Test bank saladin anatomy and physiology unity of form and function 6th ch15

15
Student: ___________________________________________________________________________

1.

The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial to homeostasis.
True False

2.

Both divisions of the autonomic nervous system are normally active simultaneously.
True False

3.

The autonomic nervous system is composed of ganglia in the central nervous system and ganglia in the
periphery.
True False

4.

Most autonomic efferent pathways involve one neuron.
True False

5.

The parasympathetic division stimulates digestion.
True False

6.

Most preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionic fibers in the dorsal root ganglia.
True False

7.

All preganglionic fibers pass through the sympathetic chain of ganglia synapsing at least once there.
True False

8.

The adrenal medulla is a modified sympathetic ganglion.
True False

9.

Fibers of the vagus nerve end very near or within their target organs.
True False

10. The autonomic effect on a target cell depends only on the neurotransmitter reaching that target cell.
True False
11. Most sympathetic postganglionic adrenergic fibers secrete adrenaline.
True False
12. Acetylcholine (ACh) binds to both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.
True False
13. Acetylcholine (ACh) always has an excitatory effect.
True False
14. Binding of norepinephrine (NE) to an alpha-adrenergic receptor is usually excitatory, and binding to a
beta-adrenergic receptor is usually inhibitory.
True False
15. All autonomic output originates in the central nervous system.

True False
16. The autonomic nervous system controls all of the following except the
A. adrenal gland.
B. smooth muscle in the walls of the aorta.
C. cardiac muscle in the right atrium.
D. skeletal muscle in the rectus abdominis.
E. parotid salivary gland.


17. Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except
A. changing the diameter of the pupil.
B. adjusting heart rate and force.
C. altering salivary mucus secretion.
D. regulating gastrointestinal motility.
E. maintaining tonicity of the muscles of the neck.
18. Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?
A. sensory receptor → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → efferent nerve fiber → gland
B. sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → gland
C. sensory receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → gland
D. sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → gland
E. sensory receptor → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → gland
19. Parasympathetic tone
A. holds the resting heart rate below its intrinsic rate.
B. accelerates the resting heart rate above its intrinsic rate.
C. might increase or decrease heart rate depending on the situation.
D. affects heart rate only after myocardial infarction.
E. does not affect heart rate.
20. Sympathetic nerve fibers are not associated with situations involving
A. anger.
B. digestion.

C. exercise.
D. stress.
E. arousal.
21. ___ is the background rate of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity.
A. "Fight or flight" activity
B. Visceral motor activity
C. Autonomic reflex arc activity
D. Visceral tone
E. Autonomic tone.
22. The neurotransmitter(s) associated with autonomic ganglia is(are)
A. norepinephrine (NE).
B. acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE).
C. acetylcholine (ACh).
D. dopamine.
E. dopamine and norepinephrine (NE).
23. The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is ___, and/whereas the effect of somatic fibers is ___.
A. always excitatory; always excitatory too
B. excitatory or inhibitory; always excitatory
C. excitatory or inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory
D. always inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory
E. always inhibitory; always excitatory
24. Autonomic nervous system
A. controls skeletal muscle contraction.
B. has no ganglia along its nerves.
C. uses the neurotransmitter acetylcholine exclusively.
D. denervation would cause hypersensitivity.
E. usually controls conscious actions.


