Chapter 12 water and major minerals

WATER


Water

• How would you classify water?


Organic

CHO
Lipids
Proteins
Vitamins

Nutrients
Water
Inorganic
Minerals


Body Composition

About 60 % water


Water
• 50-60% body is water
– Intracellular fluid (40%)
– Extracellular fluid:
• Interstitial fluid

• Intravascular fluid


Water
• Essential Nutrient
• Survive few days without water


Functions of water
• Transport of nutrients
• Solvent for water soluble or
emulsified substances
• Lubricant
• Metabolic reactions
• Regulate body temperature
• Maintains blood volume


How much water do we
need?
• Adults: 1000 ml/1000 kcal
• So, if you consume 2000 kcal, how
much water do you need?
– 2000 ml or 2 liters


Water Recommendations

AI: 3.7 L/day. (males)
2.7 L/day. (females)

Does everyone need the
same amount of water?
• Needs vary depending upon:
– diet
– activity
– temperature
– humidity




Movement of water between
intracellular and
extracellular compartments
• Controlled by concentration of ions
inside and outside of the cell

• Water follows sodium (Na+)


Water movement
equilibrium


In this situation, water will
move inside the cell.

• What do you need to
know?
– Which organ is responsible for
regulating water loss?
– Where do we get water from?
– How do we get rid of water?
– Water follows...
– How much water do we need?


Major Minerals

Marisela Contreras


Organic

CHO
Lipids
Proteins
Vitamins

Nutrients
Water
Inorganic
Minerals


Energy Yielding
Nutrients

CHO
Lipids
Proteins

Non Energy Yielding
Water
Vitamins
Minerals


Major Minerals

Minerals

Na -Sodium
K -Potassium
Cl -Chloride
Ca -Calcium
P -Phosphorus
Mg -Magnesium
S -Sulfur

Trace Minerals
Fe - Iron
Zn - Zinc
Cu -Copper

Mn - Manganese
I - Iodine

Se - Selenium


Minerals in a 60 Kg Human Body


Major Minerals
• Mineral content in plants vary
depending of the soil!


General Functions
• Major components of Bones:
– Calcium (Ca)
– Phosphorus (P)
– Magnesium (Mg)


General Functions
• Major minerals and water balance:
– Sodium (Na)
– Potassium (K)
– Chloride (Cl)
– Phosphorus (P)


General Functions
• Major minerals in protein:
– Sulfur (S)