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Test bank saladin anatomy and physiology unity of form and function 6th ch13

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13
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________

1.

The spinal cord conducts signals up and down the body passing through gray and white matter,
respectively.
True False

2.

Cervical and lumbar enlargements are wide points in the spinal cord marking the emergence of motor
nerves.
True False

3.

Each portion of the spinal cord served by a spinal nerve is called a segment of the cord.
True False

4.

Nerve fibers in a given tract in the white matter are similar in origin, destination, and function.
True False

5.

Motor signals typically begin in an upper motor neuron in the thalamus.
True False

6.



Most nerves are motor nerves.
True False

7.

A nerve fiber is enclosed in its own fibrous sleeve called perineurium.
True False

8.

A ganglion is a swelling along a nerve containing cell bodies of peripheral neurons.
True False

9.

A dermatome is a nerve innervating a specific region in the skin.
True False

10. Posterior root ganglia contain somas of unipolar neurons.
True False
11. Somatic reflexes are responses of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.
True False
12. The stretch reflex is a tendency of a muscle to stretch when it is overcontracted.
True False
13. A stretch reflex is often accompanied by reciprocal inhibition.
True False
14. The tendon reflex is the inhibition of a muscle contraction that occurs when its tendon is excessively
stretched.
True False

15. The cross extension reflex is the contraction of the extensors on one side of the body when the flexors are
contracted on the other side.
True False


16. The upper motor neurons that control skeletal muscles begin with a soma in
A. the posterior horn of the spinal cord.
B. the anterior horn of the spinal cord.
C. the motor association cortex of the cerebrum.
D. the postcentral gyrus of the cerebrum.
E. the precentral gyrus of the cerebrum.
17. The signals that control your handwriting travel down the spinal cord in
A. the tectospinal tracts.
B. the corticospinal tracts.
C. the lateral vestibulospinal tracts.
D. the medial vestibulospinal tracts.
E. the spinocerebellar tracts.
18. Many upper motor neurons synapse with lower motor neurons in
A. the posterior horns.
B. the anterior horns.
C. the posterior column.
D. the anterior column.
E. the posterior root ganglion.
19. Which of the following sensory functions involves neurons in the posterior root ganglia?
A. smell
B. hearing
C. touch
D. taste
E. vision
20. The spinal cord is divided into all of the following regions except

A. cervical.
B. thoracic.
C. lumbar.
D. pelvic.
E. sacral.
21. The following are all functions associated with the spinal cord except
A. to protect neurons in both the ascending and descending tracts.
B. to mediate a reflex such as the withdrawal of a hand from pain.
C. to conduct sensory information up to the brain.
D. to conduct motor information down the cord.
E. to coordinate the alternating contraction of several muscle groups associated with locomotion.
22. Which of the following fractures would be the least likely to cause a spinal cord injury?
A. a fracture of vertebra C2
B. a fracture of vertebra C6
C. a fracture of vertebra T5
D. a fracture of vertebra T12
E. a fracture of vertebra L4


23. This figure shows a detail of the spinal cord, meninges, and spinal nerves. What does "1" represent?
A. anterior horn
B. anterior root of a spinal nerve
C. posterior root of a spinal nerve
D. posterior horn
E. spinal nerve
24. This figure shows a detail of the spinal cord, meninges, and spinal nerves. What does "4" represent?
A. gray matter
B. white matter
C. dura mater
D. arachnoid mater

E. pia mater
25. Epidural anesthesia is introduced in the epidural space between the ___ to block pain signals during
pregnancy.
A. dural sheath and dura mater
B. dural sheath and vertebral bones
C. dura mater and arachnoid mater
D. arachnoid mater and pia mater
E. dura mater and pia mater

26. This figure shows a cross section of the spinal cord. What does "3" represent?
A. anterior horn
B. posterior horn
C. anterior column
D. posterior column
E. anterior root of spinal cord
27. Cerebrospinal fluid fills in the space between the
A. dural sheath and dura mater.
B. dural sheath and vertebral bones.
C. dura mater and arachnoid mater.
D. arachnoid mater and pia mater.
E. dura mater and pia mater.


