Business data communications 4e chapter 19

Chapter 19:
Network Management
Business Data Communications, 4e


Network Management
Requirements
 Fault Management
 Accounting Management
 Configuration and Name Management
 Performance Management
 Security Management

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Fault Management
 A fault is an abnormal condition that requires
management attention (or action) to repair
 Fault is usually indicated by failure to operate
correctly or by excessive errors
 Users expect quick and reliable resolution

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Responding to Faults
 When faults occur, it is critical to quickly:
 Determine exactly where the fault is

 Isolate the rest of the network from the failure so that it
can continue to function without interference
 Reconfigure or modify the network to minimize the effect
of removing the failed component(s)
 Repair or replace the failed components to restore the
network to its initial state
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Accounting Management
 Reasons for accounting management:
 Internal chargebacks on network use
 User(s) may be abusing access privileges and burdening the
network at the expense of other users
 Users may be making inefficient use of the network, and the
network
 The network manager is in a better position to plan for
network growth if user activity is known in sufficient detail.

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Configuration Management
 Concerned with:
 initializing a network and grace-fully shutting down part
or all of the network
 maintaining, adding, and updating the relationships
among components and the status of components

themselves during network operation

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Performance Management
 Issues of concern to the network manager include:
 What is the level of capacity utilization?
 Is there excessive traffic?
 Has throughput been reduced to unacceptable levels?
 Are there bottlenecks?
 Is response time increasing?

 Network managers need performance statistics to help
them plan, manage, and maintain large networks
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Security Management
 Concerned with
 generating, distributing, and storing encryption keys
 monitoring and controlling access to networks
 access to all or part of the network management
information
 collection, storage, and examination of audit records and
security logs
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Network Management Systems
 Collection of tools for network monitoring and
control, integrated in these ways:
 A single user-friendly operator interface for performing
most or all network management tasks
 A minimal amount of separate equipment

 consists of incremental hardware and software
additions implemented among existing network
components
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Network Management System Architecture

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Components of the NMS
 All nodes run the Network Management Entity
(NME) software
 Network control host or manager runs the Network
Management Application (NMA)
 Other nodes are considered agents

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Network Management Entity
 Collection of software contained in each network node,
devoted to the network management task
 Performs the following tasks:
 Collect statistics on communications and network-related activities.
 Store statistics locally
 Respond to commands from the network control center
 Send messages to NCC when local conditions undergo a significant
change

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IBM Network Management
Architecture and NetView
 Associated with IBM’s Systems Network
Architecture (SNA)
 IBM wants to provide the single, unifying
framework into which all other network
management products feed and from which all the
equipment in a user’s network can be controlled

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Network Management Categories
 SNA network management is composed of:
 Problem management
 Change management
 Configuration management
 Performance and accounting management

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Problem Management
 Problem determination
 Problem diagnosis
 Problem bypass and recovery
 Problem resolution
 Problem tracking and control

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Change Management
 Software change control
 Microcode change control
 Hardware change control

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Configuration Management
 Physical/logical resource identification
 Resource relationship identification

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Performance & Accounting
Management
 Response-time monitoring
 Availability monitoring
 Utilization monitoring
 Component delay monitoring
 Performance tuning
 Performance tracking and control
 Accounting
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NetView Software
 Control facility

 Status monitor

 Provides the capability to operate
the network.

 Hardware monitor
 collects notifications of failures or
significant events

 Session monitor
 Collects session-related information
on logical components of the
network; includes measurements of
data on response time, session
failure

 Displays status information;
reactivates network resources
following failures

 Help facilities
 Descriptions of fields on
displays, and a systematic
problem-solving facility

 Customization facilities:
 Permits a user to tailor NetView

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Technical Control
 Automatic and remote testing and monitoring of the
system, to reduce downtime due to the need to locate

service personnel
 Restoring and/or reconfiguring the system upon failure
in real time
 Providing network performance and functioning
statistics to facilitate planning and management for high
availability
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Component-Level Technical
Control
 Line Monitors
 Captures the signal between a host system and the network
 Generally employed only on the network end

 Protocol Analyzers
 Can also simulate various network components
 Can test communication protocols and codes
 Typically handles up to layer 3 of the OSI architecture

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Network Technical Control Systems
 Integrate control devices and centralize the control of the network

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Performance Monitoring
 After availability, the second most important
characteristic of a network is performance
 Performance data must be available in sufficient
detail to be able to assess the bottleneck that is
causing the problem and to plan appropriate
remedial action

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Component-Level Monitoring
 Response-time monitors
 Measures, displays, and records response time of each transaction
and the average response time

 Hardware monitors
 Events: Number of occurrences of specific events
 Timing: Timing the duration of a specific signal

 Software monitors
 Gathers and reports statistics on hardware and systems and
applications software activity

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Network Monitoring Systems

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