FINAL PROJECT BATCH, SUBJECT, SPECIALITY AND COURSE REPORT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, VIETNAM
HUT-MATI JOINT TRAINING PROGRAM
--------------o0o--------------

FINAL PROJECT
BATCH, SUBJECT, SPECIALITY AND COURSE REPORT
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Advisors: Prof. Balakiriev N.E
Prof. Dr Nguyen Thi Viet Huong
Student: Nguyen Thi Hong Linh

Hanoi, 2010


ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
When all the last parts of the project were finished and all the corrections were
made, my group is so happy and proud for all I have done in the project developing
process. At the beginning, it was realized that working in a group with a cooperative
spirit is not easy at all. With the results that my get today, all team’s members have
tried our best. However, having the today’s results, First of all, I want to give a special
thank to Prof. Balakiriev N.E. who is my adviser. He helps me much during my
project with a hardly consultancy.
I would like to give special thank to Prof Dr. Nguyen Thi Viet Huong, who was very
dedicated. She has spent a lot of time on reviewing and editing our system analysis
and design as well as system developing process. She also makes a assistance and
consultancy to our documents, language and presentation
I also never forget Prof.DSc. Nguyen Thanh Nghi. He has spend a lot of his precious
time for supporting me to get the best result in examinations and MATI – final project.
Without him, I may be cannot get the result as like that.
I would like to send our thanks to our lectures, friends, and family members who have

helped, encouraged and supported us enthusiastically to complete the project.
I also will never forget the kind support of other teachers as well as the staffs of
International Joints Training program – Hanoi University of Technology and HUT –
Mati Joint Training Program School.
Hanoi, 2010
Nguyen Thi Hong Linh


TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.1. Scenario...........................................................................................................1
Organization Chart of the Joint Program HUT-Genetic Singapore:......................2
Kinds of DBMS....................................................................................................6
3.1. SYSTEM REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS......................................................9
3.3. Data Requirement Analysis..........................................................................16


CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM
1.1. SCENARIO
With the current development of Information Technology will play a role than most
The impact of information technology has been felt all over the word and in all areas of
life. Today, education has put the teaching of the Information Technology on the top.
Because this has brought many significant successes aiming to promote the development
of education.
Genetic is technology-training center was established in 1983 in Viet Nam and
trained with many different industries such as software technicians and engineer
information technology, language computer. Genetic is a university education centre in
forward-looking domains of information technology. With the quick development,
Genetic got a training network all over the world. Genetic has had training centre in 33
other countries.
Hanoi University of Technology (HUT) - Genetic Singapore joint programmed was

set up in 1995, situated in Hanoi-VietNam. During 14 years development, the
programmed has come over the difficult stages and has created a sustainable belief in
everyone about Vietnamese Education. Annually, there are hundreds of high-educated
students graduating and contributing to human resources in Information Technology of
Vietnam
Realizing an important thing, that curriculum management is done manually.
Curriculum Management for center is done by staffs of the programmed. This now has
met some problems such as: Waste a lot of time and effort, Difficult for staffs to manage
for a large amount of papers, Data stores in file base so difficult to manage and control,
and other unfortunate problems…And “Curriculum Management System” is built to
help the staffs.
This system focuses on program for curriculum management. Manager will provide
each staff with unique account. Therefore, staff can see all information which relevant to
curriculum. Staff can know all curriculum, subject and batch information. From it,
manager can view reports for batch, subject and curriculum information.

1


Organization Chart of the Joint Program HUT-Genetic Singapore:

Figure 1.1: Organization Chart of the Joint Program HUT-Genetic Singapore
System management of the Joint Program HUT-Genetic Singapore including:
-Center Director Head of Program: Supervise and manage the internal department,
receive information from Singapore to create programs for each course and each
speciality of Genetic school.
- Vice Center Director and Head of Program: Collect information from the different
department to edit and give accurate information to the Director.
- Officer: Reception and manages student records, manage school hours, class hours of
teachers and students.

