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ENGLISH
FOR
INFORMATICS

C vn chng trình : Nguyn Quc Hùng, M.A
Biên son : Nguyn Th Bc, M.A
Trn Hng Giang, M.A

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TABLE OF CONTENT........................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................7

Unit 1: types of computers ....................................................................................8
Unit 2: Word proccessor ......................................................................................13
Unit 3: Computer hardware components.......................................................17
Unit 4: storage and memory.................................................................................22
Unit 5: Computer software ..................................................................................27
Unit 6: operating system .......................................................................................31
Unit 7: programming language ...........................................................................35
Unit 8: netWORKS .......................................................................................................40
Unit 9: information security................................................................................44
Unit 10: Ibm....................................................................................................................49


REFERENCES .................................................................................................................54

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Unit Skills Activities
Vocabulary and
Pronunciation

Exercise 1 Match English
terms and Vietnamese
translations
Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and
practise
Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and
complete the sentences by
selecting the correct word
from the box to fill in the gap

Reading Exercise 4 Match each of
the following types of
computer with its name.
Exercise 5 Read the
following sentences and
write the name for each
type of computer next to
the sentence.
Unit 1
Types of computers



Language work
Noun phrase (1)

Exercise 6 Now convert each
of the following clauses into a
noun phrase
Exercise 7 Translate the noun
phrase into Vietnamese
Vocabulary and
Pronunciation

Exercise 1 Match English
terms and Vietnamese
translations
Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and
practise
Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and

complete the sentences by
selecting the correct word
from the box to fill in the gap
Unit 2
Word proccessor

Reading Exercise 4 Read the
following passage and decide

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whether the following
statements are true or false
Listening Exercise 5 T.S 3 Listen to a
short introduction about the
characteristics of a word
processor and fill in each gap
with one suitable word
Language work Exercise 6 Complete the
sentences by finding the
missing letters
Vocabulary and
Pronunciation

Exercise 1 Match English
terms and Vietnamese
translations
Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and
practise

Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and
complete the sentences by
selecting the correct word
from the box to fill in the gap
reading

Exercise 4 Match each of the
following names with one part
of the computer as indicated in
the picture.
Exercise 5 Read the
following sentences and
write the name for each
part (CPU, Peripheral,
Mouse, Keyboard, Monitor)
LISTENING Exercise 6 Listen to T.S3 and
fill in the blanks with the
words given
Unit 3
Computer hardware
components

LANGUAGE
WORK
Exercise 7 Now join the
following ideas with but or
and
Unit 4
Storage and memory

Vocabulary and
Pronunciation

Exercise 1 Match English
terms and Vietnamese
translations
Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and

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practise
Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and
complete the sentences by
selecting the correct word
from the box to fill in the gap
Listening

Exercise 4 T.S 3 Listen and
decide whether the statements
are true or false
READING Exercise 5: Choose a suitable
word in the box to fill in the
gap.
LANGUAGE
WORK
Exercise 6 Complete the
sentences by finding the
missing letters
Vocabulary and

Pronunciation

Exercise 1 Match English
terms and Vietnamese
translations
Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and
practise
Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and
complete the sentences by
selecting the correct word
from the box to fill in the gap
Listening Exercise 4 Listen and choose
a suitable word in the box to
fill in the gap
Reading

Exercise 5 Read the
following sentences and
write the name for each
type of software next to
the sentence.
Unit 5
Computer software

Language work: IN/
FROM/ THROUGH
WHICH
Exercise 6 Join the following
pair of clauses to make longer
sentences

Unit 6
Operating system

Vocabulary and
Pronunciation

Exercise 1 Match English
terms and Vietnamese
translations
Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and
practise

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Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and
complete the sentences by
selecting the correct word
from the box to fill in the gap
Reading Exercise 4 Are the following
sentences true (T) or false (F)?
Listening Exercise 5: Listen to T.S3
and fill in the blanks with the
words given
Language work:
before/ after/ while +
Ving

Exercise 6 Now join the
following pairs of clauses

Vocabulary and
Pronunciation

Exercise 1 Match English
terms and Vietnamese
translations
Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and
practise
Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and
complete the sentences by
selecting the correct word
from the box to fill in the gap
READING Exercise 4 Read the
description of four traits of
programming language and
match them with the right
traits.
LISTENING
Exercise 5T.S 3 Listen to a
short introduction about the
usage of Programming
language and fill in each gap
with ONE suitable word.
Exercise 6 T.S 4 Listen to the
following passage and decide
whether the statements are true
or fasle.
Unit 7
Programming
language