28. Which of the following structures is the richest in lipid content?
A. gray matter
B. white matter
C. arachnoid mater
D. dura mater
E. pia mater
29. Gray matter contains

A. glial cells, axons of motor neurons, and Schwann cells.
B. glial cells and myelinated fibers.
C. neurosomas, dendrites, and proximal parts of axons of neurons.
D. the distal part of axons of lower order motor neurons.
E. glial cells only.
30. ___ carry motor commands from the brain along the spinal cord.
A. Both anterior and posterior roots
B. Ascending tracts
C. Spinal nerves
D. Cranial nerves
E. Descending tracts
31. Second-order neurons synapse with third-order neurons in the
A. thalamus.
B. dorsal root ganglion.
C. spinal cord.
D. cerebral cortex.
E. medulla oblongata.
32. ___ keep(s) nerve fibers insulated from one another.
A. Perineurium
B. Endoneurium
C. Fascicles
D. Epineurium
E. Blood vessels
33. ___ fibers innervate eyes and ears.
A. White
B. Visceral
C. Somatic
D. Special
E. General
34. A ganglion is a

A. bundle of axons in the CNS.
B. cluster of dendrites in either the CNS or the PNS.
C. cluster of neurosomas in the PNS.
D. bundle of axons in the PNS.
E. cluster of neurosomas in the CNS.
35. There are __ pairs of spinal nerves.
A. 12
B. 24
C. 31
D. 35
E. 62


36. This figure shows the anatomy of a nerve. What does "3" represent?
A. nerve fiber
B. spinal nerve
C. epineurium
D. endoneurium
E. perineurium

37. This figure shows the posterior aspect of spinal nerve roots and plexuses. What does "3" represent?
A. cervical plexus
B. brachial plexus
C. coccygeal plexus
D. sacral plexus
E. lumbar plexus
38. This figure shows the posterior aspect of spinal nerve roots and plexuses. What does "2" represent?
A. the medulla oblongata
B. a bundle of spinal nerves
C. a bundle of cranial nerves

D. the cervical enlargement
E. the brachial enlargement


39. The ventral rami of the spinal nerves form nerve plexuses in all regions except
A. the thoracic region.
B. the brachial region.
C. the cervical region.
D. the lumbar region.
E. the sacral region.
40. The cervical plexus gives origin to the ___ nerve(s).
A. oculomotor
B. sciatic
C. musculocutaneous
D. radial
E. phrenic
41. Which of the following nerves originates in the lumbosacral plexus?
A. axillary
B. sciatic
C. phrenic
D. ilioinguinal
E. obturator

42. This figure shows a dermatome map. A patient with no sensation in the left thumb would probably have a
nerve damaged in
A. T1.
B. T5.
C. C5.
D. C6.
E. L3.

43. Which of these is an ascending tract of the spinal cord?
A. the lateral tectospinal tract
B. the medial reticulospinal tract
C. the ventral corticospinal tract
D. the vestibulospinal tract
E. the gracile fasciculus


44. A mixed nerve consists of both
A. myelinated and unmyelinated fibers.
B. glial cells and nerve cells.
C. afferent and efferent fibers.
D. association and integration neurons.
E. spinal and cranial fibers.
45. Which of the following branches of a spinal nerve have somas of solely sensory neurons?
A. posterior (dorsal) root
B. anterior (ventral) root
C. posterior ramus
D. anterior ramus
E. meningeal branch
46. The bundle of nerve roots that occupy the vertebral canal from L2 to S5 is called the
A. medullary cone.
B. cauda equina.
C. lumbar enlargement.
D. cervical enlargement.
E. spinal cord.
47. Somatosensory refers to these sensory signals except the sensory signals from
A. bones and muscles.
B. joints.
C. proprioceptors.

D. the viscera.
E. the skin.
48. Neurosomas of the posterior root are located in the ___, whereas neurosomas of the anterior root are
located in the ___.
A. posterior root ganglion; gray matter
B. posterior root ganglion; white matter
C. gray matter; white matter
D. posterior root; anterior root
E. white matter; gray matter
49. A ___ is a cordlike organ composed of numerous ___.
A. nerve fiber; nerves
B. nerve fiber; axons
C. nerve; axons
D. nerve fiber; neurosomas
E. nerve; neurosomas
50. Which one of the following best describes the order of a somatic reflex?
A. somatic receptor → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → efferent nerve fiber → skeletal muscle
B. somatic receptor → efferent nerve fiber → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → skeletal muscle
C. somatic receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → skeletal muscle
D. somatic receptor → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → skeletal muscle
E. somatic receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → smooth muscle
51. Which of the following groups of muscles have the most muscle spindles?
A. muscles of the hand
B. muscles of the back
C. muscles of the thigh
D. muscles of the middle-ear
E. muscles of the torso


