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1.OangThinhHung:Cdic6chgi6oduc- phuong
thfc cgban
ciraphattridngi6oductrongthegioihiOn
dai
2, Nguy6n
Minh0rfong:(3i60
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3. LOVin Anh:Nh0ng

9

4.OinhThiKimThoa,LGTh6iHung:Dqyhgcduavdodacdiim
tiepnhAnth6ngtincOanguoihoc

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41
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5.D6 NgocThong:B6iduongnhantdinhinlu kinhnghi€rn

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8. Nguy6n
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BichTri: MotsothuOn
12.Trd'n
Dao,HaNOi
106TrdnHung
taothilcsi
trongquinli ddro
DT.(04)e.424183
(04)9423488; TRAO
(04)9422314;
D6I
gd@yahoo,com
Email: Iapchikh
phap
phuong
dayI'm
Hoichung
Hirng:
Thanh
13,Nguy6n

(84-4)
9424183',
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10,PhanVin Nhin: Ddotaonghdvd gidiquytitvi€cldm

1.

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DAYHgc DUAvAo slic D|EMT|EPNHAN
THONGTI.NC(J/TNGUOIHOC
I

O TS.OINHTHIKIMIH(,A. E TNAINUNE
D4i hoc Qu6c gia He N6i

trinhphattridnc0alf lu6ndayhoctaqud
Ar.
\r(trinh nghiencrruvd tim toi nh0ngphuong
ph6pdayhocsao cho ngtrdihoc dat dudcmuc
dich md gi6o duc ddt ra. Muc dfch gi6o duc
khdngph6ila OdtOidn,n6 thayOdicr)ngv6i su
v6nd6ngvA ph6ttridnc&axd hoi.Chinhvivdy,
vi6ctim toi nh0ngphuongph6p day hoc hi6u
qu6sOkhongc6 didmketth0c.Dayld vieclam
musnthudc0ac6cnhdstr'ph?m.

dcng c0a gi6o vi6n l6n nht/ngdoi tuongHS ndy
drduld ng6l nhi6nphi hop hodc kh6ngphu hop
vdi ddc didm tidp nhan thdng tin c0a ho Neu slr
nr35unhien phir hop thi HS co kdt qui hoc tdp
tdit,n5, khongthinguoctai.VAysutac d6ngc0a
ngudigieo vi6n ddn ttrng HS chi thuc su c6 ch0
dich khi gi5o vien hidu duoc ddc didm sua trinh
linh hoi va chuydn hoa kien thr,rctrong ddu m6i
hoc sinh.Viec hidu nay giripgi6o vien co nhidu
1. Dey hoc cdn tlnh d6n dic didm ti6p cd h6i thanhc6ng hon trongcong viec day hoc
ciia minh.

nh6nthongtin cia ngud;hoc
Vay m6i nS c6 mot dic didm ti6p nhan va
Ch0ngta d6,dangva s6 conn6id'dnstl cdn
chuydn h6a ki'dnthrlc ritng dtloc bidu hi6n nhLr
thidtphaiddi m6i giio duc, tronQd6 O6imOi
gd tra ldi cdu h6i nay, chr-rngta ldy
phddngph6pdayhoclir nhi6mvu trongydu.Tuy thd niro?
tntdng hop er3aAntoine De l_a Garandne,m6t
nhi6n,su ddi m6i vd phuongph6p day hoc
pham l5i lac ngtroi Phap dd minh hoa.
dudngnhtlcon ndmben ngoaingudihoc b6i16 nhi srt
Lircnh6,dng di hqc gdp nhidukh6 kh6n,ong ta
ch0ngta t6c dong ddn ddi tuong ngudi hoc
nhdlg thucchdt ch0ngta chua hidu 16"ho li ngLldikhi€jmthinh.Ong nghegiSngkhithib6 sot
ai?',dic didmqu6trinhlTnhhoi vd chuydnh6a trr niry hodc c6u kia, ldm cho ong khongthd niro
diduthu
th6ngtin di6nra trongddu ho nhtJthd ndo?Dd nglhekip loi giing cOathdy gi5o.Nhr"nng
nhdn
dUdc
ludn
luon
mi
mo
trong
ddu,
khong
c6 thd c6 su ddi moi mang tfnh dOt ph6 vd
thd
ldm
cho

