đáp án thi công chức tiếng anh phần đọc hiểu thi công chức quảng ngãi 2017

ĐÁP ÁN TIẾNG ANH PHẦN ĐỌC HIỂU THI CÔNG CHỨC TỈNH
QUẢNG NGÃI 2017

READING COMPREHENSION (20)

C1.c Researchers from the University of Arizona studied colonies of rock ants
across the western US, both by following them in the wild and by taking whole
colonies back to the lab.They found that certain risky behaviours, like foraging
widely for food and responding aggressively to a threat, went together, and
colonies further north tended to take more of these risks. The study suggests
those more adventurous personalities could be an adaptation to the limited
window of activity left by the long, snowy northern winter.

1 Where did the ants studied by the Arizona scientists live?
A In colonies across the eastern US
B In colonies across the western US
C In colonies across the southern US
D In colonies across the northern US
2 What do ants which look for food further from their nests tend to do if
they face danger?
A They respond aggressively to it.


B They leave the dangerous place
C They call for herds to come
D They don’t react
3 The characteristics of ants?
A Ants are a social species, living in a large corporation
B Ant is an individual living species
C Ants react wildly to threats
D A&C are correct

4 Which word means ‘change their behaviour to fit a particular situation’?
A Adapt
B Suitability
C Coalescence
D Collectivity
5 According to the passage, what does the author mean?
A Food of ants
B Habitat of ants
C Behavior of ants
D All correct
#####
C2.Scotland has voted to stay in the United Kingdom. Around 85% of voters
turned out to vote in the referendum. A total of 2,001,926 people voted 'No' to


independence, whilst 1,617,989 voted 'Yes'. It's been history in the making. The
people of Scotland have decided to continue their 300-year union with England.
So the UK survives. Pro-independence campaigners say they're disappointed,
but insist the high turnout shows there's an appetite for change. Few would
disagree, and accept the result doesn't mean Britain goes back to business as
usual. In the hours and days ahead, the Prime Minister David Cameron and the
other party leaders will now have to deliver on their promise in the last days of
the campaign to give Scotland more powers. And no-one believes that can be
done without a wider shake-up of how the rest of the UK is governed.

1 Scotland stay in the United Kingdom after ______
A rejection independence
B reject in independence
C rejecting independence
D reject thing independence

2 Several polls in the weeks before the vote ______
A showed a smaller lead
B showed a small lead
C showed a smallish lead
D showed a smallest lead
3 However, on the day, there was ______
A a cleared victory
B a clearer victory
C a clears victory
D a clear victory
4 The referendum was the culmination of two years of ______
A in tense campaigning
B in tents campaigning
C intensive campaigning
D intense campaigning
5 The result was "a deep personal and ______
A political disappointing


B political disappoint meant
C political disappointment
D political disappointment

#####

C3. Walking or cycling to work instead of driving a car can improve people's
feelings of health and happiness. That's what a study at the University of East
Anglia in the UK suggests. For many people commuting is a necessary evil.
Most see going by car or van as the 'least worst' option. This study by the
researchers at the University of East Anglia challenges that assumption. It

suggests walking, cycling or travelling by public transport can lift the mood.
Crucially, it suggests those who switch from the car to an active commute feel
better across a range of psychological measures, including concentration,
decision making and the ability to face up to problems. The researchers say
policies encouraging people to leave their cars at home could have a dramatic
impact on public wellbeing.

1 The benefits of walking or cycling?
A Improve people's feelings of health
B Improve people's feelings happiness
C Improve people's feelings of health and happiness


D Improve people's feelings of health and tiredness
2 The “least worst” of commuting for many people?
A Walking or cycling
B Car or van
C Walking or car
D Clycling or van
3 Which vehicle can lift the mood?
A Walking
B Cycling
C Travelling by public transport
D All correct
4 Why people feel better across a range of psychological measures?
A Because they switch from the car to an active commute
B Because they switch from the walking to an active commute
C Because they switch from the walking or cyling to the car
D Because they switch from the car to the walking or cyling
5 The effect of leaving cars at home?