52. These are all properties of reflexes except

A. reflex responses are very predictable.
B. reflexes are responses to sensory inputs.
C. reflexes are quick responses of the nervous system.
D. reflexes are not voluntary.
E. reflexes are spontaneous actions of the nervous system.
53. A muscle spindle contains mostly
A. glial cells.
B. muscle fibers.
C. fascicles.
D. nerves.
E. nerve cells.
54. A nurse pricks your finger to type your blood. You flinch at the pain, pulling your hand back. This is
called the
A. painful reflex.
B. stretch (myotatic) reflex.
C. flexor (withdrawal) reflex.
D. tendon reflex.
E. crossed extension reflex.
55. The quickest reflex arcs involve only two neurons, thus forming __ reflex arcs.
A. ipsilateral
B. contralateral
C. polysynaptic
D. monosynaptic
E. autonomic
56. The flexor (withdrawal) reflex employs a ____, which maintains a sustained contraction.
A. parallel after-discharge circuit
B. diverging circuit
C. converging circuit
D. closed circuit
E. reverberating circuit

57. If a bee sting on the right thigh causes a quick involuntary reaction of the right arm, this would be an
example of
A. an ipsilateral reflex.
B. an intersegmental reflex.
C. a withdrawal reflex.
D. a crossed extensor reflex.
E. a contralateral reflex.
58. The sensitivity of the muscle spindle is maintained by
A. a stretch reflex.
B. alpha motor neurons.
C. gamma motor neurons.
D. anulospiral endings.
E. secondary afferent (group II) fibers.
59. The fibers that carry action potentials to cause skeletal muscle to contract are
A. gamma motor neurons.
B. anulospiral endings.
C. intrafusal fibers.
D. extrafusal fibers.
E. alpha motor neurons.


60. You go to the movies after a long day and you begin to nod off as soon as the movie starts. Your head
starts to lower a little but this reflex causes your head to rise. This is called the
A. tendon reflex.
B. crossed extension reflex.
C. withdrawal reflex.
D. stretch (myotatic) reflex.
E. flexor (withdrawal) reflex.
61. In the patellar tendon reflex arc, the patellar ligament is stretched, which stretches the quadriceps femoris
muscle of the thigh. This reflex will cause the quadriceps femoris to

A. contract and the antagonist muscles, the hamstrings, to relax.
B. contract and the hamstrings also to contract.
C. relax and the hamstrings to contract.
D. relax and the hamstrings also to relax.
E. relax without any effect on the hamstrings.
62. A reflex where the sensory input and motor output are on opposite sides of the spinal cord is called a(n)
_____ reflex arc.
A. intersegmental
B. contralateral
C. ipsilateral
D. polysynaptic
E. monosynaptic
63. The tendon reflex
A. causes a muscle that is being stretched to contract.
B. makes the contralateral motor neurons contract.
C. makes the ipsilateral motor neurons relax.
D. prevents overcontraction of a muscle.
E. causes a tendon to contract.
64. This reflex shows the least synaptic delay.
A. polysynaptic reflex
B. cross extension reflex
C. withdrawal reflex
D. flexor reflex
E. tendon reflex
65. Tendon organs are
A. chemoreceptors.
B. visceral receptors.
C. proprioceptors.
D. pain receptors.
E. nociceptors.



13 Key
1.

The spinal cord conducts signals up and down the body passing through gray and white matter,
respectively.
FALSE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.01.a State the three principal functions of the spinal cord.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #1
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

2.

Cervical and lumbar enlargements are wide points in the spinal cord marking the emergence of motor
nerves.
FALSE
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Saladin - Chapter 13 #2
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

3.

Each portion of the spinal cord served by a spinal nerve is called a segment of the cord.
TRUE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember

Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Saladin - Chapter 13 #3
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

4.

Nerve fibers in a given tract in the white matter are similar in origin, destination, and function.
TRUE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Saladin - Chapter 13 #4
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

5.

