Đánh giá hiệu lực của một số loại thuốc Bảo vệ thực vật đối với rệp muội hại cao lương ngọt cao sản nhập nội từ Nhật Bản vụ Xuân 2015 tại Thái Nguyên (Khóa luận tốt nghiệp)

: Chính quy
Chuyên ngành

:

Khoa

:
: 2011 - 2015


THÁI NGUYÊN

: Chính quy
Chuyên ngành

:
: K43B -

Khoa

: Nô
: 2011 - 2015
: Ths.


i

sinh viên

Nguyên,

:

quý báu này.
Th.S.

.
.

Sinh viên


ii

....................................15

...................................................................................17
3:

trong
........................................................................18
...............................27

4.2:

,
2015............................................................29

ng 4.3:

BVTV
5..............................33

4.4:

.................................35


iii

2.1:
2.2:

..............8
.

thành (B)................................................................................................8
2.3:

.........................................9

(Rhopalosiphum maidis) .....................................................................31
(Rhopalosiphum maidis).... 31
4.3:

...............................32

Hình 4.5:

...................................37

iv

FAO

: Food and Agriculture Organization
(

BVTV

NLSH
PB
SL
TTHH
TV

: Phân bón

)


v

Trang
:

..................................................................................................... 1

......................................................................1

1.2.

...........................................................2

1.2.1.

.....................................................................2

1.2.2.

.......................................................................2

1.3.
1.3.1.

................................................................................2
..................................................................2
.........................................................................3

:

.......................................................................... 4

2.1.

....................................................................4

2.1.1.
2.1.2.

.........4
,

..............................6

2.1.3.

...........................................12

2.1.4.

..............................14

2.2.

..................17
...............................17
..............................20

:

..... 22

........................................22
3.1.1.

................................................................22
...................................................................22

3.1.3.

...................................................................22

3.2

.....................................................22

3.3

.........................................................................22

3.4

...................................................................22


vi

3.4.1.
[3]..................................................................22
3.4.2.

(Quách
..............................................................................23

3.4

.................................................................................................24
3.4

.........................................................26

:

................................................................. 27

4.1.

,

4.2.

2015... ..27

,
.......................................................................29

4.3.
............................................................................................31

..........................................................................33
4.5.
5 .............................................................................................. 34
...................................................................... 38

.............................................................................................38
5.1.1

,

.........38
..........................38
.................38

..............................................................................38
..............................................................................................38
...................................................................................... 39


1

93)

(Detrain C. et al, 2010; Francois J.V. et al., 2012; Verheggen F.J.et al.,

H., 1991) [31].
à

,

40
(Blackman

&Eastop, 2000) [20],
,


2

(Ribbands

C.R., 1964) [51].
.

,

,

.

1.2.
1.2.1.
-

1.2.2.
2015
-

1.3.
1.3.1.
-

p


3

.
-

1.3.

4

U
2.1.

.

(2002) [4], [9], [6

2.1.1.
2.1.1.1. N
Theo Van Emden, H.F.(1972) [60]
10
60%

,

3.805
2.236

.

1976 Ghosh A.K.


5

4.000

8

,

1.000

.
, châu Âu,

,
doidea (Blackman & Eastop 1984) [19].
:
240

(Masahisa, 1971.) [44];

170

(Ghosh 1976 ) [37].

397

150
70%

,7

,

(Raychaudhuri (1980)

[50].

.

Waterhouse (1993) [62]

9
.

2.1.1.2.
1967
9
(1968) [58]

(

1968

, 1976) [13]. Szelgiewicz

22

.

(1983) [1],

(1999) [14]

1977- 1978

11

(1977) [11],

. Theo

4

i.

(1992) [10]

6

Minh Trung,

(1993) [12]

.

8
,

,

.

(1996) [8]

14

.
18

(1996) [5]
.


6

(Ba Lan ,Nga)
.
28

.

.
2.1.2.