25. In response to high blood pressure, stretch receptors called ____ in the walls of arteries carrying blood to

the head will trigger a reflex that causes the heart to ____ its beats per minute.
A. baroreceptors; decrease
B. proprioceptors; decrease
C. baroreceptors; increase
D. proprioceptors; increase
E. chemoreceptors; increase
26. The motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system usually involves __ neurons.
A. no
B. one
C. two
D. three
E. four
27. Preganglionic fibers run from
A. posterior root ganglia to gray matter.
B. posterior root ganglia to autonomic ganglia.
C. gray matter to posterior root ganglia.
D. gray matter to autonomic ganglia.
E. autonomic ganglia to visceral effectors.
28. Preganglionic fibers of the autonomic efferent pathway are ____ and secrete ____.
A. myelinated; norepinephrine (NE)
B. myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh)
C. myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine(NE)
D. unmyelinated; acetylcholine (ACh)
E. unmyelinated; norepinephrine(NE)
29. Somatic reflexes act faster than visceral reflexes. These are all reasons for this except
A. effector pathway in the somatic reflex arc is myelinated
B. effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc involves more neurons
C. effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc involves more chemical synapses
D. some of the neurons in the effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc are unmyelinated
E. effector organs in the somatic reflex are closer to the spinal cord

30. Most fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system travel in
A. the vagus nerve.
B. the trigeminal nerve.
C. the pelvic nerve.
D. the sacral plexus.
E. the sciatic nerve.
31. Sympathetic fibers arise only from the ____ region(s) of the spinal cord.
A. cervical, thoracic, and lumbar
B. thoracic and lumbar
C. thoracic
D. cervical
E. lumbar
32. The sympathetic chain of ganglia (paravertebral ganglia) is found at the ___ levels of the spinal cord.
A. cervical and thoracic
B. thoracic and lumbar
C. thoracic, lumbar and sacral
D. sacral, lumbar and coccygeal
E. cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal


33. These are all features of the sympathetic division except
A. it originates in the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord.
B. it has long postganglionic fibers.
C. it has long preganglionic fibers.
D. its ganglia are adjacent to the spinal column.
E. it has an extensive neural divergence and a relative widespread effect.
34. These are all characteristics of the parasympathetic division except
A. its effects are local.
B. the terminal ganglia are very close to or within their target organs.
C. it originates in the craniosacral regions of the CNS.

D. it has short preganglionic fibers.
E. it has short postganglionic fibers.

35. This figure shows the neural pathway through the autonomic nervous system. What does structure "3"
represent?
A. preganglionic sympathetic fiber
B. postganglionic sympathetic fiber
C. somatic motor fiber
D. preganglionic parasympathetic fiber
E. postganglionic parasympathetic fiber
36. This figure shows the neural pathway through the autonomic nervous system. What structure(s) is(are)
not associated with the autonomic nervous system?
A. 3
B. 2 and 3
C. 1 and 6
D. 2
E. 7
37. Most preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system synapse with 10 to 20 postganglionic
neurons. This results in
A. sympathetic fibers arising in the spinal cord all along its length.
B. the sympathetic nervous system having a relative widespread effect.
C. sympathetic spinal nerves being smaller.
D. sympathetic ganglia being close to the spinal cord.
E. spinal nerves being smaller.


38. The solar plexus is used as a name for
A. the spinal nerve route.
B. the carotid plexus.
C. either the celiac and mesenteric ganglia or with celiac ganglia only.

D. the splanchic nerves.
E. the sympathetic nerve route.
39. The adrenal medulla secretes mostly
A. norepinephrine (noradrenaline).
B. dopamine.
C. endorphins.
D. acetylcholine (ACh).
E. epinephrine (adrenaline).

40. This figure shows a division of the autonomic nervous system. The label __ represents the Vagus Nerve
(CN X).
A. 4
B. 3
C. 2
D. 1
E. 5
41. Which nerve(s) carries the most parasympathetic fibers?
A. spinal nerves
B. pelvic splanchnic nerves
C. nerves of the abdominal aortic plexus
D. vagus nerve (CN X)
E. facial nerve (CN VII)


42. The parasympathetic division arises from the ___ region(s) of the spinal cord.
A. brain, thoracic, and lumbar
B. brain, sacral, and coccygeal
C. brain, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal
D. sacral and lumbar
E. brain and sacral

