Giao Trinh Ngu Am 10-11-12

GIAO TRINH NGU AM
* Quy luật phát âm CáC NGUYÊN ÂM TH ờNG GặPƯ
I. Nguyên âm / a / thờng đợc phát âm là :
1. / ổ / : hat - bank - fat
2. / ei /: table - cake - make
3. / o: / (đặc biệt trớc L): tall - call - all
4. / e /: many - any - anyone
5. / /: about - again - another
6. / i /: village - message - dosage
7. / a: / : arm - art - ask
Exercise: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1.
A. false B. laugh C. glass D. after
2.
A. grammar B. damage C. mammal D. drama
3.
A. candy B. sandy C. many D. handy
4.
A. accident B. jazz C. stamp D. watch
5.
A. farm B. card C. bare D. marvelous
6.
A. warm B. arm C. park D. marmalade
7.
A. rack B. rabbit C. rabies D. rank
8.
A. ask B. angry C. manager D. damage
9.
A. dam B. plane C. planning D. candle
10.

A. barn B. cant C. aunt D. tame
II. Nguyên âm / e / thờng đợc phát âm là :
1. / i: /: me - equal - even
2. / e /: pen - bell - tell
3. / /: problem - open - teacher
Exercise: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1. A. gentle B. generate C. kennel D. genetics
2. A. evening B. key C. envelope D. secret
3. A. emblem B. electrification C. exact D. entire
4. A. penalty B. scenic C. epidemic D. level
5. A. lever B. level C. lesson D. length
6. A. engine B. engineer C. end D. complete
7. A. legal B. petal C. pedal D. level
8. A. get B. pretty C. send D. well
9. A. enjoy B. debt C. release D. engage
10. A. exercise B. especial C. equipment D. equal
III. Nguyên âm / i / thờng đợc phát âm là :
1. / i /: ship - did - six
2. / ai /: decide - bike - silent
3. / /: possible - medicine - similar
Exercise: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1. A. dinosaur B. crocodile C. signature D. rise
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2. A. time B. night C. child D. hidden
3. A. diving B. discovery C. discipline D. divide
4. A. dine B. cinema C. ninth D. wine
5. A. title B. icon C. little D. hide
6. A. item B. idiom C. idle D. ideal
7. A. signal B. child C. line D. sign
8. A. climb B. timber C. find D. climate

9. A. like B. bite C. written D. drive
10. A. kite B. fine C. tide D. knit
IV. Nguyªn ©m / o / thêng ®îc ph¸t ©m lµ :
1. / o /: dog - not – job
2. / o:/: morning – sports – short
3. /∂ʊ /: go – no – most
4. / Λ /: wonderful - nothing - month
5. / ∂ /: today police compare
6. / ʊ /: woman - wolf
7. / w /: one – once – everyone
8. / 3: /: work – worse - world
Exercise: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1. A. month B. come C. love D. home
2. A. post B. though C. how D. clothes
3. A. more B. north C. lost D. sports
4. A. cover B. economic C. dog D. fog
5. A. bottle B. both C. Scotland D. cotton
6. A. fork B. corn C. pork D. cold
7. A. tomb B. comb C. dome D. home
8. A. over B. rose C. chosen D. lose
9. A. close B. chose C. nose D. promise
10. A. companion B. company C. comparison D. compartment
V. Nguyªn ©m / u / thêng ®îc ph¸t ©m lµ :
1. / Λ /: bus - fun - husband
2. / i /: busy - business
3. / ʊ /: full - put - sugar
4. / ∂ /: survival - circus - suppose
5. / ju / : duty - nuclear - during
6. / u: /: rude - include
chó ý bury (beri)

Exercise: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1. A. pudding B. put C. pull D. puncture
2. A. thus B. thumb C. suppose D. supply
3. A. bush B. brush C. bus D. cup
4. A. full B. sugar C. plural D. study
5. A. bury B. curtain C. burn D. turn
6. A. drummer B. future C. number D. umbrella
7. A. butter B. cushion C. put D. push
8. A. hunt B. under C. pullover D. funny
9. A. but B. include C. nut D. cut
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10. A. university B. unique C. unit D. undo
VI. Nguyªn ©m / ai hay ay / thêng ®îc ph¸t ©m lµ :
1. / ei /: aid - main - wait - tray - play - stay
2. / e∂/: pair - hair – chair – fair – air –
Ngo¹i lÖ: said (sed) - plaid (plæd) - quay (ki:) –says (sez)
Exercise: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1. A. hair B. stairs C. chair D. aisle
2. A. faithful B. failure C. fairly D. paint
3. A. chain B. bargain C. entertain D. complain
4. A. trays B. says C. bays D. days
5. A. lay B. pay C. quay D. play
6. A. pair B. train C. afraid D. again
7. A. fair B. air C. chair D. wait
8. A. plaid B. main C. train D. chain
9. A. ways B. stays C. hay D. says
10. A. lain B. plaid C. faint D. spain
VII. Nguyªn ©m / ea / thêng ®îc ph¸t ©m lµ :
1. / i: /: tea - easy - please
2. / e /: jealous - bread - heavy

