’lә:dʒik/ (a)
range /reindʒ / (v) được xếp vào loại
hives / haivz / (n) chứng phát ban
itch / it∫ / (v) ngứa → itchy /’it∫I / (a)
nausea /’nɔ:sjә / (n) → nauseate /’nɔ:sieit / (v)
shock /∫ɔk / (n)
10


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expose /iks’pouz / (v) ; to be exposed to the drug: tiếp xúc với thuốc
adverse /’ỉdvә:s / (a) bất lợi, có hại
individual /,indi’vidjuәl / (n) cá nhân, người
handle /’hỉndl / (v) cầm
pharmacist /’fɑ:mәsist / (n)dược sỹ
veterinarian /,vetәri’neәriәn / (n) bác sỹ thú y
side effect /’said i’fekt / (n) tác dụng phụ
harm / hɑ:m/ (n) → harmful /’hɑ:mful / (a)
other than: except
purpose /’pә:pәs / (n) mục đích
aplastic/eɪˈplỉstɪk / anemia /ә’ni:miә/ (n) thiếu máu ngừng phát triển

consume /kәn’sju:m/ (v) sử dụng → consumption /kәn’sʌmp∫n / (n)

Exercise:
1. A company that produces drugs/medicine is called a _______ company.
pharmacy

pharmaceutical

pharmacist

2. If you've had a _______ to these pills in the past I don't recommend you take them again.
nausea

bad feeling

bad reaction

3. Are you _______ taking any other medication?
right now

currently/presently

present/current

4. You can _______your prescription online or by telephone.
re-order

rearrange

react to

5. I just want to make sure there are no _______ with other medication you might be taking.
interaction(s)

prescription(s)

refills

6. In the United States and Canada, there are many _______ pharmacies. You can pick up
your prescription without even getting out of your car!
driving

drive-by

drive-through

7. A negative reaction = An _______ reaction
adverse

awesome

adept

8. _______ medicine is medicine that you can buy without a prescription.
Over-the-counter

On demand

Overpriced

9. Are there any potential _______ ( = problems) from using the medications together?
correlations

complications

collocations

10. Your prescription usually includes your doctor's _______ on how and when to take a
medication.
infractions

complications

instructions
11


Further reading
Aplastic anemia is a condition where bone marrow does not produce sufficient new cells to
replenish blood cells. The condition, per its name, involves both aplasia /әˈpleɪzɪә/ and
anemia. Typically, anemia refers to low red blood cell counts, but aplastic anemia patients
have lower counts of all three blood cell types: red blood cells, white blood cells, and
platelets, termed pancytopenia.

Signs and symptoms
•
•
•
•

Anemia with malaise, pallor and associated symptoms such as palpitations
Thrombocytopenia /ˌθrɒmbәʊˌsaɪtәʊˈpi:nɪә/(low platelet counts), leading to increased
risk of hemorrhage, bruising and petechiae (petechia: /pǺɑti:kǺə/ n pl -chiae /-kǺɕi:/)
Leukopenia /ˌlu:kәʊˈpi:nɪә/(low white blood cell count), leading to increased risk of
infection
Reticulocytopenia (low reticulocyte counts)

Causes
In many cases, the etiology is considered to be idiopathic (cannot be determined), but one
known cause is an autoimmune disorder in which white blood cells attack the bone marrow.
Aplastic anemia is also sometimes associated with exposure to toxins such as benzene
/ˈbǫnzi:n bǫnˈzi:n/, or with the use of certain drugs, including chloramphenicol
/ˌklɔəræmˈfǫnɪˌkɒl/, carbamazepine /ˌkɑəbәˈmæzәˌpi:n/, felbamate, phenytoin / ˌfǫnɪˈtәʊɪn /,
quinine / kwɪˈni:n (US) ˈkwaɪnaɪn/, and phenylbutazone /ˌfi:naɪlˈbju;tәˌzәʊn/. Many drugs are
associated with aplasia mainly according to case reports but at a very low probability. As an
example, chloramphenicol treatment is followed by aplasia in less than 1 in 40,000
treatment courses, and carbamazepine aplasia is even more rare.
Exposure to ionizing radiation from radioactive materials or radiation-producing devices is
also associated with the development of aplastic anemia.
Aplastic anemia is present in up to 2% of patients with acute viral hepatitis.
In some animals aplastic anemia may have other causes. For example, in the ferret (Mustela
putorius furo) aplastic anemia is caused by estrogen toxicity. This is because female ferrets
are induced ovulators, so mating is required to bring the female out of heat. Intact females,
if not mated, will remain in heat, and after some time the high levels of estrogen will cause
the bone marrow to stop producing red blood cells.
Short-lived aplastic anemia can also be a result of parvovirus infection. In humans the P
antigen (also known as globoside) is the cellular receptor for parvovirus B19 virus that
causes erythema /ǫrɪˈθi:mә/ infectiosum (fifth disease) in children. Parvovirus causes
complete cessation of red blood cell production. In most cases, this goes unnoticed, as red
blood cells live for up to 180 days, and the drop in production does not significantly affect

the total number of circulating red blood cells. In people with conditions where the cells die
early (such as sickle cell disease), however, parvovirus infection can lead to severe anemia.

12


UNIT 6
-

VOCABULARY
develop /di'velәp / (v) → development /di'velәpmәnt / (n)
vital /'vaitl / (a) quan trọng
concern /kәn'sә:n / (n) mối quan tâm
medicine /'medsn; 'medisn / (n) → medicinal / mә'disinl / (a)
economy / i:'kɔnәmi / (n) → economical /,i:kә'nɔmikәl / (a)
politics /'pɔlitiks / (n) → political /pә'litikl/ (a)
implicate /'implikeit / (v) ngụ ý, hàm ý, ám chỉ → implication /,impli'kei∫n / (n)
government /'gʌvnmәnt / (n) chính phủ
regulate /'regjuleit / (v) quy đònh
manufacture /mỉnju'fỉkt∫ә / (v), (n)
consume /kәn'sju:m/ (v) sử dụng → consumer /kәn'sju:mә / (n) người tiêu dùng
prevent /pri'vent / (v)
abuse /ә'bju:s / (n) sự lạm dụng
pharmaceutical /,fɑ:mә'sju:tikәl / (n) dược phẩm
Europe /'juәrәp / (n) → European /,juәrә'pi:әn / (a)
union /'ju:niәn / (n) liên minh
evaluate /i'vỉljueit / (v) đánh giá → evaluation /i,vỉlju'ei∫n / (n)
agency /'eidʒәnsi / (n) cơ quan, sở
establish /is'tỉbli∫ / (v) lập, thành lập, thiết lập
passage /'pỉsidʒ / (n) sự thông qua

