Hoa hoc HDC thi vao 10 2017

so crAo DUC vA DAq

srNH LoP 10 rHPT
NAwI Hec 2oL6 :20!

r4o

rrn ruvEN

rimr rnar NcwEN

rntlc

oB cniNn

cnuYtN

nnON THI: HOe HQC
Thdi gian lim bii:150 phrit (khdng tC AOi gian giao de)

Ciu 1: 1t,S AiOm;
1. Hoan thenh PTHH theo c6c so dd sau, chi 16 circ chdttu

Xr

diSn

Xs

:

)

Yr+ COz+ NaCl
AlCls * X1
Xz + Xs -1 412(SO+)3 + Na2SOa + HzO
Xr + Xl+ CO2 + """'
Xz+Ba(OFI)z+fu+HzO
X1+NaOH+Xs+HzO

BaSon'
cap ctr6t ran riOng biet sau : KCl, KzCor, KzSo+, BaCo3,
-Iern
2. C6 5 il t o" .triiui *6iorr#rhaa
ra.
xiy
PTttrI
c6c
vitit
,ililth,i, t av ,na" bi67 c6c ch6t ran trcn.
chi ttugc dung 2 hd"hd,

IID:
1.

AlClg + 3NaHCOr+

(xr)

zii(om,

Al(OH)r{ + 3COzf +:NaCl
Cx,

+ 6NaHSo++ A1z(sou)3 + 3Na2Soa + 6Hzo
Cx3)

NaHCOs + NaHSO+ -+ COzt + Na2SO4 + H2O
Ba(AlO 2)2 + +H2O
2Al(OfDr + Ba(OfD2

+

NaHCOs + NaOH

+

(&)

NazCOl + H2O

(xs)
ttanh diu'
Z.LdymQt it mSi chi6t nCn ra cac'-6ng nehigm kh6c nhau c6
ru2 chitlfiong tan h Bacor vi Baso+'
nhan
ta
dA,,
6c
- cho nu6c t6n 1on,1l6],6g6"g
"gr,ieriva

,h#;r" ih6"s-fu rcn, 5r,g nenie- nao ch6t r'in tan, ong tI6

- suc khi colvio ; i;s-;;h|9[-;f6;
ftmg BaCO3.Ong'cdn lPi li BaSO+.
CO2 + H2O + BaCOr+ Ba(HCOg)z
mn luqt voi 3 dung dich chria 3 chf,t
- L6y dung dich Ba(HCOs)zvua thu duo. c-& t6n cho t6c dlrng

KCl, KzCOr, KzSOe.

;6;" ,-f,i6. kh6ng c6 hiQn tuqng gi ld 6ng nghiQm chira KCI'
+

z ileighiem

ttr6y xu6t hign ktit tua chrla KzCOs vd KzSOa'

Ba(HCOr)z + KzCOs

-+

BaCOg

J + 2KHCOT

2

6ng,rn?il:fu?IJr,YfJu],??i.o,.,",1,frff:i?.u'1p wru6ng
sec khi coz vio
chit ban d6u iaEcor. Orig nghieir Jo" iai chta h6a ch6t ban ttiu

h6a
chda ktit tua Bacor,
Ba(HCOg)z
COz + HzO + BaCOr

_

nehi€m d6

Ii Kzso+'

+

Ciu 2: (1,5 ili6m)
g6m : CuO, Al2O3 vi
biy phuong phip h6a hqc dC tach ri6ng ttng oxit ra ktr6i h$n hqrp
,
FezOr. Vii5t cac PTItr{ xiY ra.
1. Tdnh

HD:

ffi-U6n hqp vio dung dich NaOH du' Chi c6 AlzOa phan img:
AlzOt + 2NaOH
Lgc 16y ch6t ran kh6ng tan li CuO, FezO3

vi

+

2NaA1O2+H2O

dung dlch nudc lqc

A'


Nung n6ng ch6t ran rdi khrl bang t6ch cho lu6ng khi Hd hoflc
ran g6m zkimlo4i Cu, Fe.

]HrL

CuO+
Fe2o3
-

co)

du di qua ta thu

du-o. c

h6n hqp ch6t

Cu + HzO.

+ 3Hz " > 2Fe +

3Hzo.

Hoi tan h5n hqp kim loai blng dung dich anit HCl ( du) '

Xiryraphanimg: Fe

+ 2HCl + FeClz +

Cu kh6ng phan rmg. Lqc

6y

Cu

vi

H1

dung dich nu6c lgc B'

+ Or*

Cu tong khdng khi d nhiet dQ cao ta duo. c CuO : 2Cu
Nung
'-'L6i-J""g
Aittg tfti Oro.. cho t6c dung vOi aa NaOH du-+ thu

FeClz
- Lgc

6y tet ma Fe(OFI)z vi

+ 2 NaOH

nung trong ktr6ng

+

kfii

+ Oz+

2 NaCl.
d nhiet dQ cao ta thu du-o. c Fe2O3.

2HzO

- Th6i tu tt rttin du khi Coz veo dung dich A thu
cao thu du-cYc AlzO:.