ong
hidu
bai
dudc.
Nhlrng
rdt
may,
phuongphilp day hoc nhdm nang cao chdt
lrtonggi6oduc,ch0ngta cdn pn6itinndendic vao trung hoc, ong gap duqc thdy giao c6
didmhoatd6ngtri 6c hay hoatd6ngtidp nh6n pl-rudngphdp giSng day phil hdp v6i th6i quen
ldrnvi6ctri 6c c0a Ong.Thdy giao luondiengi6i
th6ngtin ciranguoihoc.
deiy
dir, cdn k6 n6i dung biii hoc len bing ddng
Vi sao mot sd HS c6 thd hoc tot, mot so
thr)i
thdy c6 s& dung c6 Od Oungtnr.cquan vd
kh6ct6 ra kh6ngc6 kh6 ning hoctdp?Nguyen
nhdnc0ahientudngndy ld gi?Tu cnat?Sr-r
n6 diliu niry ldm cho ong tiep thu d6 dang.Vdn dd
lLtcc0abAnthdn?Diduki6nmoitruonghaycuOc niy lai xAy ra tuong tLIkhi ong hoc dai hoc.Trr
sdng?TA-t
c6 dduc6 thd trAthirnhnguy6nnhAn. d6ring suy nghi r5ng co van dd khiemkhuyetv€i
SongdEbaogio chungta nghi6ncuu dd tra ldi su'phamcdn phii duoc nghienctru dd cai tnien.
cdu hdi: Tai sao c6 HS hoc v6i thdy cO ndy Ndu 6ng kh6nggep ngudithdyc6 cachday phi
khOng
datduock6tqu6kh6quanndotronghoc ft6rpv6i ddc didm nhan thUc c0a minh thi chdc
tAp,nhungkhihocv6ithdycd kh6claic6 nh0ng Ongdd trd thanh ngudi"cham phSttridn".
Ngodi ra, khi trao ddi vdi mot sd nha su
tienbd vrldtbdc?Nhuv6y co nghiald m5igi6o

pham
vd qu6 trinhlinh hoi thongtin c0a ho, cdc
vi6nc6thdc6 mOtsd HS c6 nhrrngtienbo trong
thinhtichhoctApnhovdophuongphdpdayhoc nhd sr-tphamcringmo t3 qud trinhnay kha kh5c
c0aminh.B6ncanhd6 ch0ngta c0ngthdyc6 nhau.Khi nghe gi6ngbiri trdn lop hodc linhhoi
nhr-rng
HS kh6ng"k6n"gi6ovi6nl5m v?rho gir-r van dd ndo d6, c6 nguoitidp thu d6 Oanghon khi
kdtquAhoct6p kh6dn dinh.Tuynhien,c6 thd 'giilo vi6nsit dunghinh6nh tn-tcquanvd chithuc
n6iring, trongtdt cA clc trudnghoptrdn,sut6c s u ' n d md u d c k h 6 i n i e m m o n h o c q u a l o i g i 6 n g
12

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m0t
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5nao
ruthu
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may,
ro cO
quen
n gi6i
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an va
a no e
rc.Tu
yetv6
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2007

fi=-**r
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jl:'.-"'...."!.'t.l€i
...-"t,...'''.,r,.|"r....".4J

Khoo hoc Gidodr,rc

c0athdykhiho kipchuydnh6anhurrg
kh6ini6m vao ch0ngta bbng nhiduk6nh
kh6c nhau du6i
lrlrutuongsanghinh6nh hay mo hirih
hodckii nhfrngdang kh6c nhau: d6 ld nhurng
vat tnd nay
nghidmndo d6 di c6 trongkinh nghi6m
c0a hinh 6nh qua k6nh hinh ho5c Xen;
tiJng,
noac
khihgcchuydnmonbangngoainsu nhrJng
vAn b6n ng6n ng&, loi n6i qua c6c k6nh
Tlnl
loa.
o trenl6p,neutha'yn6idenc6cconso
nnUngay nghenhin...Va tuong ung v6i c6ch
t6c ddng,khi
fi6ng n5mc0asu ki6nndo d6 tuongddi nhanh
tiep nh6n vir goi lai th6ng tin trong Oa.u,
tnuOng