- Inspector: Check and supervise action of departments in Genetic.
- Equipment Department: equip and provide teaching equipment and learning equipment
to strengthen teaching quality.
- Technical: make good and repair the problems or the problems relating to machines in
Genetic school.
- General Accountancy: collect and receive information relating to school activities.

2


1.2.

PROJECT FEASIBILITY
Normally, an information system is built because of main purposes as follow:
• Business process benefits purpose: increasing process ability; meeting
management requirements reliably, accuracy, safety and security.
• Economic benefits purpose: reducing number of staffs; reducing costs;
increasing staff’s income; repay sum of capital…

• Overcome many shortcoming of existing system; supporting long-term
development strategies; meeting priors, drawbacks and constrains.
This project is feasible because it meets the following feasibility requirements:
• Technical Feasibility: We have full of tools and machines that support for
building project.
• Economical Feasibility: People who develop this project are studying in
Information Technology speciality to building project cost is low.
• Operational Feasibility: After finish, this project will be used and owned by
Genetic – HUT.
• Schedule Feasibility: It takes about 2 months to analyses designs and write
program.

1.3. PROJECT SCOPE
1.3.1 Function Requirements
Curriculum Management System is designed to help arranging batches and
subjects systematically as well as providing a mean for the managers to manage
reports and back up database of the system.
This project has the ability to manage information of curriculum, batch, course,
subject, and generate reports, backup and recovery management. Together with the
above main functions of the system, it extends some functions help managers easily
look up information of course, batch, subject, speciality.
The new system must contain the following sub functions:
• Curriculum Management: the officers use this function to manage curriculums’
information. This function has some sub functions:
3


 Create new Curriculum
 Edit Curriculum
 Delete Curriculum
 Print Curriculum
• Batch Information Management: the officers use this function to manage the
batches’ information. This function has some other sub functions:
 Add new Batch
 Edit Batch
 Delete Batch

• Course Information Management: the officers use this function to manage the
Course’ information. This function has some other sub functions:
 Add new Course
 Edit Course
 Delete Course

• Subject Information Management: the officers use this function to manage
subjects’ information. This function has some other sub functions:
 Add new Subject
 Edit Subject
 Delete Subject

• Report: the officers use this function to create and view reports about Course,
Batch, Subject, Speciality.
• Search Supporting: Support the officers search information about Curriculum,
Batch, Subject, Speciality.
• Backup and Recovery: managers and training bureau use to backup and recovery
data.

4


1.3.2 Hardware Requirement

Hardware

Recommended

Minimum

Processor

Pentium III 500 MHz (or faster)

Intel Pentium or Celeron 233 MHz

RAM

1024 MB (or higher)

512 MB

Hard disk space

40 GB IDE

10 GB IDE

Video Adapter

AGP Card with 32 MB VRAM Super VGA card support display
(or higher)

mode:

16

bit

color

800x600

resolution
1.3.3 Software Requirement

• Windows XP professional (Service Pack 2 or later) or Windows 2000 Professional
(Service Pack 2)
• Microsoft SQL Server 2005 (Standard/Enterprise version)
• Dot Net Framework 2005

CHAPTER 2: INTRODUCTION TO TECHNOLOGIES
5


2.1. DATABAMSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ASSESSMENT
Introduction to Database Management System (DBMS)
A database management system (DBMS) is a software system used to create access and
control the database. . The DBMS serves as a bridge or interface, between the database
and the application programs, systems analysts, and end users of the database.
DBMS is a software system that enables users to define, create and maintain the database
and which provides controlled access to this database.
The DBMS is the software that interacts with the users’ application programs and the
database.
Kinds of DBMS
There are many types of DBMS, ranging from small systems that run on personal
computers to huge systems that run on mainframes. Each one has many advantages, along
with disadvantages. The following popular DBMS:
 Oracle
Oracle is a relational database system from Oracle Corporation extensively used in
product and internet-based applications in different platforms. Oracle is a powerful
relational database management system that offers a large feature set. Along with
Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle is widely regarded as one of the two most popular fullfeatured database systems today. Oracle is only used for databases with huge size, from
millions to tens millions of records. Oracle database provides large company system
products for transaction processing and decision support. This DBMS provides a perfect
solution to the development and deployment of Clients/Server’s application. Because of