Federal /'fedәrәl / (a) (thuộc) liên bang
Act /ỉkt / (n) đạo luật
responsible / ri'spɔnsәbl / (a) trách nhiệm → responsibility /ri,spɔnsә'bilәti / (n)
diet /'daiәt / (n) → dietary /'daiәtәri / (a)
supplement /'sʌplimәnt / (n) phần bổ xung
vaccine /'vỉksi:n / (n)
device / di'vais / (n) dụng cụ
radiate /'reidieit / (v) → radiation /,reidi'ei∫n / (n) phóng xạ
emit /i'mit / (v) phát ra
veterinarian /,vetәri'neәriәn / (n) bác sỹ thú y; veterinary /'vetrinri; 'vetәrineri / (a)
cosmetic / kɔz'metik / (n) mỹ phẩm
guideline /'gaidlain / (n) nguyên tắc chỉ đạo, đường lối chỉ đạo
require / ri'kwaiә / (v) đòi hỏi
fufill /ful'fil / (v) = fulfil / ful'fil / (v) đáp ứng
standard /'stỉndәd / (n) tiêu chuẩn
seek / si:k / (v) tìm kiếm
approve / ә'pru:v / (v) chấp thuận → approval /ә'pru:vәl / (n)
criterion / krai'tiәriәn / (n) [sing] tiêu chuẩn → criteria /krai'tiәriә/ [pl]
extensive / iks'tensiv / (a) có phạm vi rộng
currently /'kʌrәntli / (adv) hiện thời, hiện nay
phase / feiz / (n) giai đoạn, thời kỳ
clinical /'klinikl / (a) (thuộc) lâm sàng
13


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trial /'traiәl / (n) phương pháp thử , phép thử
individual /,indi'vidjuәl / (n) cá nhân, người
obtain / әb'tein / (v) đạt được, thu được, dành được

include / in'klu:d / (v) bao gồm
species /'spi:∫i:z / (n) loài
effective / i'fektiv / (a) có hiệu quả → effectiveness /i'fektivnis / (n)
toxicity / tɔk'sisәti / (n) đặc tính độc, độ độc
dosage /'dousidʒ / (n) liều lượng
intend /in'tend / (v) dự đònh, đònh
range / reindʒ / (n) phạm vi
therapeutics /,θerә'pju:tiks / (n) phép chữa bệnh→ therapeutic /,θerә'pju:tik / (a)
effect / i'fekt / (n) hiệu quả
desire / di'zaiә / (v) mong muốn, ao ước → desirable /di'zaiәrәbl / (a)
outcome /'autkʌm / (n) kết quả
monitor /'mɔnitә / (v) giám sát
determine / di'tә:min / (v) xác đònh
base / beis / (v) bố trí: Where are you based now? Bây giờ anh được bố trí ở đâu?
science /'saiәns / (n) → scientific /,saiәn'tifik / (a)
whereby / weә'bai / (adv) nhờ đó, bởi đó
basis /'beisis / (n) nền tảng, cơ sở
Commission / kә'mi∫n / (n) hội đồng
issue /'isju:/ (v) đưa ra, phát hành
single /'siηgl / (a) riêng rẽ, từng cái một
marketing /'ma:kitiη / (n) sự tiếp thò
authorisation /,ɔ:θәrai'zei∫n / (n) giấy phép, sự cho phép, sự cấp phép
produce / prә'dju:s; prә'du:s / (v) ; /'prɔdju:s; 'prɔdu:s / (n) → product /'prɔdәkt / (n)
mission /'mi∫n / (n) sứ mậnh, nhiệm vụ
promote /prә'mout / (v) xúc tiến, đẩy mạnh
public health /'pʌblik'helθ / (n) y tế
contribute / kәn'tribju:t / (v) đóng góp, góp phần
availability / ә,veilә'biliti / (n) sự có giá trò
stimulate /'stimjuleit / (v) kích thích
develop /di'velәp / (v) → development / di'velәpmәnt / (n)

innovative /'inouveitiv / (a) có tính chất đổi mới, có tính chất sáng kiến
assist / ә'sist / (v) giúp đỡ
procedure / prә'si:dʒә / (n) thủ tục
efficacy /'efikәsi / (n) = efficaciousness /,efi'kei∫әsnis / (n) có hiệu quả
prior /'praiә / (prep) trước khi
constantly /'kɔnstәntli / (adv) luôn luôn, liên tục
once /wʌns/ (conjunction) khi mà, ngay khi, một khi
basic /'beisik / (a) cơ bản, căn bản
legislate /'ledʒisleit / (v) lập pháp → legislation /,ledʒis'lei∫n / (n)
adapt / ә'dỉpt / (v) làm thích ứng
progress /'prougres / (n) sự tiến bộ ; /prә'gres/ (v) tiến tới, tiến bộ
14


-

competition /,kɔmpi'ti∫n / (n) sự cạnh tranh
prospect /'prɔspekt / (n) triển vọng ; / prә'spekt/ (v) thăm dò
therapy /'θerәpi / (n) liệu pháp
enlarge /in'lɑ:dʒ/ (v) → enlargement /in'lɑ:dʒmәnt/ (n) phần mở rộng
access /'ỉkses / (v) tiếp cận với
grant / grɑ:nt / (v) đồng ý cho, cho phép
centralise /'sentrәlaiz / (v) tập trung
consequently /'kɔnsikwәntli / (adv) do đó, vì vậy, bởi vậy
essential / i'sen∫әl / (a) chủ yếu
Further reading:

Lysergic acid diethylamide, abbreviated LSD or LSD-25, also known as lysergide and
colloquially as acid, is a semisynthetic psychedelic drug of the ergoline family, well known
for its psychological effects which can include altered thinking processes, closed and open eye

visuals, synaesthesia, an altered sense of time and spiritual experiences, as well as for its key
role in 1960s counterculture. It is used mainly as an entheogen, recreational drug, and as an
agent in psychedelic therapy. LSD is non-addictive, is not known to cause brain damage, and
has extremely low toxicity relative to dose.
LSD was first synthesized by Albert Hofmann in 1938 from ergotamine, a chemical
derived by Arthur Stoll from ergot, a grain fungus that typically grows on rye. The short form
"LSD" comes from its early code name LSD-25, which is an abbreviation for the German
"Lysergsäure-diethylamid" followed by a sequential number. LSD is sensitive to oxygen,
ultraviolet light, and chlorine, especially in solution, though its potency may last for years if it
is stored away from light and moisture at low temperature. In pure form it is a colorless,
odorless, and mildly bitter solid. LSD is typically delivered orally, usually on a substrate such
as absorbent blotter paper, a sugar cube, or gelatin. In its liquid form, it can also be
administered by intramuscular or intravenous injection. LSD is very potent, with 20–30 µg
(micrograms) being the threshold dose.
Introduced by Sandoz Laboratories, with trade-name Delysid, as a drug with various
psychiatric uses in 1947, LSD quickly became a therapeutic agent that appeared to show great
promise. In the 1950s the CIA thought it might be applicable to mind control and chemical
warfare; the agency's MKULTRA research program propagated the drug among young
servicemen and students. The subsequent recreational use of the drug by youth culture in the
Western world during the 1960s led to a political firestorm that resulted in its prohibition.
Currently, a number of organizations—including the Beckley Foundation, MAPS, Heffter
Research Institute and the Albert Hofmann Foundation—exist to fund, encourage and
coordinate research into the medicinal and spiritual uses of LSD and related psychedelics.
1/ What is LSD?
2/ When was LSD first synthesized?
3/ What is ergotamine?
4/ How is LSD administered?
5/ What is Delysid?
6/ What does the CIA think of LSD?

