Tải bản đầy đủ (.pdf) (51 trang)

Tổng Hợp Đề Thi CASIO THPT tỉnh Tây Ninh từ năm 2004 (có kèm đáp án)

Bạn đang xem bản rút gọn của tài liệu. Xem và tải ngay bản đầy đủ của tài liệu tại đây (2.16 MB, 51 trang )

!
#

"

$
%&'( )
*
%+,( -(./ ) 0" 1%234
-.,5 4%( ) 6 ! 0 !

% &

'( ) *+

!"

 + =
. 
 + =

,-

!

#$ #

(.7(


 + =



⇔

 =

# $%& ' ()!" *+,! - / − / +

!"



 ≈.1
 ≈ . . 1.1
& ' ()!" *+,! *+ 0! * , - 
∨
 ≈ . . 1.1  ≈ . 1

% &

'( ) *+

!-/

'(/


. 


,0


1

=.

=
+

=

'

( ) 1

2

1& ) *+

,-

.

+ *" +

− *" =

(.7(

)2 3 4% 5 !


6.* ,
*()!" 3()!" 7)2 
 =

" = " + "
1
 ≈
⇔
⇔
"
1
+ " =
 ≈1
 =

"






8% 9 * ( : $
*"



*" @ . A . ⇔ 

@




3 D

/
;

7 ; 7 <%!" '

2

=

<#78

2' *

 ≈−
=−
⇔
=
 ≈

+ + C $=B
'3) 12'3

1&

; $=2 5 ># *+

+

+

45
0

5

6 7 8 32
/

3

=
(.7(

E

= DF

+



? * , 3()?$ -

':/

0


1

*9
(

3
= +

() )

': *+


E :=D

!-/

+

':/ +



CD F

+

=


1&

/


= +


E DF

= . ⇔ $=BH + !
=

π

− !

+

3.> <

1

?< # 8 < #
(.7(
+

@ ,' A

&


G

G=.⇔

+

+ !

+

=

π

≈. 1



7 ,
/ ( '3) <1
!" D '( " E )

1

≈−


C $=BH + !
+ 


E DF



+

7 A" B C
1 * - 6'9
(/

0

(.7(

E I ! *J$ $%& #=* ' 4! *=0 3 # " )2
K
-L =
−π
E I ! *J$ $%& ' 4! *=0 3 # " )2
E I ! *J$ ' 4! *=0 3 #
/
!" D '( "
!" 7 A"

6+
E 1&
, 1&

?! :)&


?! :)& : 3()!" *+=!

-LA L ML AK

/
*+

3()!" *+=! 7 #=* * ;' *%

,

(

'3)

M

-L =

K

;! $ %!" $%& $ %2!"

−π

− π ≈

/
(.7(


L≈
+=

!-/

N1N NC
L
+
+

,5 8+



3

.

1

,5

&

3 1&

/

3.> <


< #

(.7(

E DP A
M $=B @
C
DP A . ⇔ M $=B A ⇔ A !
E D . 1N1N ≈ . . N1 A # D
π
D
≈Q. . . C

M

$=B



≈ . 1N1N


'< #

π π
,'  O 





D

π

≈Q

A # !D

R=* ,! $ =2' * # " 2$ 3 4% $=2 $ 4% $ = A 7 "=2$ )& 3 2 $%& #=* # S* : 0! $=2 B=; 3= α A
P TC J! < ! *J$ *= ! ' 4! $%& ,! $ =2'C

.

(.7(

E =?

3= <

E I ! *J$

$ ?! 3 2 $%&

%!" U% ! - L

U

,! $ =2' * , -


= ,! *(2 < ! V

U

+ L3

2

=

V A

CV CV C $=B .
=
V +V

E VI =

V + V





VI ≈

.

V A


≈N

.



V = ..



V = ..

= 3= ' %2* " 0

$%&



V = .. C


VI

(.7(

E VI =

⇒ $=B VI A


*" α −

V C J! " 4! 3%2!" B=; 3= *

.