43. Damage to the ___ may affect near vision accommodation.
A. celiac ganglion
B. oculomotor nerve (CN III)
C. facial nerve (CN VII)
D. glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
E. cardiac plexus
44. White rami carry ____ neurons, while gray rami carry ____ neurons.
A. myelinated postganglionic; unmyelinated preganglionic
B. unmyelinated postganglionic; myelinated preganglionic
C. myelinated preganglionic; unmyelinated postganglionic
D. unmyelinated preganglionic; myelinated postganglionic
E. myelinated preganglionic; myelinated postganglionic
45. These are all characteristics of the enteric nervous systems except
A. its reflex arcs are associated with the spinal cord.
B. it does not arise from the spinal cord.
C. it innervates smooth muscle.
D. it innervates glands.
E. it does not arise from the brainstem.
46. If a cell has α adrenergic receptors, it is sensitive to
1
A. acetylcholine (ACh).
B. norepinephrine (NE).
C. adrenaline.
D. alpha adrenaline.
E. nicotine.
47. All of the following are under dual control of the ANS except
A. pupil diameter.
B. heart rate.
C. salivary gland activity.
D. adrenal medulla activity.

E. gastrointestinal motility.
48. Propranolol, a beta-blocker, is typically used to
A. increase heart rate.
B. decrease heart rate.
C. produce vasoconstriction of the coronary arteries.
D. produce vasodilation of blood vessels of skeletal muscle.
E. produce bronchodilation.
49. Which of the following is more effective in producing bronchodilation?
A. acetylcholine
B. nicotine
C. muscarine
D. norepinephrine
E. thyroxine


50. Muscarinic receptors bind
A. epinephrine.
B. norepinephrine.
C. monoamine oxidase (MAO).
D. acetylcholinesterase.
E. acetylcholine.
51. The binding of ___ to a nicotinic receptor of a muscle fiber will ___ it.
A. acetylcholine; excite
B. norepinephrine; excite
C. monoamine oxidase; inhibit
D. acetylcholine; inhibit
E. acetylcholinesterase; excite
52. Atropine is sometimes used to dilate the pupil for eye examination. Which receptor would atropine
block?
A. alpha 1 adrenergic receptor

B. nicotinic receptor
C. muscarinic receptor
D. alpha 2 adrenergic receptor
E. beta receptor
53. Antagonistic effects of the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system are exemplified in the control
of
A. blood clotting.
B. blood flow to the skeletal muscles.
C. sweating.
D. hair erection.
E. gastrointestinal motility.
54. ___ is an example of the cooperative effect between the two autonomic nervous system divisions.
A. Orgasm
B. Bronchodilation
C. Gastrointestinal secretion
D. Heart rate
E. Vasomotor tone
55. Sympathetic fibers do not release
A. acetylcholine.
B. nitric oxide (NO).
C. substance P.
D. neuropeptide Y.
E. norepinephrine.
56. Sympathetic effects tend to last ___ than parasympathetic effects. One reason is that ___.
A. shorter; acetylcholine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down
B. longer; norepinephrine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down
C. about the same; the two divisions use the same neurotransmitters
D. shorter; acetylcholine is broken down by acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
E. longer; acetylcholine is broken down by monoamine oxidase (MAO)
57. This enzyme breaks down norepinephrine (NE).

A. noradrenalinase
B. adenosine
C. monoamine oxidase (MAO)
D. norepinephrinase
E. catchol-O-methyltrasferase (COMT)


58. A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a ____ neuron, and releases the neurotransmitter ____.
A. preganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh)
B. postganglionic; norepinephrine (NE)
C. preganglionic; norepinephrine (NE)
D. postganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh)
E. somatic; norepinephrine (NE)
59. Drugs that are monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors would most likely
A. activate the parasympathetic division and allow for normal digestive system activities.
B. block ACh receptors on skeletal muscle and cause flaccid paralysis.
C. stimulate β-2 receptors and cause an increase in heart rate and dilation of bronchioles.
D. decrease the amount of NE destroyed and may be used as an antidepressant.
E. inhibit uptake of dopamine and cause depression.
60. A possible explanation for the effect of caffeine is that it blocks the receptor for a neuromodulator in the
brain called _____, which inhibits ACh release by cholinergic neurons.
A. glycine
B. dopamine
C. serotonin
D. melatonin
E. adenosine
61. Which one of the following is made up of primarily adrenergic fibers?
A. preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division
B. postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division
C. postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division