15


UNIT 7
Vocabulary
medicine / ˈmɛdɪsɪn ˈmɛdsɪn / (n); medicinal / mɛˈdɪsɪnәl / (a); medical /ˈmɛdɪkәl/ (a)
powerful /ˈpaʊәfʊl/ (n)
substance /ˈsʌbstәns/ (n)
dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒәrәs/ (a)
pharmacy /'fɑ:mәsi / (n) = drugstore / 'drʌgstɔ:/ nhaø thuoác
supermarket / ˈsuːpәˌmɑːkɪt / (n)
proper / ˈprɒpә / (a) properly / ˈprɒpәli / (adv)
overcome /ˌәʊvәˈkʌm / (v)
percent / pәˈsɛnt / (adv); percentage / pәˈsɛntɪdʒ / (n)
prescribe /prɪˈskraɪb / (v); prescription /prɪˈskrɪpʃәn / (n)
different /ˈdɪfәrәnt ˈdɪfrәnt / (a); difference /ˈdɪfәrәns ˈdɪfrәns / (n)
chemistry /ˈkɛmɪstrɪ / (n); chemical /ˈkɛmɪkәl / (a)
pharmacist /ˈfɑːmәsɪst / (n)
symptom / ˈsɪmptәm / (n)
diet / ˈdaɪәt / (n); dietary /ˈdaɪәtәrɪ -trɪ / (a)
supplement /ˈsʌplɪmәnt / (n) phần bổ sung
allergy /ˈælәdʒɪ / (n); allergic / әˈlɜːdʒɪk / (a)
sensitive /ˈsɛnsɪtɪv/ (a) ; sensitivity /ˌsɛnsәˈtɪvәtɪ / (n)
exercise /ˈɛksәˌsaɪz/ (n)
weight /weɪt/ (n); to lose weight >< to gain/ put on weight
pregnant /ˈprɛgnәnt/ (a); pregnancy /ˈprɛgnәnsɪ/ (n)
breastfeed /ˈbrestˌfiːd/ (v) >< bottlefeed /ˈbɔtl ˌfiːd/ (v)
instruct /ɪnˈstrʌkt/ (v) ; instruction /ɪnˈstrʌkʃәn/ (n)
label / ˈleɪbәl/ (n): on the label
rough /rʌf/ (a)

absorb /әbˈsɔːb -ˈzɔːb/ (v); absorption /әbˈsɔːpʃәn -ˈzɔːp-/ (n)
strong /strɒŋ/ (a); strength /strɛŋθ/ (n)
at full strength = with all the best effects
a range of beers with different strengths (= with different amounts of alcohol in them)
He pushed against the rock with all his strength
digest /dɪˈdʒɛst daɪ-/ (v); digestive /dɪˈdʒɛstɪv daɪ-/ (a); digestion /dɪˈdʒɛstʃәn daɪ-/ (n)
effect /ɪˈfɛkt/ (n); effective /ɪˈfɛktɪv/ (a)
upset /ʌpˈsɛt/ (v); irritate /ˈɪrɪˌteɪt/ (v)
stomach /ˈstʌmәk/ (n); stomachache /ˈstʌmәkˌeɪk/ (n)
minimize /ˈmɪnɪˌmaɪz/ (v)
prevent sth/sb from doing sth
substitute /ˈsʌbstɪˌtjuːt/ (v)
swallow /'swɔl / (v)
chew /tʃuː / (v) ; chewing gum /tʃuːiɳgʌm / (n)
feature /ˈfiːtʃә/ (n)
germ /dʒɜːm/ (n)
resistant /rɪˈzɪstәnt/ (a); resistance /rɪˈzɪstәns/ (n)
16


Unit 8
Vocabulary
customer /ˈkʌstәmә/ (n)
medicine / ˈmɛdɪsɪn ˈmɛdsɪn / (n); medicinal / mɛˈdɪsɪnәl / (a); medical /ˈmɛdɪkәl/ (a)
include / ɪnˈkluːd/ (v)
alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːnәtɪv/ (n)
side effect /'said i'fekt / (n)
store /stɔː / (v) cất giữ; storage /ˈstɔːrɪdʒ / (n)
continue /kәnˈtɪnjuː / (v)
affect /әˈfɛkt/ (v)

proper / ˈprɒpә / (a) properly / ˈprɒpәli / (adv)
pleasant / ˈplɛzәnt / (a) >< unpleasant /ʌnˈplɛzәnt /(a)
prescribe /prɪˈskraɪb / (v); prescription /prɪˈskrɪpʃәn / (n)
recommend /ˌrɛkәˈmɛnd/ (v) khuyên dùng
double / ˈdʌbәl / (v) To be twice as much as
overdose / ˈәʊvәˌdәʊs / (n) an excessive dose; / әʊvәˈdәʊs / (v) to take an excessive dose or
give an excessive dose to.; over dosage / ˈәʊvә ˈdәʊsɪdʒ / (n)
excessive / ɪkˈsɛsɪv / (a) dư thừa, quá mức
people / ˈpiːpәl / (n) ; pupil / ˈpjuːpl / (n)
symptom / ˈsɪmptәm / (n) triệu chứng
similar / ˈsɪmɪlә / (a) ; similarity / ˌsɪmәˈlærɪti / (n)
pharmacist / ˈfɑːmәsɪst / (n)
classify / ˈklæsɪˌfaɪ / (v) ; classification / ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃәn /(n)
actually / ˈæktʃʊәlɪ / (adv)
medication / ˌmɛdɪˈkeɪʃәn / (n)
present / prɪˈzɛnt / (v) trình bày, bộc lộ ; /ˈprɛzәnt / (n) a gift
nature /ˈneɪtʃә/ (n); natural /ˈnætʃrәl -tʃәrәl/ (a)
course / kɔːs / (n) tiến trình, quá trình diễn biến
complicated /ˈkɒmplɪˌkeɪtɪd/ (a) phức tạp >< uncomplicated /ʌnˈkɒmplɪˌkeɪtɪd/ (a) đơn giản
cure / kjʊә / (v) chữa cho khỏi bệnh
sore throat / sɔː θrәʊt / (n)
treat / triːt / (v) điều trị ; treatment / ˈtriːtmәnt / (n)
usually / ˈjuːʒʊәlɪ / (adv)
virus / ˈvaɪrәs / (n); bacterium /bækˈtɪәrɪәm /(n)[sing], bacteria / bækˈtɪәrɪә / [pl]
bactericide / bækˈtɪәrɪˌsaɪd / (n) thuốc diệt khuẩn
bactericidal / bæktɪәrɪˈsaɪdәl / (a)
bacteriostasis / bækˌtɪәrɪәʊˈsteɪsɪs -ˈstæsɪs / (n) sự kìm khuẩn;
bacteriostatic /bækˌtɪərɪəʊˈstætɪk/ adj
antibiotic / ˌæntɪbaɪˈɒtɪk / (n)
cough / kɒf / (n, v);

