tiếng anh chuyên ngành quản trị kinh doanhEnglish9

Unit 3: Mixed economies
Năm 1962 chính phủ Anh thành lập một tổ chức chính thức để lập kế hoạch các chính sách
kinh tế quốc gia. Các thành viên của hội đồng đại diện cho người cho thuê, người làm thuê và
những người quan tâm khác.
Exercise 1
1. No / No state today is completely communistic.
2. No / no state is completely capitalistic.
3. Yes / The various national economic systems tend towards communism or capitalism.
4. Yes / many are difficult to classify exactly.
5. Yes / It has been found necessary in many countries to control or regulate national
economic conditions.
6. Yes / Even the most dedicated free enterprise systems, such as the USA, have felt this
need.
7. Yes / The under-developed countries of the world are usually interested in control and
long-term planning.
8. Yes / India have had a number of plans guided by the government.
9. No / as India makes a distinction between the public sector of the economy on the one
hand and the private sector on the other hand.
10. Yes / as India makes a distinction between the public sector of the economy on the one
hand and the private sector on the other hand.
11. Yes / Such systems, with public and private sectors, are neither communistic nor
capitalistic, but are sometimes called mixed economies.
12. Yes / In the public sector of British economic life are the nationalized industries like
coal and steel, British Rail and BOAC.
13. No /
14. Yes / the British government set up an official body to plan national economic policies.
This body is called the National Economic Development Council.
15. Yes / The members of this council are representatives of the employers, employees.
Exercise 2
1. Because the various national economic systems tend towards communism or capitalism.
2. They are interested in control and long-term planning.

3. It is sometimes called mixed economy.
4. In private sector.
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Unit 3: Mixed economies
5. In 1962 the British government set up an official body to plan national economic
policies.
Exercise 3
1. complicated
2. simplified
3. consolidated
4. liquidated
5. activated
6. reactivated
7. nationalized
8. internationalized

Language practice
Exercise 1
a. This plan is not simple enough. We must therefore simplify it. The simplification of
plan is essential.
b. The economy of that country belongs in the Marxist group or class. We must therefore
classify it as communistic. The classification of the economy of that country is not
difficult.
c. That water is not pure enough. It is necessary therefore to purify it. The purification of
the water is a matter of public health.
d. Please send a note to the members of the Council. You should notify them of the date of
the next Council meeting. The notification should reach them this week.
e. The economics teacher tried to make the situation clear. He tried to clarify his

description by making it simpler. When he has made this clarification, his students
understood the whole matter much better.
Exercise 2
a. nation
b. national
c. nationalize
d. nationalized
e. nationalization

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Unit 3: Mixed economies
f. nationalism
g. nationalist
h. nationalistic

Text 3.2
Ngày nay không có nước nào hoàn toàn là xã hội chủ nghĩa; không có nước nào hoàn toàn
là tư bản chủ nghĩa. Các hệ thống kinh tế của các quốc gia khác nhau thường có xu hướng hướng
tới kiểu này hay kiểu kia, nhưng có nhiều hệ thống rất khó phân loại.
Ở nhiều nước, thậm chí ở cả những nước hoàn toàn dựa trên các xí nghiệp tự do như Mỹ
cũng thấy cần thiết phải kiểm soát và điều tiết nền kinh tế quốc dân. Những nước chưa phát triển
trên thế giới rất quan tâm đến việc kiểm soát các kế hoạch dài hạn đựợc chính phủ huớng dẫn. Ấn
độ có một số các kế hoạch được chính phủ hướng dẫn. Ấn độ phân biệt rõ thành phần kinh tế tư
nhân và thành phần kinh tế nhà nước. Các hệ thống kinh tế kiểu này đôi khi được gọi là nền kinh
tế hỗn hợp.
Ngày nay nước Anh có nền kinh tế hỗn hợp. Trong thành phần kinh tế nhà nước, nền kinh
tế của Anh là các ngành công nghiệp quốc hữu hoá như như than, thép, ngành xe lửa và BOAC.
Thành phần kinh tế tư nhân chủ yếu là nền công nghiệp quốc gia cả lớn và nhỏ, từ các công ty lớn

như ICI và BP đến các công ty gia đình nhỏ.
Năm 1962 thành lập Tổ chức kế hoạch chính thức để hướng dẫn các chính sách kinh tế. Tổ
chức này được gọi là Hội Đồng Phát Triển Kinh Tế Quốc gia. Các thành viên của NEDC là đại
diện của các Bang, Hội nghị công đoàn cùng các thành viên của chính phủ, các nhà công nghiệp
nổi tiếng và các nhà kinh tế hàng đầu.
Chức năng chính của NEDC là lập kế hoạch sản xuất quốc gia và thiết lập các mục tiêu sản
xuất. Tuy nhiên đó là một vấn đề khó khi lập kế hoạch trước trong nền kinh tế hỗn hợp. Không
thể lập kế hoạch trước bất kỳ một cái gì chắc chắn thậm chí cả trong nền kinh tế được kiểm soát
chặt chẽ vì những thảm hoạ do tự nhiên gây ra, những thay đổi về chính trị và các yếu tố khác có
thể ảnh hưởng đến kế hoạch tổng thể không như người ta mong đợi.
Exercise 1
1. F / No state today is completely communistic .
2. T
3. T
4. T
5. T
6. T
7. F / In the public sector, British economic lives are the nationalised industries .
8. T
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Unit 3: Mixed economies
9. T
10. F / It is not possible to plan ahead any certainty even in a rigidly controlled economy,
because natural disasters, political changes and other factors can affect the general plan
in unexpected ways.
Exercise 2.1
1. The economists have organized a commission which must study the economic problems
of Latin America.