LANGUAGE
WORK
Exercise 7 Complete the
sentences by finding the
missing letters

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Vocabulary and
Pronunciation

Exercise 1 Match English
terms and Vietnamese
translations
Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and
practise
Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and
complete the sentences by
selecting the correct word
from the box to fill in the gap
READING Exercise 4 Are the following
sentences true (T) or false (F)?
LISTENING Exercise 5: Listen to T.S3
and fill in the blanks with the
words given
Unit 8
Network

Language work: By
+ Ving
Exercise 6 Now choose one
of the phrases in the box to
complete each sentence.
Vocabulary and
Pronunciation

Exercise 1 Match English
terms and Vietnamese
translations
Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and
practise
Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and
complete the sentences by
selecting the correct word
from the box to fill in the gap
LISTENING Exercise 4 T.S 3 Listen to a
short introduction about
Information Security and
decide whether the following
statements are true or false
Reading Exercise 5 Choose ONE
suitable word from the box to
fill in the gap
Unit 9
Information security

Language work
Exercise 6 Complete the

sentences by finding the
missing letters
Unit 10
Vocabulary and Exercise 1 Match English
terms and Vietnamese

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Pronunciation

translations
Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and
practise
Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and
complete the sentences by
selecting the correct word
from the box to fill in the gap
Reading

Exercise 4 Read the passage
about the History of IBM
company and decide whether
the following statements are
true or false
Exercise 5 Match the
description and the logos
Listening Exercise 6 T.S 3 Listen to a
short talk about Environment
record of IBM and fill in each

gap with ONE suitable word
IBM

LANGUAGE
WORK
Exercise 7 Complete the
sentences by finding the
missing letters

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1. The authors
The course is designed by two teachers of English at Hanoi University of
Technology, Ms. Tran Huong Giang and Ms. Nguyen Thi Bac. They both have
Masters Degree in English language. They have a lot of experience in teaching
English in general and English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in particualar. They
also have experience in designing materials for different courses.

2. The course
English for Informatics is a course on English for Specific Purposes (ESP)
designed to develop the English skills and basic knowledge in electronics for
technical students and engineers who work in the field. This textbook is
intended for learners who begin to take the course of English in electronics. The
most important aim of the course is to help students develop the ability to deal
with the concepts used in technical texts.

The book consists of ten units which can be completed in twenty 45 minute class

hours. The units are organized around the various topics used in electronics
field. The skills are introduced as they relate to the topic. Each unit in the book
is divided into different sections:
Vocabulary and Pronunciation: This consists of three exercises which
provide new terms related to the topic.
Reading: There are two or three exercises in this part which contain
comprehension questions to help students understand the reading text
better.
Language Focus: This sections introduces theory and practice on
certain grammatical or vocabulary feature.
Listening: This part provides exercises to improve students’ listening
skills.

Although we hope that you will enjoy working through this textbook, we do not
expect you find it easy. If you have any questions regarding the course, please
do not be hesitating to contact us. We are always happy to share with you our
expertise and experience of studying this subject.

Business English Academy

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Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations
English Vietnamese
1. built-in keyboard a. mỏy tớnh bn
2. desktop computer b. mỏy tớnh xỏch tay
3. docking station c. chut kiu que tr
4. extranet d. cng

5. intranet e. bn phớm gn lin
6. laptop f. mn hỡnh cm ng
7.
liquid Crystal Display (LCD) g. mng bờn ngoi
8. optical drive h. trm ni
9. personal computer (PC) i. mng cc b, mng ni b
10. personal digital assistant (PDA) j. quang
11. pointing stick k. b nh truy cp ngu nhiờn
12. port l. thit b k thut s h tr cỏ nhõn
13. random access memory (RAM) m. chut cm ng
14. touch screen n. mn hỡnh tinh th lng
15. touchpad o. mỏy tớnh cỏ nhõn
Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practice
1. built-in keyboard 6. laptop 11. pointing stick
2. desktop computer
7. liquid Crystal Display 12. port
3. docking station 8. optical drive 13. random access memory
4. extranet 9. personal computer 14. touch screen
5. intranet 10. personal digital assistant 15. touchpad

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Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word
from the box to fill in the gap.
built-in keyboard laptop pointing sticks
extranet
personal computer touch screen
intranet personal digital assistant touchpad

1. …………. are popular on many laptop systems.
2. A …………….. is a computer display screen that is sensitive to human touch.
3. A ……………. mimics the functions of a computer mouse.
4. An ………………… is a Web site for selected users, rather than for the general
public.
5. An ……………… is a private network that is contained within an organization that
uses computers.