secrete / siˈkriːt/ (v); secretion / sɪˈkriːʃәn / (n)
distressing / dɪˈstrɛsɪŋ / (a) làm cho khó chịu
remedy / ˈrɛmɪdɪ / (n) any drug or agent that cures a disease or controls its symptoms
instill / ɪnˈstɪl / US instill (v) nhỏ, rỏ (mắt, mũi, tai)
occasional / әˈkeɪʒәnәl / (a)
relieve / rɪˈliːv / (v) ; relief / rɪˈliːf / (n)
17


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anti-anxiety /ˌæntɪæŋˈzaɪәtɪ/ (n)
allergy /ˈælәdʒɪ / (n); allergic / әˈlɜːdʒɪk / (a)
rhinitis /raɪˈnaɪtɪs/ (n) viêm mũi
adult / ˈædʌlt әˈdʌlt / (n)
abdomen / ˈæbdәmәn æbˈdәʊ- / (n) bụng ; abdominal / æbˈdɒmәnl/ (a)
headache / ˈhɛdˌeɪk / (n)
origin / ˈɒrɪdʒɪn / (n) ; original / әˈrɪdʒɪnәl/(a)
package / ˈpækɪdʒ/ (n)
moisture / ˈmɔɪstʃә / (n) hơi ẩm
resume / rɪˈzjuːm / (v) bắt đầu lại, tiếp tục lại
schedule /ˈʃɛdjuːl (also, esp US) ˈskɛdʒʊәl/ (n)
steroid / ˈstɪәrɔɪd ˈstɛr- / (n); steroidal / ˈstɛrɔɪdәl / (a)
non-steroid / nɔn ˈstɪәrɔɪd, nɔnˈstɛr- / (n); non-steroidal / nɔn ˈstɛrɔɪdәl / (a)
anti-inflammatory / ˌænti ɪnˈflæmәˌtɔri, -ˌtoʊri, ˌæntaɪ- / (a)
bad / worse /wɜːs / / worst /wɜːst / >< good / better / best
generic / dʒɪˈnɛrɪk / (a)
analgesic /ˌænәlˈdʒiːzɪk -sɪk / (a) giảm đau; antipyretic / ˌæntɪpaɪˈrɛtɪk / (a) hạ nhiệt

SYNONYMS

Consist of: Comprise / make up / constitute / be composed of / be comprised of / compose
All these words mean to be formed from the things or people mentioned, or to be the parts that
form sth.
Consist of sb/sth to be formed from the things, people or activities mentioned: Their diet
consists largely of vegetables.
Comprise (rather formal) to be formed from the things or people mentioned: The collection
comprises 327 paintings.
NOTE
Comprise can also be used to refer to the parts or members of sth: Older people comprise a
large proportion of those living in poverty. However, this is less frequent.
Make up sth (rather informal) to be the parts or people that form sth: Women make up 56%
of the student numbers.
Constitute to be the parts or people that form sth: People under the age of 40 constitute the
majority of the labour force.
Be composed of sb/sth (rather formal) to be formed from the things or people mentioned:
Around 15% of our diet is composed of protein.
Be comprised of sb/sth to be formed from the things or people mentioned: The committee is
comprised of representatives from both the public and private sectors.
NOTE
Some people consider this usage incorrect, and prefer to use the active verb comprise.
Compose (formal) to be the parts of people that form sth: Christians compose around 2.5%
of the country's population.
Which word?
Consist of sb/sth is the most general of these words and the only one that can be used for
activities with the -ing form of a verb: My work at that time just consisted of typing letters.
The other main difference is between those verbs that take the whole as the subject and the
parts as the object: The group consists of / comprises / is made up of / is composed of / is
comprised of ten people. and those that take the parts as the subject and the whole as the
18

object: Ten people make up / constitute / comprise / compose the group. It is not correct to
use ‘comprises of’ or ‘is composed by / from‘.
Unit 9
Vocabulary and structure:
tip /tip/ (n) lời khuyên
medicine / ˈmɛdɪsɪn ˈmɛdsɪn / (n); medicinal / mɛˈdɪsɪnәl / (a); medical /ˈmɛdɪkәl/ (a)
proper / ˈprɒpә / (a) properly / ˈprɒpәli / (adv)
guideline /ˈgaɪdˌlaɪn/ (n) nguyên tắc chỉ đạo
bathroom /ˈbɑːθˌruːm -ˌrʊm/ (n)
kitchen sink /ˈkɪtʃɪn sɪŋk /(n) a sink in a kitchen for washing dishes, vegetables, etc.
damp /dæmp/ (a) = moist /mɔɪst/ (a); moisture /ˈmɔɪstʃә/ (n)
refrigerate /rɪˈfrɪdʒәˌreɪt/ (v) làm lạnh; refrigerator /rɪˈfrɪdʒәˌreɪtә/ (n)
fridge /frɪdʒ/ (n); fridge-freezer / frɪdʒ ˈfriːzә/
outdated /ˌaʊtˈdeɪtɪd / (a) = expired /ɪkˈspaɪәd / (a)
luggage /ˈlʌgɪdʒ / (n) = baggage /ˈbægɪdʒ / (n) [US]
adequate /ˈædɪkwɪt / (a) = sufficient /sәˈfɪʃәnt / (a) = enough /ɪˈnʌf / (a)
inadequate /ɪnˈædɪkwɪt / (a) = insufficient /ˌɪnsәˈfɪʃәnt / (a) = deficient /dɪˈfɪʃәnt / (a)
available /әˈveɪlәbәl/ (a)
prescribe /prɪˈskraɪb / (v); prescription /prɪˈskrɪpʃәn / (n)
side effect /'said i'fekt / (n)
intended /ɪnˈtɛndɪd/ (a) >< unwanted /ʌnˈwɒntɪd/ (a)
possible /ˈpɒsɪbәl/ (a) ; possibly /ˈpɒsɪblɪ/ (adv) ; possibility /ˌpɒsɪˈbɪlɪtɪ/ (n)
therapy /ˈθɛrәpɪ/ (n)
effect /ɪˈfɛkt/ (n); effective /ɪˈfɛktɪv/ (a)
right /raɪt/ (a) >< wrong /rɒŋ/ (a)
actually /ˈæktʃʊәlɪ/ (adv) really
bad / bæd / / worse / wɜːs / / worst / wɜːst />< good / gʊd / / better / ˈbɛtә / / best / bɛst /
versus /ˈvɜːsәs/ (prep) đối với
come in: thấy ở (dạng)

generally /ˈdʒɛnrәlɪ/ (adv) usually
ingredient /ɪnˈgriːdɪәnt/ (n) thành phần
amount /әˈmaʊnt/ (n) số lượng
sensitive /ˈsɛnsɪtɪv/ (a) ; sensitivity /ˌsɛnsәˈtɪvәtɪ / (n)
sunburn /ˈsʌnˌbɜːn/ (n) ; sunburnt /ˈsʌnˌbɜːnt/ (a) = sunburned / ˈsʌnˌbɜːnd / (a)
rash / ræ∫/ (n) chứng phát ban
in case (something happens): in the event that something takes place.
E.g.: She carries an umbrella in case it rains.
I have some aspirin in my office in case I get a headache.
He keeps a fire extinguisher in his car, just in case.