tiric6 nguoikh6ngthd vietvAov6 c0a
minhd6 nguoita thuc hi6n theo hai loai 6nh co b6n
saul
ii nh0ngs6 ndo,mdc di nhungngudikh6c
- "6nh"
c6
nhin thdy - hinh inh vd var, ngon
trrdviettgid6 dang,Nhrrngngu&nit ;hi viet
tai ngu vie^tLoai ngrroic6 th6i quen ndy goi la
HA
dilocndu thdy noi rat cham,khi ho kip 'nhin
. "6nh"
nghethdy_ am thanhnoiJngOnng0
fray"m{t nlung ch0sd do trongddu.Ngudinao noi.
Loaingudico th6i quen ndrygoi la N;
do.co
thdchinghetdibaihattiengnu6cigoaico
Nht/ vAy, tu 2 ddc didm co b6n trong
tidp
$d hettaitheonhungngudikhdr;phiiduocnhin nhAnthong
tin con ngUoic6 xu thd nghi6ngvd
mdtchOc0a toi bai het 6-ymoi c6 thd hit theo m6t trong
hai loaiHA hodc NA (nhtrngngudithuc
-qu6
*rloc.Tiii c6 nhrrng.nhd
su phamduocph6ng hi{entdt ca nai loais6 rat thuanloi
troig
trinh
vdnddu nh6nthayring ho la nhungngLfdi
khe hoc tdp).

nghidm
tucvirchdmchitronghoctapn6nc6 thd
Nhrrngthuantoi va kh6 khin c0a HAva NA
hrbukhuyetphdnndonhfngthiduhutchominh
Ddi voi nguot HA
ri cfingmay mo 0d tim cach hoc nao d6 cho
+ ThuQntqi:
Sy nqp. NhrnrgdAy v6n chi hoantoirnld su
- D6 tidp thu c6c vdn
dd bdng nhrrnghinh
^
ng6unhien.Ben canhd6 ch0ngta c0ngthay 6nh
nhinthdy:tranh,sd dd, Uing OIdu...
€ng c6 nguoidil chbmch?naoinieuJi chdng
- DA gdi lai trong da'unhtrngydu
td di6n ra
.
nila.c0ng
khongthd datdugctienb6 nhumong bdng
hinh6nh.
nruon.
Vdndd khongphaila d su chdmcnin[a]
- Thu6n loi trong vi6c trinh bdy
cdc van dd
nrdd ch6cdnph6ithayddic6chldmviec
theoc6-u.
trfc tdngthd, hay nhirngso dd gongdng.
Antoinne
la nguoivi dai va dat dLrocnhung
- Nam bet c6c va'ndd khonggian

t& hon {so
ihinhcdngnhatdinhtrongsu nghiep.
C6 16b6l vdi thol gian),
ongdd tim duocddc didmhoatd6ngtri 6c c0a
+ Kho khdn:
minhvAduochoatdong_theo
- Khongquen st} dung loi
dic didmay du6isrl
n6i, von ngonngu
tic d6ngkh6chquanl5n ch0 quan.Connhung ngheonan, kh6ngthinh thao c6c
mAuc6u nOn
rqtroikhdcchuac6 dudcsu thdnhcdngb6i16ho di6ndat bSngtoigdp kh6 khdn.
*hdngsdmnhAnra ddcdidmnhdnth&cri6ngc0a
- Kh6 thuoc long, kh6 nh6 lai
c6c df kien
minhva khongc6 didu kiendd hoat d6ngphu mdt cdch tron ven. Xd tai c6u chuy6n kh6
liCn
top voi ddc didm ay. NhLrng16 rang chung ta thdy

co hoi thAnhdat ld binhdtng trudctdt ci moi
r€lloi,Thanhcongthuocvd nh0rrgnguoindm
&rocquylu6tva hoatdongtheoquylu6tay.
Nhrl vAy,ddi mOi phrrongph6p day hoc
{PPDH)pfr6ithrrcsu bdt r5 tu dec didm noat
donglinhh6ivd chuydnho6th6ngtincOanguoi
hcc,hayn6icdchkhricph6ibdtOa'u
tu quvtudt
hoatdongtrfoc riengc0a m6inguoi.
2. DAcdidm tiSp nhin th6ng tin trong
ryri trinh hoc tAp