NaAlOz +COz+ ZHzO

2CuO.

tiSt tua Fe(OH)z

Fe(OH)zJ +

j+
2Fe(Of!3 -$ FezO: + 3HzO
4Fe(OFDz

clu-o. c

duo. c

kct

4Fe(OtI)r

A(orDr . Lqc kist tua vi
,

-+A1(Otf3l

nung d nhiet d0

+ NaHCOs

2N(OrDrJ+AlzOr + 3HzO'
B phan
2. Nung chi*rhnf o orrie, dQ cao thu duo.c i',Artri^Q mnu tr[ng vi khi C kh61s.P*. tha]
gng milh ligt voi nu6c tpo thenh dung dich D hm h61e nhgnolphtalei. Khi C lim vdn cfuc dung
E
oici p. I(hi cho B tac dgng voi cacbonb oniet iQ cao,thi thu duo. c chAt E vi giii ph6ng khi F. Cho
phan rmg voi nu6c thi thutuqc khi kh6ng miu G. o6t ctuiy G thu dugc nudc vi khi C. X6c
e, E, c, D, E, F, G vi vilit c6c PTIIH xiy ra.
"niit
IID:

CaCOr r>CaO+COz

(A)

(B)

(c)

CaO+ HzO +Ca(OfDz

(B)

(1)
(2)

(D)

Ca(OH)z + COz

(D)

+CaCO3 + H2O

(3)

(c)
to

,

CaO + 3C -+ CaC2 + CO

(E) (F)
(B)
-+
Ca(Offu + CzHz
CaC2 + zHzO
(G)
(E)
+ZCOz+
HzO
C2A2 + 2,502

(G)

(4)
(5)
(6)

(c)

Ciu 3: (1,5 ili6m)
1. Vi6,r c6c PTHH
PTHTD.

xiy

graSi
ra theo so rt6 sar,, ghi 16 tti6u kiQn phan rmg (neu co).

-+Cao suBuna
=Xt1&

Xr --*Xz€Xs -+ PE
\>k+Pvc

mti ten chi

duqc vi6t mOt


Biiit rang X1 ld hgp ch6t chi6m chri ytiu trong thanh phan khi thi0n nhi6n.Y,2,X3,X4,X5, )k

li

c6c chAt

htiu co.

2. Nhan bi6t cas kfii sau

tlpg tong

c6c 19 ri6ng biQt bi m6t nnan bing phucrng ph6p ho6 hec:

cacbonnic, etilen, axetilen, metan.

HD:
1.

t.zcHA#W czHz+3Hz
Z.ZCrllrW CH=C-CH:CHz
3. CH=C-CH:CH2 +tlr-. ,,LY CHr:g11-aH=CHz

4. nCH:=CH-CH=CHz +
CCH2-CH{H-CHz-),
S.CzIh*Hr# Crfu
nCHz:CHz e''oc , CCHz-CHz-)n
CHz:CHCI
7.CzHz+HCl #
8. nCHz=CHCI Proc > (-CHz-CHC1-)n

6.

,

- DIn 4 ktri qua nudc v6i tong khi nio lim nu6c vdi trong bi van dpc li COz
CO2 +Ca(OH)z-+ CaCOs + HzO
3 klri kh6ng hiQntuqng h CH4, CzH+,CzHz
CzI7z.
- DAn 3 khi cdn lpi qua dd agNOrAUl: ktri nao phmg teo k6t tua miu vang
CzElz+ 2AgNO: + 2NH3+ AgzCz+ 2NtI+NOl
- Cho 2 khi cdn ler qua dung dlch brom khf nio ldm mdt miu nudc brom li C2FIa
Czfu+Brz-> CzHtBrz
Cdn lai h CH4.

li

@[:

(2,0 tli6m)
DE phAn tich h5n hqp b6J g6m

sit vi siit oxit ngrri ta ti6n henh cac thi nghiQm sau:

Thi ngbiQn 1: Hda hn 8,08 gam b6J cua h5n hqp nay tuong HCI1,32M (du), thu ttugrc 0,,148 lit khi d DKTC
vidurg diphA:

Thi nghigm 2: Cho dyng qiSh A tric dpng ,"* d*g dich NaOH du, qun n6ng fiong klr6ng khi,
A *,iet d$ cao 46" [nOi hrqng kh6ngd6i thu thrqc 8,8 gam sen phdm.