complexity of database so disadvantages of Oracle are high cost of maintaining database
and training IT staff.
 Microsoft SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 2000 is an RDBMS that uses Transact-SQL to send requests between a
client computer and a SQL Server 2000 computer. An RDBMS includes databases, the
database engine, and the applications that are necessary to manage the data and the
6


components of the RDBMS. SQL Server 2000 can integrate in harmony with other servers
such as Internet Information Services (IIS), E-Commerce Server, Proxy Server, etc.
Although SQL Server 2000 is designed to work as the data storage engine for thousands
of concurrent users who connect over a network, it is also capable of working as a standalone database directly on the same computer as an application. The scalability and easeof-use features of SQL Server 2000 allow it to work efficiently on a single computer
without consuming too many resources or requiring administrative work by the standalone user. The same features allow SQL Server 2000 to dynamically acquire the
resources required to support thousands of users, while minimizing database
administration and tuning.
 My SQL
My SQL, the most popular Open Source SQL database management system, is
developed, distributed, and supported by My SQL AB Company; it’s also a relational
database management system. My SQL software is Open Source means it is possible for
anyone to use and modify the software. Anybody can download the My SQL software
from the Internet and use it without paying anything. The My SQL Database Server is
very fast, reliable, and easy to use. My SQL Server also has a practical set of features
developed in close cooperation with our users. My SQL Server was originally developed
to handle large databases much faster than existing solutions and has been successfully
used in highly demanding production environments for several years. Though under
constant development, My SQL Server today offers a rich and useful set of functions. Its
connectivity, speed, and security make My SQL Server highly suited for accessing
databases on the Internet. The My SQL Database Software is a client/server system that
consists of a multi-threaded SQL server that supports different back ends, several

different client programs and libraries, administrative tools, and a wide range of
application programming interfaces (APIs).
However, in my project, I chose SQL Server 2005 because it has the following
particularitys:
- Allows manage a large database up to Tera-Byte and may serve thousands of users
simultaneously,

data

processing

speed

is

fast,

satisfy

time

requirements.

7


- SQL Server 2005 has reduced application downtime, increased scalability and
performance, and tight yet flexible security controls.
- SQL Server 2005 makes it simpler and easier to deploy, manage, and optimize
enterprise data and analytical applications. It enables you to monitor, manage, and tune all

of the databases in the effective way.

2.2. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT
A programming language is an artificial language used to write a sequence of
instructions (a computer program) that can be run by a computer. The languages used to
program computers must have simple logical structures, and the rules for their grammar,
spelling, and punctuation must be precise. There are many different languages and each
language has a particular nature different
However, in my project, I chose C# because:
Visual Studio.Net is the new object oriented programming language that is written by
Microsoft to create a new standard for programming language. It is powerful
programming language with four major languages: C#, VB.Net, Java… However, in this
type of programming language, C# is simple, modern, and object-oriented and type safe
programming language delivered from C and C++, and bears or striking similarity to Java
in many ways. C# is a modern, type safe programming language, object oriented
language that enables programmers quickly and easy. C# is a masterpiece evolved from
today’s most popular languages and has all the best features borrowed from VB, C++ and
Java. Therefore, it is a great choice for architecting a wide range of component from
higher-level business objects to system level application. Using simple C# language
constructs, these components can be converted into XML Web services, allowing them to
be involved across the Internet, from any language running on any operating system. The
C# language allows for typed, extensible metadata that can be applied to any object. A
project architect can define domain specific attributes and so on… The developer then
can programmatically examine the attributed on each element.
It is easy to realize that C# is the best choice to develop this project.