⇒ V CVI =



*"α +



9 ' 0! " 2$ *+=!" VI $%&



*" α −

$=2 V A

⇒ V C VIC $=B VI A

*" α −

*"α

=


E I ! *J$ *= ! ' 4! - L*' = L

=

V CV + V CV

V

$=B . . + $=B . .

$=B . . + $=B . .
I

P 1TC

R=* ,!
' ' ()!" $=2 3= < $ ?! : W!" 3()?$ 3 S* 7 = : 0! *+=!" #=* ,! !=2! *+=! = B =
$ = - #=* $ ?! $%& ,!
' ' ()!" ! W# *+ 0! #=* 3()!" 5J! 3 2 $%& ,! !=2! $ 2$ 3X! $%&
,!
' ' ()!" 5 =0!" * %=$ $ ?! ! ! W# *+ 0! # S* !=2! * 0# $%& ,!
' ' ()!" ! W# *+ 0!
*+%?$ $%& ,! !=2!C J! * > *J$
$%& ,! !=2!C
(.7(
E =? K
4! ()?* : 2! 5J! 3 2 7 $ 4% $ = ,! !=2!C
E
;* < ! $%& ,! !=2! B=!" B=!" 7)2 3 2 ,! !=2! U% * 0# ,!
K −

K

: 2! 5J! K =
C (- K A
* ,
=
E
E

;* < ! $%&
,! !=2!

' ' ()!"

,! *+=! $=2

,! !=2! B=!" B=!" 7)2 3 2 ,! !=2! U% $ ?! 3=; < ! 7)2 $ ?! ! W# *+ 0! 3 2
K −
K −
,! *+=! $=2 : 2! 5J! K =
C (K A * ,
= EE



 =
EE B% + - 
K =



E ( E 7
L% + -

=

πK

≈ .

1

+


$ %2 2 -

6


!
#

"

$
%&'( )
*
%+,( -(./ ) 0" 1%234
-.,5 4%( ) 6 ! 0 !


% &

'( ) *+

!"

 + =
. 
 + =

,-

!

#$ #

(.7(


 + =

⇔

 =

# $%& ' ()!" *+,! - / − / +

!"




 ≈.1
 ≈ . . 1.1
& ' ()!" *+,! *+ 0! * , - 
∨
 ≈ . . 1.1  ≈ . 1

% &

'( ) *+

!-/

'(/


. 


,0

1

=.

=
+

=


'

( ) 1

2

1& ) *+

,-

.

+ *" +

− *" =

(.7(

)2 3 4% 5 !

6.* ,
*()!" 3()!" 7)2 
 =

" = " + "
1
 ≈
⇔
⇔
"

1
+ " =
 ≈1
 =

"






8% 9 * ( : $
*"



*" @ . A . ⇔ 

@



3 D

/
;

7 ; 7 <%!" '


2

=

<#78

2' *

 ≈−
=−
⇔
=
 ≈

+ + C $=B
'3) 12'3

1&

; $=2 5 ># *+
+

+

45
0

5

6 7 8 32

/

3

=
(.7(

E

= DF

+



? * , 3()?$ -

':/

0

1

*9
(

3
= +

() )


': *+


E :=D

!-/

+

':/ +



CD F

+

=

1&

/


= +


E DF


= . ⇔ $=BH + !
=

π

− !

+

3.> <

1

?< # 8 < #
(.7(
+

@ ,' A

&

G

G=.⇔

+

+ !

+


=

π

≈. 1



7 ,
/ ( '3) <1
!" D '( " E )

1

≈−


C $=BH + !
+ 

E DF



+

7 A" B C
1 * - 6'9
(/


0

(.7(

E I ! *J$ $%& #=* ' 4! *=0 3 # " )2
K
-L =
−π
E I ! *J$ $%& ' 4! *=0 3 # " )2
E I ! *J$ ' 4! *=0 3 #
/
!" D '( "
!" 7 A"

6+
E 1&
, 1&

?! :)&

?! :)& : 3()!" *+=!