Motor signals typically begin in an upper motor neuron in the thalamus.
FALSE
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 13.01.c Trace the pathways followed by nerve signals traveling up and down the spinal cord.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #5
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

6.

Most nerves are motor nerves.
FALSE
Blooms Level: 2. Understand

Learning Outcome: 13.02.a Describe the anatomy of nerves and ganglia in general.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #6
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System

7.

A nerve fiber is enclosed in its own fibrous sleeve called perineurium.
FALSE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.02.a Describe the anatomy of nerves and ganglia in general.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #7
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System

8.

A ganglion is a swelling along a nerve containing cell bodies of peripheral neurons.
TRUE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.02.a Describe the anatomy of nerves and ganglia in general.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #8
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System


9.

A dermatome is a nerve innervating a specific region in the skin.
FALSE

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 13.02.c Trace the branches of a spinal nerve distal to its attachments.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #9
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System

10.

Posterior root ganglia contain somas of unipolar neurons.
TRUE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.02.b Describe the attachments of a spinal nerve to the spinal cord.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #10
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System

11.

Somatic reflexes are responses of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.
FALSE
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 13.03.a Define reflex and explain how reflexes differ from other motor actions.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #11
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

12.

The stretch reflex is a tendency of a muscle to stretch when it is overcontracted.
FALSE

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #12
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

13.

A stretch reflex is often accompanied by reciprocal inhibition.
TRUE
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #13
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

14.

The tendon reflex is the inhibition of a muscle contraction that occurs when its tendon is excessively
stretched.
TRUE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #14
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

15.

The cross extension reflex is the contraction of the extensors on one side of the body when the flexors

are contracted on the other side.
TRUE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #15
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

16.

The upper motor neurons that control skeletal muscles begin with a soma in
A. the posterior horn of the spinal cord.
B. the anterior horn of the spinal cord.
C. the motor association cortex of the cerebrum.
D. the postcentral gyrus of the cerebrum.
E. the precentral gyrus of the cerebrum.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.01.c Trace the pathways followed by nerve signals traveling up and down the spinal cord.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #16
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System


17.

The signals that control your handwriting travel down the spinal cord in
A. the tectospinal tracts.
B. the corticospinal tracts.
C. the lateral vestibulospinal tracts.
D. the medial vestibulospinal tracts.

E. the spinocerebellar tracts.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 13.01.c Trace the pathways followed by nerve signals traveling up and down the spinal cord.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #17
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

18.

Many upper motor neurons synapse with lower motor neurons in
A. the posterior horns.
B. the anterior horns.
C. the posterior column.
D. the anterior column.
E. the posterior root ganglion.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.01.c Trace the pathways followed by nerve signals traveling up and down the spinal cord.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #18
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

19.

Which of the following sensory functions involves neurons in the posterior root ganglia?
A. smell
B. hearing
C. touch
D. taste
E. vision
Blooms Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Saladin - Chapter 13 #19
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

20.

The spinal cord is divided into all of the following regions except
A. cervical.
B. thoracic.
C. lumbar.
D. pelvic.
E. sacral.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Saladin - Chapter 13 #20
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

21.

The following are all functions associated with the spinal cord except
A. to protect neurons in both the ascending and descending tracts.
B. to mediate a reflex such as the withdrawal of a hand from pain.
C. to conduct sensory information up to the brain.
D. to conduct motor information down the cord.
E. to coordinate the alternating contraction of several muscle groups associated with locomotion.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 13.01.a State the three principal functions of the spinal cord.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #21

Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System


22.

Which of the following fractures would be the least likely to cause a spinal cord injury?
A. a fracture of vertebra C2
B. a fracture of vertebra C6
C. a fracture of vertebra T5
D. a fracture of vertebra T12
E. a fracture of vertebra L4
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Saladin - Chapter 13 #22
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

Saladin - Chapter 13

23.

This figure shows a detail of the spinal cord, meninges, and spinal nerves. What does "1" represent?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

anterior horn

anterior root of a spinal nerve
posterior root of a spinal nerve
posterior horn
spinal nerve
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 13.02b
Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Saladin - Chapter 13 #23
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

24.