Nhuta da biet,tam tf nguoita su ph6n6nh
h€n thdckh6chquanc0a xa h6i lodinguoiviro
r*aoc0ach0thd.Nio "ghilai"ddudn c0asUt6c
dongqualai dy.Hi6nthuckhachquant6cdong
€fGD

s6 ze, thring a - 2OO7

tuc, kh6 nh6 cac su kien khongc6 srJli6nh6 v6i
:5c hinh 6nh nhin thdy,kh6 goi tai cdc n6i jung
llhunhdn bing doc vi nghe.
- Kh6 gi6i thfch nhfng didu
mic d0 da bi6t
c6ch6p dung.
- Sdp xdp c6c tu6ngrdi rac,thidu
!
ti€nkdt...
Doi vol nguot NA:
+ Thuanlei:
- Od tiep thu c6c vdn dd dudc trinh bay
bang
nhrlngngon tU chdt ch6.
- D5 Oanggdi tai nh0ng ydu t6 di6n ra
bing
€rmthanh.loi n6i.
- ThuAnloi trong viec trinh bdy c6c
vdn dd
tlreonhltngcdu tr0c ng6n tU chdt ch6.
- Nim Odt vA diSn dat vd thoi gian tot
hon

(so vdi khong gjan).

13


,.6'-a i

Khoa hoc Gi6o dgc

!

* Kho khdn:
- Khongquending hinhinh nhinthdy
nen
khig5pcAcvdn dd kinh bAychi bing hinhinh
thi phii chuydnddidd m6 ti bing toi.
- Kh6 hoc c6c m6n nhi€uc6ngthr?chinh
anh,ki hi6u,nhdtta khich6ngchuaduocmota,
gi6itniorr
bing loivdntr6ichiy.
- Kh6khdntrongvi6c 6p dungcac vdn
dd
mic dirda biStgieithich.
- Khotrinhbdyc6c vdn dd vd kh6nggian.

.ilq
'r:
lroat d6ng tri 6c c0a minh: sd dd ho6 vdn b6n
ngonngu doi v6i HA, di6ngi6iddy d0 bdngnson
trJm0 hinh nio do ddi v6i NA...Ndusu chuvdn

rray kh6ng kip di6n ra thi coi nhLrthong tin d6
kh6ngdong tai trong ddu ch0 thd.
- Kh6ng6p dit thoi quen (phuongphap)
c0a
nguoiday cho nguoi hoc, ph6i xuat phat trr ddc
- S0 dung ppDH phei triet dd c6
vd tfnhtrtrc
quan l5n su 16rang vd mit ngon ng[.
- Luu y nhrrngthu6n loi vir kh6
khdn c0a
nguoi HA vA NA trong hoc tdp dd c6 bi6n ph6p
ph0 hop.
- C6 thd hinh thdnh phudngph6p hoat
dong
trf 6c m6i cho ngudi hoc neu c6 su hu6ngd5n
itic bi6t.
Phuongphdp hoat dong tri 6c khongchi cdn
tronghoc trip ma trong moi mdt c0a cu6c sdng.
DAy la phr,rong
phdp dAn ddn srrthanhcongc0a
tr6 tronghoc tdp c0ng nhu cuoc sdng ttronglai.
1'rongqu5 trinh hoc tdp d nha truong tU tru6c
ddn nay duongnhu ngudigi6o vi6n chicoi trong
vi6c day kiSnthr3cmi hdu nhu kh6ngquant6m
ddn vi6c dayphuong phap hoqt dQngtri oc, ndu
c6 thi chi la h6 qui c0a viOcday kidn th0c cht?
khong ph6i la muc dich c0a day hoc. Day
phuongph6p hoat dong tri 6c la het sfc quan
trong. Kidn thrlc cu thd c6 thd qu6n di, nhurng

phuongphdp lim vi6c tri 6c s6 gi0p ta tim kiem,
kh6mph6 nhtrrggi ta cdn cho cOngvi6cvi cuoc
s,5ngc0a minh,c6 vdy vidc hoc mdi tra thanh
qu6 trinhtu hoc sudt cu6c doi.