-LA L ML AK

/
*+

3()!" *+=! 7 #=* * ;' *%


,

(

'3)

M

-L =

K

;! $ %!" $%& $ %2!"

−π

− π ≈

/
(.7(

L≈
+=

!-/

N1N NC
L
+
+


,5 8+



3

.

1

,5

&

3 1&

/

3.> <

< #

(.7(

E DP A
M $=B @
C
DP A . ⇔ M $=B A ⇔ A !
E D . 1N1N ≈ . . N1 A # D

π
D
≈Q. . . C

M

$=B



≈ . 1N1N


'< #

π π
,'  O 




D

π

≈Q

A # !D


R=* ,! $ =2' * # " 2$ 3 4% $=2 $ 4% $ = A 7 "=2$ )& 3 2 $%& #=* # S* : 0! $=2 B=; 3= α A
P TC J! < ! *J$ *= ! ' 4! $%& ,! $ =2'C

.

(.7(

E =?

3= <

E I ! *J$

$ ?! 3 2 $%&

%!" U% ! - L

U

,! $ =2' * , -

= ,! *(2 < ! V

U

+ L3

2

=


V A

CV CV C $=B .
=
V +V

E VI =

V + V





VI ≈

.

V A

≈N

.



V = ..




V = ..

= 3= ' %2* " 0

$%&



V = .. C


VI

(.7(

E VI =

⇒ $=B VI A

*" α −

V C J! " 4! 3%2!" B=; 3= *

.

⇒ V CVI =




*"α +



9 ' 0! " 2$ *+=!" VI $%&



*" α −

$=2 V A

⇒ V C VIC $=B VI A

*" α −

*"α

=

E I ! *J$ *= ! ' 4! - L*' = L

=

V CV + V CV

V

$=B . . + $=B . .


$=B . . + $=B . .
I

P 1TC

R=* ,!
' ' ()!" $=2 3= < $ ?! : W!" 3()?$ 3 S* 7 = : 0! *+=!" #=* ,! !=2! *+=! = B =
$ = - #=* $ ?! $%& ,!
' ' ()!" ! W# *+ 0! #=* 3()!" 5J! 3 2 $%& ,! !=2! $ 2$ 3X! $%&
,!
' ' ()!" 5 =0!" * %=$ $ ?! ! ! W# *+ 0! # S* !=2! * 0# $%& ,!
' ' ()!" ! W# *+ 0!
*+%?$ $%& ,! !=2!C J! * > *J$
$%& ,! !=2!C
(.7(
E =? K
4! ()?* : 2! 5J! 3 2 7 $ 4% $ = ,! !=2!C
E
;* < ! $%& ,! !=2! B=!" B=!" 7)2 3 2 ,! !=2! U% * 0# ,!
K −
K

: 2! 5J! K =
C (- K A
* ,
=
E
E

;* < ! $%&

,! !=2!

' ' ()!"

,! *+=! $=2

,! !=2! B=!" B=!" 7)2 3 2 ,! !=2! U% $ ?! 3=; < ! 7)2 $ ?! ! W# *+ 0! 3 2
K −
K −
,! *+=! $=2 : 2! 5J! K =
C (K A * ,
= EE



 =
EE B% + - 
K =


E ( E 7
L% + -

=

πK

≈ .

1


+


$ %2 2 -

6


!
#

"

$
%&'( )
*
%+,( -(./ ) 0" 1%234
-.,5 4%( ) 6 ! 0 !
!
7
8

9

"#
*
+

)

.,( 0
./ #
3/ =

8

0 1 2&34 5
,

>

$:

9*
; & %2< 4=>%
4%( -%(?