19


UNIT 10
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VOCABULARY
medicine /'medsn; 'medisn / (n) → medicinal / mә'disinl / (a)
prescribe /pris'kraib / (v) kê toa → prescription / pris'krip∫n / (n) toa thuốc
relieve /ri'li:v / (v) pain: giảm đau
pain-killer /'pein,kilә / (n) = pain reliever / pein ri'li:vә /: thuốc giảm đau
antihistamine /,ỉnti'histәmi:n / (n)
decongestant /'di:kәn'dʒestәnt / (n) thuốc làm thông mũi, chống nghẹt mũi
cough medicine /kɒf'medisn / (n)
headache / ˈhɛdˌeɪk / (n)
muscle ache / ˈmʌsəlˌeɪk / (n) ≈ myalgia / maɪˈỉldʒɪә / (n)
arthritis / ɑ:'θraitis / (n) chứng viêm khớp

surgery /'sә:dʒәri / (n) phẫu thuật
injure /'indʒә / (v) → injury / ˈɪndʒәrɪ / (n)
backache / ˈbỉkˌeɪk / (n) đau lưng = back pain / ˈbỉkˌpeɪn / (n)
advantage /әd'vɑ:ntidʒ / (n) >< disadvantage /,disәd'vɑ:ntidʒ / (n) = risk
respond / ri'spɔnd / (v) phản ứng lại → response /ri'spɔns/ (n)
steroid /'sterɔid,'stiәrɔid /(n) → steroidal /'sterɔidәl /(a) >< nonsteroidal /,nɔn'sterɔidәl/ (a)
anti-inflammatory /,ỉntiin'flỉmәtәri / (a) kháng viêm, chống viêm
acetaminophen /әˌsi:tәˈmɪnȅfɪn/
prostaglandin /ˌprɒstәˈglỉndɪn / (n)
chemical /'kemikl / (n)
irritate /'iriteit / (v) kích thích
trigger /'trigә / (v) gây ra
aspirin /'ỉspәrin / (n)
ibuprofen /ˈaɪbju:proʊfǫn/ or /aɪbju:ˈproʊfәn/ (n)
rheumatoid /'ru:mәtɔid / (a) dạng thấp khớp
degenerative / di'dʒenәrәtive / (a) thoái hóa
naproxen /nәˈprɒksәn/ (n) ; ketoprofen /kitɒˈprɔkfәn/ (n)
dysmenorrhea /dismenә 'riә / (n) sự đau bụng máu
osteoarthritis / ˌɒstɪәʊɑːˈθraɪtɪs/ (n) bệnh viêm khớp xương mãn tính
side effect /'said i'fekt / (n) tác dụng phụ
gastrointestinal /ˌgỉstrәʊɪnˈtɛstɪnәl / (a) thuộc dạ dày – ruột
experience / iks'piәriәns / (v)
chance / t∫ɑ:ns / (n) rủi ro
variety / vә'raiәti / (n) nhiều loại
range / reindʒ / (v) xếp loại
reversible / ri'vә:sәbl / (a) có khả năng phục hồi, đảo nghòch
permanent /'pә:mәnәnt / (a) >< impermanent /im'pә:mәnәnt /
temporary /'temprәri/ (a)
interfere /,intә'fiә / (v) gây trở ngại
pose /pouz/ (v) gây ra

juvenile /'dʒu:vәnail / (a) vò thành niên, thanh thiếu niên
20


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-

rheumatic fever / ru:'mỉtik'fi:vә / (n) sốt thấp khớp
paracetamol INN (/ˌpỉrәˈsiːtәmɒl / or /ˌpỉrәˈsɛtәmɒl/),
acetaminophen USAN /әˌsiːtәˈmɪnәfɨn/
Tylenol / ˈtaɪlәnɒl /
caffeine / ˈkỉfiːn; ˈkỉfɪˌiːn / (n)
codeine / ˈkәʊdiːn / (n)
analgesic /,ỉnỉl'dʒesik / (n) thuốc giảm đau
nephropathy / ne'frɔpәθi / (n) bệnh thận; nephritis /nәˈfraɪtɪs/ (n)
analgesic nephropathy: interstitial /,intә'sti∫әl/ (kẽ) nephritis with renal papillary /pә'pilәri /
(hình nhú) necrosis / nɛˈkrәʊsɪs / (sự hoại tử), seen with abuse of analgesics such as aspirin
or acetaminophen
serious /ˈsɪәrɪәs/ (a) = severe /sɪˈvɪә/ (a) >< mild /maɪld/ (a)
decade /'dekeid / (n) thập niên
hypersensitivity /,haipә:sensi'tiviti / (n) sự nhạy cảm với dược phẩm nào đó
induce / ɪnˈdjuːs / (v) gây ra (to cause or bring about)
expose / ɪkˈspәʊz / (v) phơi ra ; exposure / ɪkˈspәʊʒә / (n)
particular /pәˈtɪkjʊlә/ (a) riêng biệt
antigen /ˈỉntɪdʒәn; -ˌdʒɛn/ (n) sinh ra kháng thể, kháng ngun
antibody /ˈỉntɪˌbɒdɪ/ (n) kháng thể
allergen /ˈỉlәˌdʒәn, -ˌdʒɛn/ (n) chất gây dị ứng, dị ứng ngun
inflame /ɪnˈfleɪm/ (v) làm sưng tấy, làm viêm; inflammation /ˌɪnflәˈmeɪʃәn/ (n)
larynx /ˈlỉrɪŋks/ (n) thanh quản; larynges / lәˈrɪndʒiːz/ [pl]

