INFINITIVE AND GERUND

Exercise for Sunday Morning.
I. Cách phát âm của những từ tận cùng là - ed
Những động từ quá khứ có quy tắc kết thúc là - ed đựoc phát âm nh sau:
1. /d/ sau nguyên âm a, e, i, o, u và các phụ âm hữu thanh ( trừ /d/): / /, /b/, /v/, /z/, / /, /d/,
/g/, /m/, /n/, /l/, //
tried /traid/ clothed /klud/
used /ju:zd/ failed /feild/
2. / t/ sau các phụ âm vô thanh (trừ /t/): / /, /p/, /f/, /s/, //, /t/, /k/
stopped /stpt/ laughed /la:ft/ worked /w: kt/
passed /pa:st/ watched /wtt/
3. /id/ sau chỉ 2 phụ âm /d/ và /t/
ended / endid/ started/ sta:tid/
II. Cách phát âm của những danh từ số nhiều có quy tắc.
1. Những danh từ kết thúc ở /s/, /z/ và những âm gió khác.
Sau một trong những âm gió: /s/, /z/, //, //, / t/, và /d/,
v cùng v i những danh từ số nhiều kết thúc ở (e)s đợc phát âm là /iz/
buses /bsiz/ crashes /krổiz/ watches /wtiz/
quizzes / kwiziz/ garages /gổra:iz/ bridge / bridz/

2.Những danh từ kết thúc ở những âm vô thanh
Sau những phụ âm vô thanh: ( /p/, /f/, //, /t/, v /k/)
v cùng v i nhng danh t s nhiều kết thúc (e)s đợc phát âm là/s/
cups /cps/ cloths /kls/ books /buks/
beliefs / bili:fs/ plates /pleits/

3. Những danh từ kết thúc ở những ph âm hữu thanh .
Sau các nguyên âm, và những phụ âm hữu thanh trừ /z/, //, và /d/,
và cùng vi nhng danh từ số nhiều kết thúc (e)s đợc phát âm là /z/
days /deiz/ boys /biz/ trees /tri:z/
knives /naivz/ hills /hilz/ dreams /dri:mz/
legs /legz/ ends /endz/ clothes /kluz/

1. Exercise 1. Pronuciation of ed endings
1. talked talk/t/ 31. started 61. realized
2. sobbed 32. galloped 62. believed
3. graded 33. wondered 63. imagined
4. asked 34. showed 64. supposed
5. helped 35. passed 65. doubted
6. watched 36.stayed 66. remembered
7. filled 37. shopped 67. desired
8. defended 38. failed 68. belonged
9. poured 39. looked 69. loved
10. waited 40. needed 80. minded
11. enjoyed 41. robbed 81. surprised
12. loaded 42. saved 82. consisted of
13. roamed 43. missed 83. included
14. kissed 44. wanted 84. equaled
15. halted 45. cleared 85. cared
16. laughed 46. washed 86. envied
17. dried 47.climbed 87. astonished
18. believed 48. smelled 88. amazed
19. judged 49. finished 89. boiled
20. counted 50. used 90. taped
21. added 51. rained 70. tapped
22. boxed 52. closed 71. gained
23. rested 53. spilled 72. offered
24. pushed 54. reached 73. tied
25. studied 55. licked 74. admitted
26. learned 56. recognized 75. hugged
27. hurried 57. appreciated 76. raged
28. regretted 58. pleased 77. dared
29. planned 59. possessed 78. pointed

30. hoped 60. owned 79. intensified
2. Exercise 2.
Pronunciation of -ed ending
/t/ /d/
1. Jane blinked and yawned
2. We hoped for the best
3. She mopped the kitchen floor, vacuumed the carpet, and dusted the furniture.
4. The concert lasted for two hours
5. She tapped the top of her desk
6. He described his house.
7. They demanded to know the answer.
8. Alice pushed and I pulled
9. He handed me dictionary
10. Jack tooted his horn
11. They asked me to help them.
12. With the coming of spring, the river flooded
13. The airplane departed at six and landed at eight
14. My friend jumped up and down and shouted when she got the news.
3. Exercise 3.
Choose the word which has the underlined part is pronounced different from the others.
1. A. fitted B. wicked C. locked D. intended
2. A. matched B. educated C. enriched D. washed
3. A. attended B. improved C. dedicated D. exhibited
4. A. killed B. developed C. threatened D. endangered
5. A. wanted B. looked C. needed D. visited
6. A. planned B. worked C. helped D. galloped
7. A. hoped B. referred C. shopped D. laughed
8. A. hurried B. studied C. stayed D. started
9. A. watched b. passed C. used D. washed
10. A. moved B. hoped C. married D. danced

11. A. retired B. escaped C. faded D. played
12. A. believed B. asked C. allowed D. died
13. A. called B. phoned C. showed D. finished
14. A. fired B. traveled C. enjoyed D. decided
15. A. apologized B. explored C. rained D. wondered
16. A. spilled B. opened C. finished d. climbed
17. A. programs B. individuals C. subjects D. celebrations
18. A. churches B. commandos C. photos D. wives
19. A. barracks B. series C. means D. headquarters
20. A. crossroads B. species C. works (company) D. mosquitoes
21. A. babies B. Kennedys C. shops D. schools
22. A. houses B. horses C. matches D. computers
23. A. walls B. bosses C. goods D. fingers
24. A. arms B. legs C. heads D. chests
25. A. brothers B. parents C. uncles D. nephews
26. A. hears B. dreams C. wishes D. sees
27. A. knows B. lives C. stays D. meets
28. A. regrets B. remembers C. drinks D. laughs
29. A. advised B. warned C. tired D. allowed
30. A. advanced B. remembered C. apologized D. accused
31. A. resources B. figures C. answers D. animals
32. A. decreases B. differences C. amounts D. reaches