0

$%
,

%

&

%

' (


%

&

(

-

6 1 2&.7 5 # 1 8 3&.9 + =
" 
 + =

1

:30 ; <6 ; 9#/-


 ≈

 ≈

.,(
./ =
3/ >


" 

% :


,

>
,

 ≈
∨
 ≈

=
+

=

,&

%&

!/ %

>

+

"

+




=

 ≈

 ≈

 ≈−

 ≈

+

+

.,( @

=

#
@

!1 );

+ +
%!

- ?(
%

(


: !

%

9

+
,

,
= +

/
-



≈−

.,(
>

%

" A:)/ 1

B) ;

:) ; 3/C


:2 5 ./

. ≈ / 0(((

.,,( "
#

>

%

,
F ,

)%
G

%
, -

D 1 E&3*
>
+-

1≈

(

.,( A

#
./
3/

F ,

06#
0:3 5 */& 6:8. 5 83/& #:4 5
G %
06#%
,
1≈

/06#-

202 2+



.,( B
>

(

&

(

%


" A:)/ 1 ) ; 9

.3 . ≈ 3 / 0202
π
3. 3
≈4

)H3

;.

π π





≈ / / 20(
(

.,( C
!
( )

*+ ,

-

,


!

+

"

!

# $ %

& '

α


1

≈2

/ E

;"D?

5
6

7-

: ;


%

8956
<

89

8=

85



!

86

+ ,

(





=

& '



≈(



=
%"



!

=

(E) 0*

.,( 0
>
A

?
7

>
< ?

7

!

!

B %
+ ,

>

?

7
?
D , :

$ @
@
"

7 ?
< %
@

< %

!

: ≈ (/

+

0

#

7
#

$ %
B,

<
%

<
"
!

!
>

7

. "&
C
!
@ < %

+


!"# $%&' ( $%)*! *+,
%-& $%&' ./*! %01 2%3 $%4*!

!"# '

; = : 98 +

7≈ 6 5

A = :8 +

7−8 +

<= >&?,
7<: 9 8 +

7 ≈ 6@ (= 8≈ 6@ ( 7

<= >&?,

!"# $ '

;< # B
A< D8

+5
5
6= E

C+
F 6

+
5
57


!"# % '
;< D ≈ =6@E
1,
A<
≈ @6= E =1,
1< G ≈ @6@5 1,
!"# & '
C ≈ E =(9 H E + I@
C≈−
=( 9 H E + ,@
8I6 , ∈ J7

<= >&?,
<= >&?,

< >&?,
< >&?,
< >&?,

<= >&?,
<= >&?,

!"# ' '
,;C : 8 C 7 = : 8@7 ≈ 6= =

<= >&?,

,&* : 8 C 7 ≈ : 8 6= @ E7 ≈ −


<= >&?,

!"# ( '
;& I&, $.K*! *%;/ LM* ,N$ LO1 '
;& I&, $.K*! *%;/ LM* %;& LO1 '

<= >&?,
<= >&?,

!"# ) '
; ≈ =@ 65@@5
; ≈ = < E6 @= E

<= >&?,
<= >&?,

[ 6 @]

[ 6 @]

!"# * '
L ≈ (6E
!"# + '
≈ 6@

,

= @<

=< >&?,


=< >&?,


!"# , '
C ≈ 6

<

=< >&?,


$ !
!"# ' %P %", Q- # B :8C7 B Q&* C R C − C + 1S >T $%U 8 7< VU*% ;6 A >? >WX*! $%Y*!
# B ;C R A L" $&Z2 $/#Z* 1[; >T $%U 8 7 $\& >&?, 1S %P"*% >N C B R
<
#-#