pharynx /ˈfỉrɪŋks/ (n) pharynges /fỉˈrɪndʒiːz/ [pl] ≈ throat /θrәʊt/ (hầu, họng)
tonsil /ˈtɒnsәl/ (n) amidan
otalgia / ә'tỉldʒiә / (n) đau tai [ot(o)-=ear, -algia- pain] = earache / ˈɪәrˌeɪk/ (n)
gastralgia / gỉsˈtrỉldʒɪә / (n) = stomachache / ˈstʌmәkˌeɪk / (n)
stomatalgia /,stɔmә'tỉldʒɪә/ (n) pain in the mouth
malaise /mỉˈleɪz/ (n) khó chịu
chill /tʃɪl/ (n) sự ớn lạnh
belly / ˈbɛlɪ/ (n) = abdomen /ˈỉbdәmәn; ỉbˈdәʊ- / (n) bụng; abdominal / ỉbˈdɒmәnl/ (a)
pelvis / ˈpɛlvɪs / (n) xương chậu
synonym / ˈsɪnәnɪm / (n) từ đồng nghĩa; synonymous /sɪˈnɒnɪmәs / (a)
trauma / ˈtraʊmә, ˈtrɔ- / (n) = bodily injury / ˈɪndʒәrɪ / or wound / wuːnd / (n) vết thương
stiff /stɪf/ (a) cứng ngắc, ngay đơ ; stiffness /stɪfnis/ (n)
metabolism / mә'tỉbәlizm/ (n) sự chuyển hóa → metabolic /,metә'bɔlik / (a)
metabolite /mә'tỉbәlait / (n) chất chuyển hóa
detoxify / diːˈtɒksɪˌfaɪ / (v) giải độc; detoxification / diˌtɒksәfɪˈkeɪʃәn / (n)
operate / ˈɒpәˌreɪt / (v) to perform a surgical operation (upon a person or animal)
operative / ˈɒpәrәtɪv / procedure / prәˈsiːdʒә /: thao tác phẫu thuật
streptococcus /,streptә'kɔkәs/(n) khuẩn liên cầu; streptococci /,streptә'kɔkai / [pl]
nausea / ˈnɔːzɪә; -sɪә / (n) buồn ói; nauseate / ˈnɔːzɪˌeɪt; -sɪ- / (v)
stomach cramps /ˈstʌmәk krỉmps / (n) [pl] severe abdominal pain
vomit / ˈvɒmɪt / (v); vomiting / ˈvɒmɪtiη / (n)
21


UNIT 11
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VOCABULARY
antihistamine /,ỉnti'histәmi:n / (n)
trigger /'trigә / (v) gây ra

diphenhydramine / ˌdaɪfɛnˈhaɪdrәmiːn / (n)
brompheniramine / ˌbrɒmfɛˈnɪrәmiːn / (n)
chlorpheniramine / ˌklɔfɛˈnɪrәmiːn / (n)
sedation / sɪˈdeɪʃәn / (n) sự an thần; sedative / ˈsɛdәtɪv / (a,n) thuốc an thần
drowsy / ˈdraʊzɪ / (a) buồn ngủ; drowsiness / ˈdraʊzɪnis / (n)
significantly /sɪgˈnɪfɪkәntli / (adv) đáng kể
machinery / mәˈʃiːnәrɪ / (n) máy móc
temporary / ˈtɛmpәrәrɪ; ˈtɛmprәrɪ / (a) tạm thời ; temporarily / ˈtɛmprәrɪlɪ / (adv)
decongestant /'di:kәn'dʒestәnt / (n) thuốc làm thông mũi, chống nghẹt mũi
shrink / ʃrɪŋk / (v) co lại
pseudoephedrine / ˌsjuːdәʊˈɛfɪˌdriːn; -ˌdrɪn/ /ˌsjuːdoʊ.ɨˈfɛdrɪn/ (n)
nervousness / ˈnɜːvәsnis / (n) sự bồn chồn; dizziness / ˈdɪzɪnis/ (n) sự chống váng
appetite / ˈỉpɪˌtaɪt / (n) a desire for food or drink (sự thèm ăn)
retain / rɪˈteɪn / (v) giữ lại, ứ lại; urine /ˈjʊәrɪn/ (n) nước tiểu
palpitate /ˈpỉlpɪˌteɪt/ (v) (tim) đđập nhanh; palpitation /ˌpỉl pɪˈteɪ ʃәn/ (n)
antitussive /ˌỉntɪˈtʌsɪv/ (n) thuốc ho = cough suppressant / kɒf sәˈprɛsәnt/ (n)
expectorant / ɪkˈspɛktәrәnt / (n) thuốc long đàm
guaifenesin / gwaɪˈfɛnɨsɪn / (n)
sputum / ˈspjuːtәm / (n) đờm; viscosity / vɪsˈkɒsɪtɪ / (n) tính sền sệt
codeine / ˈkәʊdiːn / (n); narcotic / nɑːˈkɒtɪk / (n); alkaloid / ˈỉlkәˌlɔɪd / (n)
opium / ˈәʊpɪәm / (n); morphine / ˈmɔːfiːn / (n)
nausea / ˈnɔːzɪә; -sɪә / (n) buồn ói; nauseate / ˈnɔːzɪˌeɪt; -sɪ- / (v)
dextromethorphan / ˌdekstrɒmә′thɔːfỉn/ (n)
analgesic /ˌỉnәlˈdʒiːzɪk;-sɪk/(a) làm giảm đau; antipyretic /ˌỉntɪpaɪˈrɛtɪk/ (a) làm hạ nhiệt
confusion /kәnˈfjuːʒәn/ (n) sự bối rối; agitation /ˌỉdʒɪˈteɪʃәn/ (n) sự lo âu
irritability /,iritә'biliti / (n) tính dễ cáu, tính cáu kỉnh
process /ˈprɒsɛs /; esp. Brit./ ˈproʊsɛs / (n) q trình, quy trình; (v) sử lý, chế biến
process / prә'ses / (v) đi trong đám rước; diễu hành
metabolism / mә'tỉbәlizm/ (n) sự chuyển hóa → metabolic /,metә'bɔlik / (a)
metabolite /mә'tỉbәlait / (n) chất chuyển hóa

frequently / ˈfrikwәntli / (adv)
alcohol /'ỉlkәhɔl /(n); alcoholic /,ỉlkә'hɔlik / (a)
beverage / ˈbɛvәrɪdʒ; ˈbɛvrɪdʒ/ (n) đồ uống
consume / kәnˈsjuːm/ (v) tiêu dùng; consumer / kәnˈsjuːmә/ (n)
consult / kәnˈsʌlt / (v) hỏi ý kiến / ˈkɒn sʌlt, kәnˈsʌlt /(n); consultant / kәnˈsʌltәnt/ (n) cố vấn
physician / fɪˈzɪʃ ən/ (n) bác sỹ
acetaminophen USAN /әˌsiːtәˈmɪnәfɨn/
minimize / ˈmɪnɪˌmaɪz/ (v) >< maximize / ˈmỉksɪˌmaɪz/ (v)
recommend / ˌrɛkәˈmɛnd/ (v); recommendation / ˌrɛkәmɛnˈdeɪʃәn -mәn- / (n)
22