"*g

a" Tfntr ttranh pt An ptrAn

mm

b. Xtic tfnh c6ng thuc sit

vC t
hgng ctn

lQc ktit ttra

va

c6cdr4t c6 tong h5n hqp ban t16u

oxit

c. Tinh thO tich dung dlch HCI tOi tfri6u can dung toong thi nglrQm 1.

HD:

Ggi c6ng thric sit oxit
Fe +

2HCl---+

Fe*Ov +

li

Fe*Oy

FeCl2+ Hz
(3x

2yHCl

->

t

(1)

2y) FeCl2+Qy - 2x) FeCl3 + y

-

Khitho6t rasauthinghiQm I li:0,448 litH2tuong,hrg
Tir(l):

ttF" = flH,

H2O

H
22.4

(2)

=0,02(mol)

=0,02(mol)

)

ffir"=0,02.56=1,12(9)

HS

tinh biy

9

c6ch tfnh phen

rfrr"e, = 8,08-1,12=6,96(g)

ffim kh6i luqng ckc chf*trong hh:
J

rgisksdiimriu.:;:*;j:::1,r1i56:li+::r.iiti&6*6****&i*{&Sj.*t*itrffi**;i...:ri;l:,1i;,.i

:1i1::r.3Ee@.}itr{s8$4*j@M&i*a*i


o/onr

r"= l3,86Yo;

%m(Fe*Or) :86,14%o

trct thric thi nghiQm 1: dd A g6m FeCl2; HCI du

vi

c6 t}r6 c6 FeClg

-+Fe(OtI)z+ 2NaCl
FeCl: + 3NaOH +Fe(OH)s + 3NaCl

(3)

Cho dd A trlc 4mg NaOH: FeClz + 2NaOH

C4)

4Fe(OFI)g
* 3HzO
Nung t<5t ma iliin kh6i luqng k*r6ng eOi: ZfelOlDr4f'e2O3
Dun n6ng trong kl6ng

kh1 4Fe(OH)z + 02 * 2H2O '0

San phAm thu dugc sau

khi nung

ki5t tua

li:

>

(5)
(6)

8,8 gam FezOs ttlorlg ung 0,055 mol

Fe*O, ban ttiu'
Luqng FezOr thu ttugc ln do chuyen h6atu: Fe vi
0'02 mol Fe t4o ra 0'01 mol FezOr
Tit (1), (3), (5); (6): crl 2 molFe t4o ra 1 mol FezOg+

+lugngFe2O3cluo.ct4oratirFe*Orli:8,8-0,01'160:7'2(g)tuorlgrmg0'045mol
Fe2O3
Ttr(2), (3), (4), (5), (6): CtZ molFe*O, t?o ra x mol
0,09

mol Fe*ov t4oru0,045mol Fezos=Ta c6 phucrng trinh:

o'!'

(tu* + 16y) :6'96

= xx
L

4

y4=1=

c6ng thric

sit oxit: Fe:O+

56 mot HCl t6i thieu de hda tan h5n hqrp ban

mc

Ucn dd HCI (1,32M) toi tnieu:

diu: (l) vn (7) H: 0,04 +

ffS=0,28(mol)

#=0,2721(lit)

Ciu 5: (1,5 tli6m)
hoan todn 6,36 gam X tong lugng
H5n hqp ran X g6m nh6m vi kim 1o4i kidm M. Hoi tan
vi dung dich Y (chi gdm mu6i

vila dt dung dich a:rit HzSO+ lo6ng thu dugc 4,928lit1z& DKTC
y tac dung voi lugmg vira sunfar trunghon). cho
n6t tfrann t6t tua thi thu dugc 54,38 gam kiSt tua'

a.XindinhkimloaiM.

.-

r.

..
r r-4^
t2-. cdn
^:.
ktit tinh
Tilnhanh
dich Z' ^.^
dung
dugc
thu
Y
dich
dung
vio
MzSO+
gam
mutii
b. Cho them 3,48
aMrSq'bAlr(SOo)''cH'O'

5O,S-S gam tinh tndmuOi k6p c6 c6ng thric d4ng
th6n dung dichZ,fr"
X6c dinhcdng thric ctiatinh th6 mudi k6p'

6"il

HD:
PT h6a hgc cfra Phan

fng

+ HrSOo+ MrSO. + H,
2N + fHrSOo+ A12(SO4)3 + 3H,
MrSOo + Ba(OH), -+ BaSOo + 2MOH

2M

(1)

Q)