; = : 98 +

7≈ 6 5

A = :8 +

7−8 +

7<: 9 8 +

7 ≈ 6@ (= 8≈ 6@ ( 7


!"# $ ' %P %", Q- # B :8C7 B @C@
C ] 5C R 1S >T $%U 8 7<
;< &Z$ 2%W^*! $._*% $&Z2 $/#Z* 8
! "#
7 1[; 8 7 $\& >&?,

1S %P"*% >N C B

<

A< &Z2 $/#Z* ` 1a/ ;< 1b$ 8 7 L\& $\& D< _, $P\ >N >&?, D
&
#-#
+5
 
;< :c8C7 B (C
C 5 ⇒ : 9  = −
5
 
:8 7 B

∈ 8 76 A&Z$

$

%

+=

E


d%W^*! $._*% $&Z2 $/#Z* 1M* $_, L" ' # R

+=
E

=−

+5
5



C − 



+5
+
C+
5
5
A< d%W^*! $._*% %P"*% >N !&;P >&?, 1[; 8 7 e" $&Z2 $/#Z* L"'
+5
+
@C@
C+
C 5C R B
5
5

 C = 6=
⇔ C@ 5
C R 5 −( C +@−
= ⇔
 C = − 6= E
f# D8 6= E F 6
57

⇔ #B

(

)

!"# % ' %P ∆ D 1S 1PQ B 6(5(5 F D B =6@1, F
g*% >N h"& $
%
;7 \*% D <
A7 ./*! $/#Z*
8 L" $./*! >&?, D 7<


17 d%a* !&)1 $.P*! G 1[; D

;7 D B D R
⇒ D ≈ =6@E
A7

B


]
1,
+

D<

D −D
5

8G ∈ D 7<

#-#
<1PQ ≈ =6@ R 6


B 6 1, <
1[; '

< =6@< 6 < 6(5(5 ≈ E6(

× 8 6 7 + × 8 =6@7 − 8=6@E
5

7

=

≈ @6= E =1,

@





 D< 1PQ 
 =
17 G B 
D+






f# G ≈ @6@5
1,

D
8 + 1PQ 7
×

8 D+
7

6 × =6@ × 6(5(5

65

!"# & ' &i& 2%W^*! $._*% ' 8Q&*C R 1PQC7 B @8Q&*C ] 1PQC7
,


'(

)* +,

#-#
2$ ⇔ 8 RQ&* C7 R @81PQ ] Q&*C7 B
⇒ $ B ] Q&* C
Vj$ $ B 1PQC ] Q&*C6 $ ∈ − F

[

6(E E5

]

(

)

@− 5
@− 5
@− 5
⇔ 1PQC ]Q&*C B

1PQ C + 5= =
5
5
5
9 H

 C ≈ E =(
E + I@
@− 5
⇔ 1PQ C + 5= =
= 1PQ
=(c k E ⇔ 
8I6 , ∈ J7
5
=( 9 H E + ,@
 C ≈ −

d$ ⇔ $

(

@$

5B ⇔$B

)

[

(

)]

!"# ' ' _, !&) $.U Ll* *%m$ e" *%n *%m$ 1[; %", Q- ' # B :8C7 B Q&* C + + L* C + C + @ $.o*
[ F@]
#-#

C+


#c B :c8C7 B  +
 1PQ C + + L* C + C + @
 C + C + @
C + 5C + =
B
< 1PQ C + + L* C + C + @
C + C+@
#c B ⇔ C ≈ 6= @ E
:8 6= @ E7 ≈ −
:8 7 ≈ 6 =@
:8@7 ≈ 6= =
f# ' ,;C : 8 C 7 = : 8@7 ≈ 6= = e" ,&* : 8 C 7 ≈ : 8 6= @ E7 ≈ −

[

(

[

)]

(

)]

[ 6 @]


[ 6 @]

!"# ( ' N$ >T*! %T 1S %;& I&, ' I&, !&X e" I&, 2%O$< &p* >T*! %T >;*! 1%q >O*! ( !&X< n&
LO1 ,m# !&X
- .!
/,
,
$%_ %;& I&, 1S eU $.g $.K*! *%;/ LM* $%r *%m$ s LM*
$%r %;& s
#-#
tm# eU $.g Q- ( 1[; >T*! %T L", !-1 1[; 1)1 !S1 81/*!7 LWu*! !&)1<
π
π
$ e" I&, 2%O$ v/;# ,N$ !S1 '
− π$
;/ $ !&X ' &, >T*! %T v/;# ,N$ !S1 '