2. The workers have demanded an investigation which must find out what happened in the
factory.
3. The Trade Unions have asked for a new plan which must regulate the flow of work.
4. The government has proposed a new scheme which must come into operation next year.
5. The employers have prepared a special scheme which must be approved by the
government.
Exercise 2.2
1. The economists have organized a commission to study the economic problems of Latin
America.
2. The workers have demanded an investigation to find out what happened in the factory.
3. The Trade Unions have asked for a new plan to regulate the flow of work.
4. The government has proposed a new scheme to come into operation next year.
5. The employers have prepared a special scheme to be approved by the government.
Exercise 3
1. country
2. dedicated
3. regulate
4. guided
5. distinction
6. sector
7. sectors
8. industries
9. majority
10. giants
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Unit 3: Mixed economies

Listening: Transportation

Exercise 1
a- Weston

b- Easton

c- Beeton

d- Sutton

e- Norton

f- Ayton

1- true

2- true

3- true

4-true

5- false

6- true

7- false

8- true

KH:

Kevin Hughes speaking

NS:

Good afternoon. My name’s Niger Stroke from GLM Engineering. I’m sending some
machinery from Beaten to Norton and I’d like to discuss the best means of transportation. A
friend told me the cheapest way is by sea.

KH:

Well you can’t send them directly from Beaten to Norton by sea. Norton isn’t even on the
coast.

NS:

Oh. Becton’s on the coast though, isn’t it?

KH:

It is, but it hasn’t got a port. There’s a port at Easton, though, and you can send goods from
Beaten to Easton by road or rail. They can travel from Easton to Sutton by ship and then you
can either send them by trailer to Norton or by train via Ayton.

NS:

And which of those is the best route?

KH:

Well it depends how big your consignment is. It might be better to send the goods by air.
There’s an airport at Norton.

NS:

And which airport do the goods travel from?

KH:

The nearest airport to Beaten is a Weston. You’ll have to transport the goods to Weston by
road though. There used to be a railway line between Beaten and Weston, but there isn’t any
more.

NS:

I see. Perhaps I’ll send the details to you and you can arrange the cheapest route. Will you do
that?

KH:

That’s what we’re here for. I’d be delighted to help.

Drill 2
Say the dimensions, like this:
P: Number 1

R: Sixteen by five centimeters

Now you try
P: Number 2

P: Number 5

P: Thirty by two point five by one
meter

R: one point one by five kilometers

P: Number 3

P: Number 6
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Unit 3: Mixed economies

Drill 3

R: Twenty by four by thirty
centimeters

R:Sixty by meter ten centimeters

P: Number 4

P: Number 8

R: Nineteen by nought point one
one meters

R: Twenty by two kilometers

Ask about the past, like this:
P: There isn’t an airport at Ayton
nowadays.

R: Did there use to be an airport at Aylon then?

Now you try

Drill 4

P: She’s only worked for GLM
since the takeover.

R: Did there use to be a

R: Didn’t she use to work for
GLM then?

P: He doesn’t export to Italy now

P: They don’t handle dangerous
cargoes since the accident

R: Did he use to export to Italy then?

R: Did they use to
dangerous cargoes then?

P: Transworld arrange airfreight consignments
these days

handle

railwayline between Dutton and Norton then?

P: Transworld send containerized
goods nowadays.

R: Didn’t they yes to arrange airfre

R: Didn’t they use to send
containerized goods then?

P: They make stereo equipment since they
expanded

P: There isn’t a railway line
Between Dutton and Norton any
more.

R: Didn’t they use to make stroreo equipment
then?

ight consignments then?

Refer to the table and give short answers to these questions
P: Is it quicker by sea than by air?

R: No, It’s slower.

Now you try

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P: Are trains more frequent than
trailers?

R: No. It’s quicker.

R: No, They’re less frequent.

P: Is it cheaper by ship than by train?

P: Is it more expensive by train
than by plane?

R: No. It’s more expensive.

R: No. It’s less expensive.

P: Are ships more frequent than trains?.


Unit 3: Mixed economies

P: Is it slower by train than by
trailer?

R: No. They’re less frequent.

Drill 5A. Comment on John’s out - of - data knowledge, like this
P: John said there was an airport at
Dutton.

P: John said she didn’t work for BOS.

There used to be an aiport at
Dutton, but there isn’t now.

R: She didn’t use to work for BOS. But she
does now.

Now you try
P: John said
dangerous cargo.

Drill 5B

they

handled

P: John said he exported to Spain.

R: They used to handle dangerous
cargo, but they don’t now.

R: He used to export to Spain, but he doesn’t

now.

P: John said they didn’t send
containerized goods.

P: John said Transworld
airfreight consignments.

R: They didn’t use to send
containerized goods, but they do
now.

R: They didn’t use to arrange airfreight
consignments, but they do now.

P: John said there was a railway
line
between
Dutrton
and
Freetown.

P: John said they didn’t make computers.

R: There used to be a railway line
between Dutton and Freetown, but
there isn’t now.

R: They didn’t use to make computers, but they
do now.

didn’t

arrange

Confirm these statements by giving John’s opinion, like this
P: I think there’s an airport at
Dutton.

P: I don’t think she works for BOS.

R: Yes, John said there was an
airport at Dutton.

R: Yes, John said she didn’t work for BOS.

Now you try

P: I think he exports to Spain.

P: I think they handle dangerous
cargo.

R: Yes, John said he exported to Spain.

R: Yes, John said they didn’t send
containerized goods.

P: I don’t think Transworld arrange airfreight
consignments.

P: I think there’s a railway line
between Duton and Freetown.

R: Yes, John said they didn’t arrange airfreight
consignments.
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