A dramatic impact on health
B dramatic impact on environment
C dramatic impact on public wellbeing
D dramatic impact on economy


#####

C4. The Earth's protective ozone layer is starting to repair itself, according to a
panel of United Nations scientists. The main reason behind its recovery, they
say, is the fact that certain chemicals, such as those used in aerosol cans, were
gradually banned in the 1980s. It was in the 1980s that many of us became
aware that small individual actions could harm the planet itself.Hairsprays were
cited as one of the causes of the hole in the Antarctic ozone layer. People were
told to wear sunscreen to avoid skin cancer as the layer thinned and more UV
light got through.By 1987 world governments had agreed to ban most of the
ozone-eating chemicals.The World Meteorological Organisation say at last the
ozone layer is showing signs of thickening, although it will be a while before
they know if the hole is actually healing.The same organisation warned earlier
this week that climate change was heading in the opposite direction with
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at a record level.

1 What's going on with ozone?
A finishing to repair itself
B starting to repair itself


C starting to repair atmosphere
D Being contaminated
2 The main reason behind its recovery?

A It’s certain chemicals
B It’s used in aerosol cans
C A&B are correct
D A&B are wrong
3 What were cited as one of the causes of the hole in the Antarctic ozone
layer?
A Trash
B Hairsprays
C Vehicle
D Factory
4 How the government protects the ozone layer in 1987?
A They ban most of the ozone-eating chemicals
B They put forth the policy of environmental protection
C Ban on chemical production
D Family planning
5 What the organisation warned earlier this week?
A The atmosphere was deteriorating
B The ozone layer was thinner
C Higher solar radiation


D climate change was heading in the opposite direction with
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at a record level
#####
C5. You can live without air conditioning and indoor plumbing, but there are
some true necessities of life. You can't survive for long without food, water,
sleep, or air. Survival experts apply the ‘rule of threes’ to lasting without
essentials. You can go about three weeks without food, three days without water,
three hours without shelter, and three minutes without air. However, the ‘rules’
are more like general guidelines. Obviously, you can last a lot longer outside

when it's warm than when it's freezing. Similarly, you can last longer without
water when it's humid and cool than when it's hot and dry.The technical name
for starvation is inanition. It is extreme malnutrition and calorie deficiency. A
starving person is less sensitive to thirst, so sometimes death is from the effects
of dehydration. Vitamin deficiency may also lead to death. If a person lasts long
enough, the body starts using protein from muscles, including the heart, as an
energy source. Usually, the cause of death is cardiac arrest from tissue damage
and electrolyte imbalance.
1 What is the necessities of life?
A Air conditioning and indoor plumbing
B Food, water, sleep, or air


C Family and community
D All are correct
2 The rule that survival experts apply?
A Nutritious food
B Fresh air
C Rule of threes for food, water, shelter and air
D Environmental
3 What is the technical name for starvation?
A Inanition
B Catastrophe
C Eradication
D Casualties
4 Which factor is more important to life?
A Sleep
B Food
C Enviroment

D Water
5 What is the cause of death?
A Cardiac arrest
B Tissue damage
C Electrolyte imbalance
D All are correct
#####

C6. Water is an essential molecule for life. Depending on your age, gender, and
weight, you consist of around 50-65% water, which is used to digest food, carry
oxygen and nutrients through the bloodstream, remove wastes, and cushion
organs. Since water is so critical, it should come as no surprise that dying from
dehydration is an unpleasant way to go. Oh, in the end, a victim is unconscious,
so the actual dying part isn't so bad, but that only occurs after days of pain and
misery.Lack of water causes cracked skin and a dry, raspy cough. Coughing
won't be the worst, though. While you might be out of fluids, that won't prevent
vomiting. The increased acidity of the stomach can produce dry heaves. Blood
thickens, increasing heart rate. Another unpleasant result of dehydration is a
swollen tongue. While your tongue swells, your eyes and brain shrink. As the


brain shrinks, the membrane or meninges pulls away from the bones of the
skull, potentially tearing. Death can result from liver failure, kidney failure, or
cardiac arrest.
1 What is an essential molecule for life?
A Air
B Water
C Food
D Shelter