V? %;& I&, $.K*! *%;/6 >&w/ I&p* L"'
%P I B $%_ $ B

(

π

$+

π

+ π$ = I π8I ∈ Ζ7 ⇔ $ =


!&X ≈ 5( 2%O$ = !&a# 5=< f# LO1

I −@

$%_ %;& I&, $.K*! *%;/

LM* ,N$

5


!&X

!&X ≈

%P I B $%_ $ B

=5 2%O$ @

!&a#

@< f# LO1

$%_ %;& I&,

$.K*! *%;/ LM* %;&<
; = @

!"# ) ' %P hx# Q- 8;*7 ' ; = =
; − ; − 5; = 6 ∀* ∈ Ν6 * ≥

*+
*
 *+

g*% ; e" ;

(

$

)

%

(

&i& 2%W^*! $._*% >j$ $.W*! ' C
f#' ;* B α − =

*

+β + =

)

*

#-#
C 5 B $; 1S C B ± =


(
(

 −
= $; 1S %p ' 
 −
@+=
&i& %p $.o* $_, >Wu1 ' α =
+ =

l& ; B @ e" ; B

f# ;* B

( @ + = = )( −

(

) ( )
=) α + ( + =) β =
= α+ + =β=@

)( − = )
= ) + (5 = − @)( + = )

e" β =

=

*−


=

5 = −@
+

=

*

+ =
/# .;' ; ≈ =@ 65@@5 e" ; ≈ = < E6 @= E<
!"# * ' S %;& eU $.g 6 D *y, ew 1K*! 2%g; >-& el& AX Q4*! 8h7 *%W %_*% ez< %Pi*! 1)1% ${
>Z* AX Q4*! L" E,< %Pi*! 1)1% ${ D >Z* AX Q4*! L" 5E ,< %Pi*! 1)1% !&|; e" D L"
=,< N$ *!WX& >& ${ >Z* AX Q4*! 82%g; 6 D7 >? Lm# *Wl1 Q;/ >S >& ew eU $.g D< n& >P\*
>WX*! $-& $%&?/ *!WX& >S >& ${ >Z* D 81S !%} v/; AX Q4*!7 L" A;P *%&o/ s 0 # (,
%
&
D
=,
5E ,
E,
4*! 8h7

#-#

#
D
=,
@ (,

5( ,
E,

5E ,

=


~}$ %p $P\ >N C# *%W %_*% ez< %& >S ' 8 F E7 e" D85( F 5E 7
tm# c >-& Cr*! el& v/; C $%_ c8 F
E7
=
d%W^*! $._*% >WX*! $%Y*! cD L" ' # B
E
C
5(
&;P >&?, 1[; >P\* cD e" C L" ' P8 (=6( @@ F 7
Z/ *!WX& >S !%} e"P AX Q4*! $\& >&?, $%_ '
R D ≥ cD ≈ (6E
tO1 >S ≡ P8 (=6( @@ F 7<
f# >P\* >WX*! $-& $%&?/ 2%i& >& L" L ≈ (6E
,

,<

!"# + ' .P*! *%|*! %_*% 1%S2 1S $m$ 1i 1)1 1\*% h"& Ay*! 6 %x# $g*% $%? $g1% 1[; %_*% 1%S2
1
&
1S Q- 1\*% *%&w/ *%m$ $


• ~}$ %_*% 1%S2 <
<<<
0& L" $./*! >&?,
<

E
Vj$
=
= C<
*
{

=

Q&* C

#-#
1S
$m$
1i
1)1
1\*%
Ay*! 6 >WX*! 1;P
*

= −

$%_ '

5 Q&* C


=

5 Q&* C −
5 Q&* C

*

/# .; ' 5Q&* C ] € ⇒ Q&*C € • ⇒ C € @ ⇒ C €
f# * Ll* *%m$ L" =< tO1 >S C B @ <
=
=
• G&p* $g1% >)# '
=
< Q&* C = 1P$ !C
@ 5 =
5
• %&w/ 1;P '