8


CHAPTER 3: SYSTEM ANALYSIS

3.1. SYSTEM REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS
Because system management program of the Genetic center ever be completely
done by hand so there are many disadvantages as it is difficult to find the corresponding
subject in school and study very hard in the system between case managers and teacher in
the statistical report, a very important problem is that when a document is completely lost
no opportunity to recover and can not find the list of subjects if as not meeting the
manager, the last problem is the manager will face many difficulties in preparing a detail
report.
From these reasons we need a program that functions as the simplest:
+ Quick Course Search
+ Management Report Subject
+ Administration of examinations
+....
• System Management: Includes user management function and distribution of
power between managers and users.
• Batch, Course, Term, Class Management: manager and training bureau use to
manage the batches’ information. This function has sub functions: add new, update,
delete data.
• Subject Management: manager and training bureau use to manage subjects’
information. This function has sub functions: Add new Subject, Update Subject,
and Search Subject.
• Curriculum Management: manager and training bureau use to manage
curriculums’ information. This function has sub functions: Create new Curriculum,
Update Curriculum, and Print Curriculum.
• Search supporting for curriculum management system: managers and training
bureau use to search information about curriculum, batch, subject, speciality.
• Report Management: managers and training bureau use to manage reports and
show reports about Course, Batch, Subject, Speciality.
• Backup and Recovery: managers and training bureau use to backup and recovery
data.

9


• Help: Introduction about us and the Joint Program HUT-Genetic Singapore and
user guide.
However, in this project, I focus on “Batch, Subject, Speciality and Course
report management system”. Manager will provide each staff with unique accounts.
Therefore staffs can see all information which relevant to curriculum. Staffs can know all
curriculum, subject and bath information. From it, Manager can view reports for bath,
subject and curriculum information. Report management system gives information about
Course, Batch, Subject and Speciality.
Base on system requirement analysis, we can build the following Function Diagram:
Function Diagram

Figure 3.1.1 Function Diagram for Curriculum Management System (CMS)
3.2. PROCESSING REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS OF EXITING SYSTEM
10


Processing procedure for Curriculum management system of Genetic is shown below:
Information Processing:

Figure 3.2.1: Processing procedure for Curriculum management system of Genetic

Beginning of process information is collect data about batch, class, academic year.
This part is managed by Vietnam and in yearly April is the latest period to finish for next
year. Center director head of the program manage this part. Example: form of “Batch and
class in academic year”
Academic 2009 – 2010
* Batch: D10, D11, D12, D13

* Class
Batch
D13
D12
D11
D10

Class
…B…C…E…
…B…C…E…
…B…C…E…
…B…C…E…
Figure 3.2.2: Sample form of “List of batch, class, academic year”

11


After collecting data about batches and classes, we collect data about subject
list. This part is compiled and sends to Vietnam side by Singapore side.
HUT – GENETIC Center – Viet Nam

DS1

Subject
Batch

No
1
2
3

4
5

Course
Diploma

6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
1
2
3
4
5
6

7

Subject
A+
ASP.NET

Exam Code
MCQ A+
MCQ+ ASP
Wr
Business Accounting
BA
Business Organization
BO
Computer System
MCQ+ CS
Wr
Database Design using SQL sever MCQ SQL
DHTML and Java script
Lab
HTML
E-Commerce
E.com
English – E3
E3
iNet +
MCQ iNet
Inter personal Skill
IPS
Management Information System MCQ+ MIS

Wr
Maths
Math
Networks +
MCQ Net+
Object Oriented Design
OOD
Oracle
MCQ+ Oracle
Wr
Programming Technique using MCQ+ Java
Java
Wr
Programming using C#
Lab
C#
Systems Analysis and Design
SAD
VB.NET Programming
Lab
VB
Web
and
Multimedial MCQ Web
Development
Windows 2000 sever
MCQ Win20
00
Office Application Web
Lab