D. all motor fibers of the somatic motor system
E. preganglionic neurons of parasympathetic division
62. The ___ is an especially important center of autonomic control.
A. pons
B. medulla oblongata
C. hypothalamus
D. midbrain
E. pituitary gland
63. Autonomic function receives input from all these except
A. spinal cord.
B. cerebral cortex.
C. hypothalamus.
D. medulla oblongata.
E. somatic branch of the peripheral nervous system.
64. ___ nerve(s) pass(es) throughout sympathetic ganglia without synapsing.
A. Facial
B. Trigeminal
C. Vagus
D. Celiac
E. Splanchnic
65. Which of the following is associated with the "flight or fight" reaction?
A. pupillary constriction
B. glycogen synthesis
C. increased gastric motility
D. reduced urinary output
E. reduced heart rate



15 Key

1.

The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial to homeostasis.
FALSE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #1
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System

2.

Both divisions of the autonomic nervous system are normally active simultaneously.
TRUE
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 15.01.b Explain how the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system differ in general function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #2
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System

3.

The autonomic nervous system is composed of ganglia in the central nervous system and ganglia in
the periphery.
FALSE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #3
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System

4.

Most autonomic efferent pathways involve one neuron.
FALSE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #4
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System

5.

The parasympathetic division stimulates digestion.
TRUE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.01.b Explain how the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system differ in general function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #5
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System

6.

Most preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionic fibers in the dorsal root ganglia.
FALSE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #6
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

7.

All preganglionic fibers pass through the sympathetic chain of ganglia synapsing at least once there.
FALSE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #7
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

8.

The adrenal medulla is a modified sympathetic ganglion.
TRUE
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 15.02.b Discuss the relationship of the adrenal glands to the sympathetic nervous system.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #8
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System


9.

Fibers of the vagus nerve end very near or within their target organs.
TRUE
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #9
Section: 15.02

Topic: Nervous System

10.

The autonomic effect on a target cell depends only on the neurotransmitter reaching that target cell.
FALSE
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 15.03.a Name the neurotransmitters employed at different synapses of the ANS.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #10
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

11.

Most sympathetic postganglionic adrenergic fibers secrete adrenaline.
FALSE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.03.a Name the neurotransmitters employed at different synapses of the ANS.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #11
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

12.

Acetylcholine (ACh) binds to both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.
TRUE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.03.b Name the receptors for these neurotransmitters and explain how they relate to autonomic effects.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #12
Section: 15.03

Topic: Nervous System

13.

Acetylcholine (ACh) always has an excitatory effect.
FALSE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.03.b Name the receptors for these neurotransmitters and explain how they relate to autonomic effects.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #13
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

14.

Binding of norepinephrine (NE) to an alpha-adrenergic receptor is usually excitatory, and binding to a
beta-adrenergic receptor is usually inhibitory.
TRUE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.03.b Name the receptors for these neurotransmitters and explain how they relate to autonomic effects.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #14
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

15.

All autonomic output originates in the central nervous system.
TRUE
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.04.a Describe how the autonomic nervous system is influenced by the central nervous system.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #15

Section: 15.04
Topic: Nervous System

16.

The autonomic nervous system controls all of the following except the
A. adrenal gland.
B. smooth muscle in the walls of the aorta.
C. cardiac muscle in the right atrium.
D. skeletal muscle in the rectus abdominis.
E. parotid salivary gland.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #16
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System


17.

Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except
A. changing the diameter of the pupil.
B. adjusting heart rate and force.
C. altering salivary mucus secretion.
D. regulating gastrointestinal motility.
E. maintaining tonicity of the muscles of the neck.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #17
Section: 15.01

Topic: Nervous System

18.

Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?
A. sensory receptor → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → efferent nerve fiber → gland
B. sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → gland
C. sensory receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → gland
D. sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → gland
E. sensory receptor → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → gland
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #18
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System

19.

Parasympathetic tone
A. holds the resting heart rate below its intrinsic rate.
B. accelerates the resting heart rate above its intrinsic rate.
C. might increase or decrease heart rate depending on the situation.
D. affects heart rate only after myocardial infarction.
E. does not affect heart rate.
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 15.01.b Explain how the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system differ in general function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #19
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System

20.

Sympathetic nerve fibers are not associated with situations involving
A. anger.
B. digestion.
C. exercise.
D. stress.
E. arousal.
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 15.01.b Explain how the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system differ in general function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #20
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System

21.

___ is the background rate of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity.
A. "Fight or flight" activity
B. Visceral motor activity
C. Autonomic reflex arc activity
D. Visceral tone
E. Autonomic tone.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 15.01.b Explain how the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system differ in general function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #21
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System


22.

The neurotransmitter(s) associated with autonomic ganglia is(are)
A. norepinephrine (NE).
B. acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE).
C. acetylcholine (ACh).
D. dopamine.
E. dopamine and norepinephrine (NE).
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.03.a Name the neurotransmitters employed at different synapses of the ANS.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #22
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

23.

The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is ___, and/whereas the effect of somatic fibers is ___.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

always excitatory; always excitatory too
excitatory or inhibitory; always excitatory
excitatory or inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory
always inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory
always inhibitory; always excitatory
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #23

Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System

24.

Autonomic nervous system
A. controls skeletal muscle contraction.
B. has no ganglia along its nerves.
C. uses the neurotransmitter acetylcholine exclusively.
D. denervation would cause hypersensitivity.
E. usually controls conscious actions.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 15.01.b Explain how the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system differ in general function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #24
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System

25.

In response to high blood pressure, stretch receptors called ____ in the walls of arteries carrying blood
to the head will trigger a reflex that causes the heart to ____ its beats per minute.
A. baroreceptors; decrease
B. proprioceptors; decrease
C. baroreceptors; increase
D. proprioceptors; increase
E. chemoreceptors; increase
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #25
Section: 15.01

Topic: Nervous System

26.

The motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system usually involves __ neurons.
A. no
B. one
C. two
D. three
E. four
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #26
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System


27.

Preganglionic fibers run from
A. posterior root ganglia to gray matter.
B. posterior root ganglia to autonomic ganglia.
C. gray matter to posterior root ganglia.
D. gray matter to autonomic ganglia.
E. autonomic ganglia to visceral effectors.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #27
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System

28.

Preganglionic fibers of the autonomic efferent pathway are ____ and secrete ____.
A. myelinated; norepinephrine (NE)
B. myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh)
C. myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine(NE)
D. unmyelinated; acetylcholine (ACh)
E. unmyelinated; norepinephrine(NE)
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #28
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System

29.

Somatic reflexes act faster than visceral reflexes. These are all reasons for this except
A. effector pathway in the somatic reflex arc is myelinated
B. effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc involves more neurons
C. effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc involves more chemical synapses
D. some of the neurons in the effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc are unmyelinated
E. effector organs in the somatic reflex are closer to the spinal cord
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #29
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System

30.

Most fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system travel in
A. the vagus nerve.
B. the trigeminal nerve.
C. the pelvic nerve.
D. the sacral plexus.
E. the sciatic nerve.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #30
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

31.

Sympathetic fibers arise only from the ____ region(s) of the spinal cord.
A. cervical, thoracic, and lumbar
B. thoracic and lumbar
C. thoracic
D. cervical
E. lumbar
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #31
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System


32.