=

<

@

C

⇒ * ‚ =<

5 Q&* C −

Q&* C

• %? $g1% %_*% 1%S2 ' 4 =

@

2 5 5 5@ 55 5= <23 =

=< 1PQ .< 5 Q&* . −
=< 1PQ @ < 5 Q&* @
=
5 Q&* .
5 Q&* @





6@ = @<
!"# , ' %P $r h&p* >w/ D G 1\*% Ay*! < 0& L" $a, 1[; ,j$
G e" L" $./*! >&?,
1\*% D < g*% A)* Ig*% %_*% 1M/ *N& $&Z2 !S1 $;, h&p* >q*% 1[; $r h&p* e" $&Z2 CO1 >WX*!
$%Y*!
<
1
&
#-#

t


D

G


b$ %_*% 1M/ A`& ,j$ 2%Y*! 8
;, !&)1

1S '

0& t L" $&Z2 >&?, 1[;

7 $%_ >Wu1 %_*% $.ƒ* *N& $&Z2 $;, !&)1
@
@
=
F
=
F
=
@
+

= @
e" %_*% 1M/ $%_ t =
=


_*% 1M/ *N& $&Z2 $r h&p* D G 1S A)* Ig*% . =
0& C L" A)* Ig*% %_*% 1M/ $%_ '


/# .; ' C B

=

−@
5E

≈ 6

C
=
.

t

=

5 @

=− @
5

<



e" $&Z2 CO1 ,j$

<


5

G $\&

<


!"# $%&' ( $%)*! *+,
%-& $%&' ./*! %01 2%3 $%4*!
%5& !&6*' 7 2%8$ 9:%4*! :; $%5& !&6* !&6< =>?
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
AB
C
D ED
D
F
C
GH
ED
9L< %M $N1% A 1%O,
EI*! JEI*! 1%K
$%& !%&?

9A> $%& 1P 7 $.6*!Q $%R J&*% S", T"& $.U1 $&V2 $.W* => $%&?

AX

Y


' %R J&*% $.Z*% T"# [\* $\$ 1)1% !&]&Q 14*! $%^1 )2 _`*!Q :V$ a/] $R*% $<)*
["< 4 $.-*! S&>* :> T"& $<)*b
97=? ' %< %", J- # c d9e? c J&* e f e − e + 1P =g $%N 9 ?b AN*% 6Q T =; =h5*!
$%i*! # c 6e f T S" $&V2 $/#V* 1M6 =g $%N 9 ? $j& =&;, 1P %<"*% =k e c f
b

!

$ 97=? ' %< %", J- # c d9e? c lel
6b &V$ 2%ho*! $.Z*% $&V2 $/#V* 9

1P %<"*% =k e c

e m ne f 1P =g $%N 9 ?b
! "#
? 1M6 9 ? $j& =&;,

"#

∈ 9 ?Q T&V$

b

Tb &V2 $/#V* p 1q/ 6b 1\$ 9 ? Sj& $j& Eb Z, $&

$

%


!

"#


% 97=? ' %< ∆ E 1P 1c
R*% =k _"& $
%
1M6 '
6? j*% E b
T? ./*! $/#V*
9 S" $./*! =&;, E ?b


1? H%q* !&)1 $.<*! L 1M6 E

Q 1, b

9L ∈ E ?b

!

+,

& 97=? ' &]& 2%ho*! $.Z*% ' 9J&*e f 1,

"#


'(

)*

!

[

"#

)]

(

' 97=? ' Z, !&) $.N Ss* *%O$ [" *%t *%O$ 1M6 %", J- ' # c d9e? c J&* e + + S* e + e + l
$.W* [ rl]

!