OAW
Advance Programming using C # Lab
Adv.C#
Advance VB.NET Pro
Lab
Adv.V
B
Artificial Intelligence
AI
Computer Architecture
CA
Computer Ethics and Security
CES
Data Communication
DA
Distributed System
DS
12


Course
Higher
Diploma

8
9
10
11
12
13

E-Business Development
Enterprise Solution Architecture
Hardware Systems Design
Information
Resource
Management
Internet Technologies
Java Programming
Lab

14
15
16
17
18
19

Knowledge Based System
Linux System Administration
Mobile Computing
Operation System
Programming Language
Software Engineering

MCQ
MCQ

E-Bus
ESA

HSD
IRM
IT
Java
Pro
KBS
Linux
MC
OS
PL
SE

Figure 3.2.3: Sample form of “Subject List”

After receive subject list, Center Director Head of the program will base on list
of batches, classes to assign each subject and timetable each term to each class.

1st
Term

2nd
Tern

3rd
Term

Academic Year
Diploma -1st year
1.Computer
SystemFundamental(Wr)

2.Computer
SystemArchitecture(Wr)
3.Office Application with
Web(Lab)
4.MathematicsAlgera&Calculate(Wr)
5.Mathematics-Discrete(Wr)
6.English E3(Wr)
1.VB.Net
Programming(Lab)
2.Inter Personal Skill(Wr)
3.Programming
using
C#(Lab)
4.A+(Wr)
5.Net+ (Wr)
6.English E3(Wr)
Diploma -2nd year
1.Database Design using
SQLserver(Wr)
2.Window 2000 server (Wr)
3.DHTML and
java

Total Hours Theo.Hours Lab.Hours
Hours /week /week
/week
153

9

9

0

0

153

9

5

3

1

136

8

8

0

0

70
56

5

4

3
4

2
0

0
0

112
70
70

8
5
5

5
4
4

2
1
1

1
0
0

70
74
102

5
4
6

4
4
3

1
0
2

0
0
1
13


C
C
E
E
B
B

4th
Term

1st
Term

2nd
Term

3rd
Term

4th
Term

script(Lab)
4.Object
Oriented
Design(Wr)
5.Web and Multimedia
Development(Wr)
4.E-Commerce(Wr)
5.iNet +(Wr)
4.Bussiness Accounting(Wr)
5.Bussiness Organization
1.Oracle8i(Wr)
2.Programming Technique
UsingJave(Lab)
3.Management Information
System(Wr)

4.System Analysis
and
Design(Wr)
5.ASP.Net(Wr)
Diploma Project
Higher Diploma 1st-year

68

4

4

0

0

68
68
68
68
68
119

4
4
4
4
4
7

3
4
4
4
4
5

1
0
0
0
0
2

0
0
0
0
0
0

70

5

4

1

0

70

5

5

0

0

70
70

5
5

4
4

1
1

0
0

1.Operating System (Wr)
2.Computer
Architecture(Wr)

3.Programming
Language(Wr)
4.Advance
Programming
using C#(Lab)
1.Knowledge Based System
2.Linux
Sys.Administration(Wr)
3.Data Communication (Wr)
4.Hardware
System
Design(Wr)
5.Advance
VB.Net
Programming(Lab)
Higher Diploma 2nd-year
1.Computer Ethics and
Security(Wr)

70

5

5

0

0

85

5

4

1

0

85

5

5

0

0

136
70

8
5

5
5

2
0

1
0

85
70

5
5

4
5

1
0

0
0

70

5

5

0

0

70

5

3

2

0

85

5

5

0

0

2.Software Engineering(Wr)
3.Distributed System(Wr)
4.Mobile Computing(Wr)
5.Java Programming (Lab)
6.Start Team Project

85
85
85
119

5
5
5
7

5
5
4
4

0
0
1
2

0
0
0
1

6
6

6
6

0
0

0

0

1.Artificial Intelligence (Wr) 84
2.E-Business
90

14


C
E
B

Development(Wr)
3.Enterprise
Solution
Architure(Wr)
90
3.Internet Technologies(Wr) 90
3.Information
Resource
Management(Wr)
70
4.English E4 (Wr)
5.Complete Team Project