The sympathetic chain of ganglia (paravertebral ganglia) is found at the ___ levels of the spinal cord.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

cervical and thoracic
thoracic and lumbar
thoracic, lumbar and sacral
sacral, lumbar and coccygeal
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #32
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

33.

These are all features of the sympathetic division except
A. it originates in the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord.
B. it has long postganglionic fibers.
C. it has long preganglionic fibers.
D. its ganglia are adjacent to the spinal column.
E. it has an extensive neural divergence and a relative widespread effect.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #33
Section: 15.02

Topic: Nervous System

34.

These are all characteristics of the parasympathetic division except
A. its effects are local.
B. the terminal ganglia are very close to or within their target organs.
C. it originates in the craniosacral regions of the CNS.
D. it has short preganglionic fibers.
E. it has short postganglionic fibers.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #34
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

Saladin - Chapter 15


35.

This figure shows the neural pathway through the autonomic nervous system. What does structure "3"
represent?
A. preganglionic sympathetic fiber
B. postganglionic sympathetic fiber
C. somatic motor fiber
D. preganglionic parasympathetic fiber
E. postganglionic parasympathetic fiber
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 15.05

Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #35
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

36.

This figure shows the neural pathway through the autonomic nervous system. What structure(s) is(are)
not associated with the autonomic nervous system?
A. 3
B. 2 and 3
C. 1 and 6
D. 2
E. 7
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #36
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

37.

Most preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system synapse with 10 to 20 postganglionic
neurons. This results in
A. sympathetic fibers arising in the spinal cord all along its length.
B. the sympathetic nervous system having a relative widespread effect.
C. sympathetic spinal nerves being smaller.
D. sympathetic ganglia being close to the spinal cord.
E. spinal nerves being smaller.
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate

Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #37
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

38.

The solar plexus is used as a name for
A. the spinal nerve route.
B. the carotid plexus.
C. either the celiac and mesenteric ganglia or with celiac ganglia only.
D. the splanchic nerves.
E. the sympathetic nerve route.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #38
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

39.

The adrenal medulla secretes mostly
A. norepinephrine (noradrenaline).
B. dopamine.
C. endorphins.
D. acetylcholine (ACh).
E. epinephrine (adrenaline).
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.02.b Discuss the relationship of the adrenal glands to the sympathetic nervous system.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #39

Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System


Saladin - Chapter 15

40.

This figure shows a division of the autonomic nervous system. The label __ represents the Vagus
Nerve (CN X).
A. 4
B. 3
C. 2
D. 1
E. 5
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Figure: 15.07
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #40
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

41.

Which nerve(s) carries the most parasympathetic fibers?
A. spinal nerves
B. pelvic splanchnic nerves
C. nerves of the abdominal aortic plexus
D. vagus nerve (CN X)
E. facial nerve (CN VII)

Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #41
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System


42.

The parasympathetic division arises from the ___ region(s) of the spinal cord.
A. brain, thoracic, and lumbar
B. brain, sacral, and coccygeal
C. brain, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal
D. sacral and lumbar
E. brain and sacral
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #42
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

43.

Damage to the ___ may affect near vision accommodation.
A. celiac ganglion
B. oculomotor nerve (CN III)
C. facial nerve (CN VII)
D. glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
E. cardiac plexus
Blooms Level: 3. Apply

Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #43
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

44.

White rami carry ____ neurons, while gray rami carry ____ neurons.
A. myelinated postganglionic; unmyelinated preganglionic
B. unmyelinated postganglionic; myelinated preganglionic
C. myelinated preganglionic; unmyelinated postganglionic
D. unmyelinated preganglionic; myelinated postganglionic
E. myelinated preganglionic; myelinated postganglionic
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #44
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

45.

These are all characteristics of the enteric nervous systems except
A. its reflex arcs are associated with the spinal cord.
B. it does not arise from the spinal cord.
C. it innervates smooth muscle.
D. it innervates glands.
E. it does not arise from the brainstem.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.02.c Describe the enteric nervous system of the digestive tract and explain its significance.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #45

Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

46.