"#


( 97=? ' k$ =g*! %g 1P %6& :&, ' :&, !&5 [" :&, 2%8$b &u* =g*! %g =6*! 1%v =8*! (
!&5b t& S81 ,O# !&5
- .!
/,
,
$%Z %6& :&, 1P [N $.R $.w*! *%6/ Sx* $%^
*%O$ y Sx* $%^ %6& y


!

"#

!

"#

6 = l

) 97=? ' %< _z# J- 96*? ' 6 = 7
6 − 6 − n6 = Q ∀* ∈ Ν Q * ≥
*+
*
 *+
R*% 6 [" 6

$

%

* 97=? ' P %6& [N $.R Q E *I, [> 1w*! 2%R6 =-& [s& T5 J4*! 9_? *%h %Z*% [{b %<]*!
1)1% $| =V* T5 J4*! S" },b %<]*! 1)1% $| E =V* T5 J4*! S" n} ,b %<]*! 1)1% !&K6
[" E S" 7,b k$ *!h5& =& $| =V* T5 J4*! 92%R6 Q E? =; SO# *hs1 J6/ =P =& [> [N $.R Eb
t& =(,
%
&
E

7,
n} ,

l

},
4*! 9_?


!

"#

+ 97=? ' .<*! *%K*! %Z*% 1%P2 1P $O$ 1] 1)1 1j*% _"& TI*! Q %z# $R*% $%; $R1% 1M6 %Z*%
1
&
1%P2 1P J- 1j*% *%&>/ *%O$ $

!

"#

, 97=? ' %< $^ _&u* =>/ E L 1j*% TI*! b 0& S" $q, 1M6 ,•$
L [" S" $./*!
=&;, 1j*% E b R*% T)* :R*% %Z*% 1x/ *k& $&V2 !P1 $6, _&u* =v*% 1M6 $^ _&u* [" $&V2 e81
=h5*! $%i*!
b
1
&


!

"#

n




7


!
"##$ % "##&
'() *+, - "& *+./' 00 /12 "##$
+3, *+, - 45/' +67 8+9 *+:/'
;<
?

@

=

A B@




0
"


>
C

D


E
F




G
$




&

 ≈−

 ≈

H
0#

(








≈−






!"#
$ %
$ %
+

+

&
'

π

π







?
?(, 0

) -

*!" +, -.







012 3

/

A

=
+

=

+




4

56/!

4

*!" +, -.

012 3

/

/ '7 -. /8 9/ +:;/84 56/! 3 ! = ∑

+ +

/

+ +

=

4
<2=2
?8β4 5@ 82= ?!2A? - B 3
4β α ≈
4

>#?


?8α 07
B
?8
D
E/8 'F/! 3
KA? L = 3


*
3D

/



G

?8 /β

3*

α4
* D )H ?IJ

?(, " ) MN 0O 9/ ?B"/8 !I/! 0 P/8 C /Q ):R/8 ?BS/ T ):R/8 &6/!
'7 C U/! !I/! 0 P/8 VJ !I/! 0N 4 56/! ?W -. +2F/ ?6 ! X!Y/
?P )V/ 07 X!Y/ S/ 'U2 Z !I/! 0 P/8
4
<2=2

<[2

D

'7 )\ +72 U/! !I/! 0 P/8
π

2F/ ?6 ! ] X!Y/ ?P J7 )V/ '7 3


?B^/8



4

J7 )V/

?(, D

"

!I/! 0 P/8

!#

! $%

π−


=
&

=

π−

=



"

b

π

a

*

) ∧

J (=

5 J 82C D* T ! 02 '7
82C D*
*!" ? J 82C
- " !" D




D* T + =
' D
*4 56/! )\ +72 )"U/
.



' *=)

J

<2=2

+.+` α=
=
=
=
, + , ( , * , + +, (+, *

`

π−

π

J7 )V/

π−

π−
=
− π
−π



α -2/
α -2/

-

$

J
$

J

*

' 4 56/! )\ +72 C

U/! Z ? J

J4 5B9/ U/! D* '_ )2HJ


×