6
6

6

6

0
0

0
0

5

5

0

0

Figure 3.2.4: Sample form of “Study Period”

Figure 3.2.5: Sample form of “Curriculum of Genetic”

15


3.3. Data Requirement Analysis
According processing, the second step is analysis sample without value.
Base on sample form “List of Batch, class, and academic year”; we can
analysis table as the follow:
No

Field

Meaning

1

AcademicYear

Academic
Year which
has batches,
classes
Batches in
Academic
Year

2

3

Example

2009-2010

Valid Data

Value

Processing
functions

Number

- Add
- Delete
- Search
- Update
BatchName
D11,
Text
- Add
D10…
- Delete
- Search
- Update
Classes
Classes in
D10-B63,
Text
- Add
Academic
D10-I1
- Delete
Year
- Search
- Update
Figure 3.3.1: Sample form of “List of batch and class in academic year”

After that, we analyze second sample form of “Subject List” (Figure 3.2.3), we
have the explained table below:
No Field

1

2

Meaning Example

Subject
List for
SubjectListID
List1,List2
each
year
Basic,
Courses
Diploma,
Course
in
Higher
process
diploma

3

SubjectID

ID
for
AI,
each

VB.NET
Subject

4

SubjectName

Subject
Name

ExamType

Exam
Type of Wring,
each
MCQ
subject

5

Valid
Data

Value Processing

Text

Text

Text

Bussiness
Text
Accounting

Text

functions
- Add
- Delete
- Search
- Update
-

Add
Delete
Search
Update

-

Add
Delete
Search
Update
Add
Delete
Search
Update
Add

Delete
Search
Update

Figure 3.3.2: Sample form of “Subject List”
16


Finally, table analyzing sample form of “Study Period”
No Field

Meaning

Example

1

BatchID

Batch in
training
process

D10,
D12

Course

Courses in
training

process

Basic,
diploma,
higher
diploma

Term

Terms in
Academic
Year

Term
Term 2

4

TotalHours

Total Hours
of each
Subject

200

Number

5

StudyHoursIn Study Hours
Week
in a week

20

Number

6

TheoryHours

Theory
Hours in
week

10

Number

7

PracticeHours

Practice
2
Hours in wek

2

3

Valid
Data

D11,

Value

Text

Text

1,

Text

Number

Processing
functions
- Add
- Delete
- Search
- Update
- Add
- Delete
- Search
- Update
-

Add
Delete
Search
Update
Add
Delete
Search
Update
Add
Delete
Search
Update
Add
Delete
Search
Update
Add
Delete
Search
Update

Figure 3.3.3: Sample form of “Study Period”

3.4. FUNCTION REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS
3.4.1. Function Diagram


Functional Hierarchy Diagram(FHD) of new system
A functional diagram is used to show system’s functions that will be

constructed and the implementation process of data diagram. Moreover,
function diagram will also be used to determine the appearance frequency of
smaller process in the data flow chart.
A functional diagram only shows what to do not how to do. In a
functional diagram, a function is divided into many smaller functions and each
17


smaller function contains even smaller ones. Constructing diagram is a process
of division, from a higher function to appropriate smaller functions. Diagrams
need to be presented clearly, simply, exactly, fully, and well balanced. Function
of the same level has the same level of difficulty need to be on the same page.
Base on function requirement about system, we can build the following
Function Diagram:

Figure 3.4.1.1: Function Diagram
1.

System Management: Includes user management function and
distribution of power between managers and users.

2.

Batch, Course, Term, Class Management: manager and training
bureau use to manage the batches’ information. This function has sub
functions: add new, update, delete data
18

3.

Subject management: Beginning academic year, after collecting
complete data about courses and classes, we collected data on the list of
subjects; this section of the Singapore compiled and sent to Vietnam.
Subject management include three sub functions are: Add New Subject,
Update Subject, Delete Subject

4.