3. Nhrrngdi6u cdn luu f trong dqy hgc
dua vio d{c diem ti6p nhin th6ng tin ctja
ngUdihoc
Ngaytrt khi con nh6,do rn6itrutirng
(v6tinh
yi)vd m6tph6'ndo thi6nhu6ng,khitidp
hayhr,ru
nh6nnhrrngthdngtin trJthd gi6ikhdrch
quan,tr6
duongnhud6 c6 nh0ngdinhhu6ngthi6nl6chvd
motloaithongtin tu mot k6nhndo d6. SUthien
l6chndy^chua
6nhhr.rdng
denkdtqu6nh6nthrlc
c0atr6.d giaidoannhAtudi,chringta thdyhdu
nhu rnoi tr6 em ddu thd hi6n sr-rhoat b6t vd
nhanhnhaycrSaminh.Gia dinh nio cOngc6
nh*rrg"huydnthoai"vd con ch6u minh nhu
nhtng nhdnvdt hdt sfc dic bi6t.cho ddn khi
dfa tr6 di hoc,6 mfc do ndo Oom5i drlatr6 dd
c6 th6iquentiSpnhdnthongtin thes c6chc0a
minhvd ta thdysr-rph6nho6tr6 vd nh6nthrlcbdt
ddudi6nra. Nguydnnh6nc0a su ph6nho6c6
thd la do phuongphapday c0a nhir trrrdngphir
hophodcchuaphOhop v6i th6iquentidpnh6n

thdngtin criac6 nhdnngudihoc.Nhrrhaithi du
tr6ndd n6u,ch0ngta hoAntodnc6 co hoithAnh
TAILIEU
THAMKHAO
congtronghoctApn6udayvd hoccirngbi6tdua
vaod5cdidmti6pnhin th6ngtin c0anguoihoc. 1 G. V. Aquino, EducationalPsychotogy,NXB
Rexbookstore,
1993.
M6i ngtroic6 c6ch linh hoi va chuydnh6a
2. J.M.Denomm6,
fi6n toi motphuongph6psu pham
thOng
tin theoc6chc0a ri6ngminh,vi v6y nguroi
tvongt1c,NXBThanh
Nien,HaN6i,2000.
gi6ovi6nn6n;
3. Hamers,
J. H. M, Teaching
andlearning
thinking
skills,
- X6cdinhnguoihocc6 ddcdidmfinhh6ivd
usA,2003.
chuydnh6athongtin nhuthd nio?
4. Nguy6n
H0uLuong,
Dqyvd Hgchopquylu6thoat
- Chd bidntai li6u,lua chon hinhthr?cvd
dQng
tri dc,NXBVin ho6Thdngtin,HaNoi,2002.

de La Garandrie,
p€daCrisflque
de la raison
phuongphiipchuydntai thongtin sao cho phu 5. Antoine
gogique,
NXBNathan,
Paris,
1997.
hopv6ith6iquenhoatd6ngtrl 6c c0angudihoc
6. A.D.LGarandrie,
Rdnluy6ntri tuedd fhiinhdat,NXB
- Lamchoth6ngtin mi minhodntruydndat
Vin hoa- Thdng
Tin,HdNgi,1998.
kipchuydnho6virt6i taotrongdduch0thd6 tai
thoididmtiepnhin thi nguoihoc m6ic6 thd c6
SUMMARY
co sd dd hiduduocth6ngtin.
The authoresspresenlssomerssuesrelated
to
- Gi0pHS cdch thrlc chuydnth6ngtin tr/ teachingmethodology
basedon sfudenfs'reception
of
k€nhkhdngphi hop sang dang phi hop v6i inl'ormation.
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