(3) '

etrlSO*; + 3Ba(OH)r+3BaSOo + 2A1(OH), (4)
(5)
A(oH)3+ MAlo, +
(x; y > 0)
D[t x, y ldn lugt li sd mol ctra M; Al trong 6,36 gamhh X
Theo bii ta c6: M'x + 27 'Y = 5'36 (I)

uiju +

2wro

n..
=o,Zbmol
n2=4'928
2214
4


xlT + 3yl2 =0,22 =2 x + 3y =0,44 GD
Tt(1), (2),(3),(4)tac6 nBoso. -(lHz =0,22mo|
<
=)l[Busoo =0,22 '233 = 5l'268 54'389
Trong kdt ttra c6 A1(OH)r:
=2
= 0,04mo1
ffiu(orr), = 54'38 - 5L'26 = 3'l2g =)rlat(on)' =3,12fi8

TU (1),

(2) nn,

Theo (5) c6

-

n^,o*

bi hon tan = rl,on = x

=>tre1(oH), ksttie = Y

0,04 @)

x=

K= 0,08

Tt (I), (tr), (m) c6 hQ: [tr't.x + 27.v = $,36

-lv = o,tz

* + 3Y =0,44 =>
[- x = 0,04

Vfly kim lo4i kidm M

U=rg

li Kali (K)

th@6 vio = 3,481174 = 0,02mo1
Theo dA:n*zson
Sau tiri thcm c6: n^r,ro,), = 0,06mol
=;,
nKrson = 0'04 * 0'O2= 0'06mol

=)

[Ir

1116

tdt

ti*= 56,88

*

0'06'17 4

- 0'06342 = 25'929

=)(Igrekdt .*=25,92118 = 1,44mol
CT cfra tinh thd mudi k6p c6 dqng:aKrso4'bAlr(Soil'cHrO
C6 a : b : c = 0,06 : 0,06 : 1,44= t : L :24
Viy CT cira mudi k6p li: KrSO4.AI{SO4)3'24H2O
Cf,u 6: (2,0 ili6m)

Cho 1 14,3 gamhdn hqp A gdm 1 ancol dcrn chrtc
3 phan b[ng nhau:

vi

1 u
cacboxylic dcrn chrlc. Chia A ftenh

- PhAn 1: T6c dpng het voi Na, thu dugc 8,4 lit Hz 0 DKTC'

gi- Phin 2tDbtch6yhoantoanthu duo.c 59,4 gam CO2y-"9
.,,.
"y-""'
Sau phan rmg thiy c6 3,24 gam nudc sinh
- phin 3: Tfurc nien pf,an img este h6a voi fieo toArO0%.

.

ra.
1. X6c ttinh c6ng thrlc phdn tt},

vi6t c6ng thtic

cAu t4o cria c6c chtit

tong A vi cia

2. Tioh b.
fiO, Oat c6ng thrlc ancol don chric leROH, arit cacboxylic don chrlc
Phfln 1:

ROH+Na+RoNa
R'COOH +Na
Theo

*|H, trl
I

+ R'COONa + 1Hz Q)

(l), (2): -+ ,r\nr=z.nH2=,

PhAn 3:

ROH + R'COOH

-+

#=0,75(mol)

R'COOR + H2O (3)

nn,o')=#=o,l8mol
N6u hiQu su6t phan rmg (3)

h 100% * nn,o')= 0'18'# =0'3mol

este t4o thanh'

liR'COOH


(3):

Theo

*

flnoneu)=

Gqi n m tEong rmg

+c6

h

=bStnol

zp,cooH(po>

s5 nguyen tr} C trong ancol, axit cacboxylic

hai trulng hqrP:

Trnime hoD

1:

flRoH

=0,3mol

-> 2n+ 3m:9+ n:3

,m

=

)

fl*coont=0'45mol

1

. lcrH,o:o,3mol

= Ai\ucoott:o,45mol
I

M[tkhdc, i*n=Q2.3+t+16).0,3
5

+46'0,45=ry

)t =6

HCOOH
Vpy CTPT, CTCT cic chdttrong A:C:H6O (CHz{H-CHz-O}I);
CTCT ctia este: HCOO-CHz-CH:CHz'

Tinhb:

CrHeO

0,3

-)

3HzO
0,9

HCOOH

+

0,45

HzO
0,45

:
garl
->b (0,9 + 0,45). 18 = 24,3
Truirng hop 2l flncoo, =0,3mol )

frnon = 0,45mol

+ 3n *2m:9 + n= 1,m=3
:0'45mol
s lL'
A :[cntoru
3 ^ =32.0,45+(68+r).0,3
- lcr[,or:o,3mol=!*,
(loAi

vi di6u kiQn

r

= 38,1

32'3 = 6)
.::...............H6t .................

'-

*...!

) r =ll