,

(Blackman & Eastop, 2000) [20

Eastop, 2000) [20

50 ngày (Toba, 1964)
[59
nhau. Theo Suarez et al (1991) [57

có cánh (alate)

-

2.1.2.1.
*

(Greenbug - Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)
Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)


7

vòng 20 (Studebaker và cs., 2013) [54].

.
p cày ký sinh, loài ong
o

(Studebaker và cs., 2013) [54].

(Studebaker và cs., 2013) [54].

C


8

2.1:

- Sipha flava (Forbes))

*
vàng mía (Sipha flava Forbes)
lông (Studebaker và cs., 2013) [54].

cá t

và cs., 2013) [54].

B

2.2:

.
thành (B)


9

*

Corn Leaf Aphid - Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch))
Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch)

,

Studebaker và cs., 2013) [54].

2.3:

2.1.2.2.
,
,
,

.
(Petitt and Smilowitz, 1982) [48].
,

,

(Mau and Kessing, 1991; Karimullah et al. 1995;

Saljoqi and van Emden, 2003; Saljoqi, 2009) [45], [42], [53], [52].


10

(Blackman &Eastop, 2000) [20].
,

(Namba and Sylvester , 1981) [ 46].
: Potato Virus A (PVA), Potato Virus X (PVX), Potato Virus Y
(PVY), Potato Virus S (PVS), Potato Leaf roll Virus (PLRV).

, hai
7,5

44,0

52,2%

60%

50%,

15,7%

.

thu (Sjekhawat, 1990; Capinera,

2001) [55], [24].
,

(Detrain

C., 2010; Flint M.L. et al, 1999; Francois J.V.et al, 2012; Hubbell S., 1993;
Nault L.R. et al, 1976; Verheggen F.J. et al, 2009) [29], [34], [35], [41], [47],
[61],

ho

,
(Avasthy P.N., 1973) [17]

,

,

(Cheu S.P.et al, 1946; Flint

M.L., 1999) [25], [34]

,
(Dubnik H., 1991); Hafez S.A., 1975) [31], [39].

(Dik A.J. et al, 1992) [30].

,


11

2.1.2.3.
.
. Slabospitskii (1980) [56]
Episyphus balteatus (Deg.),
Sphaerophoria rueppellii (Wied.), S. Sarmatica Bank, Syrphus ribesii (L.)
Metasyrphus corollae (F.).

,

(1981) [15]

. Fabae, Lipaphis erysimi, A. Gossypii
Diaeretiella rapae

Ephedrus plagiato
Episyphus

.

balteatus (Deg.)

.
27
, 11

,

5

2
.

2.1.2.4.
(IPM)

,
(Boiteau et

al., 1995; Cloutier et al ., 1995; Hapter, 2007) [21], [26], [40].
:

(Aphidius, Diaeretiella, Ephedrus, Lysiphlebus,

Praon) (Pike et al., 2000),

,

,

(Entomopathogenic)

,

, virus.
68% (Karley et al., 2003; Hapter,

2007) [ 43], [40]. Cho nên ,
.
25 con/1
.

,
(Edward, 2008) [33].
(1992) [7]

58, Primor, Monitor, Nuvacron, CidiM50
.

3


12

: 20,15%, 96,9%, 69,27%, 96,63%,
96,19%.
.
,

40EC (0,05%

0,1%), 20EC (0,05%

0,15%)

(1992) [3]
0,1%); Darnitol 50EC (0,10%

.

[2]

(1994)
58, Trebon,

(Ceratovacuna lanigera).
,

99,9%, 100%, 100%

.
(County, 2007; Edward, 2008) [28], [33].
n
.
,

(1996) [8]
,

.

(128kgN/ha)
(64kgN/ha).