This figure shows a detail of the spinal cord, meninges, and spinal nerves. What does "4" represent?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

gray matter
white matter
dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 13.02b
Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Saladin - Chapter 13 #24
Section: 13.01

Topic: Nervous System

25.

Epidural anesthesia is introduced in the epidural space between the ___ to block pain signals during
pregnancy.
A. dural sheath and dura mater
B. dural sheath and vertebral bones
C. dura mater and arachnoid mater
D. arachnoid mater and pia mater
E. dura mater and pia mater
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Saladin - Chapter 13 #25
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System


Saladin - Chapter 13

26.

This figure shows a cross section of the spinal cord. What does "3" represent?
A. anterior horn
B. posterior horn
C. anterior column
D. posterior column
E. anterior root of spinal cord
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 13.02b

Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Saladin - Chapter 13 #26
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

27.

Cerebrospinal fluid fills in the space between the
A. dural sheath and dura mater.
B. dural sheath and vertebral bones.
C. dura mater and arachnoid mater.
D. arachnoid mater and pia mater.
E. dura mater and pia mater.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Saladin - Chapter 13 #27
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

28.

Which of the following structures is the richest in lipid content?
A. gray matter
B. white matter
C. arachnoid mater
D. dura mater
E. pia mater
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Saladin - Chapter 13 #28

Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

29.

Gray matter contains
A. glial cells, axons of motor neurons, and Schwann cells.
B. glial cells and myelinated fibers.
C. neurosomas, dendrites, and proximal parts of axons of neurons.
D. the distal part of axons of lower order motor neurons.
E. glial cells only.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Saladin - Chapter 13 #29
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

30.

___ carry motor commands from the brain along the spinal cord.
A. Both anterior and posterior roots
B. Ascending tracts
C. Spinal nerves
D. Cranial nerves
E. Descending tracts
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.01.c Trace the pathways followed by nerve signals traveling up and down the spinal cord.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #30
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System



31.

Second-order neurons synapse with third-order neurons in the
A. thalamus.
B. dorsal root ganglion.
C. spinal cord.
D. cerebral cortex.
E. medulla oblongata.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.01.c Trace the pathways followed by nerve signals traveling up and down the spinal cord.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #31
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

32.

___ keep(s) nerve fibers insulated from one another.
A. Perineurium
B. Endoneurium
C. Fascicles
D. Epineurium
E. Blood vessels
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.02.a Describe the anatomy of nerves and ganglia in general.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #32
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System


33.

___ fibers innervate eyes and ears.
A. White
B. Visceral
C. Somatic
D. Special
E. General
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.02.a Describe the anatomy of nerves and ganglia in general.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #33
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System

34.

A ganglion is a
A. bundle of axons in the CNS.
B. cluster of dendrites in either the CNS or the PNS.
C. cluster of neurosomas in the PNS.
D. bundle of axons in the PNS.
E. cluster of neurosomas in the CNS.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.02.a Describe the anatomy of nerves and ganglia in general.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #34
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System

35.


There are __ pairs of spinal nerves.
A. 12
B. 24
C. 31
D. 35
E. 62
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.02.b Describe the attachments of a spinal nerve to the spinal cord.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #35
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System


Saladin - Chapter 13

36.

This figure shows the anatomy of a nerve. What does "3" represent?
A. nerve fiber
B. spinal nerve
C. epineurium
D. endoneurium
E. perineurium
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 13.08a
Learning Outcome: 13.02.a Describe the anatomy of nerves and ganglia in general.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #36
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System


Saladin - Chapter 13


37.

This figure shows the posterior aspect of spinal nerve roots and plexuses. What does "3" represent?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

cervical plexus
brachial plexus
coccygeal plexus
sacral plexus
lumbar plexus
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 13.10
Learning Outcome: 13.02.b Describe the attachments of a spinal nerve to the spinal cord.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #37
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System

38.

This figure shows the posterior aspect of spinal nerve roots and plexuses. What does "2" represent?
A.
B.
C.

D.
E.

the medulla oblongata
a bundle of spinal nerves
a bundle of cranial nerves
the cervical enlargement
the brachial enlargement
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 13.10
Learning Outcome: 13.02.b Describe the attachments of a spinal nerve to the spinal cord.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #38
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System

39.