2 Why is water so important?
A digest food
B carry oxygen and nutrients
C remove wastes and cushion organs
D All are correct
3 The consequence of lack of water in the body?
A cracked skin and a dry, raspy cough
B Causing unconsciousness


C Illness
D Deadly
4 What happens when tongue swells?
A Eyes and brain shrink
B Eyes and brain swelling
C Eyes and brain cracking
D Eyes and brain dry
5 Death is the result of?
A Liver failure
B Kidney failure
C Cardiac arrest
D All are correct
#####

C7.Any new parent can verify it's possible to go days without sleeping. Yet, it's
an essential process. While scientists are still unraveling the mysteries of sleep,
it's known to play roles in memory formation, tissue repair, and hormone
synthesis. Lack of sleep (called agrypnia) leads to decreased concentration and

reaction time, diminished mental processes, reduced motivation, and altered
perception.How long can you go without sleep? Anecdotal reports indicate
soldiers in battle have been known to stay awake for four days and that manic
patients have lasted three to four days. Experiments have documented normal
people staying awake for eight to ten days, without any apparent permanent
damage after a night or two of normal sleep to recover.The world record holder
was Randy Gardner, a 17-year-old high school student, who stayed awake for
264 hours, around 11 days, for a science fair project in 1965. While he was
technically awake at the conclusion of the project, he was completely
dysfunctional by the end.However, there are rare disorders, such as Morvan's
syndrome, which can cause a person to go without sleep for several months!
The question of how long people can stay awake ultimately remains
unanswered.

1 What is the role of sleep?
A Memory formation, tissue repair, and hormone synthesis
B Memory formation, tissue repair, and metabolically
C Memory formation, improve immune system, and hormone synthesis
D Increased longevity, tissue repair, and hormone synthesis
2 The impact of lack of sleep?
A Decreased concentration and reaction time
B Diminished mental processes


C Reduced motivation, and altered perception
D All are correct
3 How many days ordinary people may not sleep?
A 4 – 6 days
B 6- 8 days
C 8 – 10 days

D 10 – 12 days
4 What syndrome that person do not sleep for months?
A Morvan's syndrome
B Lack of sleep syndrome
C Insomnia syndrome
D Incubus syndrome
5 According to research, how long can a person sleep?
A 10 – 12 days
B 8 – 10 days
C 6- 8 days
D There is no answer

#####
C8.How long a person can go without air is really a question of how long he can
go without oxygen. It's further complicated if other gases are present. For
example, breathing the same air over and over is more likely to be lethal


because of the excess carbon dioxide rather than the depleted oxygen. Death
from removing all oxygen,like a vacuum, may occur from the results of the
pressure change or possibly temperature change.When the brain is deprived of
oxygen, death occurs because there is insufficient chemical energy to feed brain
cells. How long this takes depends on temperature, metabolic rate, slower is
better, and other factors.If oxygen deprivation occurs some other way, perhaps
from drowning, for example, a person loses consciousness between 30 and 180
seconds. At the 60 second mark brain cells start to die. After three minutes,
lasting damage is likely. Brain death typically occurs between five and ten
minutes, possibly fifteen minutes.However, people can train themselves to make
more efficient use of oxygen. The world record holder for free diving held his
breath for 22 minutes and 22 seconds without suffering brain damage!

1 What is the content of the article?
A Breath
B Food
C Enviroment
D Air
2 Why breathing the same air over and over is more likely to be lethal?
A Because of the excess carbon dioxide rather than the depleted
oxygen
B Because it lacks some important air


C Because there’s not enough chemical energy
D Because it slows down metabolism
3 What happens when the brain has not oxygen?
A Death occurs because of swelling of the brain
B Death occurs because there is insufficient chemical energy to feed
brain cells
C Death occurs because the brain cells die
D Death occurs because the brain is not metabolized
4 When the brain starts dying when drowning?
A At the 60 second mark brain cells start to die
B After three minutes, lasting damage is likely
C A & B are correct
D A & B are wrong
5 How long the man who holds the world record for free diving?
A 20 minutes and 22 seconds
B 21 minutes and 22 seconds
C 22 minutes and 22 seconds
D 21 minutes and 21 seconds

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