If a cell has α1 adrenergic receptors, it is sensitive to
A. acetylcholine (ACh).
B. norepinephrine (NE).
C. adrenaline.
D. alpha adrenaline.
E. nicotine.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.03.b Name the receptors for these neurotransmitters and explain how they relate to autonomic effects.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #46
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System


47.

All of the following are under dual control of the ANS except
A. pupil diameter.
B. heart rate.
C. salivary gland activity.
D. adrenal medulla activity.
E. gastrointestinal motility.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 15.03.c Explain how the ANS controls many target organs through dual innervation.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #47
Section: 15.03

Topic: Nervous System

48.

Propranolol, a beta-blocker, is typically used to
A. increase heart rate.
B. decrease heart rate.
C. produce vasoconstriction of the coronary arteries.
D. produce vasodilation of blood vessels of skeletal muscle.
E. produce bronchodilation.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 15.03.b Name the receptors for these neurotransmitters and explain how they relate to autonomic effects.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #48
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

49.

Which of the following is more effective in producing bronchodilation?
A. acetylcholine
B. nicotine
C. muscarine
D. norepinephrine
E. thyroxine
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.03.b Name the receptors for these neurotransmitters and explain how they relate to autonomic effects.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #49
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

50.

Muscarinic receptors bind
A. epinephrine.
B. norepinephrine.
C. monoamine oxidase (MAO).
D. acetylcholinesterase.
E. acetylcholine.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.03.b Name the receptors for these neurotransmitters and explain how they relate to autonomic effects.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #50
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

51.

The binding of ___ to a nicotinic receptor of a muscle fiber will ___ it.
A. acetylcholine; excite
B. norepinephrine; excite
C. monoamine oxidase; inhibit
D. acetylcholine; inhibit
E. acetylcholinesterase; excite
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.03.b Name the receptors for these neurotransmitters and explain how they relate to autonomic effects.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #51
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System


52.

Atropine is sometimes used to dilate the pupil for eye examination. Which receptor would atropine
block?
A. alpha 1 adrenergic receptor
B. nicotinic receptor
C. muscarinic receptor
D. alpha 2 adrenergic receptor
E. beta receptor
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 15.03.b Name the receptors for these neurotransmitters and explain how they relate to autonomic effects.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #52
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

53.

Antagonistic effects of the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system are exemplified in the
control of
A. blood clotting.
B. blood flow to the skeletal muscles.
C. sweating.
D. hair erection.
E. gastrointestinal motility.
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 15.03.c Explain how the ANS controls many target organs through dual innervation.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #53
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

54.

___ is an example of the cooperative effect between the two autonomic nervous system divisions.
A. Orgasm
B. Bronchodilation
C. Gastrointestinal secretion
D. Heart rate
E. Vasomotor tone
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 15.03.c Explain how the ANS controls many target organs through dual innervation.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #54
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

55.

Sympathetic fibers do not release
A. acetylcholine.
B. nitric oxide (NO).
C. substance P.
D. neuropeptide Y.
E. norepinephrine.
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.03.a Name the neurotransmitters employed at different synapses of the ANS.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #55
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

56.

Sympathetic effects tend to last ___ than parasympathetic effects. One reason is that ___.

A. shorter; acetylcholine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down
B. longer; norepinephrine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down
C. about the same; the two divisions use the same neurotransmitters
D. shorter; acetylcholine is broken down by acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
E. longer; acetylcholine is broken down by monoamine oxidase (MAO)
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 15.03.b Name the receptors for these neurotransmitters and explain how they relate to autonomic effects.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #56
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System


57.

This enzyme breaks down norepinephrine (NE).
A. noradrenalinase
B. adenosine
C. monoamine oxidase (MAO)
D. norepinephrinase
E. catchol-O-methyltrasferase (COMT)
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.03.b Name the receptors for these neurotransmitters and explain how they relate to autonomic effects.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #57
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

58.