The ventral rami of the spinal nerves form nerve plexuses in all regions except
A. the thoracic region.
B. the brachial region.
C. the cervical region.
D. the lumbar region.
E. the sacral region.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.02.c Trace the branches of a spinal nerve distal to its attachments.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #39
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System

40.


The cervical plexus gives origin to the ___ nerve(s).
A. oculomotor
B. sciatic
C. musculocutaneous
D. radial
E. phrenic
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.02.c Trace the branches of a spinal nerve distal to its attachments.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #40
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System

41.

Which of the following nerves originates in the lumbosacral plexus?
A. axillary
B. sciatic
C. phrenic
D. ilioinguinal
E. obturator
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.02.c Trace the branches of a spinal nerve distal to its attachments.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #41
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System


Saladin - Chapter 13


42.

This figure shows a dermatome map. A patient with no sensation in the left thumb would probably
have a nerve damaged in
A. T1.
B. T5.
C. C5.
D. C6.
E. L3.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Figure: 13.19
Learning Outcome: 13.02.c Trace the branches of a spinal nerve distal to its attachments.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #42
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System

43.

Which of these is an ascending tract of the spinal cord?
A. the lateral tectospinal tract
B. the medial reticulospinal tract
C. the ventral corticospinal tract
D. the vestibulospinal tract
E. the gracile fasciculus
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.01.c Trace the pathways followed by nerve signals traveling up and down the spinal cord.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #43
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System


44.

A mixed nerve consists of both
A. myelinated and unmyelinated fibers.
B. glial cells and nerve cells.
C. afferent and efferent fibers.
D. association and integration neurons.
E. spinal and cranial fibers.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 13.02.a Describe the anatomy of nerves and ganglia in general.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #44
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System


45.

Which of the following branches of a spinal nerve have somas of solely sensory neurons?
A. posterior (dorsal) root
B. anterior (ventral) root
C. posterior ramus
D. anterior ramus
E. meningeal branch
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.02.a Describe the anatomy of nerves and ganglia in general.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #45
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System

46.


The bundle of nerve roots that occupy the vertebral canal from L2 to S5 is called the
A. medullary cone.
B. cauda equina.
C. lumbar enlargement.
D. cervical enlargement.
E. spinal cord.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Saladin - Chapter 13 #46
Section: 13.01
Topic: Nervous System

47.

Somatosensory refers to these sensory signals except the sensory signals from
A. bones and muscles.
B. joints.
C. proprioceptors.
D. the viscera.
E. the skin.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 13.02.a Describe the anatomy of nerves and ganglia in general.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #47
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System

48.

Neurosomas of the posterior root are located in the ___, whereas neurosomas of the anterior root are

located in the ___.
A. posterior root ganglion; gray matter
B. posterior root ganglion; white matter
C. gray matter; white matter
D. posterior root; anterior root
E. white matter; gray matter
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.02.a Describe the anatomy of nerves and ganglia in general.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #48
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System

49.

A ___ is a cordlike organ composed of numerous ___.
A. nerve fiber; nerves
B. nerve fiber; axons
C. nerve; axons
D. nerve fiber; neurosomas
E. nerve; neurosomas
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 13.02.a Describe the anatomy of nerves and ganglia in general.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #49
Section: 13.02
Topic: Nervous System


50.

Which one of the following best describes the order of a somatic reflex?

A. somatic receptor → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → efferent nerve fiber → skeletal muscle
B. somatic receptor → efferent nerve fiber → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → skeletal muscle
C. somatic receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → skeletal muscle
D. somatic receptor → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → skeletal muscle
E. somatic receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → smooth muscle
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.03.b Describe the general components of a typical reflex.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #50
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

51.

Which of the following groups of muscles have the most muscle spindles?
A. muscles of the hand
B. muscles of the back
C. muscles of the thigh
D. muscles of the middle-ear
E. muscles of the torso
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #51
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

52.

These are all properties of reflexes except
A. reflex responses are very predictable.
B. reflexes are responses to sensory inputs.

C. reflexes are quick responses of the nervous system.
D. reflexes are not voluntary.
E. reflexes are spontaneous actions of the nervous system.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 13.03.a Define reflex and explain how reflexes differ from other motor actions.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #52
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

53.

A muscle spindle contains mostly
A. glial cells.
B. muscle fibers.
C. fascicles.
D. nerves.
E. nerve cells.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #53
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

54.