Types of Computer
Computers can be classified as: desktop computers; personal digital assistants (PDA's);
laptop and notebook computers.
A desktop computer is a personal computer (PC) in a form intended for regular use at a
single location, as opposed to a mobile laptop or portable computer. Prior to the wide
spread of microprocessors a computer that could fit on a desk was considered
remarkably small. Today the phrase usually indicates a particular style of computer
case. Desktop computers come in a variety of styles ranging from large vertical tower
cases to small form factor
models that can be tucked behind an LCD monitor. In this
sense, the term 'desktop' refers specifically to a horizontally-oriented case, usually
intended to have the display screen placed on top to save space on the desk top. Most
modern desktop computers have separate screens and keyboards.
A personal digital assistant (PDA) is a handheld computer, also known as small or
palmtop computers. Newer PDAs also have both color screens and audio capabilities,
enabling them to be used as mobile phones (smartphones), web browsers, or portable
media players. Many PDAs can access the Internet, intranets or extranets via Wi-Fi, or
Wireless Wide-Area Networks (WWANs). Many PDAs employ touch screen
technology.
A notebook is a small and lightweight portable computer, with most of the features of
a standard laptop computer but smaller. Notebooks are smaller than laptops but larger
than handheld computers. They often have smaller-sized screens, usually measuring

from 7 inches (17.7 cm) to 13.3 inches (33.78 cm), and a weight from less than 1 kg
(2.2 lbs) up to about 2 kg (4.4 lbs). The savings in size and weight are usually achieved

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partly by omitting ports or having removable media/optical drives; notebooks are often
paired with docking stations to compensate.
Exercise 4 Match each of the following types of computer with its
name.
a. desktop computer Figure …….
b. personal digital assistant (PDA's) Figure …….
c. laptop Figure …….
d. notebook Figure …….



Figure 1 Figure 2


Figure 3 Figure 4

Exercise 5

Read the text again and write the name for each type of computer next to
the sentences.
Write:
D = desktop computer
PDA = personal digital assistant
L = laptop

N = notebook

1. Omitting ports or having removable optical drives makes it smaller and lighter.
2. It may be used as mobile phones, web browsers.
3. It is in a form intended for regular use at a single location.
4. It employs touch screen technology.

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5. It has most of the features of a standard laptop computer but smaller.
6. It may have a vertical tower cases or a horizontally-oriented case.
7. It is paired with docking stations.
8. It has separate screens and keyboards.
Exercise 6 Listen to T.S3 and fill in the blanks with the words given
power displays
functions mobile
weigh mouse
keyboard battery
failure price


A laptop computer or simply laptop is a small (1) …………… computer, typically
weighing 3 to 12 pounds (1.4 to 5.4 kg), although older laptops may (2) …………….
more. Laptops usually run on a single main (3) ……………… or from an external
AC/DC adapter that charges the battery while also supplying (4) ……………… to the
computer itself even in the event of a power (5) …………….. Laptops contain
components that are similar to their desktop counterparts and perform the same (6)
………………., but are miniaturized and optimized for mobile use and efficient power
consumption, although typically less powerful for the same (7) ……………. Laptops

usually have liquid crystal (8) …………….. and most of them use different memory
modules for their random access memory (RAM). In addition to a built-in (9)
……………., they may utilize a touchpad or a pointing stick for input, though an
external keyboard or (10) ………… can usually be attached.

WHICH
We use WHICH to connect two clauses.
E.g:
A battery charger is a device. The device is used to put energy into a secondary cell.
 A battery charger is a device which is used to put energy into a secondary cell.

Exercise 7 Join the following pair of clauses to make longer sentences
1. A fuse is a protection device. The device operates once and then has to be replaced.
2. A softswitch is a central device. This device connects calls from one phone line to
another.
3. Wi-Fi allows connectivity in peer-to-peer mode. This mode enables devices to
connect directly with each other.