A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a ____ neuron, and releases the neurotransmitter
____.

A. preganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh)
B. postganglionic; norepinephrine (NE)
C. preganglionic; norepinephrine (NE)
D. postganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh)
E. somatic; norepinephrine (NE)
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 15.03.a Name the neurotransmitters employed at different synapses of the ANS.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #58
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

59.

Drugs that are monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors would most likely
A. activate the parasympathetic division and allow for normal digestive system activities.
B. block ACh receptors on skeletal muscle and cause flaccid paralysis.
C. stimulate β-2 receptors and cause an increase in heart rate and dilation of bronchioles.
D. decrease the amount of NE destroyed and may be used as an antidepressant.
E. inhibit uptake of dopamine and cause depression.
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
Learning Outcome: 15.03.b Name the receptors for these neurotransmitters and explain how they relate to autonomic effects.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #59
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

60.

A possible explanation for the effect of caffeine is that it blocks the receptor for a neuromodulator in
the brain called _____, which inhibits ACh release by cholinergic neurons.
A. glycine

B. dopamine
C. serotonin
D. melatonin
E. adenosine
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.03.b Name the receptors for these neurotransmitters and explain how they relate to autonomic effects.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #60
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System

61.

Which one of the following is made up of primarily adrenergic fibers?
A. preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division
B. postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division
C. postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division
D. all motor fibers of the somatic motor system
E. preganglionic neurons of parasympathetic division
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.03.c Explain how the ANS controls many target organs through dual innervation.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #61
Section: 15.03
Topic: Nervous System


62.

The ___ is an especially important center of autonomic control.
A. pons
B. medulla oblongata

C. hypothalamus
D. midbrain
E. pituitary gland
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.04.a Describe how the autonomic nervous system is influenced by the central nervous system.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #62
Section: 15.04
Topic: Nervous System

63.

Autonomic function receives input from all these except
A. spinal cord.
B. cerebral cortex.
C. hypothalamus.
D. medulla oblongata.
E. somatic branch of the peripheral nervous system.
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
Learning Outcome: 15.04.a Describe how the autonomic nervous system is influenced by the central nervous system.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #63
Section: 15.04
Topic: Nervous System

64.

___ nerve(s) pass(es) throughout sympathetic ganglia without synapsing.
A. Facial
B. Trigeminal
C. Vagus
D. Celiac

E. Splanchnic
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #64
Section: 15.02
Topic: Nervous System

65.

Which of the following is associated with the "flight or fight" reaction?
A. pupillary constriction
B. glycogen synthesis
C. increased gastric motility
D. reduced urinary output
E. reduced heart rate
Blooms Level: 3. Apply
Learning Outcome: 15.01.b Explain how the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system differ in general function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #65
Section: 15.01
Topic: Nervous System


15 Summary
Category
# of Questions
Blooms Level: 1. Remember
35
Blooms Level: 2. Understand
9
Blooms Level: 3. Apply

15
Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate
6
Figure: 15.05
1
Figure: 15.07
1
Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
12
Learning Outcome: 15.01.b Explain how the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system differ in general function.
7
Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisi
18
ons.
Learning Outcome: 15.02.b Discuss the relationship of the adrenal glands to the sympathetic nervous system.
2
Learning Outcome: 15.02.c Describe the enteric nervous system of the digestive tract and explain its significance.
1
Learning Outcome: 15.03.a Name the neurotransmitters employed at different synapses of the ANS.
5
Learning Outcome: 15.03.b Name the receptors for these neurotransmitters and explain how they relate to autonomic effects.
13
Learning Outcome: 15.03.c Explain how the ANS controls many target organs through dual innervation.
4
Learning Outcome: 15.04.a Describe how the autonomic nervous system is influenced by the central nervous system.
3
Saladin - Chapter 15
67
Section: 15.01
19

Section: 15.02
21
Section: 15.03
22
Section: 15.04
3
Topic: Nervous System
65