A nurse pricks your finger to type your blood. You flinch at the pain, pulling your hand back. This is
called the
A. painful reflex.
B. stretch (myotatic) reflex.
C. flexor (withdrawal) reflex.

D. tendon reflex.
E. crossed extension reflex.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #54
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System


55.

The quickest reflex arcs involve only two neurons, thus forming __ reflex arcs.
A. ipsilateral
B. contralateral
C. polysynaptic
D. monosynaptic
E. autonomic
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #55
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

56.

The flexor (withdrawal) reflex employs a ____, which maintains a sustained contraction.
A. parallel after-discharge circuit
B. diverging circuit
C. converging circuit
D. closed circuit

E. reverberating circuit
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #56
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

57.

If a bee sting on the right thigh causes a quick involuntary reaction of the right arm, this would be an
example of
A. an ipsilateral reflex.
B. an intersegmental reflex.
C. a withdrawal reflex.
D. a crossed extensor reflex.
E. a contralateral reflex.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #57
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

58.

The sensitivity of the muscle spindle is maintained by
A. a stretch reflex.
B. alpha motor neurons.
C. gamma motor neurons.
D. anulospiral endings.
E. secondary afferent (group II) fibers.

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #58
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

59.

The fibers that carry action potentials to cause skeletal muscle to contract are
A. gamma motor neurons.
B. anulospiral endings.
C. intrafusal fibers.
D. extrafusal fibers.
E. alpha motor neurons.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #59
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System


60.

You go to the movies after a long day and you begin to nod off as soon as the movie starts. Your head
starts to lower a little but this reflex causes your head to rise. This is called the
A. tendon reflex.
B. crossed extension reflex.
C. withdrawal reflex.
D. stretch (myotatic) reflex.
E. flexor (withdrawal) reflex.

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #60
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

61.

In the patellar tendon reflex arc, the patellar ligament is stretched, which stretches the quadriceps
femoris muscle of the thigh. This reflex will cause the quadriceps femoris to
A. contract and the antagonist muscles, the hamstrings, to relax.
B. contract and the hamstrings also to contract.
C. relax and the hamstrings to contract.
D. relax and the hamstrings also to relax.
E. relax without any effect on the hamstrings.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #61
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

62.

A reflex where the sensory input and motor output are on opposite sides of the spinal cord is called
a(n) _____ reflex arc.
A. intersegmental
B. contralateral
C. ipsilateral
D. polysynaptic
E. monosynaptic

Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #62
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

63.

The tendon reflex
A. causes a muscle that is being stretched to contract.
B. makes the contralateral motor neurons contract.
C. makes the ipsilateral motor neurons relax.
D. prevents overcontraction of a muscle.
E. causes a tendon to contract.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #63
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

64.

This reflex shows the least synaptic delay.
A. polysynaptic reflex
B. cross extension reflex
C. withdrawal reflex
D. flexor reflex
E. tendon reflex
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.

Saladin - Chapter 13 #64
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System


65.

Tendon organs are
A. chemoreceptors.
B. visceral receptors.
C. proprioceptors.
D. pain receptors.
E. nociceptors.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13 #65
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System


13 Summary
Category
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Figure: 13.02b
Figure: 13.08a
Figure: 13.10
Figure: 13.19

Learning Outcome: 13.01.a State the three principal functions of the spinal cord.
Learning Outcome: 13.01.b Describe its gross and microscopic structure
Learning Outcome: 13.01.c Trace the pathways followed by nerve signals traveling up and down the spinal cord.
Learning Outcome: 13.02.a Describe the anatomy of nerves and ganglia in general.
Learning Outcome: 13.02.b Describe the attachments of a spinal nerve to the spinal cord.
Learning Outcome: 13.02.c Trace the branches of a spinal nerve distal to its attachments.
Learning Outcome: 13.03.a Define reflex and explain how reflexes differ from other motor actions.
Learning Outcome: 13.03.b Describe the general components of a typical reflex.
Learning Outcome: 13.03.c Explain how the basic types of somatic reflexes function.
Saladin - Chapter 13
Section: 13.01
Section: 13.02
Section: 13.03
Topic: Nervous System

# of Questions
40
11
11
3
3
1
2
1
2
14
7
12
4
5

2
1
18
70
23
21
21
65



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