2.1.3.
.
+

Chinch Bug - Blissus leucopterus leucopterus (Say)
Blissus leucopterus leucopterus

phía sau,


13

+Sâu khoang (Fall Armyworm - Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith));
sâu xanh ngô (Corn Earworms - Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)); và ngài cao
- Nola sorghiella Riley)
Sâu khoang (Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith))

bông

.
+

Sorghum Midge - Stenodiplosis sorghicola (Coquillett))
Stenodiplosis sorghicola (Coquillett))
-vàng

,

.
Rice Stink Bug - Oebalus pugnax (Fabricius))
Oebalus pugnax (Fabricius))


14

.
+

(Sugarcane Borer, Diatraea saccharalis

(Fabricius); Neotropical Borer, D. lineolata (Walker); Southwestern Corn
Borer, D. grandiosella Dyar).

( [65].
2.1.4.


15

:
Tên sâu h i

Stt

Wireworms

Aeolus spp.; Eleodes spp.; Conoderus
spp.

2

Red Imported Fire Ant

Solenopsis invicta Buren

3

White Grub

Phyllophaga crinita (Burmeister)

4

Cutworms

1

B c i

Southern Corn Rootworm

Diabrotica undecimpuncta howardi
Barber

6

Yellow Sugarcane Aphid

Sipha flava (Forbes)

7

Chinch Bug

Blissus leucopterus leucopterus (Say)

8

Corn Leaf Aphid

Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch)

9

Greenbug

Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)

10

Banks Grass Mite

Oligonychus pratensis (Banks)

11

Sorghum Midge

Stenodiplosis sorghicola (Coquillett)

12 Sâu xanh ngô

Corn Earworm

Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)

13 Sâu khoang

Fall Armyworm

Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)

14 Ngài cao

Sorghum Webworm,

Nola sorghiella Riley

15

Rice Stink Bug

Oebalus pugnax (Fabricius)

16

Southern Green Stink Bug

Nezara viridula (L.)

17

Conchuela

Chlorochroa ligata (Say)

18

Leaffooted Bug

Leptoglossus phyllopus (L.)

19

False Chinch Bug

Nysius raphanus Howard

20

Sugarcane Borer

Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius)

21

Neotropical Borer

D. lineolata (Walker)

22

Southwestern Corn Borer

D. grandiosella Dyar

Mexican Rice Borer

Eoreuma loftini (Dyar)

Sugarcane Weevil

Anacentrinus deplanatus (Casey)

5

Ánh kim

Tây Nam
23
Mexico
24
Stt

Tên sâu h i

16

25

Grain Weevils

26

Rice Weevil

Sitophilus oryzae (L.)

27

Maize Weevil

Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky

28

Granary Weevil

S. granarius (L.)

29

Grain Borers

Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius)

30

Angoumois Grain Moth

Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier)

31

Flat Grain Beetle

Cryptolestes pusillus (Schnherr)

32

Rusty Grain Beetle

C. ferrugineus (Stephens)

33

Red Flour Beetle

Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)

34

Confused Flour Beetle

T. confusum (Jacquelin du Val)

35

Sawtoothed Grain Beetle

Oryzaephilus surinamenis (Linnaeus)

36

Merchant Grain Beetle

O. mercator (Fauvel)

37

Rice Moth

Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton)

38

Indian Meal Moth

Plodia interpunctella (Hubner)

39

Convergent Lady Beetle

Hippodamia
Meneville)

40

Scymnus Lady Beetle

Scymnus loewii (Mulsant)

41

Green Lacewings

Chrysoperla spp.; Chrysopa spp.

42

Minute Pirate Bug

Orius tristicolor (White)

43

Common Damsel Bug

Nabis americoferus (Carayon)

44

Large Big-eyed Bug

Geocoris bullatus (Say)

convergens

Ký sinh
45

Ong ký sinh

Braconid Wasps,
Braconidae

family

46

Ichneumonid Wasps, family
Ichneumonidae

47

Chalcid Wasps,
Chalcidae

family

58

Tachinid

Flies,
Tachonidae

family

(
[64].

(Guerin-


17

2.2.

châu Phi, châu Á và châ

3].

vào

2:

(t
2009

40,94

13,91

56,94

2010

41,58

14,44

60,06

2011

42,31

13,77

58,24

2012

38,16

14,95

57,03

2013

42,12

14,57

61,38
5) [63]

-