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4. Routers incorporate a DSL-modem and a Wi-Fi access point. Routers provide
Internet-access and internetworking to all devices connected to them.
5. System software can be operating systems. The operating systems interface with
hardware to provide the necessary services for application software.
6. A battery is two or more electrochemical cells. These cells store chemical energy
and make it available as electrical energy.
7. Incandescent light bulbs consist of a glass enclosure. The glass enclosure is filled
with an inert gas.

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Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations

English Vietnamese
1. word processor a. bàn phím
2. composition b. biên tp
3. editing c. b x lý t
4. formatting d. ch s
5. obsolete e. chú thích
6. keyboard f. c s d liu
7. dedicated computer g. đánh du
8. monochrome display h. đa, mm
9. memory card i. đnh dng
10. diskette j. hin th đen trng
11. dot-matrix printing k. in kim
12. markup l.
li thi
13. database m. máy tính chuyên dng
14. mail merging n. son tho
15. indices o. tham kho chéo
16. cross-referencing p. th nh
17. annotation q. trình kt hp th

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Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practice
1. word processor 7. dedicated computer 13. database
2. composition 8. monochrome
display
14. mail merging
3. editing 9. memory card 15. indices
4. formatting 10. diskette 16. cross-referencing
5. obsolete 11. dot-matrix printing 17. annotation
6. keyboard 12. markup

Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct
word from the box to fill in the gap
editing memory cards indices
word processor diskette cross-referencing
Keyboard markup capabilities

1. Desktop publishing programs allowed users to import text that they have written
using a text editor or ……………………..
2. Read-only optical discs have replaced the …………………..in most current home
console systems.
3. The idea of ………………….languages was apparently first presented by
publishing executive William W. Tunnicliffe at a conference in 1967.
4. ……………………..allows readers to locate the publication information of source
material.
5. Mail Merge Toolkit is powerful add-in for Microsoft Office 2002 (XP) and 2003
designed to extend …………………… in Microsoft Outlook.

Exercise 4 Read the following passage and decide whether the following
statements are true or false
A word processor (more formally known as document preparation system) is a
computer application used for the production (including composition, editing,
formatting, and possibly printing) of any sort of printable material.

Word processor may also refer to an obsolete type of stand-alone office machine,
popular in the 1970s and 80s, combining the keyboard text-entry and printing
functions of an electric typewriter with a dedicated computer for the editing of text.
Although features and design varied between manufacturers and models, with new

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features added as technology advanced, word processors for several years usually
featured a monochrome display and the ability to save documents on memory cards or
diskettes. Later models introduced innovations such as spell-checking programs,
increased formatting options, and dot-matrix printing. As the more versatile
combination of a personal computer and separate printer became commonplace, the
word processor disappeared.

Word processors are descended from early text formatting tools (sometimes called text
justification tools, from their only real capability). Word processing was one of the
earliest applications for the personal computer in office productivity.

Although early word processors used tag-based markup for document formatting, most
modern word processors take advantage of a graphical user interface. Most are
powerful systems consisting of one or more programs that can produce any arbitrary

combination of images, graphics and text, the latter handled with type-setting
capability.

Microsoft Word is the most widely used computer word processing system; Microsoft
estimates over five hundred million people use the Office suite, which includes Word.
There are also many other commercial word processing applications, such as
WordPerfect, which dominated the market from the mid-1980s to early-1990s,
particularly for machines running Microsoft's MS-DOS operating system. Open-source
applications such as OpenOffice.org Writer and KWord are rapidly gaining in
popularity. Online word processors such as Google Docs are a relatively new category.

1. A word processor is a system to prepare documents.
2. No memory cards are used in a word processor.
3. Spell-checking programs were one of the first use of word processor.
4. Thanks to the combination of personal computers and printers, the word
processor was not in use any more.
5. Microsoft Word is the most popularly used computer word processing system.



Exercise 5 T.S 3 Listen to a short introduction about the characteristics of a
word processor and fill in each gap with one suitable word

Characteristics
Word processing typically refers to text manipulation functions such as automatic
generation of:
• batch mailings using a form letter template and an address …………………..
(1) (also called mail merging);

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• indices of keywords and their page ………………………(2);
• tables of contents with section titles and their page numbers;
• tables of figures with caption titles and their page numbers;
• ………………………(3) with section or page numbers;
• footnote numbering;
• new versions of a document using variables (e.g. model numbers, product
names, etc.)