3. / a: /: heart - hearth (lß sìi)
4. / 3: /: heard - earn
5. / e∂ /: pear - bear
6. / i∂ /: fear - hear - dear
7. / ei /: great - break - steak
Exercise: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1. A. hear B. clear C. bear D. ear
2. A. heat B. great C. beat D. beak
3. A. jealous B. please C. treat D. heat
4. A. beard B. rehearse C. hearsay D. endearment
5. A. earning B. searching C. learning D. clearing
6. A. spear B. gear C. fear D. pear
7. A. seat B. heavy C. reason D. neat
8. A. dear B. hear C. bear D. clear
9. A. measure B. pleasant C. feather D. ple a se
10. A. leather B. feature C. bread D. heavy
VIII. Nguyªn ©m / oo / thêng ®îc ph¸t ©m lµ :
1. / ʊ /: good - wood - wool - book - took - foot - look – cook - poor
2. / u:/: pool - too - mood - noon - moon - school – choose – food - smooth
3. / Λ /: blood - flood
4. / o:/: door - floor
Exercise: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1. A. noon B. tool C. blood D. spoon
2. A. flood B. pool C. food D. tool
3. A. wood B. food C. look D. foot
4. A. mood B. look C. took D. good
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5. A. shoot B. mood C. poor D. smooth
6. A. moon B. soon C. too D. floor
7. A. book B. door C. hook D. cooker

8. A. foot B. pool C. moon D. food
9. A. noon B. school C. choose D. wool
10. A. hood B. hook C. stood D. tool
IX. Nguyên âm / ou / thờng đợc phát âm là :
1. / au /: round - ground - found
2. / /: country - couple - cousin
3. / /: though - although - soul
4. / /: could - would - should
5. / u: /: group - route - soup
6. / /: famous - anxious - thorough
7. / o: /: thought - four - your
Exercise: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1. A. thought B. tough C. four D. bought
2. A. mouse B. could C. would D. should
3. A. course B. court C. pour D. courage
4. A. bought B. nought C. plough D. thought
5. A. cough B. nought C. rough D. enough
6. A. nourish B. flourish C. courageous D. southern
7. A. south B. amount C. ground D. thorough
8. A. famous B. routine C. various D. anxious
9. A. round B. should C. about D. aloud
10. A. sound B. touch C. account D. noun
X. Cách phát âm / ed / :
1. Nếu động từ tận cùng là các âm / t, d / thêm ed đọc là / id /
need needed decide - decided
want wanted start started
2. Nếu động từ tận cùng là các âm f, k, p, s, ks, , , t thêm ed đọc là / t /
wash washed book booked
watch watched fax faxed
3. Nếu động từ tận cùng bằng các âm khác, khi thêm / ed / đọc là / d /

play played plan planed
call called borrow borrowed
4. Tính từ đợc tạo ra từ động từ có cách đọc giống động từ:
5. Một số tính từ tận cùng là /ed/ hoặc trạng từ tận cùng là /edly/ đọc là: / id /
naked ragged (nhàu,cũ) crooked (cong) rugged (gồ ghề)
deservedly supposedly markedly
Exercise: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1. A. talked B. naked C. asked D. helped
2. A. worked B. stopped C. forced D. wanted
3. A. naked B. sacred C. needed D.walked
4. A. kissed B. washed C. practiced D. called
5. A. naked B. beloved C. borrowed D. wicked
6. A. crooked B. checked C. booked D. ticked
7. A. confused B. advertised C. placed D. faced
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8. A. started B. looked C. decided D. coincided
9. A. agreed B. missed C. liked D. watched
10. A. compared B. explained C. expressed D. displayed

* Quy luật phát âm CáC phụ ÂM TH ờNG GặPƯ
I. Cách phát âm / S /
1. Thờng đợc phát âm là / s /:
see sight slow cost sing sink
2. Thờng đợc phát âm là / z /:
has because is rose jobs reason
3. Thờng đợc phát âm là / /:
sugar sure
4. Thờng đợc phát âm là / /:
devision measure vision usual
Chú ý:

a. Quy tắc phát âm / S / sau danh từ số nhiều và động từ ở ngôi thứ ba số ít:
* Đợc phát âm là / s / nếu sau các âm / k /, / t /, / p /, / f /, / /
maps cats laughs books lengths attacks
* Đợc phát âm là / iz / nếu sau các âm / ks /, / /, / t /, /s /, / d/, / /, / z/
glasses boxes wishes churches garages pages
* Đợc phát âm là / z / nếu sau các phụ âm còn lại, và tất cả các nguyên âm khác
cubs caves beds eggs hills pens plays rings
b. Quy tắc phát âm / SE / ở cuối từ:
* Đợc phát âm là / s / nếu sau các âm: / a/, /3:/, / i /, / /, / n /
mouse nurse promise purpose sense
* Đợc phát âm là / z / nếu sau các âm: / ai /, / oi /, / ei /
rise noise vase realise advertise
* Một số trờng hợp đặc biệt
/ s / / z /
- / ei / base raise
- / u: / loose lose
- / i: / increase please
- / o: / horse cause
Exercise: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others
1. A. thursday B. perhaps C. umbrellas D. see
2. A. runs B. restore C. design D. dogs
3. A. advise B. promise C. release D. tense
4. A. nose B. raise C. baseball D. those
5. A. erase B. nose C. rise D. immense
6. A. devise B. surprise C. practise D. advertise
7. A. houses B. faces C. horses D. places
8. A. pleasure B. sound C. same D. best
9. A. machine B. sure C. sugar D. soup
10. A. tells B. talks C. stays D. steals
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