Curriculum Management: Manager and training bureau use to manage
curriculums’ information. This function has sub functions: Create new
Curriculum, Update Curriculum, and Print Curriculum.

5.

Search supporting for curriculum management system: managers
and training bureau use to search information about curriculum, batch,
subject, speciality.

6.

Report Management: managers and training bureau use to manage
reports and show reports about Course, Batch, Subject, Speciality
- “Course Report”: function gives information about list subject of
course. Upon receiving the list of subjects, scientific director of the
planning study will be based on a list of courses, classes assigned to
individual subjects and the subjects of time to each class each semester.
So we have form about academic year (school year that the course, the
classes mentioned in the list), name of batch (Course during the school

year of the list), Classes.
- “Batches Report”: manages many different batches so that there are
many batch reports as list of Course, Class and Academic Year. “Batch
report” function will show: name of batch, start year of batch and
Diploma year, end Higher Diploma year.
- “Subject Report”: upon receiving the list of subjects, scientific
director based on a list of courses, classes assigned to individual
subjects and the subjects of time to each class each semester. “Subject
report” function give form about list of subject, time of subjects.
Subject change over time so that the staffs can quickly update.
- “Speciality Report” will show all speciality of program, for example:

Business (B), Electronic (E), and Computer (C). It contains speciality
code and speciality name.
19


7.

Backup and Recovery: managers and training bureau use to backup
and recovery data

8.

Help: Introduction about us and the Joint Program HUT-Genetic
Singapore and user guide.

3.4.2. Data Flow Diagrams
The Data Flow Diagram shows the flow of data or information through an
information system in a graphical top-down fashion. Data Flow Diagrams are

not used to show the logic of a program or any detailed processing logic. It can
be partitioned into single processes or functions. Data Flow Diagrams can be
grouped together or decomposed into multiple processes
DFD Symbols:
Process

Process

Symbol: Circle (Yourdon notation), or a Rounded Rectangle (Gane &
Sarson notation)
A process modifies, or changes, data from one form to another form.
That is, data is input to a process, and the process transforms this data to
produce output data of a different content or form. The details of a process are
not shown in the data flow diagram; these details are documented in the
process description.
When modelling the data processing of a system, it doesn’t matter whether a
process is performed manually or by a computer.
Data Store

20


Data Store

Symbol: Two parallel lines (Yourdon notation), or an open ended
rectangle (G&S notation)
A data store is a data repository. A data store may represent one of many
different physical locations for data, for example, a file folder, one or more
computer-based file(s), or a notebook. A data store is used in a data flow
diagram when the system must store data because one or more processes need

to use the stored data at a later time. The detailed contents of a data store are
not shown in a data flow diagram; these contents are defined in the data
dictionary.
External Entity

External Entity
Symbol: rectangular box
An external entity is a person, department, outside organization, or other
information system that provides data to the system or receives data or
information from the system. External entities showed the boundaries of the
information system or the information system’s interactions with the outside
world.
External entities are also called terminators. An external entity that
supplies data is called a source, or origin. An external entity that receives data
is called a destination, or sinks. An external entity might be a source, a
destination, or both. An external entity is always connected by a data flow to a
process.
Data Flow
Data Flow
21


Symbol: Solid line with arrow
A data flow can be best understood as data in motion, moving from from
one place in a system to another. A data flow could represent data on a
customer order form or a payroll check. A data flow could alse represent the
results of a query to a database, the contents of a printed report, or data on a
data entry computer display form. A data flow is a data that move together.
Thus, a data flow can be composed of many individual pieces of data that are
generated at the same time and flow together to common destinations.

Base on the above function diagram, we can build data flow diagram of
system. First, we build the context diagram.
3.4.2.1 Context Diagram:
The context diagram is a data flow that shows the boundaries of the
information system. The context diagram is a top-level view of the
information system.
The main components of Data Flow Diagram are following:

This context diagram gives an overview about “Curriculum Management
System” which we build.

22