Other word processing functions include "spell checking" (actually checks against
wordlists), "grammar checking" (checks for what seem to be simple grammar errors),
and a "thesaurus" function (finds words with similar or opposite meanings). In most
languages grammar is very complex, so ………………………(4) checkers tend to be
unreliable and also require a large amount of RAM. Other common features include
collaborative editing, comments and ………………………(5), support for images and
diagrams and internal cross-referencing.




Exercise 6 Complete the sentences by finding the missing letters
1. To perform word processing, you need a computer, a special program called a
word p……………………r, and a printer..
2. E………………..g is the process of preparing language, images, or sound
through correction, condensation, organization, and other modifications in
various media.
3. Disk f…………….......g is the process of preparing a hard disk or other storage
medium for use, including setting up an empty file system.
4. The advantages of both a color display and a high-resolution

m…………………e display are realized in a single display system by
eliminating color filters from the display screen of the display system.
5. A memory card or flash memory card is a solid-state electronic flash memory
data s……………….e device used with digital cameras, handheld and Mobile
computers.
6. A d……………………e is a random access, removable data storage medium
that can be used with personal computers.
7. A d……………………e is a collection of data which is managed to meet the
needs of a community of users.
8. A……………………n is extra information asserted with a particular point in a
document or other piece of information.


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Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations

English Vietnamese
1. Computing function a. ha
2. driver b. ging vi, tng t
3. electronic device c. mỏy ch
4. graphical d. ốn hỡnh, ng hỡnh
5. input device e. chc nng tớnh toỏn
6. interface f. thit b in t
7. keyboard g. bn phớm
8. modify h. giao din
9. monitor i. gúi phn mm

10. output device j. mn hỡnh
11. peripheral k. a
12. picture tube l.
thit b u ra
13. resemble m. ngoi vi
14. software package n. iu chnh, ci biờn
15. typewriter o. thit b u vo

Exercise 2 T.S 1 Listen and practice

1. computing function 6. interface 11. peripheral
2. driver 7. keyboard 12. picture tube
3. electronic device 8. modify 13. resemble
4. graphical 9. monitor 14. software package
5. input device 10. output device 15. typewriter

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Exercise 3 T.S 2 Listen and complete the sentences by selecting the correct word
from the box to fill in the gap.
Driver keyboard picture tube
graphical peripheral software package
input device output device typewriter

1. A ……………………. is a device connected to a computer; for example, a terminal
or printer.
2. An …………… allows the transfer of information to a computer system.
3. A computer uses an ……………… to present data to a user.
4. Computer parts need a ………… because they do not use standard commands.

5. The ……………. is an input device designed to enter text, characters and other
commands into the computer.

The Actual Computer
Your "computer" is a collection of devices that function as a unit. The most basic
collection includes a Computer CPU, a Monitor, a Keyboard, and a Mouse. The
Computer CPU is normally a rectangular box that sits on your desktop (called a
"Desktop Case") or next to your knee under the desk (called a "Tower Case"). The
computer's CPU is actually a small electronic device inside the case but the term is
often used to refer to the whole collection of electronics inside the box.

The Monitor
The Computer Monitor is the computer user's window into the workings of the
computer. It consists of a television picture tube that had been modified to accept the
type of video signal created by the computer's electronics. Conventional televisions
can be used as computer monitors if a translation device is used to connect them. The
picture quality leaves something to be desired.

The Keyboard
The Keyboard is the primary input device used to communicate with the computer. A
computer keyboard closely resembles a conventional typewriter keyboard with the
addition of numerous keys that are used specifically for computing functions.

The Mouse
Named for the resemblance of the wire coming out of it and a mouse's tail, the mouse
was introduced to computing in the early 1980's when Macintosh created its graphical
user interface (GUI). The mouse is another input device used to point at objects on the

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computer monitor and select them. Using the mouse and keyboard in combination
allows the computer user substantial latitude in how to accomplish a wide variety of
tasks.

Peripherals
Computer peripherals are any electronic devices that can be hooked up to a computer
other than the standard input-output devices (monitor, keyboard, mouse). Peripheral
devices include speakers, microphones, printers, scanners, digital cameras, plotters,
and modems. Peripherals often require special software packages called "drivers".
These drivers are usually included with the peripheral at purchase time.