UNIT 12
-

VOCABULARY
particular /pәˈtɪkjʊlә/ (a); particularly / pәˈtɪkjʊlәli / (adv)
liable / ˈlaɪәbәl / (a) rất có thể (làm cái gì)
side effect / saɪd ɪˈfɛkt / (n)
tip / tɪp / (n) lời khun
special / ˈspɛʃәl / (a)
population / pɒpjʊˈleɪʃәn / (n) dân cư, nhóm người
pregnant / ˈprɛgnәnt / (a); pregnancy / ˈprɛgnәnsɪ / (n)
breastfeed / ˈ brɛst ˌfiːd / (v) >< bottlefeed / ˈbɒtәl ˌfiːd / (v)
urge / ɜːdʒ / (v) thúc dục
parent / ˈpɛәrәnt, ˈpỉr- / (n)
especially / ɪˈspɛʃәlɪ / (adv) đặc biệt là
serious /ˈsɪәrɪәs/ (a) = severe /sɪˈvɪә/ (a) >< mild /maɪld/ (a)
fatal /ˈfeɪtәl / (a) tai hại, chết người ≈ mortal / ˈmɔːtәl / (a)
adverse / ˈỉdvɜːs; ỉdˈvɜːs / (a) bất lợi, có hại

event / ɪˈvɛnt / (n) trường hợp ≈ incident; even / ˈiːvәn / (adv)
ingredient / ɪnˈgriːdɪәnt / (n) thành phần
medicine /'medsn; 'medisn / (n) → medicinal / mә'disinl / (a); medical / ˈmɛdɪkәl/ (a)
proper / ˈprɒpә/ (a); properly / ˈprɒpәli / (adv) một cách hợp lý
acetaminophen USAN /әˌsiːtәˈmɪnәfɨn/
allergy /’ỉlәdʒi / (n) dò ứng → allergic /ә’lә:dʒik/ (a)
aspirin /'ỉspәrin / (n); ibuprofen /ˈaɪbju:proʊfǫn/ or /aɪbju:ˈproʊfәn/ (n)
asthma / ˈỉzmә, ˈỉs- / (n); asthmatic / ỉzˈmỉtɪk, ỉs- / (a)
bad / bỉd / / worse / wɜːs / / worst / wɜːst />< good / gʊd / / better / ˈbɛtә / / best / bɛst /
risk / rɪsk / (n) sự rủi ro, sự nguy hiểm
Reye’s syndrome / raɪz ˈsɪndrәʊm; reɪz ˈsɪndrәʊm / (n)
permanent / ˈpɜːmәnәnt / (a) vĩnh viễn >< temporary / ˈtɛmpәrәrɪ; ˈtɛmprәrɪ / (a)
injure /'indʒә / (v) → injury / ˈɪndʒәrɪ / (n)
decongestant /'di:kәn'dʒestәnt / (n) thuốc làm thông mũi, chống nghẹt mũi
advisable / әdˈvaɪzәbәl/ (a) nên
extreme / ɪkˈstriːm / (a) vơ cùng; extremely / ɪkˈstriːmlɪ/ (adv)
recommend / ˌrɛkәˈmɛnd/ (v); recommendation / ˌrɛkәmɛnˈdeɪʃәn -mәn- / (n)
cough suppressant / kɒf sәˈprɛsәnt/ (n) = antitussive /ˌỉntɪˈtʌsɪv/ (n) thuốc ho
codeine / ˈkәʊdiːn / (n)
liquid / ˈlɪkwɪd/ (a); semisolid / ˌsɛmɪˈsɒlɪd/ (a); solid / ˈsɒlɪd/ (a)
measure / ˈmɛʒә / (v); measurement / ˈmɛʒәmәnt/ (n) số đo
teaspoon / ˈtiːˌspuːn/ (n); tablespoon / ˈteɪbәlˌspuːn/ (n)
syringe /ˈsɪrɪndʒ; sɪˈrɪndʒ/ (n); milliliter /ˈmɪlɪˌli:tә(r)/ (n); liter /ˈli:tә(r)/ (n)
countertop /ˈkaʊn tә ˌtɒp / (n) mặt tủ
choke /tʃәʊk/ (v) nghẹt thở
pathology /pәˈθɒlәdʒɪ/ (n) bệnh lý họcpat; pathologist / pәˈθɒlәdʒɪst/ (n)
encephalopathy / ɛnˌsɛfәˈlɒpәθi / (n) bệnh về não
infiltrate / ˈɪnfɪlˌtreɪt / (v) thâm nhiễm; infiltration / ˌɪnfɪlˈtreɪʃәn / (n)
23

UNIT 13
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VOCABULARY
potential / pәˈtɛnʃәl/ (a) tiềm tang; potentially / pәˈtɛnʃәli / (adv)
pseudoephedrine / ˌsjuːdәʊˈɛfɪˌdriːn; -ˌdrɪn/ /ˌsjuːdoʊ.ɨˈfɛdrɪn/ (n)
glaucoma / glɔˈkoʊ mә, glaʊ- / (n) tăng nhãn áp; glaucomatous / glɔˈkoʊ mәtәs / (a)
beta-blocker /'bi:tә,blɔkә / (n) thuốc chẹn thụ thể beta
antidepressant /ˌæntɪdɪˈprɛsәnt / (n) thuốc chống trầm cảm
seizure / ˈsiːʒә / (n) động kinh
isocarboxazid / ˌaɪsәʊkɑ: ′bɔksәzɪd / (n)
phenelzine sulfate /ˌfɛnәl′ziːn ˈsʌl feɪt/ (n)
tranylcypromine sulfate /ˌ tranil´si prɔ main ˈsʌl feɪt / (n)
dextromethorphan / ˌdekstrɒmә′θɔːfæn/ (n)
interfere / ˌɪntәˈfɪә / (v) cản trở
pregnant / ˈprɛgnәnt / (a); pregnancy / ˈprɛgnәnsɪ / (n)
guideline /ˈgaɪdˌlaɪn/ (n) nguyên tắc chỉ đạo
acetaminophen USAN /әˌsiːtәˈmɪnәfɨn/
aspirin /'æspәrin / (n)
abnormal /æbˈnɔːmәl/ (a); abnormally /æbˈnɔːmәli / (adv); abnormality /ˌæbnɔːˈmælɪtɪ / (n)
delivery / dɪˈlɪvәrɪ / (n) the act of giving birth to a child
especially / ɪˈspɛʃәlɪ / (adv) đặc biệt là
trimester / traɪˈmɛstә ˈtraɪ mɛs- / (n) một quý (3 tháng)
ibuprofen /ˈaɪbju:proʊfǫn/ or /aɪbju:ˈproʊfәn/ (n)
antihistamine /,ænti'histәmi:n / (n)
sedation / sɪˈdeɪʃәn / (n) sự an thần; sedative / ˈsɛdәtɪv / (a,n) thuốc an thần
irritability /,iritә'biliti / (n) tính dễ cáu, tính cáu kỉnh
tip /tip/ (n) lời khuyên
minimize / ˈmɪnɪˌmaɪz/ (v) giảm đến mức tối thiểu

alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːnәtɪv/ (n)
crystalline / ˈkrɪstәˌlaɪn / (n) tinh thể
alkaloid / ˈælkәˌlɔɪd / (n)
isomer / ˈaɪsәmә / (n); isomeric / ˌaɪsoʊˈmɛrɪk / (a) đồng phân
ephedrine /ɪˈfɛdrɪn; ˈɛfɪˌdriːn; -drɪn/ (n)
hydrochloride /ˌhaɪdrәˈklɔːraɪd / (n)
congestion /kәnˈdʒɛstʃәn/ (n) sự tắc nghẽn
inhibit / ɪnˈhɪbɪt / (v) ; inhibition /ˌɪnɪˈbɪʃәn; ˌɪnhɪ-/ (n)
attack /әˈtæk/ (n) cơn bệnh
manifestation /ˌmænɪfɛˈsteɪʃәn/ (n) sự biểu lộ, sự biểu thị
sense /sɛns/ (n) giác quan; sensory /ˈsɛnsәrɪ/ (a) thuộc cảm giác
convulsions / kәnˈvʌl ʃәn / (n) chứng co giật
conscious / ˈkɒnʃәs / (n) tỉnh táo; consciousness / ˈkɒnʃәsnɪs/ (n)
electrical discharge / ɪˈlɛk trɪ kәl ˈdɪs tʃɑrdʒ, dɪsˈtʃɑrdʒ/ (n) sự phóng điện
epilepsy / ˈɛpɪˌlɛpsɪ / (n) chứng động kinh
hydrobromide /ˌhaɪdrә ˈbrәʊmaɪd/ (n)
prepare / prɪˈpɛә / (v) bào chế; preparation /ˌprɛpәˈreɪʃәn / (n) chế phẩm
24


Unit 14
VOCABULARY
pain reliever / pein ri'li:vә / (n) = pain-killer /'pein,kilә /: thuoác giaûm ñau
gout / gaʊt / (n); gouty / ˈgaʊ ti / (a)
individual / ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊәl / (n); allergy /’ælәdʒi / (n) dò öùng → allergic /ә’lә:dʒik/ (a)
tartrazine / ˈtɑːtrәˌziːn; -zɪn / (n) (Dyeing) an azo dye that produces a yellow colour: widely
used as a food additive (E102) in convenience foods, soft drinks, sweets, etc, and in drugs,
and also to dye textiles
acetaminophen USAN /әˌsiːtәˈmɪnәfɨn/; choline / ˈkәʊliːn; -ɪn; ˈkɒl- / (n)
salicylate / sәˈlɪsɪˌleɪt sәˈlɪsәˌleɪt, -lɪt, ˌsælәˈsɪleɪt, ˈsælәˌsɪl- /(n)

nonsalicylate /,nɒnsәˈlɪsɪˌleɪt / (n)
sodium / ˈsәʊdɪәm / (n) Na; potassium / pәˈtæsɪәm / (n) K
ibuprofen /ˈaɪbju:proʊfǫn/ or /aɪbju:ˈproʊfәn/ (n)
ketoprofen /,kitɔːˈproʊfən / (n); naproxen / nəˈprɒksən /(n)
asthma / ˈæz mə, ˈæs-/ (n) hen suyễn; asthmatic / æzˈmæt ɪk, æs-/ (a,n)
polyp / ˈpɒlɪp / (n)bứu nhỏ, mẩu thịt thừa
congestive heart failure (n) suy tim sung huyết
effervescent /ˌɛfəˈvɛsənt / (a) sủi bọt; content / ˈkɒntɛnt/(n) hàm lượng
dysmenorrhea /disˌmɛnəˈriə/ (n) sự đau bụng kinh (painful menstruation)
hepatic / hɪˈpætɪk / (a) (thuộc về) gan ; hepatitis / ˌhɛpəˈtaɪtɪs / (n) viêm gan
hypertension /ˌhaɪpəˈtɛnʃən / (n) high blood pressure >< hypotension / ˌhaɪpəʊˈtɛnʃən/ (n)
lactate / ˈlækteɪt / (v) tiết ra sữa; lactation / lækˈteɪʃən / (n)
lithium /ˈlɪθɪəm/ (n) = Li ; methotrexate / ˌmɛθəʊˈtrɛkseɪt; ˌmiːθəʊ- / (n)
diabetes mellitus /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtɪs; -tiːz məˈlaɪtəs / (n) bệnh tiểu đường
sulfonylurea / səlfənɪlu:ˈriə / (n)
anticoagulant /ˌæntɪkəʊˈæɡjʊlənt / (n) thuốc chống đông máu
peptic ulcer /ˈpɛp tɪk ˈʌlsə / (n) an ulcer of the mucous membrane lining those parts of the
alimentary tract exposed to digestive juices. It can occur in the oesophagus, the stomach,
the duodenum, the jejunum, or in parts of the ileum (loét đường tiêu hóa)
pregnant / ˈprɛɡnənt / (a); pregnancy /ˈprɛɡnənsɪ / (n)
impair /ɪmˈpɛə / (v) làm suy yếu; impairment / ɪmˈpɛəmənt / (n)
urticaria / ˌɜːtɪˈkɛərɪə / (n) mày đay; urticarial / ˌɜːtɪˈkɛərɪəl / (a)
varicella / ˌværɪ ˈsɛllə / (n) thủy đậu = chickenpox
variola / vəˈraɪələ / (n) đậu mùa = smallpox
influenza / ˌɪnflʊˈɛnzə / (n) = flu / fluː/ (n) bệnh cúm
pediatric / ˌpi:di ˈætrɪk / (a); pediatrician / ˌpi di əˈtrɪʃ ən/ (n) bác sỹ nhi
mania /ˈmeɪnɪə / (n) chứng điên; manic / ˈmænɪk / (a)
rheumatoid /ˈruːməˌtɔɪd / (n) dạng thấp khớp; arthritis / ɑːˈθraɪtɪs / (n) chứng viêm khớp
arthropathy / ɑ:ˈθrɒpəθi/ (n) bệnh khớp
đuoenum / ˌdjuːəʊˈdiːnəm / (n) tá tràng

lymphocytic /‚lim fə ′sitik / (a) ; leukemia / ljuːˈkiːmɪə / (n)
psoriasis / səˈraɪəsɪs / (n) bệnh vảy nến; thrombosis / θrɒmˈbəʊsɪs / (n) chứng huyết khối
pulmonary / ˈpʌlmənərɪ; -mənrɪ; ˈpʊl-/ (a) phổi; embolism / ˈɛmbəˌlɪzəm/ (n) sự tắc mạch
25