Exercise 4 Match each of the following names with one part of the computer as
indicated in the picture.

a. printer
b. CPU
c. Monitor
d. Keyboard
e. Mouse

Exercise 5 Read the text again and write the name for each part (CPU,
Peripheral, Mouse, Keyboard, Monitor) next to each sentence.
1. It can be a speaker, microphone, printer, scanner, digital camera, plotter, and
modem.
2. It is used to point at objects on the computer monitor and select them.
3. It is normally a rectangular box that sits on your desktop or next to your knee under
the desk.

4. It often requires special software packages.

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5. It closely resembles one part of a conventional typewriter.
6. It is the computer user's window into the workings of the computer.
7. It is actually a small electronic device inside the case.
8. It is a device that can be hooked up to a computer other than a input-output device.
9. It consists of a television picture tube.
10. It was introduced to computing in the early 1980's.

Exercise 6 Listen to T.S3 and fill in the blanks with the words given
Disks
Laser
information
data
Technology place
Hardware distribution
correspond Collection

The CD-ROM Drive
This modern miracle gained prominence in the late 1980's and has become the primary
(1) …………. medium for software to consumers. The Compact Disk-Read Only
Memory (CD-ROM) disk itself is a (2) …………. of concentric circles containing
millions of pits and plateaus which (3) ………… to on/off bits of data. The disk is
read with an optical (4) ………… similar to the one used to scan your groceries at the
supermareket. Most (5)…………… of this kind are "Read Only" meaning that the
computer can retrieve (6) ………………. from the disk, but cannot (7) …………
information on it. New developments have improved this (8) …………. to allow

writing and rewriting (9) ……….. to the disk. A different kind of (10) ……………
mechanism is needed to employ this innovation.

We use AND to express similar ideas and BUT to express contrasting ideas
E.g

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Silver conducts electricity very well, and copper is also a good conductor.
Silver conducts electricty well, but glass has very poor electrical property.

Exercise 7 Now join the following ideas with but or and
1. The paths may split off here and there, ………. they always for a line from the
negative to positive.
2. High voltage power lines are covered with thick layers of plastic to make them safe,
………… they become very dangerous when the line breaks and the wire is exposed.
3. The nearest band to one end of a resistor identifies the ‘first number’, ……… the
second band identifies a ‘second number’.
4. A conductor allows electrical current to pass easily through, ……….. an insulator
doesn't.
5. In a p-n diode, conventional current can flow from the p-type side to the n-type side
, ……….. it cannot flow in the opposite direction.
6. Diodes have two active electrodes between which the signal of interest may flow,
……… most are used for their unidirectional current property.
7. The track is usually rotary, ………. straight track versions are also available.
8. Such metals as copper, silver, and aluminum are excellent conductors, ………. such
insulators as diamond and glass are very poor conductors.
9. The resultant crystal has two distinct regions of n-type and p-type material, ……….
the boundary joining the two areas is known as an n-p junction.

10. In frequency modulation, the amplitude of the carrier wave is kept constant,
………….. the frequency is varied in proportion to the amplitude of the modulating
signal.
11. The 'Charge' is called the amount of stored electricity on the plates, ………. it is
proportional to the applied voltage and capacitor's 'capacitance'.
12. Active components are power sources, …………. passive components are
resistors, capacitors, microprocessors, transistors
13. Such metals as copper, silver, and aluminum are excellent conductors, ………
such insulators as diamond and glass are very poor conductor.

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Exercise 1 Match English terms and Vietnamese translations
English Vietnamese
1. temporary storage a. b lu tr dung lng ln
2. mass storage b. b lu tr ngoi tuyn
3. optical discs c. b lu tr s cp
4. magnetic storage d. b lu tr th cp
5. primary storage e. b nh
6. secondary storage f. cu trúc
7. architecture of computers g. chui
8. memory h. đa nng
9. drawback i. datum
10.
datum j. đa quang
11. binary numeral system k. hn ch

12. string l. h thng s nh phân
13. versatile m. hiu sut, s vn hành
14. von Neumann machines n. máy tính Von Neumann
15. hierarchy o. s cân bng
16. tradeoff p. s lu tr bng t tính
17. performance q. s lu tr tm thi
18. off-line storage r. trt t